JP4075899B2 - Manufacturing method of swash plate - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for manufacturing a swash plate, and more particularly to an improvement in a method for manufacturing a swash plate used in, for example, a swash plate compressor.

Conventionally, as a swash plate compressor, a compressor including a swash plate provided rotatably and a shoe having a sliding surface sliding with the swash plate is known (for example, Patent Document 1 and Patent Document 2).
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-153169 JP 2002-317757 A

By the way, the above-described conventional swash plate compressor has recently been used under conditions of high speed and high load and a small amount of lubricating oil. Thus, recently, the operating conditions of swash plate compressors have become increasingly severe, and as a result, there has been a problem that swash plates and shoes are worn heavily, and they are more likely to seize.
Furthermore, in order to improve the sliding characteristics of the swash plate, the surface of the sliding surface of the swash plate has been conventionally treated or the sliding surface of the swash plate has been modified. However, there is a drawback that the manufacturing cost of the swash plate is increased by performing a proper process.

In view of the circumstances described above, the present invention provides a swash plate manufacturing method including a sliding surface that slides with a shoe on at least one of both end surfaces.
The sliding surface of the base material to be a swash plate is hardened in a linear or spot shape to form a minute bulge , and then lapped to form the sliding surface as a smooth surface. Then, by forming a minute bulge on the sliding surface again by buffing,
Formed on the sliding surface, the hardness of the base material, the hardness of the bulging portion that has been hardened to be greater than the hardness of the base material, and is formed around the bulging portion and annealed. The hardness of the annealed portion that is smaller than the hardness of the base material is formed .

According to such a manufacturing method , it is possible to provide a swash plate having better seizure resistance as compared with the prior art.

The present invention will be described below with reference to the illustrated embodiment. In FIG. 1, a sliding device 1 is provided in a housing of a swash plate compressor. The sliding device 1 includes a swash plate 3 that is attached to a rotating shaft 2 that is pivotally supported in the housing, and a plurality of shoes 4 that slide on the swash plate 3.
As shown in FIG. 2, the swash plate 3 is formed in a donut-shaped disk, and both end surfaces of the swash plate 3 are flat sliding surfaces 3 </ b> A and 3 </ b> A that slide with the shoe 4. ing.
On the other hand, the shoe 4 is formed in a hemispherical shape as a whole, and is composed of a sliding surface 4A that slides on the sliding surface 3A of the swash plate 3 and a hemispherical convex surface 4B that is hemispherical.

In the housing of the swash plate compressor, a plurality of pistons 5 are arranged in parallel to and surrounding the rotary shaft 2. A pair of two shoes 4 is slidably held in an arc-shaped cutout 5A formed at one end of each piston 5, and the cutout 5A in this state is attached to the outer peripheral portion of the swash plate 3. Simultaneously with the arrangement, the sliding surfaces 4A of each pair of shoes 4 are brought into contact with the sliding surfaces 3A of the swash plate 3.
When the rotary shaft 2 is rotated, the swash plate 3 rotates, and the sliding surfaces 3A, which are both end surfaces of the swash plate 3, and the sliding surfaces 4A of the shoes 4 of each set slide, and accordingly. Thus, each piston 5 is moved back and forth in the axial direction via each pair of shoes 4.
The configuration described above is not different from that of a conventionally known sliding device.

Thus, in this embodiment, the entire surface of both sliding surfaces 3A and 3A in the swash plate 3 is quenched by laser irradiation as will be described later, whereby the resistance of the sliding surfaces 3A and 3A is improved. The seizure property is improved.
That is, the quenching process to the sliding surfaces 3A and 3A of the swash plate 3 of this embodiment and the subsequent steps will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 2, with respect to the entire area of both sliding surfaces 3A and 3A which are end surfaces of a swash plate 3 (base material) manufactured in a donut-shaped disk shape by SUJ2 which is an iron-based material, The YAG laser is irradiated so as to draw a large number of small circles 6 having the same diameter.
The diameter of each circle 6 is set to 0.8 mm, and as shown in FIG. 3, the arrangement state of each circle 6 is centered on each intersection when vertical and horizontal parallel lines are drawn at the same pitch P. As described above, the laser is irradiated on the sliding surface 3A so as to draw each circle 6 with a radius of 0.4 mm. In this embodiment, the pitch P is set to 1.1 mm.
The output of the YAG laser irradiating both the sliding surfaces 3A is 50 W, and the condenser lens is adjusted so that the YAG laser is focused at a position 2 mm deep with respect to the surface of the sliding surface 3A. Therefore, the surface of the sliding surface 3A is irradiated with the YAG laser in a defocused state. Thus, the width and depth of quenching are adjusted by defocusing the laser focus.

As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the locations of the respective circles 6 on the sliding surface 3 </ b> A irradiated with the laser in this way bulge into an annular bulging portion 7. A tapered concave portion 8 whose lower side is narrowed is formed on the adjacent inner side. That is, by irradiating the sliding surface 3 </ b> A with a laser so as to form the respective circles 6, a crater-like annular bulging portion 7 is formed at a position of the circle 6 irradiated with the laser. The height h of the annular bulging portion 7 and the depth of the concave portion 8 after laser irradiation are about 1 to 3 μm. Further, on the radially outward side of each annular bulging portion 7, a mesh-like concave portion 10 that communicates with each other and reaches the outer peripheral portion of the sliding surface 4 </ b> A is formed.
Each annular bulging portion 7 and its inner portion 11 in the depth direction (a portion above the broken line 9) have a hardness of about Hv100 higher than Hv750 which is the hardness of the base material of the swash plate 3. Quenching has been done. The quenching width B by this quenching is set to 0.3 mm.
On the other hand, the radially inner side of each annular bulge 7 on the sliding surface 3A and the outer part of the annular bulge 7 (location of the concave portion 8 and the mesh-shaped concave portion 10) are annealed and annealed. The hardness of the portion is lower than that of the base material by about Hv100.

In this embodiment, the laser is irradiated so as to draw a large number of circles 6 on both sliding surfaces 3A and 3A of the swash plate 3 as described above, so that a large number of minute annular bulges 7 are firstly formed. And the recessed part 8 and the mesh-shaped recessed part 10 are formed.
Then, grinding is performed for the purpose of eliminating variations in roughness and shape due to laser irradiation. Grinding in the present embodiment consists of lapping and buffing, and by lapping, all the annular bulging portions 7 on both sliding surfaces 3A are once deleted to make the sliding surface 3A smooth, and thereafter Buffing is performed on both sliding surfaces 3A, and the processing is completed.
After the processing is completed in this manner, as shown in FIG. 6, the annular bulges are formed at the locations of the circles 6 (the locations of the annular bulging portions 7) irradiated with the laser over the entire sliding surface 3A. An annular bulging portion 7 ′ similar to the portion 7 is formed, and a concave portion 8 ′ similar to the concave portion 8 is formed radially inward of each annular bulging portion 7 ′. Furthermore, a lubricating oil passage 10 'formed of a mesh-shaped recess through which the lubricating oil can flow is formed outward of each annular bulging portion 7' in the radial direction.
This is because the initial annular bulging portion 7 is deleted by lapping and then buffed, so that the hardness of the inner portion 11 in the depth direction of the annular bulging portion 7 is the hardness of its peripheral portion. Therefore, the portion with high hardness remains in an annular shape, so that the annular bulging portion 7 ', the concave portion 8' and the lubricating oil passage 10 'are formed.
In the present embodiment, a quenching portion is formed by a large number of annular bulging portions 8 ′ formed in this way. Each recess 8 'functions as a reservoir for storing the lubricating oil, and the lubricating oil can flow in the lubricating oil passage 10'.
As shown in FIG. 6, the height h (depth of the recess 8 ′) of each annular bulging portion 7 ′ after grinding is 0.05 to 0.3 μm, and the maximum width W (hem) of the cross section The radial dimension of the portion is about 0.3 mm which is the same as the quenching width. The diameter D1 of the peak of each annular bulge 7 ′ is 0.8 mm, which is the same as the diameter of the circle 6 at the time of laser irradiation. The diameter D2 of the outer peripheral edge of the annular bulging portion 7 ′ is about 1.1 mm, and the diameter D3 of the inner peripheral edge of the annular bulging portion 7 ′ is about 0.5 mm.

As described above, on both sliding surfaces 3A of the swash plate 3 of this embodiment, a large number of annular bulges 7 'are formed by laser quenching, and the recesses 8 store the lubricating oil radially inward. 'Is formed, and lubricating oil is stored in these recesses 8'. In addition, since the sliding surface 3A is provided with a large number of annular bulging portions 7 ′, the contact surface pressure can be reduced when the sliding surface 3A slides with the sliding surface 4A of the shoe 4.
In addition, since the lubricating oil passage 10 'formed of a mesh-like recess is formed at the outer position adjacent to each annular bulging portion 7', even when the sliding surfaces 3A and 4A of both members slide. The lubricating oil can circulate through the lubricating oil passage 10 '.
Therefore, the load capacity of the sliding surface 4A of the shoe 4 can be improved, and as a result, the shoe 4 having excellent wear resistance can be provided.

In the above embodiment, laser quenching and subsequent processing are performed on both sliding surfaces 3A of the swash plate 3 made of SUJ2, which is an iron-based material as a base material. After the surface treatment is performed on the surface 3A, the above-described laser quenching and subsequent processing may be performed.
That is, before laser quenching of the swash plate 3, the entire sliding surfaces 3A of the swash plate 3 are subjected to any of quenching, nitriding treatment, or plating, and then both in the manner described above. The annular bulging portion 7 ′ may be formed by performing laser quenching and subsequent processing on the sliding surface 3A. As quenching, induction quenching or vacuum quenching can be used, and as nitriding treatment, ordinary nitriding treatment or carbonitriding treatment can be used, and as plating, Ni-P or Ni-P-B plating is used. Can be adopted.
In addition, after the surface treatment is performed, the annular bulging portion 7 'is formed on the sliding surface 3A by laser irradiation and subsequent processing, and then the surface treatment is performed with an inexpensive thin film over the entire sliding surface 3A. You may make it give. As the surface treatment with such an inexpensive thin film, Sn, Sn alloy, solder alloy and silver plating can be used, and plating of Mn phosphate and Zn phosphate may be used. Further, a solid lubricant (MoS ₂ , PTFE, Gr) coat may be used.
Further, in the case where the annular bulging portion 7 'is formed on the sliding surface 3A by laser quenching and subsequent processing after the above-described Ni-P or Ni-P-B plating is applied, An aluminum silicon alloy may be used as the base material instead of the iron-based material.
In the above embodiment, the annular bulges 7 ′ are arranged at equal intervals in the vertical and horizontal directions. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the annular bulges 7 ′ are formed in a staggered manner. Also good.

Further, in the above-described embodiment, the laser is irradiated on the sliding surface 3A so as to form a large number of minute circles. However, in order to form the bulging portion 7 ′ as a quenching portion, sliding is performed. The surface 3A may be irradiated with a laser in a linear or dotted manner. That is, the embodiment of FIG. 8 irradiates the sliding surface 3A with a laser beam in a lattice shape, and the embodiment of FIG. 9 irradiates the laser with a straight line parallel to the sliding surface 3A. is there. Further, the embodiment of FIG. 10 irradiates the sliding surface 3A with a laser concentrically, and the embodiment of FIG. 11 irradiates the sliding surface 3A with a spiral. . Furthermore, the embodiment of FIG. 12 irradiates a laser beam in a dot shape at the position of an intersection point in parallel lines in the vertical and horizontal directions with respect to the sliding surface 3A.
In the embodiments shown in FIGS. 8 to 12, the laser irradiation position is a minute bulging portion 7 ′, and a lubricating oil passage or a recess for storing lubricating oil is formed in the adjacent portion. Become.
Even in this embodiment, the same operation and effect as the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 can be obtained.
In each of the embodiments described above, the bulging portion 7 ′ (annular bulging portion 7 ′) is formed in the entire area of both sliding surfaces 3A and 3A of the swash plate 3, but one sliding surface The bulging portion 7 ′ (annular bulging portion 7 ′) may be formed only in 3A. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 13 , an annular bulging portion 7 ′ (bulging portion 7 ′) may be formed only in a part where the surface pressure on one sliding surface 3 </ b> A increases.

Sectional drawing of the principal part which shows one Example of this invention. The top view of the swash plate shown in FIG. The enlarged view which shows the manufacturing process of the principal part shown in FIG. The enlarged view of the principal part of FIG. Sectional drawing which follows the VV line | wire of FIG. Sectional drawing of the principal part which follows the VI-VI line of FIG. The top view of the principal part of the sliding surface 3A which shows the other Example of this invention. The top view of the swash plate 3 which shows the other Example of this invention. The top view of the slope 3 which shows the other Example of this invention. The top view of the swash plate 3 which shows the other Example of this invention. The top view of the swash plate 3 which shows the other Example of this invention. The top view of the swash plate 3 which shows the other Example of this invention. The top view of 3 A of sliding surfaces which show the other Example of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

3 ... Swash plate 3A ... Sliding surface 6 ... Circle 7 '... Annular bulging part (quenched part)
8 '... concave 10' ... lubricant passage

Claims (7)

In a method of manufacturing a swash plate having a sliding surface that slides with a shoe on at least one of both end faces,
The sliding surface of the base material to be a swash plate is hardened in a linear or spot shape to form a minute bulge , and then lapped to form the sliding surface as a smooth surface. Then, by forming a minute bulge on the sliding surface again by buffing,
Formed on the sliding surface, the hardness of the base material, the hardness of the bulging portion that has been hardened to be greater than the hardness of the base material, and is formed around the bulging portion and annealed. A method for producing a swash plate , characterized in that the hardness of the annealed portion that is smaller than the hardness of the base material is formed . 2. The method for manufacturing a swash plate according to claim 1, wherein a lubricating oil passage made of a recess through which lubricating oil can flow is formed adjacent to the bulging portion. The bulging portion is an annular bulging portion, and the annular bulging portion is formed by irradiating a laser so as to draw a large number of minute circles on the surface of the base material. the inner side and reservoir capable recess is formed a lubricating oil, the lubricating oil passage, to claim 2, characterized in that it consists of reticulated recess located on the outer side of the annular swelling portion The manufacturing method of swash plate of description. The swash plate manufacturing method according to claim 3, wherein the annular bulges are formed at equal pitches at intersections of staggered or vertical and horizontal parallel lines. The diameter of the circle when irradiating the base material with a laser is set to 0.8 mm, the pitch is set to 1.1 mm, and the height of the bulging portion is 0.05 to 5. The method for manufacturing a swash plate according to claim 3, wherein the swash plate is 0.3 [mu] m. The said bulging part is formed by irradiating a laser in the shape of a lattice, a parallel straight line, a concentric circle, or a spiral with respect to the surface of the base material. Manufacturing method of swash plate. The swash plate manufacturing method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the bulging portion is formed in the entire area of the sliding surface or in a part of the circumferential direction.

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