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JP4067236B2 - Opening frame waterproof structure - Google Patents
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JP4067236B2 - Opening frame waterproof structure - Google Patents

Opening frame waterproof structure Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4067236B2
JP4067236B2 JP13873299A JP13873299A JP4067236B2 JP 4067236 B2 JP4067236 B2 JP 4067236B2 JP 13873299 A JP13873299 A JP 13873299A JP 13873299 A JP13873299 A JP 13873299A JP 4067236 B2 JP4067236 B2 JP 4067236B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
opening
frame
waterproof
waterproof sheet
sash frame
Prior art date
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Expired - Lifetime
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JP13873299A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2000328842A (en
Inventor
直美 津恵
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Sekisui Chemical Co Ltd
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Priority to JP13873299A priority Critical patent/JP4067236B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、建物の開口枠、例えば窓枠などの防水構造、特にサッシ枠部分の防水構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、この種の建物の開口枠の防水構造として、特開平4−360981号公報にて提案されたものがある。すなわち、この開口枠は上水切および下水切が一体的に形成されており、かつ、定形シールをこれら水切の両端部に固定することにより、施工性ならびに防水信頼性の向上が図られている。その他、外壁材と窓サッシとの間を不定形シーリング材でシールする構造の開口枠の防水構造も知られている(特公平7−91922号公報)。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかし、前者の開口枠の防水構造によれば、防水面が、サッシ枠、定形シール材、水切、ガスケット、外壁材など多くの部品から構成されているため、部品間の継ぎ目がその分だけ多くなり、漏水の可能性も多くなり、又、施工手間も依然として面倒である。更に、防水面の形状も比較的複雑であり施工に困難を伴い、雨漏れが生じたとき、この原因箇所を特定することが困難となる。更に、上水切が外壁の裏に入り込んでいるためサッシ枠を交換する場合は窓上の外壁を取り外す必要がある。その他、防水には外壁材は不可欠となっており、外壁材を取付けるまで壁内の断熱材などを雨で濡らさない工夫が必要となるなどの問題がある。
【0004】
後者の不定形シーリング材を用いシールする構造の開口枠防水構造の場合、不定形シーリング材が経年変化して劣化したり、不定形シーリング材の施工後の性能が施工者の技術に左右されるため、防水信頼性の点で問題がある。
本発明は、上述した如くの問題点を解消すべくなされたものであって、その目的とするところは、防水構造が簡単で、施工が容易であり、かつ、防水信頼性の高い建物の開口枠の防水構造を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上述の目的を達成すべく、本発明に係わる開口枠防水構造は、基本的には、建物の開口部を形成する開口骨組の屋外側に防水シートを前記開口部を除いて配し、さらに前記開口部周縁に沿って弾性水密材を設け、この弾性水密材を前記防水シートとの間で圧縮するようにしてサッシ枠を前記開口部周縁に固定してなるとともに、前記弾性水密材が前記開口部周縁の防水シートと前記サッシ枠のフランジ部との間で圧縮固定されるようにしてサッシ枠が前記開口部周縁に固定されており、さらに、前記サッシ枠のフランジ部の屋内側に固定片が突設されていて、この固定片に前記開口骨組側から締付け部材が締め付けられ、当該締付け部材が前記サッシ枠のフランジ部の屋外側に露出されることなく係止されることにより前記サッシ枠が前記弾性水密材を圧縮状態に保った状態で前記開口骨組に固定されていることを特徴とする。
【0007】
前記弾性水密材としては、特に制限はないが、一般にウレタン、EPDM(エチレン・プロピレン・ジエン・ターポリマー)、非加硫ブチル、発泡ポリエチレン混入非加硫ブチル、これらの混合物などの発泡弾性水密材から選択することが好ましい。前記防水シートは、建物壁部内の結露を防止するため透湿性のものが好ましい。透湿性防水シートとしては、湿気を透過させるが水を通さないシートであって、屋外からの雨水等の水の通過を防止し、室内や断熱材層等からの湿気を屋外の方に放出する役目をする。この透湿防水シートの透湿度は、100g/m2/24h以上、7000g/m2/24h以下の範囲が適当な透湿効果が得られるので好ましい。また、この透湿防水シートの耐水圧は、100mm以上、5000mm以下の範囲が適当な防水効果が得られるので好ましい。このような透湿防水シートとしては、積水化学工業株式会社製「セルポア」、デュポン社製「タイベック」、旭化成工業株式会社製「ルクサー」等のオレフィン系樹脂を基材とする透湿防水シートなどがあげられる。
【0008】
このような構成とされた本発明に係わる開口枠の防水構造においては、建物の屋外側に防水シートを開口部を除いて配し、さらに前記開口部周縁に沿って弾性水密材を設け、この弾性水密材を前記防水シートとの間で圧縮するようにしてサッシ枠を前記開口部周縁に固定するようにしたので、防水面に入組みがなく構造的に単純であり、従って施工が容易となり、部品間の継目が少なく高い防水信頼性が得られる。
【0009】
しかも、前記弾性水密材が前記開口部周縁の防水シートと前記サッシ枠のフランジ部との間で圧縮固定されることにより防水がなされ、また、窓水切を使用しないため、サッシ枠の交換の際にも外壁の取外す必要もなくなり、簡単に行うことができる。
【0010】
さらに、前記サッシ枠のフランジ部の屋内側に固定片を突設し、この固定片に締付け部材を前記サッシ枠のフランジ部の屋外側に露出されることなく係止させて前記サッシ枠を前記開口骨組に固定することにより、前記締付け部材を係止させた孔部からの漏水を回避することができる。
また、建物の開口部を除いて防水シートが予め配される構造となっているため(好ましくは開口部を除く外側壁面全体に)、外壁材の有無に拘らず、その内側に施工、配置された壁断熱材を雨で濡らす虞れもなくなる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に添付図面を参照して本発明の実施の形態を詳細に説明する。
ここで、図1は本発明に係る開口枠防水構造の一実施形態を概略的に示す分解斜視図であり、図2は図1に示す開口枠防水構造の1断面を概略的に示すものである。基本的には、この図2に示す断面が開口枠全周に亘ってほぼ同様の構成で形成されている。図示実施形態の開口枠防水構造は以下のように構成されている。
【0012】
すなわち、建物の開口部10を形成する開口骨組(基本的に、まぐさ11、左右のスタッド12、窓台13から構成される)の屋外側(図示しない壁断熱材の外側を覆うようにして)に、前記開口部10を除いて防水シート14が建物の壁面(好ましくは開口部10を除く全面)に取付け固定される。この防水シート14の屋外側には前記開口部10の周縁に沿うように四角枠状に形成された弾性水密材15が配置される。この弾性水密材15としては、特に制限はないが、一般にウレタン、EPDM(エチレン・プロピレン・ジエン・ターポリマー)、非加硫ブチル、発泡ポリエチレン混入非加硫ブチル、これらの混合物などの発泡弾性水密材から選択することができる。また、この弾性水密材15の断面形状として図示の如き長方形のものに限らず、後述するサッシ枠のフランジ部の形状に応じて、あるいは防水作用等を考慮して任意の形状のものとすることができる。
【0013】
前記弾性水密材15の屋外側にはサッシ枠16が配置され、その周縁部が前記弾性水密材15の一部と嵌合、密着して前記弾性水密材15を前記防水シート14側に押圧し得るようになっている。すなわち、前記サッシ枠16の周縁全周に沿ってフランジ部16aが一体的に形成されていて、このフランジ部16aの最外縁に沿って内方に開放されたU溝16bが形成され、これに前記弾性水密材15の一部が嵌合、密着するようになっており、更に、このU溝16bを形成する一方の側壁から前記開口部10へ向けて横方向に延出する固定片16cが設けられていて、この固定片16cに穿設された複数の孔16dに例えばディジーリベット、ボルト・ナット、ビスなどの締付け部材17の一端を係止させ、この締付け部材17を前記開口骨組(基本的に、まぐさ11、左右のスタッド12、窓台13から構成される)側から締付けることにより前記弾性水密材15がその弾性に抗して圧縮され、前記防水シート14と密着した状態で前記サッシ枠16が前記開口骨組に固定される。
【0014】
このようにして、前記サッシ枠16を前記開口骨組に固定したのち、従来同様にして外壁材(図示しない)が前記防水シート14の屋外側に取付けられる。上述のように、本発明の場合、前記防水シート14が建物の屋外側壁面に予め配置されているから、外壁材に防水を頼らないため、防水性のない外壁材を用いることも可能となり、外壁材の選択の自由度が広がる。もちろん、防水性の外壁材を用いることにより、二重防水作用が得られ、前記開口部10の防水信頼性を更に高めることができる。
【0015】
前記サッシ枠16を何らかの事情により交換する場合は、前記締付け部材17を弛め、取り外すことにより、外壁材を特に取外す必要なく、簡単に行うことができる。
以上、本発明の一実施形態について説明したが、本発明は上記実施形態に限定されるものでなく、特許請求の範囲に記載されている発明の精神を逸脱しない範囲で設計において適宜変更できるものである。
【0016】
例えば、上記実施例では、サッシ枠として通常の窓サッシの場合を想定して記載したが、このサッシ枠はシャッター本体内型のものであってもよい。この場合、シャッター本体を含めた状態で前記U溝16bを伴うフランジ部16aが形成され、これに前記弾性水密材15が前記U溝16bに部分的に嵌合するようにして施される。その他、本発明の開口枠防水構造は窓サッシ以外の類似の建物開口部に対しても適用することができる。
【0017】
また、上記実施例では、前記固定片16cが前記U溝16bに一体的に形成された例について説明したが、これに限らず、この固定片は、前記U溝16bより内側(前記開口部10方向)に形成される限り、前記U溝16bとは別体に前記サッシ枠16のフランジの部分に形成してもよい。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
以上の説明から理解されるように、本発明に係る建物の開口枠の防水構造は、構造的に簡単で、防水のための部品数が少なくて済むから施工が容易であり、かつ、継目数も少ないから防水信頼性を著しく向上させることができる。
【0019】
さらに、外壁材に防水を頼らないため、防水性のない外壁材を用いることも可能となり、外壁材の選択の自由度が広がる。また、ユニット住宅の場合、外壁材を必ずしも工場で建物ユニットに予め取付ける必要性もなくなり、建築現場で取付けることができるから、建物ユニットに外壁材を取付けた状態で輸送する場合の振動等に起因する割れなどの問題を回避することができる。なお、防水性の外壁材を用いた場合は、二重防水がなされ、防水信頼性を更に高めることができる。さらに、従来のように防水のための不定形シーリング材を特に使用する必要がないから、経時変化による劣化、不定形シーリング材の施工不良などの問題の発生を回避することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の開口枠防水構造の一実施形態を概略的に示す分解斜視図。
【図2】図1に示す開口枠防水構造の1断面を概略的に示す拡大断面図。
【符号の説明】
10…建物の開口部
11…まぐさ
12…スタッド
13…窓台
14…防水シート
15…弾性水密材
16…サッシ枠
16a…フランジ部
16b…U溝
16c…固定片
16d…孔
17…締付け部
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a waterproof structure such as an opening frame of a building, for example, a window frame, and more particularly to a waterproof structure of a sash frame portion.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, there has been proposed a waterproof structure for an opening frame of this type of building in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 4-360981. That is, the opening frame is integrally formed with an upper drainage and a lower drainage, and by fixing the fixed seals to both ends of the drainage, workability and waterproof reliability are improved. Other, between the outer wall member and the window sash is also known waterproof structure of the opening frame of the structure to be sealed with irregular sealant (JP Tokuoyake flat 7-91922).
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, according to the waterproof structure of the former opening frame, the waterproof surface is composed of many parts such as a sash frame, fixed seal material, drainer, gasket, and outer wall material, so there are as many seams between the parts as there are. The possibility of water leakage increases, and the construction work is still troublesome. Further, the shape of the waterproof surface is relatively complicated, and it is difficult to perform the construction. When a rain leak occurs, it is difficult to identify the cause. Furthermore, since the water drainer has entered the back of the outer wall, it is necessary to remove the outer wall on the window when replacing the sash frame. In addition, the outer wall material is indispensable for waterproofing, and there is a problem that it is necessary to devise measures to prevent the insulating material in the wall from getting wet by rain until the outer wall material is attached.
[0004]
In the case of the open frame waterproof structure that seals using the latter non-standard sealant, the non-standard sealant deteriorates over time, and the performance of the non-standard sealant after installation depends on the technology of the installer. Therefore, there is a problem in terms of waterproof reliability.
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and its object is to have a simple waterproof structure, easy construction, and a waterproof and reliable building opening. The object is to provide a waterproof structure for the frame.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above-mentioned object, the opening frame waterproof structure according to the present invention basically has a waterproof sheet arranged on the outdoor side of the opening frame forming the opening of the building, excluding the opening, and further, An elastic watertight material is provided along the periphery of the opening, the sash frame is fixed to the periphery of the opening so as to compress the elastic watertight material with the waterproof sheet, and the elastic watertight material is the opening. The sash frame is fixed to the periphery of the opening so as to be compressed and fixed between the waterproof sheet on the periphery of the portion and the flange portion of the sash frame, and further, a fixed piece on the indoor side of the flange portion of the sash frame And a fastening member is fastened to the fixed piece from the opening frame side, and the fastening member is locked without being exposed to the outdoor side of the flange portion of the sash frame. Is the bullet Characterized in that it is fixed to the opening framework while maintaining a watertight material in compression.
[0007]
Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as said elastic watertight material, Generally foaming elastic watertight materials, such as urethane, EPDM (ethylene propylene diene terpolymer), non-vulcanized butyl, foamed polyethylene mixing non-vulcanized butyl, these mixtures, etc. It is preferable to select from. The waterproof sheet is preferably moisture permeable in order to prevent condensation in the building wall. As a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, it is a sheet that allows moisture to pass through but does not allow water to pass through, preventing the passage of water such as rainwater from outside, and releasing moisture from indoors and heat insulation layers to the outside. To play a role. Moisture permeability of the moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, 100g / m 2 / 24h or more, because 7000g / m 2 / 24h or less range is obtained suitable moisture permeation effects preferable. Further, the water pressure resistance of the moisture permeable waterproof sheet is preferably in the range of 100 mm or more and 5000 mm or less because an appropriate waterproof effect can be obtained. As such a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet, a moisture-permeable waterproof sheet based on an olefin resin such as "Serpore" manufactured by Sekisui Chemical Co., Ltd., "Tyvek" manufactured by DuPont, "Luxer" manufactured by Asahi Kasei Kogyo Co., Ltd. Can be given.
[0008]
In the waterproof structure of the opening frame according to the present invention configured as described above, a waterproof sheet is disposed on the outdoor side of the building excluding the opening, and an elastic watertight material is provided along the periphery of the opening. Since the sash frame is fixed to the periphery of the opening by compressing the elastic watertight material between the waterproof sheet, the waterproof surface is not complicated and structurally simple, thus facilitating the construction. High waterproof reliability with few joints between parts.
[0009]
Moreover, the elastic watertight material is waterproofed by being compressed and fixed between the waterproof sheet on the periphery of the opening and the flange portion of the sash frame, and since the window drainer is not used, the sash frame is replaced. In addition, it is not necessary to remove the outer wall, and this can be done easily.
[0010]
Further, a fixing piece is projected on the indoor side of the flange portion of the sash frame, and a fastening member is locked to the fixing piece without being exposed to the outdoor side of the flange portion of the sash frame, so that the sash frame is By fixing to the open frame, water leakage from the hole where the fastening member is locked can be avoided.
In addition, since the waterproof sheet is pre-arranged except for the opening of the building (preferably on the entire outer wall surface except the opening), it is constructed and placed on the inside regardless of the presence or absence of the outer wall material. There is no risk of wet wall insulation.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Here, FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of the opening frame waterproof structure according to the present invention, FIG. 2 shows a first-sectional opening frame waterproof structure shown in FIG. 1 schematically is there. Basically, the cross section shown in FIG. 2 is formed in substantially the same configuration over the entire circumference of the opening frame. The opening frame waterproof structure of the illustrated embodiment is configured as follows.
[0012]
That is, the outdoor frame (which basically comprises the lintel 11, the left and right studs 12, and the window sill 13) that forms the opening 10 of the building is covered so as to cover the outside of the wall heat insulating material (not shown). The waterproof sheet 14 is attached and fixed to the wall surface of the building (preferably the entire surface excluding the opening 10) except for the opening 10. An elastic watertight material 15 formed in a square frame shape is disposed along the periphery of the opening 10 on the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet 14. Although there is no restriction | limiting in particular as this elastic watertight material 15, Generally foaming elastic watertight, such as urethane, EPDM (ethylene propylene diene terpolymer), non-vulcanized butyl, foamed polyethylene mixing non-vulcanized butyl, these mixtures, etc. You can choose from materials. Further, the cross-sectional shape of the elastic watertight material 15 is not limited to the rectangular shape as shown in the figure, but may be of an arbitrary shape according to the shape of the flange portion of the sash frame to be described later or considering a waterproof effect. Can do.
[0013]
A sash frame 16 is disposed on the outdoor side of the elastic watertight material 15, and a peripheral edge thereof is fitted and closely attached to a part of the elastic watertight material 15 to press the elastic watertight material 15 toward the waterproof sheet 14. To get. That is, a flange portion 16a is integrally formed along the entire periphery of the sash frame 16, and a U groove 16b opened inward along the outermost edge of the flange portion 16a is formed. A part of the elastic watertight material 15 is fitted and adhered, and a fixing piece 16c extending laterally from one side wall forming the U groove 16b toward the opening 10 is provided. One end of a fastening member 17 such as a daisy rivet, a bolt / nut, or a screw is engaged with the plurality of holes 16d formed in the fixed piece 16c, and the fastening member 17 is attached to the open frame (basic The elastic watertight material 15 is compressed against the elasticity by tightening from the side of the lintel 11, the left and right studs 12, and the window base 13, and in close contact with the waterproof sheet 14. Serial sash frame 16 is fixed to the opening framework.
[0014]
Thus, after fixing the sash frame 16 to the open frame, an outer wall material (not shown) is attached to the outdoor side of the waterproof sheet 14 in the same manner as in the prior art. As described above, in the case of the present invention, since the waterproof sheet 14 is preliminarily disposed on the outdoor side wall surface of the building, since it does not depend on the outer wall material for waterproofing, it is possible to use an outer wall material that is not waterproof, The degree of freedom in selecting the outer wall material is expanded. Of course, by using a waterproof outer wall material, a double waterproof action can be obtained, and the waterproof reliability of the opening 10 can be further enhanced.
[0015]
When the sash frame 16 is exchanged for some reason, it can be easily done by loosening and removing the fastening member 17 without the need to remove the outer wall material.
Although one embodiment of the present invention has been described above, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment, and can be appropriately changed in design without departing from the spirit of the invention described in the claims. It is.
[0016]
For example, in the above embodiment has been described on the assumption that the normal window sash as the sash frame, the sash frame can be of the shutter main body built type. In this case, a flange portion 16a with the U-groove 16b is formed in a state including the shutter main body, and the elastic watertight material 15 is applied to the flange portion 16a so as to partially fit in the U-groove 16b. In addition, the opening frame waterproof structure of the present invention can be applied to similar building openings other than window sashes.
[0017]
In the above embodiment, the example in which the fixed piece 16c is formed integrally with the U-groove 16b has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this example, and the fixed piece is located inside the U-groove 16b (the opening 10). As long as it is formed in the direction), it may be formed in the flange portion of the sash frame 16 separately from the U groove 16b.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As understood from the above description, the waterproof structure of the opening frame of a building according to the present invention is structurally simple, easy to construction since fewer number of parts for waterproofing, and the number of seams Therefore, the waterproof reliability can be remarkably improved.
[0019]
Furthermore, since the outer wall material does not depend on waterproofing, it is possible to use a non-waterproof outer wall material, which increases the degree of freedom in selecting the outer wall material. Also, in the case of unit housing, it is not always necessary to attach the outer wall material to the building unit in the factory in advance, and it can be installed at the construction site. Problems such as cracking can be avoided. In addition, when a waterproof outer wall material is used, double waterproofing is made and waterproof reliability can be further improved. Further, since it is not necessary to use an irregular sealing material for waterproofing as in the prior art, it is possible to avoid the occurrence of problems such as deterioration due to aging and poor construction of the irregular sealing material.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an exploded perspective view schematically showing an embodiment of an opening frame waterproof structure of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged cross-sectional view schematically showing one cross section of the opening frame waterproof structure shown in FIG. 1;
[Explanation of symbols]
10 ... opening 11 ... lintel 12 ... stud 13 ... window sill 14 ... waterproof sheet 15 ... elastic watertight material 16 ... sash frame 16a ... flange portion 16b ... U groove 16c ... fixed piece 16d ... hole 17 ... clamping member of a building

Claims (2)

建物の開口部を形成する開口骨組の屋外側に防水シートを前記開口部を除いて配し、さらに前記開口部周縁に沿って弾性水密材を設け、この弾性水密材を前記防水シートとの間で圧縮するようにしてサッシ枠を前記開口部周縁に固定してなるとともに、
前記弾性水密材が前記開口部周縁の防水シートと前記サッシ枠のフランジ部との間で圧縮固定されており、
さらに、前記サッシ枠のフランジ部の屋内側に固定片が突設されていて、この固定片に前記開口骨組側から締付け部材が締め付けられ、当該締付け部材が前記サッシ枠のフランジ部の屋外側に露出されることなく係止されることにより前記サッシ枠が前記弾性水密材を圧縮状態に保った状態で前記開口部を形成する開口骨組に固定されていることを特徴とする開口枠防水構造。
A waterproof sheet is arranged on the outdoor side of the open frame forming the opening of the building except for the opening, and an elastic watertight material is provided along the periphery of the opening, and the elastic watertight material is provided between the waterproof sheet and the waterproof sheet. The sash frame is fixed to the periphery of the opening so as to be compressed with
The elastic watertight material is compression-fixed between a waterproof sheet on the periphery of the opening and a flange portion of the sash frame;
Further, a fixing piece is projected on the indoor side of the flange portion of the sash frame, and a fastening member is fastened to the fixing piece from the opening frame side, and the fastening member is disposed on the outdoor side of the flange portion of the sash frame. An opening frame waterproof structure, wherein the sash frame is fixed to an opening frame that forms the opening in a state where the elastic watertight material is kept in a compressed state by being locked without being exposed .
前記弾性水密材が発泡弾性水密材からなり、前記防水シートが透湿性のものであることを特徴とする請求項1記載の開口枠防水構造。  The opening frame waterproof structure according to claim 1, wherein the elastic watertight material is made of a foamed elastic watertight material, and the waterproof sheet is moisture permeable.
JP13873299A 1999-05-19 1999-05-19 Opening frame waterproof structure Expired - Lifetime JP4067236B2 (en)

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JP13873299A JP4067236B2 (en) 1999-05-19 1999-05-19 Opening frame waterproof structure

Applications Claiming Priority (1)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
JP13873299A JP4067236B2 (en) 1999-05-19 1999-05-19 Opening frame waterproof structure

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JP2000328842A JP2000328842A (en) 2000-11-28
JP4067236B2 true JP4067236B2 (en) 2008-03-26

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Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011184986A (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-09-22 Ohbayashi Corp Outer wall structure of building

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011184986A (en) * 2010-03-10 2011-09-22 Ohbayashi Corp Outer wall structure of building

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Publication number Publication date
JP2000328842A (en) 2000-11-28

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