JP4086404B2 - Aluminum alloy door beam - Google Patents
Aluminum alloy door beam Download PDFInfo
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- JP4086404B2 JP4086404B2 JP05157899A JP5157899A JP4086404B2 JP 4086404 B2 JP4086404 B2 JP 4086404B2 JP 05157899 A JP05157899 A JP 05157899A JP 5157899 A JP5157899 A JP 5157899A JP 4086404 B2 JP4086404 B2 JP 4086404B2
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- door beam
- aluminum alloy
- charpy impact
- side flange
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- 229910000838 Al alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims description 24
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 27
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 229910018571 Al—Zn—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 229910018566 Al—Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052748 manganese Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000005482 strain hardening Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 description 7
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 6
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000012141 concentrate Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000007935 neutral effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 229910007981 Si-Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910008316 Si—Mg Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 238000007796 conventional method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005336 cracking Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009863 impact test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001771 impaired effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052738 indium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000765 intermetallic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007670 refining Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005728 strengthening Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009864 tensile test Methods 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車のドア補強部材として使用されるアルミニウム合金製ドアビームに関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図1に示すように、アルミニウム合金製ドアビームの両端部を支持した状態で、中央部に圧縮側から荷重(P)を付加していく(3点曲げ試験という)と、ドアビームの中央部は押し込まれて曲げ変形を起こし、引張側(乗員側)フランジに引張力が作用する。さらに変位量(δ)が増大し、この引張力が材料の破断限界値を超えると、引張側フランジに破断(亀裂)が生じる。
ドアビームの性能は実験室レベルではこの3点曲げ試験の結果で評価され、測定された曲げ荷重(P)−変形量(δ)曲線において、最大荷重が大きく、破断するまでの変位が大きくエネルギー吸収量が大きい方が望ましいとされている。
【0003】
破断までの変位(破断変位)を増大させるため、特開平5−246242号公報では、曲げの中立軸の位置を引張側に必要量だけ偏らせることが開示されており、また特開平6−171362号公報では、中立軸を偏らせるのに加え、最大曲げ強度を達成した後に圧縮側に局部座屈を誘発し、引張側フランジにかかる応力を急激に下げることが開示されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
一方、近年の安全対策の高まりの中で、最近ではドアビームの適用車種が小型車へも広がる傾向にあり、その場合、ビーム長が短くなり、従来のビーム長の長いドアビームに比べ小さい変位量で破断が生じてしまう。そのとき特にドアビームの2つ折れ、引張フランジ側の亀裂、そのほか乗員側に向けて先が飛び出すような割れが発生すると、実車においてドアビームにより乗員に危害が及ぶ恐れがある。また、重量を増やすことなしに初期剛性を稼ぐためには、ビーム高さを大きくして断面二次モーメントを大きくすることが有効であり、そうしたドアビームも設計されるようになったが、その場合、従来のものに比べ小さい変位量で引張側フランジの破断が生じ、乗員に危険が及ぶ可能性がある。
【0005】
本発明は、このようなアルミニウム合金製ドアビームの現状に鑑みてなされたもので、ドアビームの耐破断性を向上させ、乗員の一層の安全を確保することを目的とする。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、特に人工時効処理したAl−Zn−Mg系及びAl−Si−Mg系アルミニウム合金の押出形材からなるドアビームについて、耐破断性を向上させるための検討を重ねる過程で、ドアビームが曲げを受けたときの変形形態と当該合金の加工硬化指数(n値)及びシャルピー衝撃値に相関があることを見いだした。本発明はその知見に基づいてなされたものである。
すなわち、本発明に係るAl−Zn−Mg系アルミニウム合金製ドアビームは、n値が0.05〜0.17であり、あるいは同時にシャルピー衝撃値が20〜45J/cm2であることを特徴とする。また、Al−Si−Mg系アルミニウム合金製ドアビーム材は、n値が0.07〜0.20であり、あるいは同時にシャルピー衝撃値が25〜50J/cm2であることを特徴とする。
【0007】
【発明の実施の形態】
ドアビームの耐破断性がn値あるいはさらにシャルピー衝撃値に依存するのは次のように考えられる。例えばドアビームが特定箇所に曲げ荷重を受け、そこが塑性変形を始めると、変形した箇所が加工硬化してそれ以上の変形が起こりにくくなるため、まだ加工硬化していない両側に変形が伝搬し、そこがさらに加工硬化するというように、変形が次々と左右に伝搬していく。n値が大きいほどこの加工硬化と変形の伝搬が起こりやすく、結果的に広い範囲が均一に変形して一箇所に歪みが集中することがないが、n値が小さくなると加工硬化と変形の伝搬が起こりにくく、一箇所に歪みが集中しやすくなる。いずれの場合も加えられた歪みが材料の限界点を超えたとき破断が発生するが、同じ変位量(δ)であればn値が大きい場合は歪みが分散されて破断しにくく、n値が小さいと歪みが集中して破断しやすい。一方、シャルピー衝撃値は脆性破壊に対する抵抗力を示すものであり、上記の歪みの限界点に関係すると考えられる。つまり、これが大きいと材料の歪みの限界点が大きく破断しにくくなり、小さいと歪みの限界点が小さく破断しやすくなる。
【0008】
このように、耐破断性にのみ着目すれば、n値が大きく、シャルピー衝撃値が大きいほどドアビームとして望ましい特性ということができる。しかし、Al−Zn−Mg系又はAl−Si−Mg系アルミニウム合金において、n値が余り大きいと一般に材料強度が低下し、初期の曲げ強度が低くなってドアビームの基本性能である最大荷重を確保できなくなり、エネルギー吸収量も減少する。さらに、シャルピー衝撃値が余り大きいと同じく材料強度が低下し、ドアビームとして必要な最大荷重及びエネルギー吸収量が得られない。
従って、ドアビーム材のn値及びシャルピー衝撃値には、耐破断性に優れ、しかも最大荷重及びエネルギー吸収量を犠牲にしない範囲が存在する。それが前記の数値である。より望ましい範囲は、Al−Zn−Mg系が、n値:0.05〜0.11、シャルピー衝撃値:23〜34J/cm2、Al−Si−Mg系が、n値:0.07〜0.15、シャルピー衝撃値:31〜49J/cm2、さらに、シャルピー衝撃値の最適値はAl−Zn−Mg系が23〜30J/cm2、Al−Si−Mg系が31〜35J/cm2である。
【0009】
なお、ドアビーム材としては押出形材が用いられるが、特に中空断面など、断面の形状によっては部位により冷却(焼入れ)速度が多少異なり、機械的性質は断面全体で均一とは限らない。その場合でも、耐破断性に最も大きく影響する引張側フランジのn値及びシャルピー値が上記の範囲内にあれば、実用上問題がない。
本発明において、n値は、引張側フランジから採取したJIS5号試験片を用い、室温(20℃)においてJIS Z 2241に規定された引張試験を行い、その真応力−真歪み関係における2〜7%の歪み領域で2点法により求めた。なお、この領域は、塑性変形が大きく、かつ変形が均一に起こる領域として選んだものである。またシャルピー衝撃値は、引張側フランジから押出材の長さ方向が試験片の長さ方向になるように採取したJIS Z 2202のJIS3号試験片(幅はもとの厚さのまま)を用い、室温(20℃)において、JIS Z 2242に規定されたシャルピー衝撃試験を行って求めるものとする。
【0010】
次に、本発明のドアビームに使用するAl−Zn−Mg系アルミニウム合金とAl−Si−Mg系アルミニウム合金の組成について、以下説明する。
(Al−Zn−Mg系)
望ましいAl−Zn−Mg系アルミニウム合金は、Zn:4〜7%、Mg:0.8〜1.5%を含有する。そのほか、適宜他の成分を含み得るが、好ましい組成として、Zn:4〜7%、Mg:0.8〜1.5%、Ti:0.005〜0.3%と、Cu:0.05〜0.6%、Mn:0.2〜0.7%、Cr:0.05〜0.3%、Zr:0.05〜0.25%から選択された1種又は2種以上を含有し、残部がAl及び不純物を挙げることができる。各成分の添加理由は次の通りである。
【0011】
Zn、Mg
Zn、Mgはアルミニウム合金の強度を維持するために必要な元素である。Znが4重量%未満、Mgが0.8%未満では所望の強度が得られない。また、Znが7%、Mgが1.5%を超えるとアルミニウム合金の押出性が低下するとともに伸びも低下し、所要の特性値が得られなくなる。従って、Zn:4〜7%、Mg:0.8〜1.5%とする。
Ti
Tiは、鋳塊組織の微細化のために必須の元素である。Tiが0.005%より少ないと、微細化の効果が十分でなく、0.3%より多いと飽和して巨大化合物が発生してしまう。従って、Tiの含有量は0.005〜0.3%とする。
【0012】
Cu、Mn、Cr、Zr
これらの元素はアルミニウム合金の強度を高める。また、Cuはアルミニウム合金の耐応力腐食割れ性を改善し、Mn、Cr、Zrは押出材に繊維状組織を形成して合金を強化する作用があり、これらの中から1種又は2種以上が適宜添加される。好適な範囲は、Cu:0.05〜0.6%、Mn:0.2〜0.7%、Cr:0.05〜0.3%、Zr:0.05〜0.25%である。それぞれ下限未満では上記の作用が不十分であり、また、上限を超えると、押出性が悪くなり、Cuの場合は一般耐食性が悪くなる。
【0013】
不純物
不純物のうちFeはアルミニウム地金に最も多く含まれる不純物であり、0.35%を超えて合金中に存在すると鋳造時に粗大な金属間化合物を晶出し、合金の機械的性質を損なう。従って、Feの含有量は0.35%以下に規制する。
また、アルミニウム合金を鋳造する際には地金、添加元素の中間合金等様々な経路より不純物が混入する。混入する元素は様々であるが、Fe以外の不純物は単体で0.05%以下、総量で0.15%以下であれば合金の特性にほとんど影響を及ぼさない。従って、これらの不純物は単体で0.05%以下、総量で0.15%以下とする。
【0014】
(Al−Si−Mg系)
望ましいAl−Si−Mg系アルミニウム合金は、Si:0.5〜1.5%、Mg:0.5〜1.3%を含有する。そのほか、適宜他の成分を含み得るが、好ましい組成として、Si:0.5〜1.5%、Mg:0.5〜1.3%、Ti:0.005〜0.2%と、Cu:0.1〜0.7%、Mn:0.05〜0.6%、Cr:0.05〜0.2%、Zr:0.05〜0.2%から選択された1種又は2種以上を含有し、残部がAl及び不純物を挙げることができる。各成分の添加理由は次の通りである。
【0015】
Si、Mg
Si、Mgはアルミニウム合金の強度を維持するために必要な元素である。Siが0.5%未満、Mgが0.5重量%未満では所望の強度が得られない。一方、Siが1.5%、Mgが1.3%を超えるとアルミニウム合金の押出性が低下するとともに伸びも低下し、所要の特性値が得られなくなる。従って、Si:0.5〜1.5%、Mg:0.5〜1.3%とする。
一方、Ti、Cu、Mn、Cr、Zr、及び不純物については、Al−Zn−Mg系と同様の理由で、前記の範囲内に限定される。
【0016】
なお、本発明のドアビームはアルミニウム合金の押出形材からなり、大きい最大荷重及びエネルギー吸収量を得るためには、結晶組織は繊維状組織をなすことが望ましい。なお、繊維状組織とは、押出材にみられる熱間加工組織で、押し出し方向に長く伸ばされた結晶粒組織のことである。また、ドアビームの断面形状は特に限定されるものではないが、典型的には、上フランジ(圧縮側フランジ)と下フランジ(引張側フランジ)及びそれらを連結するウエブからなる。
【0017】
【実施例】
表1のAに示す成分組成のアルミニウム合金を、常法により溶解し、直径200mmの鋳塊に鋳造した。この鋳塊を均質化処理した後、図2に示す断面形状に押し出し、押出加工時の高温状態(約460〜500℃)から空冷により焼入れした。その直後、長尺の押出材(約25m)の両端を把持し、種々の歪み量で引張矯正を行った。その後、短尺に切断した押出材に対し人工時効処理を行って供試材とした。なお、各供試材No.1〜4の引張矯正歪み量と人工時効条件を表2に示す。
【0018】
また、表1のBに示す成分組成のアルミニウム合金を、同様に直径200mmの鋳塊に鋳造し、この鋳塊を均質化処理した後、押出温度520℃、押出速度4m/分で図2に示す断面形状に押し出し、押出加工時の高温状態(約540℃)から水冷により焼入れした。その直度、同様に種々の歪み量で引張矯正を行い、短尺に切断した押出材に対し人工時効処理を行って供試材とした。なお、供試材No.5〜8の引張矯正歪み量及び人工時効条件を表2に示す。
【0019】
【表1】
【0020】
続いて、この押出材の材料特性を前記要領で測定した。また、この押出材に対し、スパン1000mmで300mm押し込む3点曲げ加工試験を行った。
その結果を表2にあわせて示す。
表2に示すように、n値及びシャルピー衝撃値が本発明の規定範囲内のNo.1及びNo.5は耐破断性に優れ、最大荷重も大きい。一方、n値又はシャルピー衝撃値が本発明の規定を満たさないNo.2〜4、6〜8は、耐破断性が劣るか最大荷重が小さく、いずれにしても本発明例より特性が劣る。
【0021】
【表2】
【0022】
【発明の効果】
本発明によれば、耐破断性に優れ、必要な最大荷重及びエネルギー吸収量をもつドアビームを得ることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 ドアビーム材の3点曲げ試験について説明する図である。
【図2】 実施例に用いたドアビーム材の断面形状を示す図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aluminum alloy door beam used as a door reinforcement member of an automobile.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As shown in FIG. 1, when a load (P) is applied to the center portion from the compression side while supporting both ends of the aluminum alloy door beam (referred to as a three-point bending test), the center portion of the door beam is pushed in. This causes bending deformation, and tensile force acts on the tension side (occupant side) flange. When the displacement amount (δ) further increases and this tensile force exceeds the fracture limit value of the material, fracture (crack) occurs in the tension side flange.
The performance of the door beam is evaluated at the laboratory level based on the results of this three-point bending test. In the measured bending load (P) -deformation amount (δ) curve, the maximum load is large, and the displacement until breakage is large. Larger amounts are preferred.
[0003]
In order to increase the displacement until fracture (breaking displacement), Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-246242 discloses that the neutral axis of the bending is biased to the tension side by a necessary amount, and Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 6-171362. In the publication, in addition to biasing the neutral axis, local buckling is induced on the compression side after achieving the maximum bending strength, and the stress applied to the tension side flange is rapidly reduced.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
On the other hand, with the recent increase in safety measures, the application types of door beams tend to spread to small vehicles, in which case the beam length becomes shorter and breaks with a smaller displacement than a conventional door beam with a longer beam length. Will occur. At that time, especially when the door beam is folded in two, a crack on the tension flange side, or a crack that protrudes toward the occupant side, the occupant may be harmed by the door beam in the actual vehicle. In order to increase the initial rigidity without increasing the weight, it is effective to increase the beam height and increase the moment of inertia of the cross section, and such a door beam has been designed. The tension side flange may be broken with a small displacement compared to the conventional one, which may cause danger to the passenger.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of the current situation of such an aluminum alloy door beam, and it is an object of the present invention to improve the rupture resistance of the door beam and to further ensure the safety of passengers.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The inventors of the present invention, in particular, in the process of repeated investigations for improving the fracture resistance of door beams made of extruded materials of Al-Zn-Mg and Al-Si-Mg aluminum alloys that have been subjected to artificial aging treatment, It has been found that there is a correlation between the deformation form when the material is subjected to bending, the work hardening index (n value) and the Charpy impact value of the alloy. The present invention has been made based on the findings.
That is, the Al—Zn—Mg aluminum alloy door beam according to the present invention has an n value of 0.05 to 0.17, or a Charpy impact value of 20 to 45 J / cm 2 at the same time. . In addition, the Al—Si—Mg-based aluminum alloy door beam material has an n value of 0.07 to 0.20 or a Charpy impact value of 25 to 50 J / cm 2 at the same time.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The reason why the fracture resistance of the door beam depends on the n value or the Charpy impact value is considered as follows. For example, when a door beam receives a bending load at a specific location and begins to undergo plastic deformation, the deformed location is work hardened and further deformation is less likely to occur. The deformation propagates to the left and right one after another, as it further hardens. The larger the n value, the more likely this work hardening and propagation of the deformation occurs. As a result, the wide range is uniformly deformed and the distortion does not concentrate in one place. Is less likely to occur and distortion tends to concentrate in one place. In either case, the fracture occurs when the applied strain exceeds the limit point of the material. However, if the n value is large if the displacement amount is the same (δ), the strain is dispersed and the fracture is difficult to break. If it is small, the strain concentrates and breaks easily. On the other hand, the Charpy impact value indicates the resistance to brittle fracture, and is considered to be related to the strain limit point. In other words, if this is large, the strain limit of the material is large and it is difficult to break, and if it is small, the strain limit is small and breaks easily.
[0008]
Thus, if attention is paid only to the fracture resistance, it can be said that the larger the n value and the larger the Charpy impact value, the more desirable characteristics as a door beam. However, in Al-Zn-Mg-based or Al-Si-Mg-based aluminum alloys, if the n value is too large, the material strength generally decreases and the initial bending strength decreases, ensuring the maximum load that is the basic performance of the door beam. It becomes impossible and the amount of energy absorption decreases. Further, if the Charpy impact value is too large, the material strength is lowered, and the maximum load and energy absorption necessary for the door beam cannot be obtained.
Therefore, the n value and Charpy impact value of the door beam material, excellent in breaking resistance, yet there is a range not sacrificing the maximum load and energy absorption amount. That is the numerical value mentioned above. More desirable range, Al-Zn-Mg system, n value: 0.05 to 0.11, Charpy impact value: 23~34J / cm 2, Al- Si-Mg system, n value: 0.07 0.15, Charpy impact value: 31 to 49 J / cm 2 , and the optimum Charpy impact value is 23 to 30 J / cm 2 for the Al—Zn—Mg system and 31 to 35 J / cm for the Al—Si—Mg system. 2 .
[0009]
Although an extruded profile is used as the door beam material, the cooling (quenching) speed varies somewhat depending on the shape of the cross section, particularly a hollow cross section, and the mechanical properties are not necessarily uniform over the entire cross section. Even in that case, there is no practical problem as long as the n value and the Charpy value of the tension side flange that have the greatest influence on the fracture resistance are within the above ranges.
In the present invention, the n value is a JIS No. 5 test piece taken from the tension side flange, is subjected to a tensile test defined in JIS Z 2241 at room temperature (20 ° C.), and 2 to 7 in the true stress-true strain relationship. It was determined by the two-point method in the strain region of%. This region is selected as a region where plastic deformation is large and deformation occurs uniformly. For Charpy impact value, JIS Z 2202 JIS No. 3 test piece (width remains the same as the original thickness) taken so that the length direction of the extruded material becomes the length direction of the test piece from the tension side flange. It is determined by conducting a Charpy impact test specified in JIS Z 2242 at room temperature (20 ° C.).
[0010]
Next, the composition of the Al—Zn—Mg based aluminum alloy and the Al—Si—Mg based aluminum alloy used for the door beam of the present invention will be described below.
(Al-Zn-Mg system)
A desirable Al—Zn—Mg-based aluminum alloy contains Zn: 4 to 7% and Mg: 0.8 to 1.5%. In addition, other components may be included as appropriate, but preferred compositions are: Zn: 4-7%, Mg: 0.8-1.5%, Ti: 0.005-0.3%, Cu: 0.05 -1% or more selected from 0.6%, Mn: 0.2-0.7%, Cr: 0.05-0.3%, Zr: 0.05-0.25% In addition, the balance can include Al and impurities. The reason for adding each component is as follows.
[0011]
Zn, Mg
Zn and Mg are elements necessary for maintaining the strength of the aluminum alloy. If Zn is less than 4% by weight and Mg is less than 0.8%, the desired strength cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if Zn exceeds 7% and Mg exceeds 1.5%, the extrudability of the aluminum alloy is lowered and the elongation is also lowered, making it impossible to obtain the required characteristic values. Therefore, Zn: 4-7%, Mg: 0.8-1.5%.
Ti
Ti is an essential element for refining the ingot structure. When Ti is less than 0.005%, the effect of miniaturization is not sufficient, and when it is more than 0.3%, saturation occurs and a huge compound is generated. Therefore, the Ti content is set to 0.005 to 0.3%.
[0012]
Cu, Mn, Cr, Zr
These elements increase the strength of the aluminum alloy. Moreover, Cu improves the stress corrosion cracking resistance of the aluminum alloy, and Mn, Cr and Zr have an action of strengthening the alloy by forming a fibrous structure in the extruded material. Is appropriately added. Preferred ranges are: Cu: 0.05-0.6%, Mn: 0.2-0.7%, Cr: 0.05-0.3%, Zr: 0.05-0.25% . If the amount is less than the lower limit, the above action is insufficient, and if the upper limit is exceeded, the extrudability deteriorates, and in the case of Cu, the general corrosion resistance deteriorates.
[0013]
Of the impurity impurities, Fe is the most abundant impurity in the aluminum ingot, and if it exceeds 0.35% in the alloy, coarse intermetallic compounds are crystallized during casting, and the mechanical properties of the alloy are impaired. Therefore, the Fe content is restricted to 0.35% or less.
Further, when casting an aluminum alloy, impurities are mixed from various paths such as a metal base and an intermediate alloy of an additive element. The elements to be mixed are various, but impurities other than Fe alone are 0.05% or less, and if the total amount is 0.15% or less, the characteristics of the alloy are hardly affected. Accordingly, these impurities are 0.05% or less as a single substance, and the total amount is 0.15% or less.
[0014]
(Al-Si-Mg system)
Desirable Al—Si—Mg-based aluminum alloys contain Si: 0.5 to 1.5% and Mg: 0.5 to 1.3%. In addition, other components may be included as appropriate, but preferred compositions include Si: 0.5 to 1.5%, Mg: 0.5 to 1.3%, Ti: 0.005 to 0.2%, Cu : 1 to 2 selected from 0.1 to 0.7%, Mn: 0.05 to 0.6%, Cr: 0.05 to 0.2%, Zr: 0.05 to 0.2% It contains more than seeds, with the balance being Al and impurities. The reason for adding each component is as follows.
[0015]
Si, Mg
Si and Mg are elements necessary for maintaining the strength of the aluminum alloy. If Si is less than 0.5% and Mg is less than 0.5% by weight, the desired strength cannot be obtained. On the other hand, when Si exceeds 1.5% and Mg exceeds 1.3%, the extrudability of the aluminum alloy is lowered and the elongation is also lowered, so that a required characteristic value cannot be obtained. Therefore, Si: 0.5 to 1.5%, Mg: 0.5 to 1.3%.
On the other hand, Ti, Cu, Mn, Cr, Zr, and impurities are limited to the above ranges for the same reason as in the Al—Zn—Mg system.
[0016]
The door beam of the present invention is made of an aluminum alloy extruded shape, and it is desirable that the crystal structure has a fibrous structure in order to obtain a large maximum load and energy absorption. The fibrous structure is a hot-worked structure found in the extruded material, and is a crystal grain structure that is elongated in the extrusion direction. Further, the sectional shape of the door beam is not particularly limited, but typically includes an upper flange (compression side flange), a lower flange (tensile side flange), and a web connecting them.
[0017]
【Example】
An aluminum alloy having the composition shown in A of Table 1 was melted by a conventional method and cast into an ingot having a diameter of 200 mm. After this ingot was homogenized, it was extruded into a cross-sectional shape shown in FIG. 2 and quenched by air cooling from a high temperature state (about 460 to 500 ° C.) at the time of extrusion. Immediately thereafter, both ends of a long extruded material (about 25 m) were gripped, and tension correction was performed with various strain amounts. Thereafter, an artificial aging treatment was performed on the extruded material cut into a short length to obtain a test material. In addition, each test material No. Table 2 shows the amounts of tensile straightening strains 1 to 4 and artificial aging conditions.
[0018]
Similarly, an aluminum alloy having the composition shown in B of Table 1 was cast into an ingot having a diameter of 200 mm, and the ingot was homogenized. Extruded into the cross-sectional shape shown, and quenched by water cooling from the high temperature state (about 540 ° C.) at the time of extrusion. Immediately after that, tensile correction was similarly performed with various strain amounts, and an artificial aging treatment was performed on the extruded material cut into short pieces to obtain test materials. The test material No. Table 2 shows tensile straightening strain amounts of 5 to 8 and artificial aging conditions.
[0019]
[Table 1]
[0020]
Subsequently, the material properties of the extruded material were measured as described above. In addition, a three-point bending test was performed on the extruded material by pushing it 300 mm with a span of 1000 mm.
The results are also shown in Table 2.
As shown in Table 2, the n value and Charpy impact value are No. in the specified range of the present invention. 1 and no. No. 5 has excellent fracture resistance and a large maximum load. On the other hand, n value or Charpy impact value does not satisfy the provisions of the present invention. Nos. 2 to 4 and 6 to 8 have inferior rupture resistance or a small maximum load, and in any case are inferior in characteristics to the examples of the present invention.
[0021]
[Table 2]
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the door beam which is excellent in fracture resistance and has the required maximum load and energy absorption amount can be obtained.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining a three-point bending test of a door beam material.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a cross-sectional shape of a door beam material used in Examples.
Claims (4)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05157899A JP4086404B2 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Aluminum alloy door beam |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP05157899A JP4086404B2 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Aluminum alloy door beam |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000248327A JP2000248327A (en) | 2000-09-12 |
| JP4086404B2 true JP4086404B2 (en) | 2008-05-14 |
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| JP05157899A Expired - Lifetime JP4086404B2 (en) | 1999-02-26 | 1999-02-26 | Aluminum alloy door beam |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP5410845B2 (en) * | 2008-08-21 | 2014-02-05 | アイシン軽金属株式会社 | Al-Mg-Si aluminum alloy extruded material with excellent fatigue strength and impact fracture resistance |
| JP5204793B2 (en) * | 2010-01-12 | 2013-06-05 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High strength aluminum alloy extruded material with excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance |
| US10697047B2 (en) | 2011-12-12 | 2020-06-30 | Kobe Steel, Ltd. | High strength aluminum alloy extruded material excellent in stress corrosion cracking resistance |
| JP5631379B2 (en) * | 2012-12-27 | 2014-11-26 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High strength aluminum alloy extruded material for bumper reinforcement with excellent stress corrosion cracking resistance |
| JP7046780B2 (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2022-04-04 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | A method for manufacturing a 7000 series aluminum alloy member. |
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