Deprecated: The each() function is deprecated. This message will be suppressed on further calls in /home/zhenxiangba/zhenxiangba.com/public_html/phproxy-improved-master/index.php on line 456
JP4060954B2 - Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment - Google Patents
[go: Go Back, main page]

JP4060954B2 - Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment - Google Patents

Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment Download PDF

Info

Publication number
JP4060954B2
JP4060954B2 JP20759498A JP20759498A JP4060954B2 JP 4060954 B2 JP4060954 B2 JP 4060954B2 JP 20759498 A JP20759498 A JP 20759498A JP 20759498 A JP20759498 A JP 20759498A JP 4060954 B2 JP4060954 B2 JP 4060954B2
Authority
JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
solvent
impeller
synthetic resin
dissolution
dissolution tank
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
JP20759498A
Other languages
Japanese (ja)
Other versions
JP2000037725A (en
Inventor
稔 松島
久 海野
伸 萩原
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Sony Corp
Sankei Giken Kogyo Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Sony Corp
Sankei Giken Kogyo Co Ltd
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Sony Corp, Sankei Giken Kogyo Co Ltd filed Critical Sony Corp
Priority to JP20759498A priority Critical patent/JP4060954B2/en
Publication of JP2000037725A publication Critical patent/JP2000037725A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of JP4060954B2 publication Critical patent/JP4060954B2/en
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current

Links

Images

Classifications

    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02WCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO WASTEWATER TREATMENT OR WASTE MANAGEMENT
    • Y02W30/00Technologies for solid waste management
    • Y02W30/50Reuse, recycling or recovery technologies
    • Y02W30/62Plastics recycling; Rubber recycling

Landscapes

  • Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
  • Processing And Handling Of Plastics And Other Materials For Molding In General (AREA)
  • Separation, Recovery Or Treatment Of Waste Materials Containing Plastics (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明が属する技術分野】
本発明は例えば梱包材や包装材等として使用された発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物を溶媒により溶解処理する装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、上記のような使用済み発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物を処理する方法や装置等は、従来種々提案されており、例えば発泡ポリスチレン成形体を熱で溶融してブロック化する装置は、コストや設置場所に制約があり、しかもポリスチレンの熱分解によって臭気が発生したり、分子量が低下して再利用が困難となる等の問題がある。そこで加熱以外の手段で発泡ポリスチレン成形体の体積を収縮して再利用する方法として、一度発泡ポリスチレンを有機溶媒に溶解、収縮させてから、溶媒を蒸発させてポリスチレンとして取り出して再生する方法が挙げられる。この方法においては、加熱処理を行わないので、ポリスチレン分子量を低下させることなく、ポリスチレンの回収ができる。
【0003】
しかし、ポリスチレン回収方法を資源の再利用いわゆるリサイクルリングに適用するためには、各事業所や家庭等で使用済み発泡ポリスチレンを有機溶媒に溶解して収縮させる装置と、その装置で得られたポリスチレン溶液を回収して、ポリスチレンと上記有機溶媒とを分離するプラント等が必要である。
【0004】
そこで、例えば各事業所や家庭等で使用済み発泡ポリスチレンを溶解処理する装置が種々提案されている。例えば特開平8−85734においては、有機溶媒を収容した溶解槽中に一対の破砕用ローラを配置し、その各ローラの周面に互いに噛み合うよう配置した破砕刃によって発泡ポリスチレンを有機溶媒中で破砕すると共に、溶解槽底部に設けた撹拌用プロペラによって有機溶媒および破砕された発泡ポリスチレンを撹拌して溶解する構成である。しかし、破砕用ローラや撹拌用プロペラが有機溶媒中に有るため破砕用ローラ軸受部や撹拌用プロペラ軸受シール部より液漏れが発生する等のおそれがあり、又それを防止するために複雑な機構や高価なパッキンを用いたり、頻繁にメンテナンスを行う必要がある。
【0005】
また例えば特開平8−253618号公報においては、発泡ポリスチレンを有機溶媒中に投入する前に粉砕機によって粉砕し、その粉砕した発泡ポリスチレンを溶解槽内の有機溶媒中に投入して溶解する構成である。この方法では発泡ポリスチレンを大気中で粉砕するため静電気が発生しやすく、その静電気によって発泡ポリスチレンが周囲に付着したり、飛散する等のおそれがある。
【0006】
さらに上記のような発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物を再使用する場合の問題点として、例えば梱包材や包装材等として用いた使用済みの合成樹脂廃棄物は汚れていたり、溶媒に不溶なフィルム等がラミネートされている場合が多く、その表面に付着したゴミや、溶解されなかったラミネートフィルム等が溶解槽中に浸入して撹拌羽根等に絡まったり、槽内のいたるところに付着したり、また回収再生工程においてゴミ除去フィルタ等がすぐに目詰まりする等の問題がある。
【0007】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明は上記の問題点に鑑みて提案されたもので、使用済み発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物を飛散することなく効率よく溶解処理することができ、しかも槽内へのゴミ付着を最低限に押さえ、回収再生工程を円滑に進めることのできる溶解処理装置を提供するものである。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置は、合成樹脂廃棄物を破砕し且つ撹拌する羽根車を、一対の回転板と、その間に一体的に固着した羽根板とで構成し、上記羽根車を溶媒を収容した溶解槽内に支軸を介して回転可能に設け、上記支軸の側方の溶解槽内に溶媒中に浮遊するゴミ等を回収する多孔板よりなる回収容器を配置すると共に、その回収容器の下方に上記羽根車の略回転軌跡に沿う円弧状のガイド板を設け、そのガイド板と上記回転板および羽根板とで囲まれた領域に形成された汲み上げ用の凹部によって上記溶解槽内の溶媒を上記回収容器内に導入するようにしたことを特徴とする。
【0009】
【作用】
上記の構成により、合成樹脂廃棄物を溶解槽内の溶媒中で前記羽根車によって破砕および撹拌することが可能となり、合成樹脂廃棄物が飛散することなく効率よく溶解することができる。この場合、溶媒は羽根車の回転支軸よりも低い位置に収容するとよく、そのようにすると軸受部等からの溶媒の漏れを可及的に低減することが可能となる。
【0010】
また使用済み発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物は新品時と比べ非常に汚れている。例えばガムテープ・木くず・梱包ひも・砂・新聞紙・シールラベル・魚のうろこ等である。更には前述のように溶媒に不溶なフィルム等がラミネートされている場合があり、これらを除去してから溶解槽に投入することは多大な労力を要し、これらを除去せずに発泡ポリスチレンと共に溶解すると、梱包ひも等の長い物は羽根車シャフト軸に巻き付いたり、回収再生するための廃液時及び回収再生工程において設置するゴミとりフィルタをすぐに目詰まりさせ回収困難にする。また羽根車回転時は、溶解槽壁面に貼り付いたり、有機溶媒中を浮遊し廃液等で底部に残存してしまうため、有機溶媒廃液後、新液を入れる前に底部壁面などまわりのゴミを清掃・回収しなくてはならない。これらを解決するために、本発明では溶媒中に浮遊するゴミ等を回収する多孔板よりなる回収容器を溶媒槽内に配置し、羽根車の回転によって溶解槽内の溶媒を上記回収容器内に導入するようにしたので合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解作業と同時に上記のゴミ取り作業を容易・迅速に行うことができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明による合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置を図に示す実施形態に基づいて具体的に説明する。
【0012】
図1は本発明による溶解処理装置の一実施形態を示す縦断正面図、図2はその平面図、図3は縮小した縦断側面図である。
【0013】
図において、1は使用済みの発泡ポリスチレン成形体等の廃棄物を溶解する溶解槽であり、該溶解槽1はステンレス等の金属板材により全体略箱状に形成されている。その溶解槽1の上部には廃棄物投入口1aが設けられ、その投入口1aには開閉扉2がヒンジ2aにより開閉可能に設けられている。その投入口1aと反対側の溶解槽1の上部にはメンテナンス用の開口1dが設けられ、その開口1dには開閉扉12がヒンジ12aにより開閉可能に設けられている。
【0014】
上記処理槽1の底部1bは、水平面に対して所定の角度、本実施形態においては7.5°傾斜させてあり、その傾斜の最も低い位置には、溶媒を排出するための排出通路1cが形成され、その通路1c内には砂やゴミ等を回収する下部回収容器3が脱着可能に収容配置されている。その回収容器3は、本実施形態においては高さ約20mmの扁平横長の箱状に形成され、図4に示すようにその長手方向略中央部で二分割3a・3bに構成されている。
【0015】
その各分割容器3a・3bの底部には、高さ約10mmの門形の台座32が所定の間隔をおいて複数個設けられ、各分割容器3a・3bの対向する端部には台座を兼ねるパンチングメタル等の多孔板よりなる端板33が設けられている。その台座32および端板33の上面には、パンチングメタル等の多孔板よりなる蓋体30が着脱自在に載置されている。上記各多孔板の孔径等は適宜であるが、本実施形態においては孔径(直径)約3mmのパンチングメタルが用いられている。
【0016】
また上記各分割容器3a・3bには、図4に示すように板状の取っ手34が一体的に設けられ、その取っ手34を指で摘むか、あるいは取っ手32に形成した穴34aに、図に省略した棒状のフック等を引っ掛けることによって、溶媒排出後に捕捉したゴミと共に上記容器を溶解槽1の前記メンテナンス用開口1dから取り出すことができる。なお、例えば溶解処理中に上記容器内にゴミが大量に溜まってしまった場合などには、溶解槽中に溶媒が入った状態であっても後述する羽根車を一旦停止させることによって上記各容器を溶解槽1から取り出すことも可能である。
【0017】
さらに前記排出通路1cの底部には、筒状の排出口13が設けられ、その筒状の排出口13の上端開口部13aは上記底面よりも約10mm程度上方に突出するように構成されている。また上記排出口13側の分割容器3bには、その筒状の排出口に嵌合する短筒状の排出穴31が設けられている。上記の構成によって、廃液抜き取り時、約3mm以上のゴミは前記回収容器3のパンチングメタルよりなる蓋体30に捕獲されると共に、上記回収容器3に回収された砂等のゴミは廃液の流れに伴いパネルの周囲に集約しつつも外部には流出しない。
【0018】
一方、前記溶解槽1内には、廃棄物を破砕し撹拌する羽根車5が、横方向の支軸4を介して回転自由に設けられ、その支軸4の一端側の溶解槽1の外方には該支軸4を介して上記羽根車5を所定の速度で回転駆動するモータ(不図示)が設けられている。そのモータは本実施形態においては、過負荷が掛かって停止した場合などに逆転できるように可逆転式のモータが用いられ、常時は羽根車5を図中矢印a方向に回転するように構成されている。そのモータの回転速度は、速いほど廃棄物を破砕および撹拌して溶解する効率がよく、本実施形態においては正転時12rpm以上とするのが好ましいことが分かった。ただし、回転速度を上昇させるほどトルクが低下するので、その点を勘案して適宜設定すればよい。
【0019】
上記各羽根車5は、本実施形態においては図1および図2に示すように一対の回転板51・51間に断面略コ字形の羽根板52を溶接等で一体的に固着した構成である。その羽根車5は支軸4の長手方向に複数個、図の場合は4つ設けられ、それぞれ支軸4に溶接もしくはキー嵌合等によって回り止め固定されている。その隣り合う羽根車は軸方向に所定の間隔をおいて配置され、各羽根車5の支軸4に対する周方向の取付け位置(向き)は同一となるように構成されている。なお図中の角度α、βはそれぞれ約30に設定されている。
【0020】
上記各羽根車5の前記一対の回転板51・51とコ字形羽根板52とで囲まれたバケット状の凹部Pは後述する滝落とし用の凹部として機能する。また各回転板51の両端部は図1に示すようにクチバシ状に形成され、その外周縁部51aは回転方向(図1で矢印a方向)前側に行くに従って内方に湾曲している、すなわち回転方向前側に行くに従って支軸4からの距離が漸次短くなるように形成されている。さらに上記各外周縁部51aにはV字状の切欠き部50がそれぞれ2つずつ形成され、その各V字状切欠き部50の一辺50aは支軸4を中心とする略半径方向に形成され、その辺50aと他方の辺50bとの交角は約75度に形成されている。
【0021】
上記のように複数個設けた羽根車5の近傍には、該羽根車5との共働で廃棄物を破砕する破砕板を設けたもので、図の実施形態においては隣り合う羽根車5・5間と、最外側の羽根車5と溶解槽内面との間に、それぞれ略垂直方向の破砕板61〜63が設けられている。その破砕板61〜63のうち、支軸4の長手方向ほぼ中央部に位置する破砕板61は、羽根車5の回転方向に向かって最も前側に位置し、次いでその両側の破砕板62・62、さらにその外側の破砕板63・63が羽根車5の回転方向下流側に順次位置するようにずらして配置されている。
【0022】
上記各破砕板61〜63の羽根車5の回転方向前側に対向する辺(面)は、前記支軸4を中心とする略半径方向に形成され、上記各対向辺と前記回転板51のクチバシ状端部の内側の辺51bとのなす角度θはいずれも約45度になるように構成されている。この角度は本実施形態において廃棄物を破砕するのに最も好ましい角度ではあるが必ずしもこの角度に限定されるものではない。
【0023】
また前記の支軸4の長手方向ほぼ中央部に位置する破砕板61の上部には、水平方向の破砕板64が設られ、その破砕板64は溶解槽1の図1で左右両側の側板を補強する機能をも有する。上記のような水平方向の破砕板は、他の垂直方向の破砕板62・63の上部にも設けてもよく、その場合にも、上記破砕板64と、それに隣接する破砕板64は、図1の鎖線示のように羽根車5の回転方向に対して下流側もしくは上流側にずらして設けるとよい。
【0024】
前記羽根車5の一側方には、溶媒中に浮遊するゴミ等の浮遊物を回収する上部回収容器7が角棒状の支持部材8の上部に着脱自在に設けられている。その回収容器7はパンチングメタル等の多孔板により上面が開口する扁平横長の箱状に形成され、その長手方向両端部の側壁7aは羽根車5側の側壁7bよりも低く形成されている。また回収容器7の長手方向両端部の側壁7aと溶解槽1の側壁内面との間には隙間dが形成されている。
【0025】
上記多孔板の孔径や側壁の高さ寸法等は適宜であるが、本実施形態においては孔径(直径)約8mmのパンチングメタルが用いられ、羽根車5側の側壁7bの高さは約10mm、長手方向両端部の側壁7aの高さは約5mm、側壁7aと溶解槽1の側壁内面との隙間dは30mmに形成されている。
【0026】
上記回収容器7の下方には、羽根車5の回動軌跡に沿う円弧状のガイド板9が設けられ、そのガイド板9の上部9aは上記支持部材8に固着され、下部9bは接線方向に対して斜め下向きに約30度の角度で屈曲形成されている。又そのガイド板9と羽根車5の最も外側の回動軌跡との間のクリアランスは、羽根車5の回転方向下流側よりも上流側に行くに従って漸次狭くなるように形成されており本実施形態においては羽根車5の回転方向下流側のガイド板屈曲部におけるクリアランスは約6mm、最も上流側のクリアランスは約3mmに設定されている。
【0027】
上記ガイド板9の内方を羽根車5の羽根板52が回動する際、その羽根板52の外側の片52とガイド板9および回転板51・51とで囲まれた領域には、図8に示すように断面略V字状の溶媒汲み上げ用の凹部Qが形成され、その汲み上げ凹部Q内に溜まった溶媒Sが羽根車5の回転に伴って回収容器7に向かって移動することによって該容器7内に溶媒Sが流入し、それによって溶媒S中のゴミ等が回収容器7で捕捉されて回収される構成である。
【0028】
上記回収容器7の上部には、処理槽1内に投入した廃棄物が直接回収容器7内に浸入するのを防ぐカバー10が設けられ、そのカバー10は本実施形態においては回収容器7内に回収されたゴミ等が上方から見えるように透明のアクリル板を用いたが、有機溶媒に浸されないものであれば材質等は適宜である。また上記カバー10は、ゴミ等を回収した回収容器7を上方に取り出せるように図1の実線位置と鎖線位置とに回動可能に取付けられ、そのカバー10と回収容器7との間には前記汲み上げ凹部Qから回収容器7内への溶媒の進入を許容する隙間gが形成されている。その隙間gの間隔は適宜であるが、本実施形態においては約25mmに設定されている。
【0029】
なお発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物を効率よく溶解するには、溶媒を暖めるとよく、その場合の加熱温度は少なくとも溶媒の引火温度よりも低く設定する必要がある。例えば発泡ポリスチレンを溶解する溶媒としてリモネンを用いる場合、リモネン単体の引火温度は48℃、これに例えば15重量%程度の発泡ポリスチレンを溶解した状態の引火温度は49.5℃であり、これに対してリモネンの加熱温度は30℃程度にすればよい。
【0030】
その加熱手段およびその配置位置等は適宜であり、例えば溶解槽1内に電熱ヒータ等を設置して溶媒を暖めるのも一つの方法であるが、これは電気制御の故障を考慮した場合、火災面で非常に危険であるのと、ヒータは片面しか暖められず、熱効率も悪い。そこで本実施形態においては温水循環式のヒータ11を溶解槽1内の前記ガイド板9に設置したものである。図の場合は、ガイド板9の羽根車5と反対側の面に温水通路形成用の添板11aを重ね合わせて溶接等で一体的に固着し、その添板11aとガイド板9との間に形成された温水通路11bに、図に省略したボイラ等からの温水を順次循環供給する構成である。
【0031】
さらに前記回収容器7の上方の溶解槽内面近傍と、それと反対側の溶解槽内面近傍には、溶媒を供給する供給管21が設けられ、その供給管21には溶媒を霧状に噴出させる小孔が管の長手方向に多数設けられている。上記供給管21は図5に示すようにホース22および切替バルブ23等を介してポンプ24に接続され、上記切替バルブ23と前記排出口13とはホース25で接続されている。上記ポンプ24は本実施形態においては可逆転ポンプが用いられ、防塵フィルタ26およびホース27等を介して溶媒供給タンク28または廃液タンク29に選択的に連通させることによって上記供給管21を介して溶解槽1内に溶媒を供給したり、溶解槽1内の溶媒を排出通路1cから廃液タンク29に排出させることができる。
【0032】
上記の構成において、例えば使用済みの発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物をリモネン等の有機溶媒で溶解処理するにあたっては、上記ホース27を溶媒供給タンク28に連通させ、ポンプ24を正転させて供給管21から溶解槽1内に溶媒を供給する。その際、先の溶解処理で羽根車5や回収容器7に古い溶媒が付着している場合には、供給口21を溶解槽1の上部に設けたことによって上記の古い溶媒を流し取ることができる。
【0033】
溶解槽1内に所定の初期レベルL0まで溶媒が供給されたところで、ポンプ24を停止させる。その初期レベルL0としては、前記溶媒に所定量の廃棄物を溶解した場合にも前記羽根車5が停止した状態で支軸4が溶媒に浸からない程度とする。本実施形態においては図1に示すように初期レベルL0は前記水平方向の破砕板64の上辺位置付近、支軸4が溶媒に浸からない上限許容レベルL1は上記破砕板64の下辺位置付近である。上記の溶媒に対する廃棄物の溶解量としては例えば発泡ポリステレンをリモネンに溶解させる場合には、ポリスチレン濃度が約30重量%になる程度である。なお上記溶解槽内への溶媒の供給量はセンサ等で自動的に検知して自動的にポンプを停止させることもできる。
【0034】
上記のようにして溶解槽1内に溶媒を供給した状態で溶解槽上部の投入口1aの開閉扉2を開け、該投入口から溶解槽1内に廃棄物Wを投入する。そのとき羽根車5は、必ず図1に示す定位置で停止するように設定されており、この定位置は羽根車5の上部の溶解槽1内の空間が広く空いた状態となり、廃棄物を最も多く投入することができる。
【0035】
上記溶解槽1内に廃棄物を投入し終わったところで投入口1aの開閉扉2を閉め前記モータ(不図示)を駆動して羽根車5を回転させるもので、そのモータは上記開閉扉を閉めたとき自動的に駆動するように構成することもできる。その場合、安全のため開閉扉2を閉じてから数秒後に羽根車5が回転するように構成するのが好ましい。ただし、コンベア等を用いて自動投入する構成とし、投入口の周囲を柵等で囲って安全が確保されれば上記の限りではない。
【0036】
上記のようにして羽根車5が回転すると、その羽根車5の回転板51と羽根板52によって廃棄物が溶媒中に順次押し込まれる。そのとき溶解槽1の側板の内面に付着した廃棄物は回転板51のクチバシ状の先端部で掻き落とされ、その先端部で掻き落とされなかった廃棄物は前記V字型切欠き部50によって溶媒中に押し込まれる。
【0037】
その溶媒中に押し込まれた廃棄物は、羽根車5と前記破砕板61〜65との間で剪断されるようにして順次切断され、これを繰り返すことによって廃棄物Wが次第に細かく破砕されていく。その際、上記破砕板61〜65の羽根車5に対する位置は、前述のように羽根車5の回転方向にずらして配置されているので、羽根車5に一度に大きな力が作用するのが防止され、モータに掛かる負荷が軽減される。
【0038】
上記の廃棄物の破砕動作は、主として溶媒内で行われるので、廃棄物がバタついたり、跳ねることなくスムースに行うことができ、静電気も発生しない。また溶媒中に押し込まれた廃棄物は、その溶媒で徐々に溶解されると共に、上記の破砕によって溶媒との接触面積が増大して溶解が促進される。
【0039】
また羽根車5が前記のように回転することによって、図7に示すように回転板51・51と羽根板52とで形成された前記滝落とし用の凹部Pが溶媒内に浸入したのち溶媒の液面上方に露出して再び溶媒内に浸入する。これを繰り返すことによって上記凹部P内に溜まった溶媒Sが廃棄物に滝落とし状に振りかけられると共に、溶媒が撹拌されて廃棄物の溶解速度が増大される。
【0040】
さらに本実施形態においては溶媒加熱用のヒータ11が設けられ、特に図の場合は前述のように溶解槽1内のガイド板9に温水通路を形成して温水循環式のヒータ11を設置した構成であるから、上記ヒータ11からの放熱で溶媒を効率よく暖めることができ、発泡ポリスチレン等の合成樹脂廃棄物をさらに効率よく溶解することが可能となる。また発泡ポリスチレンの溶解率が20〜30重量%になると有機溶媒の粘度も新液時より非常に高くなるため、廃液も困難となるが、温水循環方式で暖めることにより粘度が下がり、廃液がスムーズに行われる。また直接熱が有機溶媒に伝わらず、温水式の放熱により両側から熱が伝わるので非常に安全であり熱効率もよい。
【0041】
一方、前記羽根車5の回転で、前記ガイド板9と、羽根車5の一対の回転板51・51および羽根板52の外片52aとで形成される前記の溶媒汲み上げ用凹部Qが上記ガイド板9に沿って上昇移動し、前記回収容器7の側方まで移動したところで上記凹部Q内に溜まった溶媒Sが回収容器7内に流入して濾過される。これを繰り返すことによって溶媒S中に浮遊するゴミ等を順次回収容器7で捕捉して回収することができる。
【0042】
また上記の溶媒によって溶解される廃棄物の量が増えれば増えるほど溶媒の粘度は高くなり、回収容器7を通過して流れ落ちて行く速度は遅くなるが、回収容器7内には羽根車5から次々に溶媒が送られてくるので、ついにはゴミと共に羽根車の方に逆流してしまうおそれがあるが、本実施形態においては前述のように回収容器7の羽根車5側の側壁7bよりも長手方向両端部の側壁7aを低く形成すると共に、その長手方向両端部の側壁7aと溶解槽1の側壁内面との間に隙間dを形成したので、羽根車5側に逆流するのを防ぐことができる。
【0043】
なお上記の回収容器7を透過して下方に流出した溶媒は順次羽根車5の下方に移動し、その付近の溶媒と合流して循環を繰り返す。この場合、万一羽根車5からの圧力で溶媒が羽根車5の下方からガイド板9の下方を通って回収容器7側に逆流するおそれがある場合には、その逆流防止用の一方向弁等を上記ガイド板9の下部等に設けるようにしてもよい。
【0044】
一方、溶解槽1内に前記廃棄物と共に砂や小石等が投入されて溶媒に混入した場合には、それらは溶媒内を徐々に下降して溶解槽底部1bに沈殿した後、溶媒の流れと共にその底部1bの傾斜面に沿って排出通路1cに向かって移動し、その通路1c内に設けた回収容器3に回収される。
【0045】
上記の回収容器3および前記回収容器7に回収したゴミや砂等は、後述するように溶解処理が終了して羽根車5を停止させ、溶媒を排出した後に、新液にてシャワー洗浄と同時に清掃除去するのを基本としているが、それ以外にも溶解槽1内に溶媒が入った状態で取り出すこともできる。
【0046】
また必要に応じて例えば上記回収容器3、7内や溶解槽底部等に永久磁石などの金属物が貼り付く物を設置することにより、金属の異物が溶解槽1内を回り、本体内を傷つけるのを防ぐこともできる。
【0047】
なお、前記のように羽根車5が回転している状態で例えば羽根車5の回転板51と溶解槽1の側板内面との間に廃棄物が挟まってモータが停止してしまった場合には、モータを逆転させることによって廃棄物を反対方向に回動させて取り除くことができる。その際、回転板51の外周縁部51aは前述のように回転方向前側に行くに従って半径方向内方に湾曲しているので、羽根車5を逆転したときには回転板51の外周縁部51aは溶解槽内面との間に挟まった廃棄物から離れる傾向となるので、逆転動作をスムースに行うことができる。羽根車5と前記ガイド板9との関係についても同様であり、羽根車5とガイド板9とのクリアランスは、前述のように羽根車5の回転方向下流側に行くに従って小さくなり、逆転したときには回転方向前側に行くに従ってクリアランスが大きくなるのでスムースに逆転させることができる。
【0048】
また上記のように廃棄物が挟まる等してモータに過負荷が作用したときには、それを自動的に検知してモータを停止させるようにしてもよく、さらに必要に応じてモータを自動的に逆転させるように構成こともできる。例えば何らかの原因でモータ等に過負荷が掛かった場合に羽根車の回転を一旦停止し、次いで例えば1/2回転ほど逆回転を行った後、再び正運転を試みる。これを例えば3回程度行っても過負荷が解消されない場合は自動停止させるようにすればよい。本実施形態においては上記の操作で殆どの過負荷は解消される構造となっている。
【0049】
上記のようにして溶解槽1内に投入した合成樹脂廃棄物を溶媒によって順次溶解し、所定量の廃棄物が溶解されたところで、羽根車5の回転を停止させる、あるいは警報等を発して溶媒交換を促す。その手段としては、例えば廃棄物が溶解して体積が増大した溶媒の量を、溶解槽外部に設置したガラス管式液面センサ等で検知し、それに基づいて羽根車の駆動モータを停止させたり、溶媒交換を報知する。また上記ガラス管に溶媒の上限許容レベルL1を表記し、そのレベルに溶媒の液面が達したら溶媒交換等を促す、あるいは自動的に交換するように構成することもできる。
【0050】
次に、羽根車5が停止したところで、前記ポンプ24を逆転させ溶解槽底部の排出口13からホース25・27等を介して廃液タンク29に排出させる。その際、前記回収容器3,7で捕捉できなかったゴミ等は防塵フィルタ26によって回収することができる。また回収容器3,7内に捕捉されたゴミ等は、それらの容器を溶解槽1の投入口1aまたはメンテナンス用開口1dから取り出すことによって容易に除去することができると共に、つぎに新規な溶媒を溶解槽内に噴出させる際に清掃することができる。又その際には上記ポンプ24を正転させて供給タンク28から溶媒を供給するもので、そのとき排出時に生じるポンプ内の汚れを除去することもできる。
【0051】
なお本発明による溶解処理装置を構成する支軸4・羽根車5・破砕板61〜65・回収容器3,7等の材質は、金属や合成樹脂等その他適宜であるが、溶媒に触れる部分は、少なくともその溶媒によって劣化もしくは変質しないものを用い、金属にあっては錆が発生すると発泡ポリスチレンを再生したときに色が付くおそれがあるのでステンレスを用いるのが望ましい。
【0052】
また上部の回収容器7は図の実施形態においては略水平に配置したが、例えば図6に示すように回収容器7の長手方向一端側の端部を他端側よりも低くなるように傾斜させて配置し、その低い側の端部の側板を省略して開放すると共に、その下方に別の多孔板よりなる回収容器70を配設してもよい。この場合、上記の傾斜した回収容器7は小孔を有しない単に樋状のものであってもよい。
【0053】
さらに上記実施形態においては、羽根車5を溶解槽1内に一列設けたが、複数列設けて多連式に構成してもよい。図9および図10はその一例を示すもので、羽根車5を2列(二連式)に構成したものである。各列の羽根車5は図10に示すように所定の間隔をおいて非接触で交互にかみ合うように配置され、各列の羽根車は周方向に同じ位置で位置決め固定されている。また各列の羽根車5は回転方向および回転速度は互いに異なるように構成されており、本実施形態においては図9で左側の羽根車が15rpm、右側が20rpmの速度でそれぞれ図中矢印方向に回転駆動される。
【0054】
また各羽根車5の正面形状は、図9に示すように三つ巴状に形成され、各羽根車に3つのクチバシ状の端部と3つの滝落とし用の凹部Pとが設けられている。さらに排出通路1cは溶解槽1の底部中央部に形成され、その通路1c内に下部回収容器3を配設すると共に、上記各羽根車5と側壁内面との間に上部回収容器7が設けられている。その各回収容器3・7の構成、および上記以外の構成は前記実施形態と略同様であり、同様の機能を有する部材には、同一の符号を付して再度の説明を省略する。
【0055】
上記のように羽根車5を多連式に構成し、各列の回転速度を異ならせることによって合成樹脂廃棄物を良好に破砕することができる。なお上記各羽根車5の下部等には前記実施形態と同様に羽根車との共働で排気物を破砕する破砕板61〜63等を設けることもできる。この場合にも隣り合う破砕板は羽根車の回転方向にずらして配置するとよい。
【0056】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明による合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置は、廃棄物を溶解する溶解槽1内に、廃棄物を破砕し且つ撹拌する羽根車5を支軸4を介して回転可能に設け、上記溶解槽1内の上記支軸4よりも低い位置に溶媒を収容すると共に、上記支軸4の側方の溶解槽1内に溶媒中に浮遊するゴミ等を回収する多孔板よりなる回収容器7を配置し、前記羽根車5の回転によって溶解槽1内の溶媒を上記回収容器7内に導入するようにしたから、上記支軸4の軸受け部分等から溶媒が漏れるのを可及的に低減することができると共に、溶媒中に浮遊するゴミ等を良好に回収することが可能となり合成樹脂廃棄物の再利用が容易となる等の効果がある。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明による合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置の一実施形態を示す縦断正面図。
【図2】上記溶解処理装置の平面図。
【図3】上記溶解処理装置の縮小した縦断側面図。
【図4】下部回収容器の斜視図。
【図5】上記溶解処理装置への溶媒供給および排出機構の概略構成説明図。
【図6】上部回収容器の変更例を示す側面図。
【図7】廃棄物への溶媒滝落とし動作の説明図。
【図8】上部回収容器への溶媒導入動作の説明図。
【図9】本発明による溶解処理装置の他の実施形態を示す縦断正面図。
【図10】上記溶解処理装置の平面図。
【符号の説明】
1 溶解槽
1a 廃棄物投入口
1b 底部
1c 排出通路
2 開閉扉
3 下部回収容器
4 支軸
5 羽根車
51 回転板
52 羽根板
61〜65 破砕板
7 上部回収容器
8 支持部材
9 ガイド板
10 カバー
11 ヒータ
11a 添板
11b 温水通路
13 排出口
21 供給管
22、25、27 ホース
23 切替バルブ
24 ポンプ
26 防塵フィルタ
28 溶媒供給タンク
29 廃液タンク
P 汲み上げ凹部
Q 滝落とし凹部
S 溶媒
[0001]
[Technical field to which the invention belongs]
The present invention relates to an apparatus for dissolving a synthetic resin waste such as expanded polystyrene used as a packaging material or packaging material with a solvent.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, various methods and apparatuses for treating synthetic resin waste such as used expanded polystyrene as described above have been proposed in the past. For example, an apparatus for melting and molding a foamed polystyrene molded body with heat is costly. In addition, there are problems such as restrictions on the installation location and generation of odor due to thermal decomposition of polystyrene and difficulty in reuse due to a decrease in molecular weight. Therefore, as a method of shrinking and reusing the volume of the expanded polystyrene molded body by means other than heating, there is a method in which the expanded polystyrene is once dissolved and contracted in an organic solvent, and then the solvent is evaporated and recovered as polystyrene. It is done. In this method, since heat treatment is not performed, polystyrene can be recovered without lowering the polystyrene molecular weight.
[0003]
However, in order to apply the polystyrene recovery method to the recycling of resources, so-called recycling rings, a device that dissolves used polystyrene foam in an organic solvent and shrinks it at each office or home, and the polystyrene obtained by that device. A plant or the like that collects the solution and separates the polystyrene from the organic solvent is required.
[0004]
In view of this, for example, various apparatuses for dissolving and treating used expanded polystyrene in various offices and homes have been proposed. For example, in JP-A-8-85734, a pair of crushing rollers are arranged in a dissolution tank containing an organic solvent, and the polystyrene foam is crushed in the organic solvent by a crushing blade arranged so as to mesh with the peripheral surface of each roller. In addition, the organic solvent and the crushed expanded polystyrene are stirred and dissolved by a stirring propeller provided at the bottom of the dissolution tank. However, since the crushing roller and the agitating propeller are in an organic solvent, liquid leakage may occur from the crushing roller bearing portion and the agitating propeller bearing seal portion, and a complicated mechanism is required to prevent this. Or expensive packing or frequent maintenance.
[0005]
Further, for example, in JP-A-8-253618, the foamed polystyrene is pulverized by a pulverizer before being charged into the organic solvent, and the pulverized expanded polystyrene is charged into the organic solvent in the dissolution tank and dissolved. is there. In this method, the foamed polystyrene is pulverized in the atmosphere, and static electricity is likely to be generated. The static electricity may cause the foamed polystyrene to adhere to the surrounding area or to be scattered.
[0006]
Furthermore, as a problem when reusing synthetic resin waste such as expanded polystyrene as described above, for example, used synthetic resin waste used as a packing material or packaging material is dirty or insoluble in a solvent. Etc. are often laminated, dirt adhering to the surface, laminated film that has not been dissolved enter the dissolution tank and get entangled with stirring blades, adhere to everywhere in the tank, In addition, there is a problem that the dust removal filter or the like is clogged immediately in the recovery and regeneration process.
[0007]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The present invention has been proposed in view of the above-mentioned problems, and can efficiently perform a dissolution treatment without scattering synthetic resin waste such as used polystyrene foam, and minimizes the adhesion of dust to the tank. And a melting treatment apparatus that can smoothly proceed with the recovery and regeneration process.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The apparatus for dissolving and treating synthetic resin waste according to the present invention is as follows. , Go Impeller for crushing and stirring plastic waste A pair of rotating plates and a blade plate integrally fixed between them, and the impeller in a dissolution tank containing a solvent. A collection container made of a perforated plate that collects dust and the like floating in the solvent is placed in the dissolution tank on the side of the support shaft so that it can rotate via the support shaft. In addition, an arcuate guide plate is provided below the collection container along the substantially rotating locus of the impeller, and a pumping recess formed in a region surrounded by the guide plate, the rotary plate, and the blade plate. By above The solvent in the dissolution tank is introduced into the recovery container.
[0009]
[Action]
With the above configuration, the synthetic resin waste can be crushed and stirred by the impeller in the solvent in the dissolution tank, and the synthetic resin waste can be efficiently dissolved without being scattered. In this case, the solvent may be stored at a position lower than the rotation support shaft of the impeller, and by doing so, it is possible to reduce the leakage of the solvent from the bearing portion or the like as much as possible.
[0010]
Also, synthetic resin waste such as used polystyrene foam is very dirty compared to when it is new. For example, gum tape, wood scrap, packing string, sand, newspaper, seal label, fish scale, etc. Furthermore, as described above, a film insoluble in a solvent may be laminated, and it is necessary to put in a dissolution tank after removing these, and together with the expanded polystyrene without removing them. When melted, long items such as packing strings are wound around the shaft of the impeller shaft, or when the waste liquid for collecting and recycling is collected, the dust filter installed in the collecting and recycling process is immediately clogged, making it difficult to collect. In addition, when the impeller rotates, it sticks to the wall of the dissolution tank or floats in the organic solvent and remains on the bottom with waste liquid, etc., so after the organic solvent waste liquid, remove dust around the bottom wall surface before adding new liquid. It must be cleaned and collected. In order to solve these problems, in the present invention, a recovery container made of a perforated plate for recovering dust and the like floating in the solvent is disposed in the solvent tank, and the solvent in the dissolution tank is moved into the recovery container by the rotation of the impeller. Since it is introduced, the above-described dust removal operation can be easily and quickly performed simultaneously with the synthetic resin waste dissolution operation.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to the present invention will be described in detail based on embodiments shown in the drawings.
[0012]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of a dissolution treatment apparatus according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a plan view thereof, and FIG. 3 is a reduced longitudinal sectional side view.
[0013]
In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a dissolution tank for dissolving waste such as a used expanded polystyrene molded body, and the dissolution tank 1 is generally formed in a substantially box shape by a metal plate material such as stainless steel. A waste charging port 1a is provided at the upper portion of the dissolution tank 1, and an opening / closing door 2 is provided at the charging port 1a so as to be opened and closed by a hinge 2a. A maintenance opening 1d is provided in the upper part of the dissolution tank 1 on the side opposite to the charging port 1a, and an opening / closing door 12 is provided in the opening 1d so as to be opened and closed by a hinge 12a.
[0014]
The bottom 1b of the treatment tank 1 is inclined at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal plane, in this embodiment, 7.5 °, and a discharge passage 1c for discharging the solvent is provided at the lowest position of the inclination. In the passage 1c, a lower collection container 3 for collecting sand, dust and the like is detachably accommodated and disposed. In the present embodiment, the collection container 3 is formed in a flat horizontally long box shape having a height of about 20 mm, and as shown in FIG.
[0015]
A plurality of gate-shaped pedestals 32 having a height of about 10 mm are provided on the bottom of each of the divided containers 3a and 3b at a predetermined interval, and the opposite ends of the divided containers 3a and 3b also serve as pedestals. An end plate 33 made of a perforated plate such as a punching metal is provided. On the upper surface of the pedestal 32 and the end plate 33, a lid 30 made of a perforated plate such as punching metal is detachably mounted. The hole diameter of each of the perforated plates is appropriate, but in this embodiment, a punching metal having a hole diameter (diameter) of about 3 mm is used.
[0016]
Each of the divided containers 3a and 3b is integrally provided with a plate-like handle 34 as shown in FIG. 4, and the handle 34 is picked by a finger or a hole 34a formed in the handle 32 is shown in FIG. By hooking the omitted rod-like hook or the like, the container can be taken out from the maintenance opening 1d of the dissolution tank 1 together with the dust collected after the solvent is discharged. In addition, for example, when a large amount of dust is accumulated in the container during the dissolution process, each container can be stopped by temporarily stopping the impeller described later even if the solvent is in the dissolution tank. Can be taken out of the dissolution tank 1.
[0017]
Further, a cylindrical discharge port 13 is provided at the bottom of the discharge passage 1c, and an upper end opening 13a of the cylindrical discharge port 13 is configured to protrude about 10 mm above the bottom surface. . The split container 3b on the side of the discharge port 13 is provided with a short cylindrical discharge hole 31 that fits into the cylindrical discharge port. With the above configuration, when draining the waste liquid, the dust of about 3 mm or more is captured by the lid 30 made of punching metal of the recovery container 3, and the dust such as sand recovered in the recovery container 3 flows into the waste liquid flow. As a result, it does not flow out to the outside while concentrating around the panel.
[0018]
On the other hand, an impeller 5 for crushing and stirring the waste is provided in the dissolution tank 1 so as to be freely rotatable via a lateral support shaft 4, and is disposed outside the dissolution tank 1 on one end side of the support shaft 4. A motor (not shown) for rotating the impeller 5 at a predetermined speed via the support shaft 4 is provided on the side. In this embodiment, the motor is a reversible motor so as to be able to reversely rotate when stopped due to an overload, and is always configured to rotate the impeller 5 in the direction of arrow a in the figure. ing. It has been found that the higher the rotational speed of the motor, the better the efficiency of crushing, stirring and dissolving the waste, and in the present embodiment, it is preferable to set it to 12 rpm or more during normal rotation. However, since the torque decreases as the rotational speed is increased, it may be set as appropriate considering this point.
[0019]
In the present embodiment, each impeller 5 has a configuration in which a blade plate 52 having a substantially U-shaped cross section is integrally fixed between a pair of rotating plates 51 and 51 by welding or the like, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2. . A plurality of impellers 5 are provided in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 4, and in the illustrated case, four are provided, and are fixed to the support shaft 4 by welding, key fitting, or the like. The adjacent impellers are arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction, and the circumferential mounting positions (directions) of the respective impellers 5 with respect to the support shaft 4 are configured to be the same. The angles α and β in the figure are set to about 30 respectively.
[0020]
The bucket-shaped recess P surrounded by the pair of rotating plates 51 and 51 and the U-shaped blade 52 of each impeller 5 functions as a waterfall dropping recess described later. Further, both end portions of each rotary plate 51 are formed in a beak shape as shown in FIG. 1, and the outer peripheral edge portion 51a is curved inward as it goes to the front side in the rotational direction (direction of arrow a in FIG. 1). The distance from the support shaft 4 is gradually shortened toward the front side in the rotation direction. Further, two V-shaped notches 50 are formed on each outer peripheral edge 51a, and one side 50a of each V-shaped notch 50 is formed in a substantially radial direction centering on the support shaft 4. The intersection angle between the side 50a and the other side 50b is formed at about 75 degrees.
[0021]
In the vicinity of the plurality of impellers 5 provided as described above, a crushing plate for crushing waste in cooperation with the impeller 5 is provided. In the illustrated embodiment, adjacent impellers 5. Between the outermost impellers 5 and between the outermost impeller 5 and the inner surface of the dissolution tank, substantially vertical crushing plates 61 to 63 are provided, respectively. Among the crushing plates 61 to 63, the crushing plate 61 located at the substantially central portion in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 4 is located on the most front side in the rotation direction of the impeller 5, and then crushing plates 62 and 62 on both sides thereof. Further, the outer crushing plates 63 and 63 are arranged so as to be sequentially positioned downstream in the rotational direction of the impeller 5.
[0022]
Sides (surfaces) facing the front side in the rotational direction of the impeller 5 of each of the crushing plates 61 to 63 are formed in a substantially radial direction centering on the support shaft 4, and the opposing sides and the beaks of the rotary plate 51 are formed. The angle θ formed with the inner side 51b of the end portion is configured to be about 45 degrees. This angle is the most preferable angle for crushing waste in the present embodiment, but is not necessarily limited to this angle.
[0023]
A crushing plate 64 in the horizontal direction is provided at the upper part of the crushing plate 61 located substantially at the center in the longitudinal direction of the support shaft 4, and the crushing plate 64 corresponds to the left and right side plates in FIG. It also has a function to reinforce. The horizontal crushing plate as described above may be provided also on the other vertical crushing plates 62 and 63. In this case, the crushing plate 64 and the crushing plate 64 adjacent to the crushing plate 64 are also shown in FIG. As indicated by the dashed line 1, it may be provided so as to be shifted downstream or upstream with respect to the rotational direction of the impeller 5.
[0024]
On one side of the impeller 5, an upper collection container 7 that collects suspended matters such as dust floating in a solvent is detachably provided on an upper portion of a square bar-like support member 8. The collection container 7 is formed in a flat horizontally long box shape whose upper surface is opened by a perforated plate such as punching metal, and the side walls 7a at both ends in the longitudinal direction are formed lower than the side walls 7b on the impeller 5 side. Further, a gap d is formed between the side wall 7 a at both ends in the longitudinal direction of the recovery container 7 and the inner surface of the side wall of the dissolution tank 1.
[0025]
Although the hole diameter of the said perforated plate, the height dimension of a side wall, etc. are appropriate, in this embodiment, the punching metal of hole diameter (diameter) about 8 mm is used, and the height of the side wall 7b on the impeller 5 side is about 10 mm, The height of the side wall 7a at both ends in the longitudinal direction is about 5 mm, and the gap d between the side wall 7a and the inner surface of the side wall of the dissolution tank 1 is 30 mm.
[0026]
Below the collection container 7 is provided an arcuate guide plate 9 along the rotational trajectory of the impeller 5, an upper portion 9 a of the guide plate 9 is fixed to the support member 8, and a lower portion 9 b is tangentially arranged. On the other hand, it is bent at an angle of about 30 degrees obliquely downward. In addition, the clearance between the guide plate 9 and the outermost turning locus of the impeller 5 is formed so as to gradually become narrower toward the upstream side than the downstream side in the rotation direction of the impeller 5. In FIG. 5, the clearance at the guide plate bent portion on the downstream side in the rotational direction of the impeller 5 is set to about 6 mm, and the clearance on the most upstream side is set to about 3 mm.
[0027]
When the vane plate 52 of the impeller 5 rotates inside the guide plate 9, the outer piece 52 of the vane plate 52. a In the region surrounded by the guide plate 9 and the rotating plates 51 and 51, as shown in FIG. 8, a concave portion Q for pumping up the solvent having a substantially V-shaped cross section is formed, and the solvent accumulated in the pumped concave portion Q As S moves toward the recovery container 7 as the impeller 5 rotates, the solvent S flows into the container 7, whereby dust or the like in the solvent S is captured and recovered by the recovery container 7. It is a configuration.
[0028]
A cover 10 is provided at the upper part of the recovery container 7 to prevent the waste introduced into the treatment tank 1 from directly entering the recovery container 7, and the cover 10 is provided in the recovery container 7 in this embodiment. A transparent acrylic plate was used so that the collected dust and the like can be seen from above, but the material and the like are appropriate as long as they are not immersed in an organic solvent. Further, the cover 10 is rotatably attached to the solid line position and the chain line position in FIG. 1 so that the collection container 7 that collects dust and the like can be taken upward, and the cover 10 is disposed between the cover 10 and the collection container 7. A gap g that allows entry of the solvent from the pumping concave portion Q into the collection container 7 is formed. The gap g is appropriate, but is set to about 25 mm in this embodiment.
[0029]
In order to efficiently dissolve synthetic resin waste such as expanded polystyrene, the solvent is preferably warmed, and the heating temperature in that case needs to be set at least lower than the ignition temperature of the solvent. For example, when limonene is used as a solvent for dissolving expanded polystyrene, the ignition temperature of limonene alone is 48 ° C., for example, the ignition temperature of about 15% by weight of expanded polystyrene is 49.5 ° C. The heating temperature of limonene may be about 30 ° C.
[0030]
The heating means and the position of the heating means are appropriate. For example, an electric heater or the like is installed in the dissolution tank 1 to warm the solvent. On the other hand, it is very dangerous, and the heater can only be heated on one side and the heat efficiency is poor. Therefore, in this embodiment, a hot water circulation type heater 11 is installed on the guide plate 9 in the dissolution tank 1. In the case of the figure, an auxiliary plate 11a for forming a hot water passage is superposed on the surface of the guide plate 9 opposite to the impeller 5 and fixed integrally by welding or the like, and between the auxiliary plate 11a and the guide plate 9 is fixed. It is the structure which circulates and supplies the hot water from the boiler etc. which were abbreviate | omitted to the figure to the hot water channel | path 11b formed in this.
[0031]
Furthermore, a supply pipe 21 for supplying a solvent is provided in the vicinity of the inner surface of the dissolution tank above the recovery container 7 and in the vicinity of the inner surface of the dissolution tank on the opposite side. Many small holes are provided in the longitudinal direction of the tube. As shown in FIG. 5, the supply pipe 21 is connected to a pump 24 through a hose 22 and a switching valve 23, and the switching valve 23 and the discharge port 13 are connected by a hose 25. In the present embodiment, the pump 24 is a reversible pump, and is dissolved via the supply pipe 21 by selectively communicating with the solvent supply tank 28 or the waste liquid tank 29 via the dustproof filter 26 and the hose 27. The solvent can be supplied into the tank 1 or the solvent in the dissolution tank 1 can be discharged from the discharge passage 1 c to the waste liquid tank 29.
[0032]
In the above configuration, for example, when a synthetic resin waste such as used polystyrene foam is dissolved in an organic solvent such as limonene, the hose 27 is communicated with the solvent supply tank 28, and the pump 24 is rotated forward and supplied. A solvent is supplied from the tube 21 into the dissolution tank 1. At that time, if the old solvent is attached to the impeller 5 or the recovery container 7 in the previous dissolution process, the old solvent can be washed away by providing the supply port 21 on the upper part of the dissolution tank 1. it can.
[0033]
When the solvent is supplied to the dissolution tank 1 to a predetermined initial level L0, the pump 24 is stopped. The initial level L0 is set such that the spindle 4 is not immersed in the solvent when the impeller 5 is stopped even when a predetermined amount of waste is dissolved in the solvent. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, the initial level L0 is near the upper side position of the horizontal crushing plate 64, and the upper limit allowable level L1 at which the support shaft 4 is not immersed in the solvent is near the lower side position of the crushing plate 64. is there. The amount of the waste dissolved in the above solvent is, for example, a polystyrene concentration of about 30% by weight when foamed polystyrene is dissolved in limonene. The supply amount of the solvent into the dissolution tank can be automatically detected by a sensor or the like and the pump can be automatically stopped.
[0034]
In the state where the solvent is supplied into the dissolution tank 1 as described above, the opening / closing door 2 of the introduction port 1a at the upper part of the dissolution tank is opened, and the waste W is introduced into the dissolution tank 1 from the introduction port. At that time, the impeller 5 is always set to stop at the fixed position shown in FIG. 1, and this fixed position is a state in which the space in the dissolution tank 1 at the top of the impeller 5 is widely vacant, and the waste is discharged. The most can be thrown.
[0035]
When the waste is put into the dissolution tank 1, the door 2 of the inlet 1a is closed and the motor (not shown) is driven to rotate the impeller 5, and the motor closes the door. It can also be configured to automatically drive when In that case, for safety, it is preferable that the impeller 5 is configured to rotate several seconds after the door 2 is closed. However, this is not limited to the above as long as it is configured to automatically feed using a conveyor or the like and the safety is ensured by surrounding the slot with a fence or the like.
[0036]
When the impeller 5 rotates as described above, the waste is sequentially pushed into the solvent by the rotating plate 51 and the impeller plate 52 of the impeller 5. At that time, the waste adhering to the inner surface of the side plate of the dissolution tank 1 is scraped off at the beak-shaped tip of the rotating plate 51, and the waste that has not been scraped off at the tip of the tip is cut by the V-shaped notch 50. Pushed into the solvent.
[0037]
The waste pushed into the solvent is sequentially cut so as to be sheared between the impeller 5 and the crushing plates 61 to 65. By repeating this, the waste W is gradually finely crushed. . At that time, since the positions of the crushing plates 61 to 65 with respect to the impeller 5 are shifted in the rotational direction of the impeller 5 as described above, it is possible to prevent a large force from acting on the impeller 5 at a time. This reduces the load on the motor.
[0038]
Since the above-mentioned waste crushing operation is mainly performed in a solvent, the waste can be smoothly performed without flapping or splashing, and no static electricity is generated. In addition, the waste pushed into the solvent is gradually dissolved in the solvent, and the contact area with the solvent is increased by the above-mentioned crushing to promote dissolution.
[0039]
Further, as the impeller 5 rotates as described above, the waterfall dropping recess P formed by the rotating plates 51 and 51 and the vane plate 52 enters the solvent as shown in FIG. It is exposed above the liquid level and enters the solvent again. By repeating this, the solvent S accumulated in the recess P is sprinkled on the waste in a waterfall manner, and the solvent is stirred to increase the dissolution rate of the waste.
[0040]
Further, in the present embodiment, a heater 11 for solvent heating is provided, and particularly in the case of the figure, as described above, a hot water passage is formed in the guide plate 9 in the dissolution tank 1 and the hot water circulation heater 11 is installed. Therefore, the solvent can be efficiently warmed by the heat radiation from the heater 11, and synthetic resin waste such as expanded polystyrene can be more efficiently dissolved. In addition, when the dissolution rate of expanded polystyrene is 20-30% by weight, the viscosity of the organic solvent becomes much higher than that of the new solution, making it difficult to dispose of the waste solution. To be done. In addition, heat is not directly transmitted to the organic solvent, but heat is transmitted from both sides by the hot water type heat radiation, so that it is very safe and has high heat efficiency.
[0041]
On the other hand, as the impeller 5 rotates, the solvent pumping recess Q formed by the guide plate 9 and the pair of rotating plates 51 and 51 of the impeller 5 and the outer piece 52a of the impeller 52 is used as the guide. The solvent S that has moved up along the plate 9 and moved to the side of the recovery container 7 and accumulated in the recess Q flows into the recovery container 7 and is filtered. By repeating this, dust and the like floating in the solvent S can be sequentially captured and recovered by the recovery container 7.
[0042]
Further, as the amount of waste dissolved by the solvent increases, the viscosity of the solvent increases and the speed of flowing down through the recovery container 7 decreases. Since the solvent is sent one after another, there is a possibility that it will eventually flow back to the impeller together with the dust, but in this embodiment, as described above, the side wall 7b of the collection container 7 on the impeller 5 side is larger. The side walls 7a at both ends in the longitudinal direction are formed low, and the gap d is formed between the side walls 7a at both ends in the longitudinal direction and the inner surface of the side wall of the dissolution tank 1, thereby preventing backflow to the impeller 5 side. Can do.
[0043]
In addition, the solvent which permeate | transmitted the said recovery container 7 and flowed below moves to the downward direction of the impeller 5 sequentially, merges with the solvent of the vicinity, and repeats circulation. In this case, if there is a possibility that the solvent flows backward from the lower side of the impeller 5 to the collection container 7 side by the pressure from the impeller 5, the one-way valve for preventing the reverse flow Or the like may be provided below the guide plate 9 or the like.
[0044]
On the other hand, when sand, pebbles and the like are introduced into the dissolution tank 1 together with the waste and mixed with the solvent, they gradually descend in the solvent and settle on the dissolution tank bottom 1b, and then flow with the solvent. It moves toward the discharge passage 1c along the inclined surface of the bottom portion 1b, and is collected in the collection container 3 provided in the passage 1c.
[0045]
The dust and sand collected in the collection container 3 and the collection container 7 are dissolved at the same time as the shower cleaning with the new liquid after the dissolution process is finished and the impeller 5 is stopped and the solvent is discharged as described later. Although it is based on carrying out cleaning removal, it can also take out in the state in which the solvent entered the dissolution tank 1 besides that.
[0046]
Further, if necessary, for example, a metal object such as a permanent magnet sticks to the inside of the recovery containers 3 and 7 or the bottom of the dissolution tank, so that a metal foreign object travels around the dissolution tank 1 and damages the inside of the main body. Can also be prevented.
[0047]
In the state where the impeller 5 is rotating as described above, for example, when the motor is stopped due to the waste sandwiched between the rotating plate 51 of the impeller 5 and the inner surface of the side plate of the dissolution tank 1. The waste can be removed by rotating it in the opposite direction by reversing the motor. At that time, since the outer peripheral edge 51a of the rotating plate 51 is curved inward in the radial direction as it goes to the front side in the rotational direction as described above, the outer peripheral edge 51a of the rotating plate 51 is dissolved when the impeller 5 is reversed. Since it tends to move away from the waste sandwiched between the tank inner surface, the reverse operation can be smoothly performed. The same applies to the relationship between the impeller 5 and the guide plate 9, and the clearance between the impeller 5 and the guide plate 9 becomes smaller as it goes downstream in the rotational direction of the impeller 5 as described above, and when reversed Since the clearance increases as it goes to the front side in the rotation direction, it can be reversed smoothly.
[0048]
In addition, when an overload is applied to the motor due to a waste trapped as described above, the motor may be automatically detected to stop the motor, and the motor is automatically reversed if necessary. It can also be configured to be. For example, when an overload is applied to the motor or the like for some reason, the rotation of the impeller is temporarily stopped, and then the reverse rotation is performed, for example, about 1/2 rotation, and then the normal operation is tried again. For example, if the overload is not eliminated even if this is performed about three times, it may be automatically stopped. In the present embodiment, most of the overload is eliminated by the above operation.
[0049]
The synthetic resin waste thrown into the dissolution tank 1 as described above is sequentially dissolved with a solvent, and when a predetermined amount of waste is dissolved, the rotation of the impeller 5 is stopped, or an alarm or the like is issued. Encourage exchange. As the means, for example, the amount of the solvent whose volume is increased by dissolving the waste is detected by a glass tube type liquid level sensor or the like installed outside the dissolution tank, and the impeller drive motor is stopped based on the detection. Notify the solvent exchange. Further, the upper limit allowable level L1 of the solvent can be written on the glass tube, and when the liquid level of the solvent reaches that level, the solvent exchange or the like can be promoted or the solvent can be automatically replaced.
[0050]
Next, when the impeller 5 is stopped, the pump 24 is reversed and discharged from the discharge port 13 at the bottom of the dissolution tank to the waste liquid tank 29 through the hoses 25 and 27. At that time, dust or the like that could not be captured by the collection containers 3 and 7 can be collected by the dust filter 26. Further, the dust or the like trapped in the collection containers 3 and 7 can be easily removed by taking out these containers from the charging port 1a or the maintenance opening 1d of the dissolution tank 1, and then a new solvent is removed. It can be cleaned when it is ejected into the dissolution tank. In this case, the solvent is supplied from the supply tank 28 by rotating the pump 24 in the forward direction, and the dirt in the pump generated at the time of discharging can be removed.
[0051]
The material of the support shaft 4, the impeller 5, the crushing plates 61 to 65, the collection containers 3 and 7 and the like constituting the dissolution processing apparatus according to the present invention is metal, synthetic resin, or the like as appropriate. It is desirable to use stainless steel because it does not deteriorate or change its quality depending on the solvent, and in the case of metal, if rust is generated, the foamed polystyrene may be colored when regenerated.
[0052]
In addition, the upper collection container 7 is arranged substantially horizontally in the embodiment shown in the figure. For example, as shown in FIG. 6, the end of the collection container 7 on one end side in the longitudinal direction is inclined to be lower than the other end side. The lower side end side plate may be omitted and opened, and a recovery container 70 made of another perforated plate may be disposed below the side plate. In this case, the inclined collection container 7 may have a simple bowl shape without a small hole.
[0053]
Furthermore, in the said embodiment, although the impeller 5 was provided in 1 row in the dissolution tank 1, you may comprise in multiple rows | lines by providing multiple rows. FIG. 9 and FIG. 10 show an example thereof, in which the impeller 5 is configured in two rows (two-line type). As shown in FIG. 10, the impellers 5 in each row are arranged so as to alternately mesh with each other at a predetermined interval, and the impellers in each row are positioned and fixed at the same position in the circumferential direction. Further, the impellers 5 in each row are configured so that the rotation direction and the rotation speed are different from each other. In this embodiment, the left impeller is 15 rpm and the right side is 20 rpm in FIG. Driven by rotation.
[0054]
Further, the front shape of each impeller 5 is formed in a three-sided shape as shown in FIG. 9, and each impeller is provided with three beak-shaped end portions and three depressions P for dropping waterfalls. Further, the discharge passage 1c is formed at the center of the bottom of the dissolution tank 1, and the lower collection container 3 is disposed in the passage 1c, and the upper collection container 7 is provided between the impellers 5 and the side wall inner surface. ing. The configuration of each of the collection containers 3 and 7 and the configuration other than the above are substantially the same as those in the above embodiment, and members having the same functions are denoted by the same reference numerals and the description thereof is omitted.
[0055]
As described above, the impeller 5 is configured in a multiple manner, and the synthetic resin waste can be crushed well by varying the rotational speed of each row. In addition, the crushing plates 61-63 etc. which crush exhaust material by cooperation with an impeller like the said embodiment can also be provided in the lower part etc. of each said impeller 5. FIG. Also in this case, the adjacent crushing plates may be arranged so as to be shifted in the rotation direction of the impeller.
[0056]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to the present invention can rotate the impeller 5 for crushing and stirring the waste through the support shaft 4 in the dissolution tank 1 for dissolving the waste. And a perforated plate for storing the solvent in a position lower than the support shaft 4 in the dissolution tank 1 and collecting dust or the like floating in the solvent in the dissolution tank 1 on the side of the support shaft 4. The recovery container 7 is arranged, and the solvent in the dissolution tank 1 is introduced into the recovery container 7 by the rotation of the impeller 5, so that the solvent can leak from the bearing portion of the support shaft 4. In addition to being able to reduce as much as possible, it is possible to recover dust and the like floating in the solvent satisfactorily and to facilitate the reuse of synthetic resin waste.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional front view showing an embodiment of a synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the dissolution processing apparatus.
FIG. 3 is a reduced vertical side view of the dissolution treatment apparatus.
FIG. 4 is a perspective view of a lower collection container.
FIG. 5 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a solvent supply and discharge mechanism to the dissolution processing apparatus.
FIG. 6 is a side view showing a modified example of the upper collection container.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a solvent waterfall dropping operation on waste.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a solvent introduction operation into the upper recovery container.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal front view showing another embodiment of the dissolution treatment apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a plan view of the dissolution processing apparatus.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Dissolution tank
1a Waste input
1b Bottom
1c Discharge passage
2 Open / close door
3 Lower collection container
4 Support shaft
5 impeller
51 Rotating plate
52 slats
61-65 Crush plate
7 Upper collection container
8 Support members
9 Guide plate
10 Cover
11 Heater
11a Saddle plate
11b Hot water passage
13 Discharge port
21 Supply pipe
22, 25, 27 hose
23 Switching valve
24 pump
26 Dustproof filter
28 Solvent supply tank
29 Waste liquid tank
P Pumping recess
Q waterfall drop recess
S solvent

Claims (6)

成樹脂廃棄物を破砕し且つ撹拌する羽根車を、一対の回転板と、その間に一体的に固着した羽根板とで構成し、上記羽根車を溶媒を収容した溶解槽内に支軸を介して回転可能に設け、上記支軸の側方の溶解槽内に溶媒中に浮遊するゴミ等を回収する多孔板よりなる回収容器を配置すると共に、その回収容器の下方に上記羽根車の略回転軌跡に沿う円弧状のガイド板を設け、そのガイド板と上記回転板および羽根板とで囲まれた領域に形成された汲み上げ用の凹部によって上記溶解槽内の溶媒を上記回収容器内に導入するようにしたことを特徴とする合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置。An impeller for stirring and crushing the synthetic resin waste and, a pair of rotating plates, during which is constituted by a vane which is fixed integrally, the support shaft in the dissolution tank was the impeller housing the solvent A recovery container made of a perforated plate for recovering dust floating in the solvent is disposed in the dissolution tank on the side of the support shaft, and the impeller is abbreviated below the recovery container. An arc-shaped guide plate is provided along the rotation trajectory, and the solvent in the dissolution tank is introduced into the recovery container by a pumping recess formed in an area surrounded by the guide plate, the rotary plate, and the blade plate. A synthetic resin waste solution treatment apparatus characterized by comprising: 前記溶解槽内の前記支軸よりも低い位置に溶媒を収容するようにしたことを特徴とする請求項1記載の合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置。  The synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the solvent is accommodated at a position lower than the support shaft in the dissolution tank. 前記ガイド板に溶媒加温用の加熱手段を設けてなる請求項記載の合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置。The synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the guide plate is provided with heating means for solvent heating. 前記加熱手段は温水循環式ヒータである請求項記載の合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置。The synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to claim 3 , wherein the heating means is a hot water circulation heater. 前記回収容器は上面が開口する扁平箱状に形成され、その回収容器の前記羽根車側の側壁の高さよりも、それと直角方向の側壁の高さを低く形成してなる請求項1、2、3または4記載の合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置。The said collection container is formed in the shape of a flat box whose upper surface is opened, and the height of the side wall in the direction perpendicular to the height of the side wall on the impeller side of the collection container is formed lower. The synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment apparatus according to 3 or 4 . 前記溶解槽の底部に、複数個の破砕板を設け、該破砕板を前記羽根車の回転方向にずらして配置してなる請求項1、2、3、4または5記載の合成樹脂廃棄物の溶解処理装置。The synthetic resin waste according to claim 1, 2, 3, 4, or 5 , wherein a plurality of crushing plates are provided at the bottom of the dissolution tank, and the crushing plates are arranged while being shifted in the rotation direction of the impeller. Dissolution processing equipment.
JP20759498A 1998-07-23 1998-07-23 Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4060954B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20759498A JP4060954B2 (en) 1998-07-23 1998-07-23 Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP20759498A JP4060954B2 (en) 1998-07-23 1998-07-23 Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment

Publications (2)

Publication Number Publication Date
JP2000037725A JP2000037725A (en) 2000-02-08
JP4060954B2 true JP4060954B2 (en) 2008-03-12

Family

ID=16542366

Family Applications (1)

Application Number Title Priority Date Filing Date
JP20759498A Expired - Fee Related JP4060954B2 (en) 1998-07-23 1998-07-23 Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment

Country Status (1)

Country Link
JP (1) JP4060954B2 (en)

Families Citing this family (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP3140351U (en) * 2007-08-21 2008-03-27 株式会社クリーンコアーズ Agricultural sludge removal treatment equipment
JP4554692B2 (en) * 2008-03-12 2010-09-29 三恵技研工業株式会社 Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment
CN111644452B (en) * 2020-07-07 2024-10-18 陕西清绿环保科技有限公司 High-temperature livestock carcass harmless treatment machine

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
JP2000037725A (en) 2000-02-08

Similar Documents

Publication Publication Date Title
JP2007098313A (en) Washing device for waste plastic sheet chip
TW590806B (en) Filter device
CN107309196B (en) Cleaning machine
JP4060954B2 (en) Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment
CN115304188A (en) Slaughter wastewater treatment and self-checking treatment tank based on internet of things technology
CN110065993A (en) A kind of waste oil collecting equipment
CN114850179A (en) Organic solid waste treatment equipment based on subcritical hydrolysis
CN118619428B (en) A dosing device and dosing method for sewage treatment
CN113814043A (en) A kind of Polygonatum rhizoma root breaking and cleaning device and method
JPH1033912A (en) Filtering method and apparatus therefor
JP2001262541A (en) Refuse removing equipment
CN220092320U (en) Machine-made sand cleaning equipment
CN108558022B (en) Fluidized bed sewage treatment device
CN212442325U (en) A kind of building protective net cleaning equipment
JPS5910321A (en) Dust collecting device
JP4330207B2 (en) Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment
JP4554692B2 (en) Synthetic resin waste dissolution treatment equipment
CN223615518U (en) Inner inflow type superfine grid machine
CN116675267B (en) A sludge removal device for a regulating tower and a regulating tower.
JP3774506B2 (en) Filtration device for chip conveyor
CN223874614U (en) Self-cleaning vertical dirt remover
CN212770246U (en) Organic wastewater treatment equipment difficult to degrade
CN222499371U (en) Phosphating production line
CN218709268U (en) Water circulation device for preventing and treating filamentous algae in tail water of sewage plant
CN219973120U (en) Self-cleaning grid dirt remover

Legal Events

Date Code Title Description
A621 Written request for application examination

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A621

Effective date: 20050720

A977 Report on retrieval

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A971007

Effective date: 20070419

A131 Notification of reasons for refusal

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A131

Effective date: 20070425

A521 Request for written amendment filed

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A523

Effective date: 20070621

TRDD Decision of grant or rejection written
A01 Written decision to grant a patent or to grant a registration (utility model)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A01

Effective date: 20071205

A61 First payment of annual fees (during grant procedure)

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: A61

Effective date: 20071221

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20101228

Year of fee payment: 3

R150 Certificate of patent or registration of utility model

Free format text: JAPANESE INTERMEDIATE CODE: R150

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111228

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20111228

Year of fee payment: 4

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121228

Year of fee payment: 5

FPAY Renewal fee payment (event date is renewal date of database)

Free format text: PAYMENT UNTIL: 20121228

Year of fee payment: 5

LAPS Cancellation because of no payment of annual fees