JP4071976B2 - Gas compressor - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a structure of a gas compressor used for an air conditioning system of a vehicle.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An example of this type of compressor is shown in FIG.
A compressor case 10 is formed by a housing 11 of one end opening type and a front head 12 attached to the opening side thereof. A cylinder 40 having a substantially elliptical inner periphery is disposed between the front side block 20 and the rear side block 30 in the housing 11, and a rotor 50 including a plurality of vanes 58 is rotatably provided in the cylinder 40. The compressor body is configured.
The rotating shaft 51 that rotates integrally with the rotor 50 extends through the front side block 20, and the front end side extends through a seal mechanism 70 as a shaft seal provided between the front head 12 and the rear end at the rear side block 30. It is supported by. A pulley 80 having an electromagnetic clutch 90 is attached to the front end of the rotating shaft 51 so as to receive a rotational driving force from a crank pulley of an engine (not shown).
[0003]
The vane 58 is slidably mounted in a radial vane groove formed in the rotor 50 and is urged toward the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 40 when the rotor 50 rotates. The inside of the cylinder 40 is partitioned into a plurality of small chambers by a rotor 50 and a vane 58, and a compression chamber 48 is formed that repeatedly changes in volume as the rotor 50 rotates.
[0004]
A front side suction chamber 13 defined by the inner wall of the front head 12 and the front side block 20 is formed on the opposite side of the front side block 20 from the cylinder 40, and the front side suction chamber 13 includes a refrigerant gas suction port 14. Yes.
A suction port 22 through which the front suction chamber 13 and the compression chamber 48 communicate is opened through the front side block 20.
[0005]
The refrigerant gas flowing into the front suction chamber 13 from the refrigerant gas suction port 14 is sucked into the compression chamber 48 from the suction port 22 formed in the front side block 20. Further, the cylinder 40 is provided with a communication hole 41 communicating with the rear side suction port 31 formed in the rear side block 30 in the axial direction, and the rear side suction port 31 from the front side suction chamber 13 through the communication hole 41. Also, the refrigerant gas is sucked into the compression chamber 48.
[0006]
A discharge chamber 15 is formed between the sealed side of the housing 11 and the rear side block 30 and includes a refrigerant gas discharge port 16.
A cyclone block 60 having an oil separator 62 is attached to the discharge chamber 15 side of the rear side block 30.
[0007]
When the rotor 50 rotates, the refrigerant gas flowing in from the refrigerant gas suction port 14 is sucked directly from the front side suction chamber 13 through the suction port 22 into the compression chamber 48 and from the suction port 22 to the communication hole 41. The air is also drawn into the compression chamber 48 from the rear side through the rear side suction port 31. The refrigerant gas is compressed in the compression chamber 48 and then discharged to the discharge chamber 15 and supplied to the outside from the refrigerant gas discharge port 16.
[0008]
In such a gas compressor, the lubricating oil stored in the discharge chamber 15 is guided for lubrication in the support hole 32 through which the rotary shaft 51 passes and for supplying hydraulic pressure to the back pressure chamber of a vane groove (not shown). ing.
That is, the rear side block 30 is formed with an oil passage 33 that opens at the bottom of the discharge chamber 15 and reaches the side wall of the through support hole 32, and the surface of the rear side block 30 that faces the rotor 50 has a vane groove back surface. A recess 35 is provided so as to communicate with the pressure chamber.
[0009]
The sealed space R between the cyclone block 60 and the rear side block 30 and the recess 35 are connected by a communication path 34.
The lubricating oil which is pushed by the discharge pressure of the discharge chamber 15 and reaches the side wall of the through support hole 32 through the oil passage 33 passes through the gap between the through support hole 32 and the rotary shaft 51 to the recess 35 and the sealed space R. Flowing.
[0010]
Further, a through hole 46 connected to the oil passage 33 of the rear side block 30 is provided at the bottom of the cylinder 40, and the through hole 46 and the rotation shaft of the front side block 20 are formed in the oil passage 26 formed in the front side block 20. The support portion 23 is connected to guide the lubricating oil to the support portion 23.
[0011]
The lubricating oil guided to the support portion 23 flows in the axial direction on the bearing surface of the support portion, and a part thereof is in the concave portion 27 formed on the surface facing the rotor 50 of the front side block 20, and the rest is the rotor 50. It flows from the end surface on the opposite side to the space S where the seal mechanism 70 is provided.
The front side block 20 is provided with a communication path 28 that connects the space S and the recess 27, and the lubricating oil that has flowed into the space S is sucked into the recess 27.
[0012]
FIG. 10 is an enlarged view around the front head including the seal mechanism portion. The front head 12 has a shaft portion 18 at the front end, and a pulley 80 is rotatably supported on the outer periphery of the shaft portion 18 via a bearing 85. The pulley 80 has a belt groove 81 on its outer periphery. A core storage space 82 opened rearward is provided, and a magnet core 91 fixed to the front head 12 is disposed in the core storage space 82.
The shaft portion 18 is provided with a through hole in which a shoulder portion 19 is formed in the middle, and the boss portion 95 of the hub 94 of the armature 93 is inserted into the front hole 87 from the shoulder portion 19 to the outer end. It is coupled to a rotating shaft 51 of the rotor 50.
[0013]
The armature 93 includes a friction plate 96 facing the pulley 80 with a slight gap at a radial position corresponding to the magnet core 91. The friction plate 96 is supported by the hub 94 via an elastic rubber 97.
By energizing the magnet core 91 to attract the friction plate 96 and fastening the friction plate 96 and the pulley 80, the rotating shaft 51 can rotate integrally with the pulley 80.
A portion of the magnet core 91, the armature 93, and the pulley 80 facing the armature friction plate 96 constitutes an electromagnetic clutch 90 as power transmission means.
The hub 94 of the armature 93 has a working screw hole 98 or the like.
[0014]
The rotating shaft 51 has a smaller diameter than the support portion penetrating portion when protruding forward from the support portion 23 of the front side block 20.
The seal mechanism 70 includes a cover plate 71 and a seal ring 72 disposed on the rotation shaft having a small diameter.
A cover plate 71 is attached to the inner hole 88 on the inner side of the shoulder 19 of the through hole with the front end surface in contact with the shoulder 19, and the space between the outer peripheral surface of the cover plate 71 and the inner peripheral surface of the inner hole 88 is Sealed with an elastic O-ring 105.
[0015]
The seal ring 72 is attached to the rotary shaft 51 with the lip 73 abutting against the rear end surface of the cover plate 71. An elastic O-ring 75 and a pressing ring 76 are provided in a hole 74 opened to the rear of the seal ring 72. A spring 78 is provided between the spring receiver 77 positioned on the rotary shaft 51 and the pressing ring 76 at the step portion immediately before the support portion 23, whereby the lip 73 of the seal ring 72 is pressed against the cover plate 71 and pressed. The elastic O-ring 75 pressed by the ring 76 seals between the seal ring 72 and the rotating shaft 51.
[0016]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above configuration, the lubricating oil flowing out from the support portion 23 to the space S is guided to the recess 27 from the communication path 28 as described above. However, since the seal ring 72 and the cover plate 71 rotate relative to each other, they are pressed against each other. However, leakage from the lip 73 of the seal ring 72 and the sliding contact surface of the rear end surface of the cover plate 71 cannot be completely prevented.
[0017]
Lubricating oil leaked from the slidable contact surface between the lip 73 of the seal mechanism 70 and the cover plate 71 passes through a gap between the cover plate 71 and the rotary shaft 51, and the boss portion 95 of the armature 93 is coupled to the rotary shaft 51. It flows to the front hole 87. When the lubricating oil thus flowing into the front hole 87 subsequently enters between the pulley 80 and the friction plate 96, a clutch slip is caused, and when the lubricant oil hits the belt groove 81 of the pulley 80, a belt slip occurs.
Therefore, conventionally, an oil drain hole 110 is provided in the front hole 87 of the front head 12, and the lubricating oil leaking from the seal mechanism 70 is discharged to the outside through the oil passage 111 and the tube 112.
[0018]
However, the front hole 87 provided with the oil drain hole 110 communicates with the outside through the gap between the pulley 80 and the friction plate 96, and the armature 93 also has a screw hole 98 and the like for working on the hub 94. , Dust enters from the outside and accumulates. For this reason, there is a problem that the lubricating oil is mixed with dust and solidifies to block the opening of the oil drain hole 110. If the oil drain hole 110 is closed, the lubricating oil eventually enters between the pulley 80 and the friction plate 96, so that the purpose of preventing clutch slip cannot be achieved.
[0019]
Therefore, in view of the above problems, the present invention provides a gas compressor configured so that the lubricating oil leaked from the seal mechanism can be smoothly discharged to the outside without blocking the oil drain hole. With the goal.
[0020]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, the present invention of claim 1 contains a rotating shaft to which external rotational power is transmitted, a compressor main body that sucks and compresses refrigerant gas by rotation of the rotating shaft, and accommodates the compressor main body. In addition, a compressor case having an opening through which the rotating shaft passes, a shaft seal provided in the opening, and an oil drain hole provided on the outside air side of the compressor case for discharging lubricating oil oozing out from the shaft seal , and an outside air flow generating means for flowing outside air around the oil drain hole.
Further, the compressor case is provided with a shaft hole having a diameter larger than that of the rotating shaft outside the opening, the oil drain hole is provided at the bottom of the shaft hole, and an air suction port is provided at a position higher than the oil drain hole of the shaft hole. It was assumed that it was provided.
[0021]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, the air suction port is provided upward from the center of the shaft hole, and is connected to a tube attached to the compressor case and having the opening downward.
[0022]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, the external airflow generating means is a fin that generates an airflow directed from the opening side toward the distal end side of the rotating shaft.
[0023]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a power transmission means for transmitting rotational power from the outside, a rotary shaft connected to the power transmission means for rotation, and a compressor for sucking and compressing refrigerant gas by the rotation of the rotary shaft and discharging it. A compressor case having a main body, an opening for accommodating the compressor main body and penetrating the rotation shaft, a shaft hole having a diameter larger than the rotation shaft outside the opening, and a shaft provided in the opening A seal, an oil drain hole provided at the bottom of the shaft hole on the outside air side of the compressor case, for discharging the lubricating oil exuding from the shaft seal , and an air suction port provided at a position higher than the oil drain hole of the shaft hole; And an external air flow generating means for flowing the outside air around the oil drain hole, and the external air flow generating means is provided in the power transmission means.
[0024]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described by way of examples.
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the first embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 1 shows the periphery of the front head including the seal mechanism portion, and the armature 93 is opposed to the pulley 80 with a slight gap at a radial position corresponding to the magnet core 91 as in the conventional example, and the elastic rubber 97 And a friction plate 96 supported by the hub 94.
[0025]
The boss portion 95 of the hub 94 is inserted into a front hole 87 formed in the shaft portion 18 of the front head 12, and is coupled to the rotating shaft 51 of the rotor 50 with a bolt 100. That is, a spline 53 is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the tip of the rotating shaft 51, and the boss portion 95 has a spline hole 102 that meshes with the spline 53 of the rotating shaft 51 at the tip, and a hole having a diameter larger than that of the spline hole 102 at the base. 103. Then, the bolt 100 is screwed into the screw hole 54 opened in the end surface of the rotating shaft 51 through the washer 101 seated on the shoulder between the spline hole 102 and the hole 103, and the armature 93 and the rotating shaft 51 are coupled.
[0026]
A seal mechanism 70 including a cover plate 71 and a seal ring 72 disposed on the rotary shaft 51 is provided in the inner hole 88 of the shaft portion 18.
In particular, as shown in FIG. 2, the front hole 87 of the front head 12 is provided with the same oil drain hole 110 as that in the conventional example at the lowest position in the installed state of the gas compressor. The lubricating oil leaking from the seal mechanism 70 is discharged to the outside. The configuration of the oil drain hole 110 is the same as that of the conventional example shown in FIG.
[0027]
The front hole 87 of the front head 12 is further provided with a downward air inlet 115 and communicates with the outside through a passage 116. The openings of the air suction ports 115 are provided on both sides of the oil drain hole 110 so as to be separated from the oil drain hole 110 so that the lubricating oil does not flow. Preferably, in the installed state of the gas compressor, as shown in FIG. In addition, they are arranged at positions of an angle α of 45 ° or more from the vertically downward direction.
Note that FIG. 1 shows an air inlet 115 and a passage 116 in a section taken along the line BB in FIG.
[0028]
On the other hand, fins 104 are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 95 of the armature 93.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view of the armature 93 showing the shape of the fin 104, and FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the boss portion 95.
As shown in FIG. 4, the fin 104 is provided in the radial direction, that is, in the radial direction with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 95, and has a curved surface in the circumferential direction as shown in FIG. When the boss portion 95 rotates, air is urged from the distal end side of the boss portion 95 toward the base portion side. As a result, outside air is sucked into the front hole 87 of the shaft portion 18 of the front head 12 from the air suction port 115, and the gap between the work screw hole 98 of the hub 94 of the armature 93 and the pulley 80 and the friction plate 96. An air stream exhausted from is generated.
Other configurations are the same as those shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 of the conventional example.
[0029]
The present embodiment is configured as described above, and the lubricating oil leaked from the seal mechanism 70 on the connection side of the electromagnetic clutch 90 of the rotating shaft 51 is removed from the front hole in the front head shaft portion 18 into which the boss portion 95 of the armature 93 is inserted. 87, the air suction port 115 is provided in the front hole 87, and the fin 104 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 95 so that the air flow is introduced into the front hole 87. Since it is generated, the dust is discharged to the outside, and is prevented from accumulating and solidifying in the front hole 87 and closing the oil drain hole 110. As a result, the lubricating oil is surely discharged from the oil drain hole 110, and therefore, clutch slip does not occur.
[0030]
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the configuration of the second embodiment, and FIG. 6 is a view showing the front head in the sectional view taken along the line CC in FIG.
In this embodiment, in the front head 12A, an air suction port 115A is provided upward, and is communicated to the outside by a tube 117 through a passage 116A. In particular, as shown in FIG. 6, the air inlet 115 </ b> A and the passage 116 </ b> A extend in two upward directions, and the tubes 117 connected to the passage are folded back so that the opening 118 faces downward.
FIG. 5 shows an air suction port 115A and a passage 116A in the cross section taken along the line DD in FIG.
The rest of the configuration is the same as in the first embodiment, including that the fin 104 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 95 of the armature 93.
[0031]
Also in this embodiment, air is sucked from the air suction port 115A into the front hole 87 by the rotation of the armature 93 provided with the fins 104 on the boss portion 95, and an air flow is generated, so that dust accumulates and solidifies. Blocking the oil drain hole 110 is prevented. In addition, since the air suction port 115A faces upward, the air suction port is more reliably isolated from the lubricating oil, and there is no possibility that the lubricating oil in the front hole 87 flows into the air suction port 115A. Since it is folded back and the opening 118 faces downward, dust, belt abrasion powder or the like does not enter from the outside.
[0032]
The number of fins 104 on the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 95 may be one, and at least the dust in the front hole 87 is disturbed to prevent dust from accumulating and solidifying. It is particularly preferable to provide the fins because a strong air flow is generated.
[0033]
Further, in the embodiment, the fins 104 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the boss portion 95 are radial and perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface. However, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, as shown in FIG. The fin 104A may be inclined in the rotation direction. As a result, the amount of air escaping outward from the fins is reduced as compared with the vertical case, and the axial air flow that promotes the discharge from the working screw hole 98 of the armature hub 94 is increased.
Further, as necessary in manufacturing, as shown in FIG. 8, fins 104B formed by dividing in the axial direction may be used.
[0034]
In each embodiment, a seal mechanism 70 made of a mechanical seal is provided as a shaft seal. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and the outer peripheral surface of the rotor rotation shaft and the elastic body of the polymer material are in direct contact with each other. A moving lip seal may be used.
The connection between the rotating shaft and the electromagnetic clutch is a coupling method in which a male spline is formed at the tip of the rotating shaft and a female spline is formed on the inner periphery of the boss portion of the electromagnetic clutch. A female spline may be formed, and a male spline may be formed on the outer periphery of the boss portion of the electromagnetic clutch to couple them together. In this case, the fin is provided on the outer periphery of the tip end portion of the rotating shaft, or incorporated as a separate body.
[0035]
Furthermore, although the embodiment has been described as including an electromagnetic clutch as the power transmission means, a coupling or the like having no fastening / release action may be used.
In addition, although the compressor body in the embodiment has a vane rotary type configuration including a plurality of vanes, the present invention is not limited to this, for example, a scroll type, a swash plate type, a rolling piston type in which a vane does not rotate, and the like. It can be applied to various compressors.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention provides a gas compressor having an opening that allows a rotation shaft to pass through a compressor case, and a shaft seal provided in the opening and a lubricant that is provided on the outside air side of the compressor case and exudes from the shaft seal. Since it has an oil drain hole for discharging oil and an external air flow generating means for flowing the outside air around the oil drain hole, the external air flow generating means disturbs the air even if dust enters the area around the oil drain hole. This prevents dust from accumulating and solidifying and closing the opening of the oil drain hole. Therefore, the lubricating oil is reliably discharged from the oil drain hole.
[0037]
Furthermore, a shaft hole is provided outside the opening of the compressor case, the oil drain hole is provided at the bottom of the shaft hole, and an air inlet is provided at a position higher than the oil drain hole of the shaft hole. An external airflow can be generated using fresh air from the mouth, and lubricating oil can be prevented from flowing into the air inlet.
Further, by providing the air suction port upward from the center of the shaft hole and connecting to the tube attached to the casing and having the opening facing downward, the air suction port is more reliably isolated from the lubricating oil.
[0038]
Furthermore, dust is positively discharged to the outside by configuring the external airflow generation means with the fins that generate the airflow directed from the opening side toward the distal end side of the rotating shaft.
In addition, in the case where power transmission means for transmitting rotational power from the outside is provided and the rotary shaft is connected to the power transmission means, the external air flow generation means can be provided in the power transmission means, and the power transmission means There is no risk of slipping due to the flow of lubricating oil.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a first embodiment of the invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an armature.
FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a boss portion of an armature.
FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a configuration of a second embodiment.
6 is a cross-sectional view taken along a line CC in FIG. 5. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a modified example of the fin.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a modification of the fin.
FIG. 9 is a longitudinal sectional view showing a conventional example.
10 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. 9;
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Compressor case 11 Housing 12, 12A Front head 13 Front side suction chamber 14 Refrigerant gas suction port 15 Discharge chamber 16 Refrigerant gas discharge port 18 Shaft portion 19 Shoulder portion 20 Front side block 22 Suction port 23 Support portion 26 Oil passages 27, 35 Recess 28, 34 Communication path 30 Rear side block 31 Rear side suction port 32 Through support hole 33 Oil passage 40 Cylinder 41 Communication hole 46 Through hole 48 Compression chamber 50 Rotor 51 Rotating shaft 53 Spline 54 Screw hole 58 Vane 60 Cyclone block 62 Oil separator 70 Seal mechanism 71 Cover plate 72 Seal ring 73 Lip 74 Hole 75, 105 Elastic O-ring 76 Press ring 77 Spring receiver 78 Spring 80 Pulley 81 Belt groove 82 Core storage space 85 Bearing 87 Front hole 88 Inside Hole 90 Electromagnetic clutch 91 Magnet core 93 Armature 94 Hub 95 Boss part 96 Friction plate 97 Elastic rubber 98 Screw hole 100 Bolt 101 Washer 102 Spline hole 103 Hole 104, 104A, 104B Fin 110 Oil drain hole 111 Oil path 112, 117 Tube 115 115A Air inlet 116, 116A passage 118 opening

Claims (4)

A rotating shaft to which rotational power from the outside is transmitted;
A compressor main body that sucks and compresses refrigerant gas by rotation of the rotary shaft, and discharges the refrigerant gas;
A compressor case that houses the compressor body and includes an opening through which the rotating shaft passes, and a shaft hole having a diameter larger than the rotating shaft outside the opening;
A shaft seal provided in the opening;
An oil drain hole that is provided at the bottom of the shaft hole on the outside air side of the compressor case and discharges lubricating oil that oozes from the shaft seal;
It has a outside air flow generating means for flowing outside air around the oil drain hole,
An air suction port is provided at a position higher than the oil drain hole of the shaft hole . 2. The gas compressor according to claim 1, wherein the air suction port is provided upward from a center of the shaft hole, and is connected to a tube attached to a compressor case and having an opening downward . 3. The gas compressor according to claim 1, wherein the external air flow generation means is a fin that generates an air flow directed from the opening side toward a tip side of the rotation shaft . Power transmission means for transmitting rotational power from the outside;
A rotating shaft connected to the power transmission means and rotating;
A compressor main body that sucks and compresses refrigerant gas by rotation of the rotary shaft, and discharges the refrigerant gas;
A compressor case that houses the compressor body and includes an opening through which the rotating shaft passes, and a shaft hole having a diameter larger than the rotating shaft outside the opening;
A shaft seal provided in the opening;
An oil drain hole that is provided at the bottom of the shaft hole on the outside air side of the compressor case and discharges lubricating oil that oozes from the shaft seal;
An air inlet provided at a position higher than the oil drain hole of the shaft hole;
And a fresh air flow generating means for flowing the ambient air surrounding the oil drain hole,
A gas compressor characterized in that the external air flow generation means is provided in the power transmission means.

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