JP4072877B2 - Combustion device and hot air generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a combustion apparatus and a hot air generator capable of vaporizing and burning liquid fuel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
An example of a hot air generator that generates hot air by burning liquid fuel is shown in FIG. In this hot air generator 1, a substantially cylindrical housing 3 that generates hot air is installed on a fuel tank 2, and a combustion device 5 having a cylindrical combustion chamber 4 is installed therein. ing. A combustion burner 8 is disposed at the rear end of the combustion chamber 4, and an umbrella-shaped flame stopper 17 is attached to the front end. The fuel in the fuel tank 2 is supplied to the burner 8 through the suction pipe 12, the fuel filter 15, and the fuel pump 11. In the combustion chamber 4, the fuel sprayed from the burner 8 is ignited by the ignition rod 9 connected to the igniter 16, and combustion is started. Combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber 4 by a blower 10 provided in the vicinity of the burner 8. Combustion gas generated inside the combustion chamber 4 is discharged into the housing 3 through a gap 14 between the flame stopper 17 and the combustion chamber 4 in front of the combustion chamber 4. On the other hand, outside air is introduced into the housing 3 by a blower fan 13 installed behind the housing 3 upstream of the combustion chamber 4. The outside air is heated through the supply passage 7 between the combustion chamber 4 and the housing 3 and further mixed with the combustion gas discharged from the combustion chamber 4 to become hot air. Then, this warm air is blown out through the warm air outlet 6 in front of the housing 3.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In addition to spraying such liquid fuel and combusting inside the combustion chamber 4, the liquid fuel is vaporized using the radiant heat from the combustion chamber 4, gasified, and then supplied to the combustion chamber 4 for combustion. A warm air generator using a combustion device has also been developed. FIG. 4 is an enlarged view of a configuration of a combustion apparatus 50 that burns vaporized fuel that can be applied to a hot air generator, focusing on a portion to be vaporized. The combustion device 50 includes a cylindrical combustion chamber 4 extending in the horizontal direction, and a rear side 4b, that is, a vaporization device 20 disposed on the upstream side with respect to a side from which combustion gas is blown out to generate hot air. It has. The vaporizer 20 includes a vaporization cylinder 22 supported so as to be swiveled by a central shaft 21, and liquid fuel 19 such as kerosene supplied from a fuel pipe 29 is discharged from the combustion chamber 4 on the inner surface 22 a of the vaporization cylinder 22. It is vaporized by radiant heat and supplied to the combustion chamber 4 through the gas chamber 23. In order to smoothly supply the liquid fuel 19 from the fixed fuel pipe 29 to the central portion of the inner surface 22a of the vaporizing cylinder 22 that rotates, a diffuser 30 having a diffusing surface 32 is attached to the central shaft 21. It turns with the vaporizing cylinder 22. The liquid fuel supplied from the diffuser 30 to the inner surface 22a of the vaporizing cylinder 22 spreads in a thin film shape on the inner surface 22a by centrifugal force and gradually vaporizes into a gaseous state. The gaseous fuel is mixed in the mixing space 25 between the vaporizing cylinder 22 and the through-cylinder 24 with the combustion air supplied to the inside of the vaporizing cylinder 22 through the through-cylinder 24 installed concentrically inside the vaporizing cylinder 22. It is sent to a gas chamber 23 located around the vaporizing cylinder 22. This mixed fuel is supplied into the combustion chamber 4 from the gas supply port 26a of the combustion disc 26 that separates the gas chamber 23 and the combustion chamber 4, and combustion is performed.
[0004]
When such a combustion apparatus 50 is ignited, since the liquid fuel cannot be vaporized, the sprayed liquid fuel discharged from the fuel scattering hole 28 or the gap provided in the vaporizing cylinder 22 is ignited. When the temperature of the combustion chamber rises and the liquid fuel can be gasified (vaporized) by the vaporizer 20, the fuel gasified from the combustion disk 26 or the gap 27 between the vaporization cylinder 22 and the combustion disk 26 is burned. Combustion by the gasified fuel supplied to the chamber 4 starts.
[0005]
In such a combustion apparatus, the mixed gas released into the combustion chamber is liquefied on the wall surface of the combustion chamber and becomes drainage and accumulates on the lower surface of the combustion chamber 4, or the liquid fuel sprayed into the combustion chamber at the time of ignition is unburned. It may become drainage in the state and collect on the lower surface of the combustion chamber 4. If this drain is left in the combustion chamber, the temperature in the combustion chamber will become uneven and cause incomplete combustion, or the volatile components of the drain will evaporate and the residue after evaporation will accumulate in the combustion chamber. There are things to do. For this reason, it is desirable to provide a drain discharge port at the lowermost part of the combustion chamber and discharge it in a timely manner and collect it in the fuel tank.
[0006]
However, since the temperature in the combustion chamber becomes high, the fuel liquefied in the combustion chamber is altered. Therefore, if it is returned to the fuel tank as it is and reused, the fuel system may be clogged or gasification of the vaporizer may be obstructed. Further, since the combustion chamber is connected to the fuel tank through the drain system, there is a possibility that the flame may propagate to the drain pipe and the fuel tank filled with the combustible gas depending on the diameter of the drain pipe. Although it is possible to provide a drain tank to collect the drain, it is dangerous to treat the drain accumulated in the drain tank and the flammable liquid may leak from the drain tank. It is. Although there is a method of not collecting drain from the combustion chamber, the above-mentioned problems occur, and in particular, drain is likely to be generated at the time of ignition. Therefore, leaving it without collecting it tends to make the ignition state unstable. In addition, the drain remaining in the combustion chamber is a major factor in generating odor.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a safer combustion apparatus that can smoothly collect drain during ignition and suppress the collection of drain during combustion as much as possible.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
For this reason, in the combustion apparatus of the present invention, the drain of the combustion chamber is not discharged as it is, but is led to a gas chamber for supplying vaporized fuel to the combustion chamber and recovered via the gas chamber. Yes. That is, the present invention has a combustion chamber in which a flame is formed by vaporized liquid fuel, and a gas chamber capable of supplying liquid fuel vaporized by heat from the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber. In a combustion apparatus in which a chamber is disposed adjacent to a horizontal direction across a combustion disc having a plurality of ejection holes capable of ejecting vaporized liquid fuel, the combustion chamber drain is provided to flow to the gas chamber. And a drain recovery part provided at the lowermost part of the gas chamber.
[0009]
By collecting the drain of the combustion chamber via the gas chamber, there is no need to directly connect the combustion chamber and the drain collection destination, for example, the fuel tank, with a drain pipe, etc. Can be avoided. Further, since the drain at the time of ignition is recovered via the gas chamber, it is not left in the combustion chamber. Further, although drain is generated in the gas chamber at the time of ignition or the like, since this drain can be recovered together, the drain recovery system can be simplified.
[0010]
On the other hand, when combustion is started and gasification is constantly performed, the gasified fuel is supplied into the combustion chamber even from the gas chamber through the communicating portion. Therefore, the drain generated in the combustion chamber is vaporized and burned in the combustion chamber by the flame of the gasified fuel supplied from the communication portion. In the steady state after the start of gasification, the amount of drain generated in the combustion chamber is very small. For this reason, it is possible to burn out almost in the combustion chamber by assisting with the flame caused by the gas discharged from the small diameter communicating portion. Therefore, even if the drain recovery unit from the gas chamber is connected to the fuel tank, the fuel that has been exposed to high temperatures and deteriorated in the combustion chamber will not be recovered to the fuel tank, causing trouble in the fuel system or the vaporizer. It will not be.
[0011]
It is desirable that the communication portion includes a communication groove that connects the combustion chamber side and the gas chamber side of the combustion disk. The drain generated in the combustion chamber along the communication groove can be smoothly guided to the gas chamber, and the residence time for the drain to burn in the combustion chamber can be easily secured.
[0012]
Therefore, the hot air generator that uses the combustion device of the present invention and the blower that supplies the outside air from the rear of the combustion device to mix the combustion gas of the combustion device and the outside air into the warm air to be discharged from the front. In this case, the recovery of the drain at the start-up is performed smoothly, it is possible to suppress the generation of odors, etc., and it is safer, and further, the deteriorated fuel is not recovered in the fuel tank, so there is no trouble associated with it. Can be prevented.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an enlarged view of the rear side of the combustion device of the hot air generator equipped with the combustion device according to the present invention. The schematic configuration of this hot air generator 1 is the same as that shown in FIG. 3 previously, and a combustion device having a cylindrical combustion chamber 4 is installed inside a cylindrical housing 3 and discharged from the combustion device. The generated combustion gas and the outside air that has passed through the housing 3 are mixed and discharged as warm air from the front of the housing 3. Therefore, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to a common part and description about the outline | summary of the warm air generator 1 is abbreviate | omitted below.
[0014]
The warm air generator 1 of this example is equipped with a combustion device 50 capable of gasifying and burning the liquid fuel of the type described with reference to FIG. 4, and this combustion device 50 also has a combustion chamber extending in the horizontal direction. 4, a vaporizer 20 that gasifies liquid fuel and supplies it to the combustion chamber 4 is disposed adjacent to the horizontal direction. The main configuration of the vaporizer 20 is substantially the same as that described above with reference to FIG. 4. The vaporization cylinder 22 for gasifying liquid fuel by radiant heat from the combustion chamber 4, and the vaporization cylinder 22 A diffuser 30 for guiding the liquid fuel 19 supplied from the fuel pipe 29 to the inner surface 22a is rotatably provided by the central shaft 21. Furthermore, the central shaft 21 of the vaporizer 20 is connected to the shaft of a double-shaft type motor 40, and the motor 50 supplies the combustion air to the blower 13 that sends outside air into the housing 3 and sends it to the combustion chamber 4. The blower fan 10 is rotated together with the vaporizing cylinder 22.
[0015]
The vaporizing cylinder 22 of this example is a saddle type with the bottom facing the combustion chamber 4. The outer surface of the vaporizing cylinder 22 is red-heated by radiant heat from the combustion chamber 4, and the liquid fuel 19 such as kerosene supplied to the inner surface 22 a by the heat. It has come to be gasified. The gasified fuel is mixed with the combustion air supplied through the through-cylinder 24 installed concentrically inside the vaporizing cylinder 22 and the mixing space 25 between the vaporizing cylinder 22 and the through-cylinder 24. It is sent to the gas chamber 23 located around. Then, a mixed gas of the gas vaporized from the liquid fuel and the combustion air is supplied to the combustion chamber 4 from the gas supply port 26 a of the combustion plate 26 that separates the gas chamber 23 and the combustion chamber 4, and combustion is performed in the combustion chamber 4. Further, the vaporized fuel is also supplied to the combustion chamber 4 from a gap 27 between the vaporizing cylinder 22 and the combustion disk 26.
[0016]
A flame rod 18 for monitoring the flame and an ignition rod 9 for ignition are installed on the combustion chamber 4 side of the combustion plate 26. In the rotary vaporizer 20 of this example, the liquid fuel is not vaporized unless combustion occurs in the combustion chamber 4. For this reason, when ignited, the liquid fuel diffused by the inner surface 22 a of the vaporizing cylinder 22 is discharged into the combustion chamber 4 from the fuel scattering hole 28 provided in the vaporizing cylinder 22 in a state 19 a that is not vaporized and ignited by the ignition rod 9. Is done. When combustion occurs in the combustion chamber 4, liquid fuel is vaporized in the vaporizing cylinder 22, supplied in a gasified state, and combustion is continued by the gasified fuel.
[0017]
In the combustion apparatus 50 of this example, a groove-like recess 61 extends in the horizontal direction along the central axis of the cylindrical combustion chamber 4 in the lowermost part 4a of the rear 4b of the combustion chamber 4, and It passes through the bottom 23a of the gas chamber 23 through the bottom. Therefore, an opening 62 by the groove 61 is opened under the combustion plate 26, and the combustion chamber 4 and the gas chamber 23 arranged adjacent to each other in the horizontal direction are in communication with each other through the opening 62. . Further, a drain recovery unit 63 connected to the fuel tank is connected to the lowermost portion 23a of the gas chamber. For this reason, the drain generated in the combustion chamber 4 at the time of ignition or the like enters the gas chamber 23 through the groove 61, and the drain recovery unit 63 provided on the bottom surface 23 a of the gas chamber 23 together with the drain generated in the gas chamber 23. After that, it is collected in the fuel tank. On the other hand, when the combustion in the combustion chamber 4 is stabilized and the liquid fuel is gasified by the vaporizer 20 and the gasified fuel is supplied to the combustion chamber 4, the opening 62 is added to the ejection port 26 a of the combustion plate 26. The gasified fuel passes through the combustion chamber 4. Therefore, a flame is formed immediately above the groove 61, and the drain recovered in the groove 61 is vaporized and burned by heat from the flame.
[0018]
FIG. 2 is an enlarged view of a portion where the gas chamber 23 and the combustion chamber 4 communicate with each other. FIG. 2A shows a section along the communicating groove 61, and FIG. 2B shows a state viewed from the direction of the combustion chamber 4 perpendicular to the groove 61. First, at the time of ignition, as shown in FIG. 2A, the liquid fuel that has not been burned out of the mist-like liquid fuel 19 a discharged into the combustion chamber 4 falls to the bottom of the combustion chamber 4 and drains. 69. The drain 69 is collected in the groove 61 and flows into the gas chamber 23 through the opening 62 along the groove 61. Then, the fuel is recovered into the fuel tank through the drain recovery part 63. Therefore, since the fuel that was not burned at the time of ignition is collected in the fuel tank, the volatile matter of the unburned fuel is burned by the flame and evaporated to cause an unpleasant odor, or the unburned fuel It is possible to prevent the evaporation residue from being accumulated in the combustion chamber. Further, since the temperature of the combustion chamber 4 is not so high at the time of ignition, the drained fuel is not altered, and waste of the fuel can be prevented by collecting the drain into the fuel tank. Furthermore, since the collected drain is supplied again to the combustion chamber 4 through the vaporizer 20 and burned, it is self-treated inside the hot air generator 1 and the time and labor for discarding the drain can be saved.
[0019]
After the ignition, when the combustion is stabilized and gasification is performed in the vaporizer 20, the gasified fuel is also supplied from the opening 62 to the combustion chamber 4. Therefore, when drain is generated in the combustion chamber 4 and collected in the groove 61, it is assisted by the flame generated by the gas ejected from the opening 62, and the drain is vaporized and burned. For this reason, the drained and altered inside the combustion chamber 4 is treated in the combustion chamber and is not collected in the fuel tank. Therefore, troubles caused by the deteriorated fuel, for example, troubles such as clogging of the fuel system or loss of balance of rotation due to adhesion to the vaporizing cylinder 22 can be prevented in advance. Further, when a large amount of drain is generated when the fire is extinguished, the fuel is recovered to the fuel tank through the groove 61, the opening 62 and the drain recovery part 63 as in the case of ignition. As described above, in the combustion apparatus 50 of this example, even when ignition is performed or when the combustion apparatus is not ignited, if an amount of drain that cannot be combusted in the combustion chamber is generated, the drain can be discharged without stopping in the combustion chamber. For this reason, it is possible to prevent troubles such as uneven temperature due to drainage and generation of odor.
[0020]
Further, in the combustion device 50 of the present embodiment, since de Len recovery unit 63 for recovering the drainage 69 generated in the combustion chamber 4 is provided in the gas chamber 23, never drain recovery unit 63 is exposed to the flame . Therefore, compared with the case where the drain recovery part is directly attached to the combustion chamber 4, there is no danger that the flame propagates in the drain pipe, and it is very safe. Further, in the combustion apparatus 50 of this example, the drain in the combustion chamber 4 can be recovered together with the drain in the gas chamber 23 by the drain recovery unit 63, so that the drain recovery system can be simplified.
[0021]
For the combustion apparatus 50 of this example, a system in which the drain of the gas chamber 23 is guided to the combustion chamber 4 and recovered in common by the drain recovery unit connected to the combustion chamber 4 is possible. The drainage that has become trapped is also collected in the fuel tank, and there is a possibility that the drain recovery unit comes into contact with the flame. Furthermore, once the drain of the gas chamber 23 is guided to the combustion chamber 4, there is a possibility that the gas will be deteriorated, which may cause a trouble in the fuel system. However, if it is a combustion apparatus of this example, drain can be collect | recovered so that all these troubles may not generate | occur | produce.
[0022]
In the above example, a groove 61 is provided to guide the drain from the combustion chamber 4 to the gas chamber 23 so that the combustion chamber 4 and the gas chamber 23 are communicated with each other. Of course, the combustion chamber and the gas chamber 23 may communicate with each other. However, in order for the drain to evaporate and burn in the combustion chamber, a certain amount of residence time is required. Therefore, a groove-shaped portion suitable for drain recovery is provided so that the drain flows along the groove for a certain period of time. It is desirable to make it. In addition, the drain collection destination may not be the fuel tank. However, as described above, since the self-processing is performed by collecting in the fuel tank, it is possible to save the user from having to process the drain. Furthermore, in the above description, the present invention has been described by taking the combustion apparatus in which the rotary type vaporizer 20 is installed as an example. However, the present invention is not limited to this type of vaporizer, and the gas chamber is adjacent to the combustion chamber. The present invention can be applied to any combustion apparatus that is installed so that the drain from the combustion chamber can flow smoothly into the gas chamber.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, in the present invention, the drain generated in the combustion chamber is guided to the gas chamber disposed adjacent to the combustion chamber via the communication portion, and passes through the drain recovery portion provided in the gas chamber. The fuel is collected in a fuel tank. Therefore, the drain generated at the time of ignition can be collected smoothly in the fuel tank or the like . On the other hand, drains that are generated in a steady-state combustion chamber and deteriorated by exposure to high temperatures may be prevented from being collected in a fuel tank or the like by being burned with a flame of gas released from the communicating portion. it can. Therefore, it is possible to prevent troubles such as the fuel system being clogged with the deteriorated fuel. Further, since the drain recovery part is provided in the gas chamber, it is not exposed to the flame, and it is very safe without any trouble that the flame propagates through the drain pipe.
[0024]
Thus, since the combustion apparatus of the present invention is a type in which liquid fuel is vaporized into a gaseous form and then combusted in the combustion chamber, it is a combustion apparatus that has good combustion efficiency and can be miniaturized. Furthermore, the combustion apparatus of the present invention is a combustion apparatus that can safely and reliably recover the drain generated in the combustion chamber, and can also prevent troubles caused by the drain such as odor generation during ignition. Therefore, by adopting the combustion apparatus according to the present invention in a hot air generator, a hot air generator that is compact, has high combustion efficiency, is safer, and can supply hot air that is cleaner can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an enlarged view showing a portion related to a combustion device in a hot air generator equipped with the combustion device according to the present invention.
2 is an enlarged view showing a configuration related to drain recovery of the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 2 (a) shows a cross section, and FIG. 2 (b) shows a state seen from the combustion chamber side. It is.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a general configuration of a hot air generator.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a general configuration of a combustion apparatus including a rotary type vaporizer.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Hot air generator 3 Housing 4 Combustion chambers 5 and 50 Combustion device 9 Ignition rod 10 Blower 13 Blower 20 Vaporizer 21 Center axis 22 of rotation Vaporization cylinder 22a Inner surface 23 of vaporization cylinder Gas chamber 24 Cylinder 26 Combustion disc 29 Fuel pipe 30 Diffuser 31 Tip 32 Diffusion surface 40 Motor 61 Drain collecting groove 62 Opening 63 connecting combustion chamber and gas chamber Drain collecting unit 69 Drain

Claims (3)

A combustion chamber in which a flame is formed by the vaporized liquid fuel; and a gas chamber capable of supplying liquid fuel vaporized by heat from the combustion chamber to the combustion chamber. The gas chamber and the combustion chamber are vaporized. A combustion apparatus arranged adjacent to the horizontal direction across a combustion disc having a plurality of ejection holes capable of ejecting the liquid fuel,
A combustion apparatus comprising: a communication portion provided so that the drain of the combustion chamber flows to the gas chamber; and a drain recovery portion provided at a lowermost portion of the gas chamber.   2. The combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the communication portion includes a communication groove that communicates a combustion chamber side and a gas chamber side of the combustion disc.   A combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, and a blower for supplying outside air from the rear of the combustion apparatus, wherein the combustion gas of the combustion apparatus and the outside air are mixed to form hot air to the front of the combustion apparatus. The hot air generator characterized by being discharged from.

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