JP4060765B2 - A device that makes heated cereal grains - Google Patents

Description

The present invention, after heating the cereal containing starch in a large amount, to that equipment be separated for each grain. In the present specification, separating grains every grain is referred to as “single grain”.

  For example, when producing brown rice tea, etc., it is necessary to make heated cereal grains into single grains.

  However, as is well known, when cereals, particularly paddy rice, upland rice, wheat, barley and millet, are heated to 70 ° C. or higher with a moisture content of 30% or more, gelatinization occurs. In particular, paddy rice and upland rice having a high starch quality are known to have high adhesiveness when the starch is gelatinized.

  When such cereals containing a large amount of starch are heated and then cooled, they become lumps and are difficult to be made into single grains. The reason is that after the starch is gelatinized, the gelatinized starch oozes out on the surface of the grain of grains, and a large number of grains form a lump by the adhesive force.

  For example, in the conventional brown rice tea manufacturing method, the worker loosens the cereals by heating them by hand. This is inefficient and harsh for workers.

  In another conventional method, there is a method in which mechanical pressure is applied to a lump of grain (for example, destruction using a crusher). There is a drawback that the yield of complete cereals is significantly reduced.

  According to yet another conventional technique, after gelatinization, it is immersed in cold water to eliminate the adhesiveness of starch gelatinized on the surface of the grain, and it is widely arranged thinly on a belt and dried to achieve single granulation. Yes. According to this method, it is necessary to add a water soaking step since the grain gelatinized with starch must be soaked in cold water by heating with steam. Furthermore, gelatinized starch absorbs water rapidly and swells, so that a device having a larger capacity than usual is required for drying. Therefore, there is a drawback that a large amount of drying energy must be consumed.

  The gelatinized mass is dried at a high temperature between 100 ° C and 70 ° C, and when the surface moisture is sufficient, the adhesion between the grains is weak, but the moisture evaporation proceeds and the surface moisture of the cereal grains decreases. As the progress proceeds, the tackiness of the starch increases. Further, when the temperature is lowered to 70 ° C. or lower, recrystallization starts, and starch between cereal grains is recombined so that the grains cannot be easily separated.

  Most ideally, the grains heated and gelatinized with steam are made into single grains before the temperature falls to 50 ° C. or lower. This method does not require an extra step and has little influence on the quality.

  The present inventors have found that the adhesion force between grains is extremely small at a grain surface temperature of 98 ° C. to 70 ° C. immediately after gelatinization. And with this temperature maintained, hot air with a humidity of 60% to 90% is uniformly applied to the grain layer, so that the moisture on the grain surface will gradually evaporate, and the recrystallization of the starch on the grain surface will slowly Therefore, during that period, it was found that the adhesion between grains was weak.

  The present invention has been made on the basis of this finding, and an object thereof is to provide a method and an apparatus for realizing this condition.

The apparatus of the present invention is an apparatus for applying a single grain by applying hot air on a conveyor while stirring the heated cereal in an atmosphere having a temperature of 60 ° C. to 100 ° C. and a humidity of 60% to 90%. (1), a hot air duct (2) for blowing hot air from the hot air generator (1) to a single granulator, and a cereal input hopper (4) whose opening is controlled so that the thickness of the cereal layer is 100 mm or less and), a net conveyor (5) to the entered the cereal is moved, net conveyor (5) agitator for agitating the grains on the (6), uniformly air flows from between the mesh of the net conveyor (5) And an exhaust fan (7) that creates the flow of hot air.

According to the apparatus of the present invention, by applying hot air that satisfies the above conditions with respect to humidity and temperature to the cereal layer, the cereal layer can be stirred while the adhesion between the cereal grains is weak, and the cereal grains can be separated. As soon as the grains are pulled apart, the surface moisture evaporates, and the surface starch is recrystallized and loses adhesion to become single grains. Moreover, an extra process is not required for that purpose, and the influence on the quality is small. Therefore, the quality is not deteriorated when the product is manufactured in a later process.

  In order to loosen the grains of grains in the cereal layer, it is preferable to stir the heated cereal while moving it on a conveyor. Stirring is preferably performed by a stirrer having a stirring blade. The stirrer preferably has 2 to 4 stirring blades rotating in the direction of grain movement. The rotational speed is 30 rpm to 100 ppm, preferably 30 to 50 rpm, and most preferably 60 ppm. If the stirring speed is 30 rpm or less, it is difficult to uniformly stir the grains in the grain layer, and if it is 100 rpm or more, the grains are scattered too much by the stirring energy, and it is difficult to make a single grain uniformly. is there. Moreover, it is preferable that each stirrer is arranged to stir the cereal layer at least once every 10 minutes, and it is preferable that the same cereal layer is stirred twice to four times.

  During single graining, the thickness of the cereal layer is preferably 20 mm to 100 mm, and the time during which hot air is uniformly applied to the cereal layer is preferably 10 minutes to 30 minutes. If the thickness of the cereal layer is 100 mm or less, while the hot air passes through the gaps between the grains of the cereal layer, the surface of the cereal grain dries while maintaining the temperature uniformly, but the thickness of the cereal layer is When the thickness exceeds 100 mm, the hot air is blocked by the laminar pressure, the temperature of the layer varies, and the surface moisture of the grains in the layer does not evaporate uniformly. On the other hand, if the grain layer is extremely thin, the stirring energy from the stirrer is not transmitted well, and the lump does not become a single grain. In addition, rapid moisture evaporation occurs during that time, and the thickness of the cereal layer needs to be 20 mm or more.

  The amount of hot air is preferably a hot air capacity / hour which is at least 6 times the grain layer volume. For that purpose, it is preferable to move the exhaust fan to create a flow of hot air so that air flows uniformly from the mesh of the net conveyor in the single granulation apparatus.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic view of a single granulation apparatus of the present invention.

Hot air is generated from the hot air generator 1 and blown to the single granulator through the hot air duct 2. The hot air generator 1 has a hot air volume of 15 m ³ / min, a temperature of 100 ° C., and a humidity of 70%. The hot air volume is adjusted with the hot air adjusting damper 3 while watching the finish. Further, the exhaust fan 7 is moved to create a flow of hot air so that the air flows uniformly from the upper part to the lower part through the nets of the net conveyor 5 in the single granulation apparatus. The speed of the net conveyor 5 is adjusted so that the residence time in the apparatus is 20 minutes. A plurality of stirrers 6 (four in the drawing) are installed, and are adjusted so that the rotational speed is increased from 40 rpm to 10 rpm from the input side.

  The pre-operation preparation of the single granulation apparatus is completed under the above conditions.

  As a pre-treatment, the polished rice used as a raw material was soaked in washed rice for 2 hours, drained, put into a continuous steamer and steamed for 30 minutes to become alpha. The pregelatinized glutinous rice was put into the cereal charging hopper 4 under the condition of 100 kg for 1 hour, and moved inside the single graining device by the single grain net conveyor 5. The glutinous rice layer at that time was 80 mm.

  Single-granulation was performed under the above conditions, and the single-granulated rice was passed through a 5-mesh sieve. Assuming that the glutinous rice remaining in the sieve was glutinous rice that was incompletely pulverized, the sizing rate was measured at the ratio, and the sizing rate was 96%.

  After passing through the single graining device, the surface of the brown rice grains was dry and there was no reattachment. Immediately after the introduction of the single granulator, the moisture of the rice was 34.6%, and the moisture after passing through the single granulator was 28%.

  The present invention can be used for the production of barley tea, alpha rice, germinated brown rice and the like in addition to the production of brown rice tea.

It is the schematic of the single granulation apparatus of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot-air generator 2 Hot-air duct 3 Hot-air adjustment damper 4 Grain input hopper 5 Net conveyor 6 Stirrer 7 Exhaust fan

Claims (5)

A device that heats cereals into hot granules on a conveyor while stirring them in an atmosphere having a temperature of 60 ° C. to 100 ° C. and a humidity of 60% to 90%. A hot air duct (2) for blowing hot air from the hot air generator (1) to the single granulator, and a cereal input hopper (4) whose opening was controlled so that the thickness of the cereal layer was 100 mm or less were input. the cereal a net conveyor (5) that moves the net conveyor (5) agitator for agitating the grains on the (6), the flow of the heated air as from between the mesh uniform air flows in the net conveyor (5) An exhaust fan (7) for producing The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein each of the agitators agitates the cereal layer at least once every 10 minutes. The apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the number of stirring blades of each stirrer is 2 to 4, and the number of rotations of the blades is 30 to 100 ppm. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the amount of hot air is at least six times the volume of the cereal layer hot air capacity / hour. The apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the opening of the grain input hopper (4) is controlled so that the grain layer is 20 mm to 100 mm.

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