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JP4066082B2 - Microscope objective lens - Google Patents
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JP4066082B2 - Microscope objective lens - Google Patents

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JP4066082B2
JP4066082B2 JP33232397A JP33232397A JP4066082B2 JP 4066082 B2 JP4066082 B2 JP 4066082B2 JP 33232397 A JP33232397 A JP 33232397A JP 33232397 A JP33232397 A JP 33232397A JP 4066082 B2 JP4066082 B2 JP 4066082B2
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Prior art keywords
lens
lens group
microscope objective
group
positive
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JPH1184255A (en
Inventor
知彦 山広
智裕 宮下
康一 平賀
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Nikon Corp
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Nikon Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、落射照明用顕微鏡対物レンズ,特に像面が平坦なアクロマート級中倍落射照明用顕微鏡対物レンズに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
顕微鏡観察、特に顕微鏡写真撮影においては像面が平坦であることが望ましい。像面が平坦な顕微鏡対物レンズとして、例えば特公昭40−10710号公報、特開昭50−150451号公報又は特公昭47−36429号公報等に開示された顕微鏡対物レンズが知られている。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、特公昭40−10710号公報に開示された顕微鏡対物レンズでは、3群貼合レンズの物体側曲率半径が大きいため、レンズ面からの反射によるフレアが多く、コントラストの良い像が得られないという問題がある。また、像面の平坦性も不十分である。
【0004】
特開昭50−150451号公報に開示された顕微鏡対物レンズでは、作動距離と物体側先玉凹面側の曲率半径との値が近いため、落射照明を行った時、レンズ面からの反射によるフレアが多くなりコントラストの良い像が得られないので良好な観察が出来ないという問題がある。
【0005】
特公昭47−36429号公報に開示された顕微鏡対物レンズは、落射照明用であるが、前記特開昭50−150451号公報に開示されたレンズと同じように 作動距離と物体側先玉凹面側の曲率半径との値が近く、また空気面が多いので、レンズ面からの反射によるフレアが発生し、コントラストの良い像が得られないという問題がある。さらに、レンズ群数が多いため組み立て誤差に起因する偏芯の影響を受けやすいという問題もある。
【0006】
また、前記各公報に開示されているいずれの顕微鏡対物レンズも、いわゆるコンペンゼーション方式の対物レンズであるため、対物レンズ単独では使用できず専用の接眼レンズと組合せて使用する必要がある。また、作動距離も対物レンズ全体の焦点距離の30%程度しかないので十分ではない。
【0007】
本発明は、上記問題に鑑みてなされたものであり、作動距離が十分であり、落射照明によるフレア光が少なく、かつ像面が平坦な顕微鏡用対物レンズ、特にアクロマート級顕微鏡対物レンズを提供することを目的とする。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明による顕微鏡対物レンズは、上記問題点を解決するために、物体側より順に、正の屈折力を持つ第1レンズ群G1と、正の屈折力を持つ第2レンズ群G2と、負の屈折力を持つ第3レンズ群G3とから構成され、前記第1レンズ群G1は、物体側より順に、両凹負レンズと両凸正レンズとの貼合わせ(接合)レンズ成分からなり、前記第2レンズ群G2は、正の単レンズ、または物体側より順に正レンズと負レンズとを貼合わせ、物体側に凹面を向け負の屈折力を持つ接合面を有した接合レンズよりなり、前記第3レンズ群G3は、物体側より順に正レンズと、前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの接合レンズよりなり、前記第3レンズ群G3は、前記第1レンズ群G1と前記第2レンズ群G2の間の空気間隔よりも大きな空気間隔で前記第2レンズ群G2から隔てて設けられ、顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離をft、物体面と前記第1レンズ群G1との空気間隔をdo、前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合せレンズの物体側のレンズ面の曲率半径をrg1fとしたとき、
do/ft>0.3 (4)
|rg1f/do|>2 (5)
の条件を満足することを特徴とする。
【0009】
かかる構成により、第1レンズ群を負レンズと正レンズとの貼合わせ(接合)レンズにしているので、球面収差、軸上色収差及び倍率色収差を適切な収差バランスに整えることができる。尚、この貼合わせ面の曲率半径rg1c(>0)は、第1レンズ群の焦点距離をfg1(>0)としたとき、rg1c/fg1<1.5となることが好ましい。かかる条件を外れる場合には、倍率色収差を良好に補正できない。また、最物体側の面を凹面とすることにより、像面を平坦にすることができる。第1レンズ群G1は、両凹負レンズと両凸正レンズとの接合レンズ成分のみから構成されることがさらに好ましい。
【0010】
さらに、第2レンズ群を正レンズとすることにより発散光をより収束する方向に曲げており、第1レンズ群で補正過剰である軸上色収差を適正に補正することにも寄与している。
【0011】
また、第3レンズG3群は、正レンズと前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの接合レンズ成分から構成され、かつ第3レンズ群G3は、前記第1及び第2レンズ群の空気間隔よりも大きな空気間隔で前記第2レンズ群G2から隔てて設けられている。これにより倍率色収差及び像面補正ができる。また、結像側最終面を凹面とすることにより像の平坦性を確保することができる。第3レンズ群G3は、正レンズと前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの接合レンズ成分のみから構成されることがさらに好ましい。
【0012】
また、本発明による顕微鏡用対物レンズでは、前記第2レンズ群G2は空気間隔を有さないことが望ましい。好ましくは、第2群レンズG2は凸正レンズ1枚又は正レンズと負レンズの正接合レンズからなるのが望ましい。かかる構成により空気面が少なくなるのでフレアーの発生を抑えることが出来る。
【0013】
また、本発明による顕微鏡用対物レンズでは、以下の条件式(1)、
1.2<fg2/ft<2.4 (1)
を満足すること、又はさらに好ましくは以下の条件式(2)及び(3)、
νg1p−νg1n>35 (2)
νg2p>50 (3)
を満足することが望ましい。
【0014】
ここで、ftは前記顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離、
fg2は前記第2レンズ群G2の焦点距離、
νg1nは前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合わせレンズの前記負レンズのアッベ数、
νg1pは前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合わせレンズの前記正レンズのアッベ数、
νg2pは第2レンズ群G2の前記正レンズのアッベ数をそれぞれ表している。
【0015】
条件式(1)は、第2レンズ群G2のパワ−(屈折力)の適切な範囲を規定している。条件式(1)の上限値を超えると第2レンズ群のパワ−が強大になり過ぎるため球面収差が著しくアンダ−な状態となる。アンダーな球面収差を無理に補正すると、各レンズ面の曲率が強くなり(曲率半径が小さくなり)、外向性のコマ収差が発生し、かつ短波長側の球面収差が補正過剰になり好ましくない。逆に条件式(1)の下限値を下回ると第2レンズ群G2全体のパワ−が弱くなり過ぎるため第1レンズ群G1からの発散光を収束する方向に曲げることが不十分となり、内向性のコマ収差が発生してしまう。また結像倍率も小さくなってしまい所望の仕様を満足することが困難となる。
【0016】
条件式(2)及び(3)は、第1及び第2レンズ群における軸上色補正及び倍率色補正の条件を定めている。条件式(1)、(2)の下限値をそれぞれ下回ると、軸上色収差及び倍率色収差共、補正不足となるため好ましくない。
【0017】
また、本発明による顕微鏡用対物レンズでは、以下の条件式(4)及び(5)、
do/ft>0.3 (4)
|rg1f/do|>2 (5)
を満足すること、又はさらに好ましくは以下の条件式(6)、
|hg1b/(αg1b・rg1b)|>1.5 (6)
を満足することが望ましい。
【0018】
ここで、ftは前記顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離、
doは物体面と前記第1レンズ群G1との空気間隔、
rg1fは前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合せレンズの物体側のレンズ面の曲率半径、
αg1bは、前記顕微鏡用対物レンズが所定の結像面に前記物体を結像する時に、前記顕微鏡用対物レンズの最も前記結像面側のレンズ面から出射する光線の換算傾角αend(例えば、松居吉哉著「レンズ設計法」第20頁参照)を1とした場合の、前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合わせレンズ面から出射する近軸光線の換算傾角、
rg1bは、前記第1レンズ群の前記貼合レンズの前記結像面側のレンズ面の曲率半径、
hg1bは、前記顕微鏡用対物レンズの最も前記結像面側のレンズ面から射出する光線の換算傾角αendを1としたときの、前記第1レンズ群の前記貼合レンズから出射する近軸光線の換算高さをそれぞれ表している。
【0019】
条件式(4)及び(5)、または条件式(6)は、照明光が対物レンズの結像側面より入射したときの、レンズ面の反射により像まで到達する光、いわゆるフレア光を少なくするための条件式である。条件式(4)及び(5)は、フレア光を少なくするための第1レンズ群の物体側面の条件を、条件式(6)は像側面の条件を定めている。
【0020】
前述の条件式(1)又は(2)及び(3)を満足するレンズ系において、特にフレア光の発生し易い面として、第1レンズ群の物体側面及び像側面が挙げられる。条件式(4)及び(5)又は条件式(6)の下限値をそれぞれ下回ると、フレア光の量が多くなり、落射照明で観察したとき、像のコントラストが損なわれるため良好な観察を行うことが出来ない。
【0021】
また、本発明による顕微鏡対物レンズでは、以下の条件式(7)又は(8)、
ng3p−ng3n>0.08 (7)
ft・(1/ng3n−1)/rg3b<−0.45 (8)
を満足することが望ましい。
【0022】
ここで、ftは前記顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離、
ng3pは、前記第3レンズ群G3の前記貼合レンズの前記正レンズのd線(λ=587.56nm)に対する屈折率、
ng3nは、前記第3レンズ群G3の前記貼合レンズの前記負レンズのd線(λ=587.56nm)に対する屈折率、
rg3bは、前記第3レンズ群G3の前記貼合せレンズの物体側空間とは反対側のレンズ面の曲率半径をそれぞれ表している。
【0023】
条件式(7)は、像面補正及び像面の平坦性を得るために必要な第3レンズ群中の貼合わせレンズの硝材の条件を定めている。条件式(7)の下限値を下まわると、像面がマイナス側に傾きすぎ、また、像面の平坦性の確保が困難になる。
【0024】
条件式(8)は、像面補正及び像面の平坦性を得るために必要な第3レンズ群中の貼合わせレンズのパワーの条件を定めている。前述の条件式(4)及び(5)を満足するレンズ系では、フレア光の発生を抑えるため、第1レンズ群の物体側曲率半径を小さくすることができない。従って、像面の平坦性の確保は専ら第3レンズ群の像側曲率半径を小さくすることで行うことになる。このため、条件式(8)の上限値を上回ると、像の平坦性が損なわれることとなる。
【0025】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、添付図面に基づいて発明の実施の形態について説明する。
(第1実施例)
図1は、本発明の第1実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズのレンズ構成を示す図である。物体側より順に、物体側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズと正レンズとの貼合わせ(接合)レンズである、正の第1レンズ群G1と、正の屈折力を有する第2レンズ群G2と、正レンズと前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの貼合わせ(接合)レンズ成分からなる第3レンズG3群とから構成されており、前記第3レンズ群G3は、前記第1及び第2レンズ群の空気間隔よりも大きな空気間隔で前記第2レンズ群G2から隔てて設けられている。
【0026】
第1実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸元値及び条件対応値を表1に掲げる。表において、面番号は物体側からのレンズ面の番号、rは曲率半径、dはレンズ間隔、nはd線(λ=587.56nm)に対する屈折率、νはアッベ数をそれぞれ表している。これらの符号は以下すべての実施例において同様である。
【0027】
【表1】

Figure 0004066082
【0028】
図2に、第1実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差図を示す。これら収差図は、第1実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズと以下の表5に諸元値を掲げる結像レンズとを140mmの間隔で組み合わせたときの収差を示している。また、球面収差図中のCはC線(λ=656.28nm)、dはd線(λ=587.56nm)、FはF線(λ=486.13nm)、gはg線(λ=435.84nm)をそれぞれ示している。さらに、非点収差図において、実線はサジタル像面、破線はメリジオナル像面をそれぞれ表している。非点収差及びコマ収差、歪曲収差については、像高 Y=11mmまで示す。以下、全ての実施例において結像レンズとの組み合わせ条件および符号等は第1実施例と同様である。図からも明らかなように、極めて良好に諸収差が補正されているのがわかる。
【0029】
(第2実施例)
第2実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸元値及び条件対応値を表2に掲げる。なお、レンズ構成図は第1実施例と同じ構成であるため省略する。
【0030】
【表2】
Figure 0004066082
【0031】
図3に、第2実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差図を示す。図からも明らかなように、極めて良好に諸収差が補正されているのがわかる。
【0032】
(第3実施例)
図4は、本発明の第3実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズのレンズ構成を示す図である。物体側より順に、物体側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズと正レンズとの接合レンズである、正の第1レンズ群G1と、正レンズと負レンズの貼合わせレンズである正の第2レンズ群G2と、正レンズと前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの接合レンズ成分からなる第3レンズG3群とから構成されており、前記第3レンズ群G3は、前記第1及び第2レンズ群の空気間隔よりも大きな空気間隔で前記第2レンズ群G2から隔てて設けられている。
【0033】
第3実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸元値及び条件対応値を表3に掲げる。
【0034】
【表3】
Figure 0004066082
【0035】
図5に、第3実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差図を示す。図からも明らかなように、極めて良好に諸収差が補正されているのがわかる。
【0036】
(第4実施例)
図6は、本発明の第4実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズのレンズ構成を示す図である。物体側より順に、物体側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズと正レンズとの接合レンズである、正の第1レンズ群G1と、正の屈折力を有する第2レンズ群G2と、正レンズと前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの接合レンズ成分からなる第3レンズG3群とから構成されており、前記第3レンズ群G3は、前記第1及び第2レンズ群の空気間隔よりも大きな空気間隔で前記第2レンズ群G2から隔てて設けられている。
【0037】
第4実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸元値及び条件対応値を表4に掲げる。
【0038】
【表4】
Figure 0004066082
【0039】
図7に、第4実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差図を示す。図からも明らかなように、極めて良好に諸収差が補正されているのがわかる。
【0040】
上記各実施例の顕微鏡対物レンズは無限遠設計であり、例えば以下の表5に諸元値を示す結像レンズと組み合わせて使用される。
【0041】
【表5】
Figure 0004066082
【0042】
第1実施例乃至第4実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズと上記結像レンズの間の間隔は80mm〜200mmの間のいずれの位置でもよい。
【0043】
なお、本発明は以上の実施例に限定されるものではない。第1乃至第4実施例では無限遠系の対物レンズであったが、第3群を少し変形することにより、容易に有限系の対物にすることが可能である。また、本発明による顕微鏡対物レンズは落射照明のみならず乾燥系顕微鏡用として一般に使用できるのは言うまでもない。
【0044】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によればフレア光が極めて少なく、しかも像面が平坦なアクロマ−ト級中倍落射照明用顕微鏡対物レンズを得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1実施例及び第2実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズのレンズ構成を示す図である。
【図2】本発明の第1実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差を示す図である。
【図3】本発明の第2実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差を示す図である。
【図4】本発明の第3実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズのレンズ構成を示す図である。
【図5】本発明の第3実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差を示す図である。
【図6】本発明の第4実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズのレンズ構成を示す図である。
【図7】本発明の第4実施例にかかる顕微鏡対物レンズの諸収差を示す図である。
【符号の説明】
G1 第1レンズ群
G2 第2レンズ群
G3 第3レンズ群[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a microscope objective lens for epi-illumination, and more particularly to a microscope objective lens for an achromat-grade medium epi-illumination with a flat image surface.
[0002]
[Prior art]
It is desirable that the image plane be flat in microscopic observation, particularly in microscopic photography. As a microscope objective lens having a flat image surface, for example, a microscope objective lens disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-10710, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-150451, Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-36429, and the like is known.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the microscope objective lens disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 40-10710, since the object-side radius of curvature of the third group cemented lens is large, flare due to reflection from the lens surface is large, and an image with good contrast cannot be obtained. There is a problem. Also, the flatness of the image surface is insufficient.
[0004]
In the microscope objective lens disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 50-150451, since the working distance and the radius of curvature of the object-side front lens concave surface are close to each other, flare caused by reflection from the lens surface when incident illumination is performed. There is a problem that an image with good contrast cannot be obtained and good observation cannot be performed.
[0005]
Although the microscope objective lens disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 47-36429 is for epi-illumination, the working distance and the object-side front lens concave surface side are the same as the lens disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 50-150451. Since the radius of curvature is close and the air surface is large, there is a problem that flare due to reflection from the lens surface occurs and an image with good contrast cannot be obtained. Furthermore, since there are many lens groups, there also exists a problem that it is easy to receive the influence of eccentricity resulting from an assembly error.
[0006]
Further, since any microscope objective lens disclosed in each of the above publications is a so-called compensation type objective lens, the objective lens cannot be used alone and must be used in combination with a dedicated eyepiece. Further, the working distance is not sufficient because it is only about 30% of the focal length of the entire objective lens.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and provides a microscope objective lens, particularly an achromat microscope objective lens, which has a sufficient working distance, little flare light due to epi-illumination, and a flat image surface. For the purpose.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the microscope objective lens according to the present invention, in order from the object side, a first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, and a negative The first lens group G1 is composed of a cemented (junction) lens component of a biconcave negative lens and a biconvex positive lens in order from the object side. The second lens group G2 includes a positive single lens, or a cemented lens having a cemented surface having a negative refractive power with a concave surface facing the object side, which is bonded in order from the object side. The third lens group G3 is composed of a cemented lens of a positive lens in order from the object side and a negative lens having a concave surface directed to the side opposite to the object side. The third lens group G3 includes the first lens group. Air spacing between G1 and the second lens group G2 Ri also provided apart from the second lens group G2 with a large air gap, the focal length of the entire objective lens microscope ft, the air gap between the object plane a first lens group G1 do, the first lens group When the radius of curvature of the object-side lens surface of the cemented lens of G1 is rg1f,
do / ft> 0.3 (4)
| Rg1f / do |> 2 (5)
It satisfies the following conditions.
[0009]
With this configuration, since the first lens group is a cemented lens of a negative lens and a positive lens, spherical aberration, axial chromatic aberration, and lateral chromatic aberration can be adjusted to an appropriate aberration balance. The radius of curvature rg1c (> 0) of the bonded surface is preferably rg1c / fg1 <1.5 when the focal length of the first lens group is fg1 (> 0). If this condition is not satisfied, the lateral chromatic aberration cannot be corrected satisfactorily. In addition, the image surface can be flattened by making the most object side surface concave. More preferably, the first lens group G1 includes only a cemented lens component of a biconcave negative lens and a biconvex positive lens.
[0010]
Furthermore, by making the second lens group a positive lens, the divergent light is bent in a direction that converges more, contributing to the appropriate correction of axial chromatic aberration that is excessively corrected in the first lens group.
[0011]
The third lens group G3 includes a cemented lens component of a positive lens and a negative lens having a concave surface directed to the side opposite to the object side, and the third lens group G3 includes the first and first lenses. The second lens group G2 is spaced apart from the second lens group G2 by an air interval larger than the air interval of the two lens groups. Thereby, lateral chromatic aberration and image plane correction can be performed. Further, the flatness of the image can be ensured by making the final surface on the imaging side concave. It is further preferable that the third lens group G3 includes only a cemented lens component of a positive lens and a negative lens having a concave surface directed toward the opposite side to the object side.
[0012]
In the microscope objective lens according to the present invention, it is preferable that the second lens group G2 has no air gap. It is preferable that the second group lens G2 is composed of one convex positive lens or a positive cemented lens of a positive lens and a negative lens. Since the air surface is reduced by such a configuration, the occurrence of flare can be suppressed.
[0013]
In the microscope objective lens according to the present invention, the following conditional expression (1),
1.2 <fg2 / ft <2.4 (1)
Or more preferably, the following conditional expressions (2) and (3):
νg1p−νg1n> 35 (2)
νg2p> 50 (3)
It is desirable to satisfy
[0014]
Where ft is the focal length of the entire microscope objective lens,
fg2 is a focal length of the second lens group G2,
νg1n is the Abbe number of the negative lens of the cemented lens of the first lens group G1,
νg1p is the Abbe number of the positive lens of the cemented lens of the first lens group G1,
νg2p represents the Abbe number of the positive lens in the second lens group G2.
[0015]
Conditional expression (1) defines an appropriate range of power (refractive power) of the second lens group G2. If the upper limit value of conditional expression (1) is exceeded, the power of the second lens group becomes too strong, and the spherical aberration becomes extremely understated. If the under spherical aberration is forcibly corrected, the curvature of each lens surface becomes strong (the radius of curvature becomes small), an outward coma occurs, and the spherical aberration on the short wavelength side is overcorrected, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the lower limit value of conditional expression (1) is not reached, the power of the entire second lens group G2 becomes too weak, so that the divergent light from the first lens group G1 cannot be bent in the converging direction and is inwardly oriented. The coma aberration will occur. In addition, the imaging magnification is also reduced, making it difficult to satisfy desired specifications.
[0016]
Conditional expressions (2) and (3) define conditions for on-axis color correction and magnification color correction in the first and second lens groups. If the lower limit value of each of conditional expressions (1) and (2) is not reached, both axial chromatic aberration and lateral chromatic aberration are insufficiently corrected.
[0017]
In the microscope objective lens according to the present invention, the following conditional expressions (4) and (5):
do / ft> 0.3 (4)
| Rg1f / do |> 2 (5)
Or more preferably, the following conditional expression (6):
| Hg1b / (αg1b · rg1b) |> 1.5 (6)
It is desirable to satisfy
[0018]
Where ft is the focal length of the entire microscope objective lens,
do is the air space between the object plane and the first lens group G1,
rg1f is a radius of curvature of the lens surface on the object side of the cemented lens of the first lens group G1,
αg1b is a converted tilt angle αend (for example, Matsui) of light emitted from the lens surface closest to the imaging plane of the microscope objective lens when the microscope objective lens images the object on a predetermined imaging plane. The conversion inclination angle of the paraxial light beam emitted from the bonded lens surface of the first lens group G1 when “1.
rg1b is a radius of curvature of the lens surface on the imaging surface side of the bonded lens in the first lens group,
hg1b is a paraxial light beam emitted from the bonded lens in the first lens group when the converted inclination angle αend of the light beam emitted from the lens surface closest to the imaging plane of the microscope objective lens is 1. Each converted height is shown.
[0019]
Conditional expressions (4) and (5) or conditional expression (6) reduces the light that reaches the image by reflection of the lens surface when illumination light enters from the imaging side surface of the objective lens, so-called flare light. Is a conditional expression. Conditional expressions (4) and (5) define conditions on the object side surface of the first lens group for reducing flare light, and conditional expression (6) defines conditions on the image side surface.
[0020]
In the lens system that satisfies the above-described conditional expressions (1) or (2) and (3), the object side surface and the image side surface of the first lens group can be cited as surfaces on which flare light is particularly likely to occur. If the lower limit value of each of conditional expressions (4) and (5) or conditional expression (6) is exceeded, the amount of flare light increases, and the image contrast is impaired when observed with epi-illumination. I can't.
[0021]
In the microscope objective lens according to the present invention, the following conditional expression (7) or (8):
ng3p-ng3n> 0.08 (7)
ft · (1 / ng3n−1) / rg3b <−0.45 (8)
It is desirable to satisfy
[0022]
Where ft is the focal length of the entire microscope objective lens,
ng3p is the refractive index of the cemented lens of the third lens group G3 with respect to the d-line (λ = 587.56 nm) of the positive lens,
ng3n is a refractive index with respect to d line (λ = 587.56 nm) of the negative lens of the cemented lens of the third lens group G3,
rg3b represents the radius of curvature of the lens surface of the third lens group G3 opposite to the object side space of the cemented lens.
[0023]
Conditional expression (7) defines the condition of the glass material of the cemented lens in the third lens group necessary for obtaining image plane correction and image plane flatness. If the lower limit value of conditional expression (7) is not reached, the image plane is inclined too much to the negative side, and it becomes difficult to ensure the flatness of the image plane.
[0024]
Conditional expression (8) defines the power condition of the cemented lens in the third lens group necessary for obtaining image plane correction and image plane flatness. In the lens system that satisfies the conditional expressions (4) and (5), the object-side radius of curvature of the first lens group cannot be reduced in order to suppress the generation of flare light. Therefore, the flatness of the image surface is ensured exclusively by reducing the image-side radius of curvature of the third lens group. For this reason, if it exceeds the upper limit of conditional expression (8), the flatness of the image will be impaired.
[0025]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
(First embodiment)
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a lens configuration of a microscope objective lens according to the first example of the present invention. In order from the object side, a positive first lens group G1 which is a bonded (bonded) lens of a negative lens having a concave surface directed toward the object side and a positive lens, and a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power. And a third lens group G3 composed of a bonded (junction) lens component of a positive lens and a negative lens having a concave surface facing away from the object side, and the third lens group G3 Are provided apart from the second lens group G2 at an air interval larger than the air interval between the first and second lens groups.
[0026]
Table 1 lists specification values and condition corresponding values of the microscope objective lens according to the first example. In the table, the surface number is the lens surface number from the object side, r is the radius of curvature, d is the lens spacing, n is the refractive index for the d-line (λ = 587.56 nm), and ν is the Abbe number. These symbols are the same in all the embodiments below.
[0027]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004066082
[0028]
FIG. 2 shows various aberration diagrams of the microscope objective lens according to the first example. These aberration diagrams show aberrations when the microscope objective lens according to the first example and the imaging lens whose specification values are listed in Table 5 below are combined at an interval of 140 mm. Further, in the spherical aberration diagram, C is C line (λ = 656.28 nm), d is d line (λ = 587.56 nm), F is F line (λ = 486.13 nm), and g is g line (λ = 435.84 nm), respectively. Further, in the astigmatism diagram, the solid line represents the sagittal image plane, and the broken line represents the meridional image plane. Astigmatism, coma and distortion are shown up to an image height Y = 11 mm. Hereinafter, in all the examples, the combination conditions, symbols, and the like with the imaging lens are the same as those in the first example. As is apparent from the figure, it is understood that various aberrations are corrected extremely well.
[0029]
(Second embodiment)
Table 2 shows specification values and condition corresponding values of the microscope objective lens according to the second example. The lens configuration diagram is the same as that of the first embodiment, and is omitted.
[0030]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004066082
[0031]
FIG. 3 shows various aberration diagrams of the microscope objective lens according to the second example. As is apparent from the figure, it is understood that various aberrations are corrected extremely well.
[0032]
(Third embodiment)
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a lens configuration of a microscope objective lens according to the third example of the present invention. In order from the object side, a positive first lens group G1 that is a cemented lens of a negative lens having a concave surface directed toward the object side and a positive lens, and a positive second lens that is a bonded lens of the positive lens and the negative lens. The third lens group G3 includes a lens group G2, and a third lens group G3 including a cemented lens component of a positive lens and a negative lens having a concave surface facing the object side. The first lens group G2 is spaced apart from the second lens group G2 with an air gap larger than the air gap between the first and second lens groups.
[0033]
Table 3 shows specification values and condition corresponding values of the microscope objective lens according to the third example.
[0034]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004066082
[0035]
FIG. 5 shows various aberrations of the microscope objective lens according to the third example. As is apparent from the figure, it is understood that various aberrations are corrected extremely well.
[0036]
(Fourth embodiment)
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a lens configuration of a microscope objective lens according to the fourth example of the present invention. In order from the object side, a positive first lens group G1, which is a cemented lens of a negative lens having a concave surface directed toward the object side and a positive lens, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, and a positive lens And a third lens group G3 composed of a cemented lens component with a negative lens having a concave surface directed to the opposite side to the object side, and the third lens group G3 includes the first and second lenses. The second lens group G2 is provided at an air interval larger than the air interval of the lens group.
[0037]
Table 4 shows specification values and condition corresponding values of the microscope objective lens according to the fourth example.
[0038]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004066082
[0039]
FIG. 7 shows various aberration diagrams of the microscope objective lens according to the fourth example. As is apparent from the figure, it is understood that various aberrations are corrected extremely well.
[0040]
The microscope objective lens of each of the above embodiments is designed at infinity, and is used in combination with, for example, an imaging lens having the specification values shown in Table 5 below.
[0041]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004066082
[0042]
The interval between the microscope objective lens according to the first to fourth embodiments and the imaging lens may be any position between 80 mm and 200 mm.
[0043]
In addition, this invention is not limited to the above Example. In the first to fourth embodiments, the infinity objective lens is used. However, it is possible to easily make a finite objective by slightly modifying the third group. Needless to say, the microscope objective lens according to the present invention can be generally used not only for epi-illumination but also for a dry microscope.
[0044]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is possible to obtain a microscope objective lens for an achromat-grade medium incident epi-illumination with very little flare light and a flat image surface.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a lens configuration of a microscope objective lens according to first and second examples of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing various aberrations of the microscope objective lens according to the first example of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing various aberrations of the microscope objective lens according to the second example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a lens configuration of a microscope objective lens according to a third example of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing various aberrations of the microscope objective lens according to the third example of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a lens configuration of a microscope objective lens according to a fourth example of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing various aberrations of the microscope objective lens according to the fourth example of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
G1 First lens group G2 Second lens group G3 Third lens group

Claims (4)

物体側より順に、正の屈折力を持つ第1レンズ群G1と、正の屈折力を持つ第2レンズ群G2と、負の屈折力を持つ第3レンズ群G3とから構成され、
前記第1レンズ群G1は、物体側より順に、両凹負レンズと両凸正レンズとの貼合わせレンズ成分からなり、
前記第2レンズ群G2は、正の単レンズ、または物体側より順に正レンズと負レンズとを貼合わせ、物体側に凹面を向け負の屈折力を持つ接合面を有した接合レンズよりなり、
前記第3レンズ群G3は、物体側より順に正レンズと、前記物体側とは反対側に向けられた凹面を有する負レンズとの接合レンズよりなり、
前記第3レンズ群G3は、前記第1レンズ群G1と前記第2レンズ群G2の間の空気間隔よりも大きな空気間隔で前記第2レンズ群G2から隔てて設けられ、
顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離をft、
物体面と前記第1レンズ群G1との空気間隔をdo、
前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合せレンズの物体側のレンズ面の曲率半径をrg1fとしたとき、
do/ft>0.3 (4)
|rg1f/do|>2 (5)
の条件を満足することを特徴とする顕微鏡用対物レンズ。
In order from the object side, the first lens group G1 having a positive refractive power, a second lens group G2 having a positive refractive power, and a third lens group G3 having a negative refractive power,
The first lens group G1 includes, in order from the object side, a cemented lens component of a biconcave negative lens and a biconvex positive lens,
The second lens group G2 is composed of a positive single lens, or a cemented lens having a cemented surface having a negative refractive power with a concave surface facing the object side, in order from the object side.
The third lens group G3 is composed of a cemented lens of a positive lens in order from the object side and a negative lens having a concave surface directed to the side opposite to the object side.
The third lens group G3 is provided apart from the second lens group G2 at an air interval larger than the air interval between the first lens group G1 and the second lens group G2.
The focal length of the whole microscope objective lens is ft,
The air gap between the object plane and the first lens group G1 is do,
When the radius of curvature of the lens surface on the object side of the bonded lens in the first lens group G1 is rg1f,
do / ft> 0.3 (4)
| Rg1f / do |> 2 (5)
The objective lens for microscopes characterized by satisfying the following conditions.
前記顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離をft、
前記第2レンズ群G2の焦点距離をfg2、
前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合わせレンズの前記負レンズのアッベ数をνg1n、
前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合わせレンズの前記正レンズのアッベ数をνg1p、
前記第2レンズ群G2の正レンズのアッベ数をνg2pとしたとき、
1.2<fg2/ft<2.4 (1)
νg1p−νg1n>35 (2)
νg2p>50 (3)
の条件を満足することを特徴とする請求項1に記載の顕微鏡用対物レンズ。
The focal length of the whole microscope objective lens is ft,
The focal length of the second lens group G2 is fg2,
The Abbe number of the negative lens of the cemented lens of the first lens group G1 is νg1n,
The Abbe number of the positive lens of the bonded lens in the first lens group G1 is νg1p,
When the Abbe number of the positive lens of the second lens group G2 is νg2p,
1.2 <fg2 / ft <2.4 (1)
νg1p−νg1n> 35 (2)
νg2p> 50 (3)
The microscope objective lens according to claim 1, wherein the following condition is satisfied.
前記顕微鏡用対物レンズは所定の結像面に前記物体を結像し、
前記顕微鏡用対物レンズの最も前記結像面側のレンズ面から出射する光線の換算傾角αendを1とした場合の、前記第1レンズ群G1の前記貼合わせレンズ面から出射する近軸光線の換算傾角をαg1b、
前記第1レンズ群の前記貼合レンズの前記結像面側のレンズ面の曲率半径をrg1b、
前記顕微鏡用対物レンズの最も前記結像面側のレンズ面から射出する光線の換算傾角αendを1としたときの、前記第1レンズ群の前記貼合レンズから出射する近軸光線の換算高さをhg1bとしたとき、
|hg1b/(αg1b・rg1b)|>1.5 (6)
の条件を満足することを特徴とする請求項1または2に記載の顕微鏡用対物レンズ。
The microscope objective lens images the object on a predetermined image plane,
Conversion of paraxial light emitted from the bonded lens surface of the first lens group G1 when the converted inclination angle αend of light emitted from the lens surface closest to the imaging surface of the microscope objective lens is 1. The inclination angle is αg1b,
The radius of curvature of the lens surface on the imaging surface side of the bonded lens in the first lens group is rg1b,
The converted height of the paraxial light beam emitted from the bonded lens in the first lens group when the converted inclination angle αend of the light beam emitted from the lens surface closest to the imaging plane of the microscope objective lens is 1. Is hg1b,
| Hg1b / (αg1b · rg1b) |> 1.5 (6)
Microscope objective according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by satisfying the condition.
前記顕微鏡用対物レンズ全体の焦点距離をft、
前記第3レンズ群G3の前記貼合レンズの前記正レンズのd線(λ=587.56nm)に対する屈折率をng3p、
前記第3レンズ群G3の前記貼合レンズの前記負レンズのd線(λ=587.56nm)に対する屈折率をng3n、
前記第3レンズ群G3の前記貼合せレンズの物体側空間とは反対側のレンズ面の曲率半径をrg3bとしたとき、
ng3p−ng3n>0.08 (7)
ft・(1/ng3n−1)/rg3b<−0.45 (8)
の条件を満足することを特徴とする請求項1からのいずれか1項に記載の顕微鏡用対物レンズ。
The focal length of the whole microscope objective lens is ft,
The refractive index with respect to the d-line (λ = 587.56 nm) of the positive lens of the cemented lens of the third lens group G3 is ng3p,
The refractive index of the bonded lens of the third lens group G3 with respect to the d-line (λ = 587.56 nm) of the negative lens is ng3n,
When the radius of curvature of the lens surface of the third lens group G3 opposite to the object side space of the bonded lens is rg3b,
ng3p-ng3n> 0.08 (7)
ft · (1 / ng3n−1) / rg3b <−0.45 (8)
The microscope objective lens according to any one of claims 1 to 3 , wherein the following condition is satisfied.
JP33232397A 1997-07-09 1997-11-18 Microscope objective lens Expired - Lifetime JP4066082B2 (en)

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