JP4066299B2 - Structural design support device for wooden houses - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a housing structure planning support method in which the strength of component materials is determined using a computer at the time of housing design so that an appropriate joint hardware can be selected.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In the conventional frame construction method, which is the mainstream of Japan's wooden construction method, for example, a pillar is set up on a base and a frame is constituted by beams and girders. Such joining of structural materials such as foundations, columns, beams, girders and the like is performed by a joining structure in which a concave portion and a convex portion called a joint are combined.
[0003]
However, when a horizontal force is applied to the timber structure due to an earthquake or wind, a force in the direction of being pulled out from the base (horizontal material) is applied to the column. For the purpose of obtaining strength that can withstand this pull-out force, it is generally performed to join the base and the pillar with a joint metal such as a piece of metal or a gargle without relying solely on the joint. .
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, conventionally, the selection of the joint metal is determined based on experience, and there are cases where a joint metal that is more than necessary or insufficient in strength is used.
[0005]
An object of the present invention is to provide a method of selecting a metal fitting for a building that can select an appropriate metal fitting so as not to cause a deficiency in the pulling strength.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-described problem, the structural design support device for a wooden house according to the present invention inputs floor plan data to a computer, and types of joint hardware to be attached between a pillar and a horizontal member constituting the wooden house and In order to determine the number, an arithmetic program having the following configuration is installed in the computer.
[1] The calculation program includes a design load calculation program for calculating a design load based on the input design information, information on the construction area, and floor plan data.
[2] The calculation program includes a coordinate data conversion program for converting a bearing wall, a normal wall, a column member, and a horizontal member into coordinate data in order to identify them in the same coordinate system, based on the input sketch data. Be included.
[3] The calculation program receives the results of the calculation processing by the design load calculation program and the coordinate data conversion program, and calculates the effective wall amount and wall strength for each layer of the wooden house under consideration. Include a horizontal force study program for comparing and examining whether or not the design requirements for earthquake force and wind pressure are satisfied.
[4] The calculation program includes a pull-out force calculation program for selecting a column sequentially and calculating a pull-out force applied to the column in response to a calculation processing result by the horizontal force examination program. .
[5] The calculation program sequentially selects the columns and receives the result of the calculation processing by the coordinate data conversion program to determine whether or not the columns are corner columns arranged at the corners of the house. A corner discriminating program is included.
[6] For selecting the columns in the calculation program sequentially and joining the columns and the horizontal member depending on whether the column is a corner column based on the determination result of the corner column determination program. By determining the type of joint hardware and determining whether the same kind or different kinds of joint hardware should be added depending on whether the calculation result of the pull-out force calculation program for the column exceeds a predetermined value, Includes a joint hardware determination program to determine the type and number of joint hardware to be installed between the column and the horizontal member.
[0007]
In the present invention , the shape data of the building is input, the drawing force is calculated by the structural calculation from the load applied to the structural material of the building, and the joining hardware is selected according to the drawing force. For this reason, it is possible to select the metal fittings so that the pulling force does not become excessive or insufficient.
[0008]
The structural design support device for a wooden house of the present invention may further include the following configuration.
[7] The calculation program includes a plan print with joint hardware information for receiving a result of the determination by the joint hardware determination program and printing out a plan in which the type and number of the determined joint hardware are entered. A program is included.
[0009]
By providing the structure of [7], the shape data of the building is input, the drawing force is calculated by the structural calculation from the load applied to the building material, and the joint hardware is selected according to the drawing force. Display on construction drawings. For this reason, it is possible to select the metal fittings so that the pulling force does not become excessive or insufficient. Moreover, the construction which attaches a joint metal fitting can be performed based on this display.
[0010]
[0011]
[0012]
[0013]
[0014]
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In this embodiment, a house is designed while inputting the house specifications and shape data on the screen of a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer), and at the same time, the selection of joint hardware and the strength check of beams, columns and foundations are performed. It is like that. First, a procedure for inputting house specification data and shape data into a personal computer and a design process will be described with reference to flowcharts of FIGS. Here, the floor plan of the first floor base of the two-story house to be designed is shown in FIG. 1, and the floor plan of the second floor floor is shown in FIG.
[0016]
FIG. 5 shows a main routine for performing the structural design method for a building according to the first embodiment. First, after initial conditions are input in S100, position data such as columns and beams are processed to complete the initial condition setting. Subsequently, in S200, the horizontal load such as seismic force and wind pressure is examined, the long-term axial force is calculated from the load area and design load of each column (S300), and the short-term axial force of each column due to snow / horizontal force (S400). ) Is calculated. Finally, in step S500, the beam is improved by increasing the beam length of the large beam and the column, as required for strength.
[0017]
Here, the initial condition setting in S100 described above will be described in more detail with reference to FIG. 6 showing a subroutine of the processing. In S110, the house design / property information is input. Here, information such as the type of roof necessary for calculating the load and the heavy objects to be stored is input. In S120, the area where the house is built is entered. As will be described later, when the load at the time of snow accumulation is obtained, the snow amount serving as a reference varies depending on the region, and thus the snow amount is specified by specifying the region. Subsequently, in S130, the data of the first and second floor plans shown in FIGS. As the data of this map, data generated by a precut system in order to precut the timber for the house can be used.
[0018]
Subsequently, in S140, an assumed load such as a fixed load and a loaded load for each layer (floor) is set. Fixed load is the weight of the building such as pillars and beams that make up the building. Therefore, these loads are totaled depending on the constituent materials. The loaded load is the weight of an object or a person stored in the building. Here, a fixed load and a loaded load on the first layer (floor) are assumed, and a fixed load and a loaded load are similarly assumed on the second layer (floor).
[0019]
When the setting of the assumed load in each layer (floor) in S140 is completed, the design load for each layer (floor) is calculated in S150. A load obtained by adding up the fixed load and the loaded load in each layer (floor) is a design load, and a structure calculation is performed based on this information data to calculate material arrangement coordinate data.
[0020]
In step S160, the position data is converted. First, the coordinate position data and wall magnification αi of each layer (floor) and each bearing wall are converted into (Xi, Yi, Xj, Yj, αi). That is, as shown in FIG. 12, the coordinates (Xi, Yi, Xj, Yj) of both ends of the bearing wall W are obtained, and the bearing wall W can be specified by the coordinates. Similarly, normal wall (outer wall / inner wall) position data is converted to (Xi, Yi, Xj, Yj), column position data and width angle d, and grade number n are changed to (Xi, Yi, d, n). Conversion, and finally, the beam position data, width d, formation h, and grade number n are converted into (Xi, Yi, Xj, Yj, d, h, n). When the conversion of all the position data is completed, the initial condition setting (S100) subroutine ends.
[0021]
Next, the examination for the horizontal load in S200 in FIG. 5 showing the main routine will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 7 showing the subroutine of the processing. In S210, the effective wall amount and wall strength for each layer (floor), between beams, and in the direction of the beam are calculated. Here, the load-bearing wall is a wall body that opposes the vertical force due to the horizontal force, the building's own weight, and the like, and the length of each load-bearing wall is multiplied by the wall magnification, and the total is the effective wall amount. The wall strength is obtained by multiplying the effective wall amount by 200 kgf / m. Next, the required wall quantity for the seismic force / wind pressure is calculated (S212). Here, adjustment is made so that the ratio of the effective wall amount to the required wall amount is 1.0 or more, and the examination of the wall amount is completed.
[0022]
In S214, the seismic force and the wind pressure are calculated, and subsequently in S216, the ratio of the proof stress to the horizontal force in the seismic force / wind pressure is adjusted to 1.0 or less, and the study of the proof strength is finished. Next, in S218, the interlayer deformation angle and the rigidity are examined. In order for the outer wall material to follow the structure and not fall off, an interlayer deformation angle of 1/200 or less and a rigidity of 0.6 or more are required. In particular, in a two-story wooden building, the interlayer deformation angle is 1/120 or less. In this step, the interlayer deformation angle is adjusted to be 1/200 (1/120) or less and the rigidity is 0.6 or more, and if confirmed, the process proceeds to the next step.
[0023]
In S220, the eccentricity is examined. The deviation between the center of gravity of each floor plane and the center of rigidity of the bearing wall is the eccentricity, and if the eccentricity is 0.15 or less, the building has a good balance of the bearing walls. In this step, if adjustment is made so that the eccentricity is 0.15 or less, this step is terminated, and the process proceeds to S222.
[0024]
In S222, the retained horizontal strength is examined. Here, the horizontal strength in the final state is the retained horizontal strength. Adjustment is made so that the ratio of the retained horizontal strength of each layer (floor) to the required retained horizontal strength of each layer (floor) is 1.0 or less, and if confirmed, the process proceeds to the next step.
[0025]
Finally, a process of selecting a metal joint is performed in S230. When the process in S230 is completed, the subroutine for the study on the horizontal load (S200) is terminated.
[0026]
The joint metal selection process in step 230 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 8 showing a subroutine of the process. First, a column to be joined to the horizontal member is selected (S232), and a drawing force applied to the column is calculated (S234) . Here, the extraction force (the extraction force due to the short-term stress of the column: t) VT is calculated by the following equation.
[Expression 1]
V = (Qh / l) β-VL
Here, Q is the seismic force or wind pressure, h is the distance between the fulcrum of the columns of the bearing wall, l is the distance between the columns of the bearing wall, β is the coefficient of the pressing effect depending on the position of the bearing wall (0.5 to 1.0). ), VL represents the axial force of the column.
[Expression 2]
VT = ΣVS × β-VL
Here, ΣVS represents the total axial force of the column generated by the horizontal force. Here, the drawing-out force calculated about each column in the plan shown in FIG. 1 is shown in FIG. In addition, the upper stage of the numerical value surrounded by the square represents the pulling force in the X-axis direction, and the lower stage represents the pulling force in the Y-axis direction. In addition, a column without a numerical value indicates that the pulling force is so small that it can be ignored.
[0027]
Subsequently, it is determined whether the pillar is arranged at the corner of the house (S236). That is, when it is disposed at a corner like a column (corner column) H1 in FIG. 1, an L-shaped joint metal CP is formed between the horizontal member O1 and the horizontal member O1, as shown in FIG. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 13B, a V-shaped joint metal (mountain metal) VP is attached between the horizontal member O1 except for the corner as in the column H2 in FIG. For this reason, the position of the pillar is determined.
[0028]
First, the case where the corner pillar H1 is processed will be described (S326: Yes). It is determined whether the pulling force exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 0.5 t) (S240). Here, when it is less than the predetermined value (S240: No), since one L-shaped joint metal CP can withstand the pulling force, one L-shaped joint metal CP is selected (S242). On the other hand, if it exceeds the predetermined value (S240: Yes), since one piece cannot withstand the pulling force, two L-shaped joining hardware CP are selected (S244), as shown in FIG. 13 (A). Let the construction work. Then, it is determined whether or not the selection of the joint hardware has been completed for all the columns (S250). Until the selection is completed (S250: No), the process returns to S232, and the joint hardware is selected for the next pillar.
[0029]
Processing when the column is not a corner column will be described (S326: No). First, it is determined whether the pulling force exceeds a predetermined value (for example, 0.5 t) (S238). Here, if it is less than the predetermined value (S238: No), one V-shaped joint metal VP can withstand the pulling force, so one V-shaped joint metal VP is selected (S246). On the other hand, when the predetermined value is exceeded (S238: Yes), since one V-shaped joint metal VP cannot withstand the pulling force, the joint metal C for corners is combined with the V-shaped joint metal VP. Is selected (S248). Unlike the L-shaped joint metal CP, two V-shaped joint metal VPs cannot be attached to the pillar, so they can be attached to the side of the V-shaped joint metal VP as shown in FIG. Select a fitting metal C for a corner. Then, when all the selection of the joint hardware is completed for all the columns (S250: Yes), the type and number of the joint hardware are shown in the floor plan of each floor (the first floor base part, the second floor floor beam part, the roof beam part). Insert and display (S252). Here, FIG. 4 shows a display of the joint hardware attached to the first floor base.
[0030]
When printing is instructed by the operator (S254: Yes), a sketch including the display of the joint hardware shown in FIG. 4 is printed (S256). With the printed matter, the site worker can easily attach the joint hardware, and can confirm whether the joint hardware has been correctly attached after construction.
[0031]
Next, S500 (column / large beam correction) shown in FIG. 5 showing the main routine will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. First, it is determined whether all calculations have been completed (S502). Before the calculation is completed (S502: No), unselected large beams are selected in S510. Thereafter, the span L is confirmed in S520. For example, when there is a pipe column below the large beam, the span between the end of the large beam and the tube column and the span between the tube column and the other end of the large beam are confirmed. When there are beams, joists, etc. on the horizontal member, check the load span in the same way. When this confirmation is completed, the process moves to the next S530.
[0032]
In S530, the load type applied to the girder is selected. As will be described later, the load type is determined by the type and span of the horizontal member on the girder. When the selection of the load format is completed, the structure calculation is performed from the load format and the beam verification formula (S540).
[0033]
In S550, it is determined whether there is an unselected large beam. If there is an unselected large beam (S550: Yes), the process returns to S510 and the same processing is repeated. When all the beams are selected and the calculation is completed (S550: No), the process waits for designation of display of the calculation result (S560).
[0034]
The selection of the load type applied to the girder in S530 described above will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 10 showing the subroutine of the processing. First, in S531, it is determined whether a beam or a column exists on the designated large beam. When a beam or a column exists (S531: Yes), the process proceeds to S538, and it is determined that the designated large beam receives only a concentrated load.
[0035]
On the other hand, if the beam or the column does not exist (S531: No), the process proceeds to S532, and it is determined whether the designated large beam is covered with joists and the beam or the column exists. If the joist is spanned and a beam or a column is present (S532: Yes), the process proceeds to S539, and it is determined that the designated large beam has received an evenly distributed load and a concentrated load.
[0036]
Here, when the joist is not applied to the large beam and the beam or the column does not exist (S532: No), the process proceeds to S533, and it is determined whether or not there is a joist on the designated large beam. If there is a joist (S533: Yes), the process proceeds to S537, where it is determined that the designated girder receives only the evenly distributed load.
[0037]
If there is no joist on the designated beam (S533: No), the process proceeds to S534 to determine whether there is an inner wall on the beam. If there is an inner wall (S534: Yes), the process proceeds to S537 in the same manner as S533, and it is determined that the designated girder receives only the equally distributed load.
[0038]
If there is no inner wall (S534: No), it will progress to S535 and it will be determined whether there exists an outer wall on a girder. If there is an outer wall (S535: Yes), the process similarly proceeds to S537, and it is determined that the designated girder receives only the evenly distributed load. If there is no outer wall on the girder (S535: No), the process proceeds to S536, where it is determined that the girder is a floor, and the process proceeds to S537, where it is determined that the girder receives only an evenly distributed load. The load type determination (S530) is completed by the above processing.
[0039]
Here, the load (kg / m) applied to the span L of the girder is calculated in the load type determination process of S538, S539, and S537 described above. Here, when it is determined that only the uniform load is present (S537), the uniform load ω is calculated by the following equation.
[Equation 3]
ω (kg / m) = W (kg / m2) x p (m) + (wall unit load) x (height)
Here, W represents a design load, and p represents a beam burden width. Although the calculation formula is shown only for the evenly distributed load ω, the load is calculated based on a predetermined calculation formula in the case of only the concentrated load in S538 described above and also in the case of the uniformly distributed load and concentrated load in S539.
[0040]
The structure calculation process of S540 described above with reference to FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIG. 11 showing a subroutine of the process. The verification formula of the beam is determined by the load type, but the verification when it is determined that the girder receives only the evenly distributed load will be described. First, long-term and short-term bending stress levels are obtained (S541). The long-term bending stress fb (kg / cm @ 2) is obtained from the following equation.
[Expression 4]
fb = (3ωL2 / h2 · 4b)
Here, L (m) represents the span, h (mm) represents the beam formation of the large beam, and b (mm) represents the width of the large beam. Then, a short-term bending bending stress Fb (kg / cm @ 2) is obtained.
[0041]
Next, long-term and short-term shear stress levels are obtained (S542 ). The long-term shear stress fs is obtained from the following equation.
[Equation 5]
fs = 1.5ωL / 2bh
Then, a short-term shear stress Fs is obtained.
[0042]
Similarly, long-term / short-term deflection is calculated ( S543 ), long-term / short-term bending is calculated (S544), and long-term / short-term buckling stress is calculated (S545). Thereafter, for the areas other than the shed beam, that is, for the first floor and the second floor (S546: No), the horizontal force of the column load, the long term, and the time of snow accumulation are calculated (S547), and the process is terminated.
[0043]
Here, the common items are calculated for the first floor and the second floor, but the calculated items can be changed for each floor. For example, for the 1st floor base, calculate the horizontal force, long-term, and snowfall of the column load, calculate the inlay, buckling, and pull-out force of the horizontal member. Calculates the strength, long-term, and snowfall, calculates the shear strength, bending, deflection, indentation, buckling, and pull-out force of the horizontal member, and calculates shear strength, bending, and deflection for the roof beam It is. In the present embodiment, long and short periods are calculated as calculation items, and the load at the time of snow accumulation is calculated in the short period. However, the snow load can be calculated separately from the short-term load. If the load consists of equally distributed load and concentrated load, or if it consists only of concentrated load, the same processing is performed for each span of the girder, and the maximum value of each span is obtained, and this value is obtained. Is displayed.
[0044]
The process following the structural calculation will be described again with reference to FIG. After completion of the calculation in S540, the system waits for an instruction to display the calculation result (S560). For example, if there is an instruction to display a bending stress (S560: Yes), the long-term and short-term bending calculated above for each span. After selecting any larger value of the stress (S570), as shown in FIG. 14, the larger value and the long-term / short-term type are displayed in the plan (S580). Note that the selection of the maximum value in S570 means selecting a value that must be taken into account when selecting a column / horizontal member. For example, in the case of a ratio, the lowest value is selected. It is a concept that includes cases where
[0045]
If the operator modifies the height of the horizontal member based on the display (S590: Yes), the process proceeds to step 540 and the structural calculation is performed again. Then, according to the instruction to display the calculation result (S560: Yes), the maximum value is selected (S570) and displayed in the sketch (S580). When the end of correction is instructed (S592: Yes), the correction process in S500 is ended.
[0046]
In the present embodiment, short-term and long-term structural data is calculated by structural calculation, and the side that requires consideration among the calculated structural data is selected and displayed on the drawing of the building. For this reason, it is possible to display only the structural data necessary for selecting an appropriate material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a first floor of a house to be designed.
FIG. 2 is a plan view of the second floor of a house to be designed.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram of a pulling force generated on the first floor of a house to be designed.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a display screen in which a display of a metal joint is added to the plan shown in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing a main routine of the building structural design method according to the first embodiment;
6 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of initial condition setting processing in FIG.
7 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of examination processing for a horizontal load in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 8 is a flowchart showing a subroutine for selecting a metal fitting in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a flowchart showing a sub-routine for correcting a beam / column in FIG. 5;
FIG. 10 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of load format determination processing in FIG.
FIG. 11 is a flowchart showing a subroutine of structure calculation processing in FIG. 8;
FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram showing a change in position data of the bearing wall.
FIG. 13 (A) is an explanatory diagram of a joint hardware attached to a corner post, and FIG. 13 (B) is an explanatory view of a joint hardware attached to a post.
FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram of a display screen on which stress is displayed in the plan view shown in FIG. 2;
[Explanation of symbols]
O1 Large beam H1 Corner column H2 Column CP L-shaped joint metal VP V-shaped joint metal

Claims (2)

A computer program with the following configuration is installed in the computer in order to determine the type and number of metal fittings to be installed between the pillars and the horizontal members of the wooden house. A structural design support device for a wooden house, characterized in that
  [1] The calculation program includes a design load calculation program for calculating a design load based on the input design information, information on the construction area, and floor plan data.
  [2] The calculation program includes a coordinate data conversion program for converting a bearing wall, a normal wall, a column member, and a horizontal member into coordinate data in order to identify them in the same coordinate system, based on the input sketch data. Be included.
  [3] The calculation program receives the results of the calculation processing by the design load calculation program and the coordinate data conversion program, and calculates the effective wall amount and wall strength for each layer of the wooden house under consideration. Include a horizontal force study program for comparing and examining whether or not the design requirements for earthquake force and wind pressure are satisfied.
  [4] The calculation program includes a pull-out force calculation program for selecting a column sequentially and calculating a pull-out force applied to the column in response to a calculation processing result by the horizontal force examination program. .
  [5] The calculation program sequentially selects the columns and receives the result of the calculation processing by the coordinate data conversion program to determine whether or not the columns are corner columns arranged at the corners of the house. A corner discriminating program is included.
  [6] For selecting the columns in the calculation program sequentially and joining the columns and the horizontal member depending on whether the column is a corner column based on the determination result of the corner column determination program. By determining the type of joint hardware and determining whether the same kind or different kinds of joint hardware should be added depending on whether the calculation result of the pull-out force calculation program for the column exceeds a predetermined value, Includes a joint hardware determination program to determine the type and number of joint hardware to be installed between the column and the horizontal member. The structural design support apparatus for a wooden house according to claim 1, further comprising the following configuration.
  [7] The calculation program includes a plan print with joint hardware information for receiving a result of the determination by the joint hardware determination program and printing out a plan in which the type and number of the determined joint hardware are entered. A program is included.

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