JP4086715B2 - Wall structure and building - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fire wall structure including a building envelope having a heat insulating material and a hollow layer on the exterior material indoor side, and a building having the fire wall structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Whether the fire resistance performance of the wooden house against external fires is only the outer cover structure that combines exterior materials and heat insulating materials as the fire prevention structure stipulated in Article 2, Item 8 of the Building Standards Act of June 2002, It has been evaluated for performance such as heat propagation speed, flame shut-off, and retention of the structural housing by the structure including the exterior material, heat insulating material and interior material. Here, in order to obtain fireproof performance only with the jacket structure, generally high-density materials such as stone, RC, mortar, and plaster are difficult to transmit heat. Therefore, time is consumed and the economy and workability are inferior to the structure including the interior material.
[0003]
In addition, in a building having a hollow layer between the outer jacket and the inner jacket and having an air communication portion, a means used for ensuring fire resistance performance, for example, no gap is provided in the inner jacket, and no communication portion is provided. It was a hindrance to communication between layers. For this reason, in this building, in order to ensure ventilation, a jacket structure that obtains fire resistance performance only at the jacket portion is employed. In addition, as a means of improving fire resistance performance in consideration of interior materials used in consideration of economic efficiency and workability, various proposals have been made to provide ventilation parts in horizontal members and vertical members in order to communicate the hollow layer. However, structural strength and fire resistance are not sufficient.
[0004]
An example of using a wall partition material (flame stopper) as a means for partitioning a ventilation layer and improving fire resistance performance has been proposed. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1). The flame stopper has the effect of minimizing the spread of the flame by making the hollow layer (the hollow layer of the wall) deficient in the event of a fire by making the hollow passage in the wall of the hollow layer a small hole. It is a plate-shaped flame stopper, but in the case of a building in which the hollow layer formed between the jacket and the interior material can communicate with the outside air, the fresh air is supplied to the hollow layer and the oxygen-deficient state It is hard to become.
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-22416 (FIGS. 3 and 4)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In view of the above problems, the present invention improves the fire resistance performance against external fires in a building having a hollow layer in the building envelope part without impeding the movement of air in the hollow layer. It is intended to provide a wall structure and building with fire prevention performance that complies with the law.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has found that the fire resistance can be improved by simple means by partially changing the fire resistance of the jacket. Furthermore, fire resistance can be further improved by providing a partition material that partitions the hollow layers.
[0008]
  That is, the present inventionThe building wall structure of
  The exterior of the building and the building with insulation on the indoor side of the exteriorWall structureBecause
  A hollow layer is provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material, and the indoor side of the hollow layer has a portion where the interior material is provided and a portion where the interior material is not provided,
  The fire resistance performance of the jacket part that does not face the interior material surface is higher than that of the facing part.Characterize(Claim 1).
[0009]
  The wall structure of the building of the present invention is
  An interior material is provided on the indoor side of the hollow layer, and at least a heat insulating material and an exterior material are provided on the outdoor side of the hollow layer.Wall structureBecause
  A hollow layer is provided that enables air communication between the interior hollow material and the partial hollow layer provided with the heat insulating material,
  The fire resistance performance of the outer shell part of the hollow layer that enables communication is higher than the fire resistance performance of the other outer shell parts.Characterize(Claim 2).
[0010]
  The wall structure of the building of the present invention is
  A partition material having an opening that allows air communication between the hollow layers is provided at a boundary portion of the hollow layer provided with a jacket having different fire resistance.Characterize(Claim 3).
[0011]
  The wall structure of the building of the present invention is
  It has an internal space separated from the outside air by a heat insulating material and a foundation provided on the indoor side of the exterior material,
  In the interior space, a building in which a living space surrounded by interior materials and a hollow layer composed of parts other than the living space are formedBuilding wall structureBecause
  That the hollow layer can communicate with the outside air.Characterize(Claim 4).
[0012]
  In addition, the building having the wall structure of the present invention is
  Heat insulation was provided on the exterior side of the exterior material and exterior materialBuilding with wall structureBecause
  A hollow layer is provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material, and the indoor side of the hollow layer has a portion where the interior material is provided and a portion where the interior material is not provided,
  The fire resistance performance of the jacket part that does not face the interior material surface is higher than that of the facing part.Characterize(Claim 5).
[0013]
  In addition, the building having the wall structure of the present invention is
  An interior material is provided on the indoor side of the hollow layer, and at least a heat insulating material and an exterior material are provided on the outdoor side of the hollow layer.Building with wall structureBecause
  A hollow layer is provided that enables air communication between the interior hollow material and the partial hollow layer provided with the heat insulating material,
  The fire resistance performance of the outer shell part of the hollow layer that enables communication is higher than the fire resistance performance of the other outer shell parts.Characterize(Claim 6).
[0014]
  In addition, the building having the wall structure of the present invention is
  A partition material having an opening that enables air communication between the hollow layers is provided at a boundary portion of the hollow layer provided with a jacket having different fire resistance.Characterize(Claim 7).
[0015]
  In addition, the building having the wall structure of the present invention is
  It has an internal space separated from the outside air by a heat insulating material and a foundation provided on the indoor side of the exterior material,
  The internal space is a building in which a living space surrounded by interior materials and a hollow layer composed of parts other than the living space are formed,
  That the hollow layer can communicate with the outside air.Characterize(Claim 8).
[0016]
As described above, the fire resistance of the wall and the building can be improved.
[0017]
Here, the outer cover means a portion including an exterior material and a heat insulating material, and the inner cover includes an interior material, a torso, a beam, and a column. The fireproof performance refers to the safety performance of the building against external fires, and the communication portion refers to a communication location between the underfloor space, the upper floor space for the upper floor, the shed space, and other wall spaces. The communication part (hollow layer that enables communication) that needs to improve the fireproof performance of the jacket part of the present application is the wall covering part of the floor space under the floor and / or the back space of the hut.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The first embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0019]
The outer wall of the building denoted by reference numeral 1 in FIG. 1 is a wooden house with external heat insulation, and is provided with an outer ventilation layer 2 and a wall ventilation passage 3 using an inner hollow layer as an inner ventilation layer. . In the present embodiment, a case where the present invention is adopted in such a building will be described as an example. In addition, the nonflammability described here refers to a member made of a material that conforms to the nonflammable material referred to in Article 2, Paragraph 9 of the Building Standards Act. And a member made of a quasi-incombustible material and a flame retardant material as defined in Section 6.
[0020]
Insulating materials 5a and 5b are externally attached to the outside of the wall 4 forming the housing of the building 1, and a predetermined gap is provided on the outer surface side of the insulating materials 5a and 5b so that the exterior materials 6a and 6b are outside. The wall portion outer ventilation layer 2 can be provided by being stretched. As the heat insulating materials 5a and 5b, a board having a single layer or multiple layers of expanded polystyrene is used. Flame retardant or non-flammable phenolic foam, ALC (lightweight foamed concrete), heat resistant synthetic resin plate, and the like can also be used. Synthetic resin foam insulation other than expanded polystyrene, for example, expanded polyethylene, expanded polypropylene, expanded polyurethane, and the like can also be used. In FIG. 1, a face material 39 (described later) is not necessarily disposed on the indoor side surface of the heat insulating material.
[0021]
A trunk edge (not shown) extending in the vertical direction is sandwiched between the heat insulating materials 5a and 5b and the exterior materials 6a and 6b, and the outer ventilation layer 2 is formed outside the heat insulating materials 5a and 5b by these members. The gap is secured. A fireproof reinforcing member 44 is provided on the outer surface of the heat insulating material 5b. By using this fireproof reinforcing member 44, the fireproof performance of the jacket portion of the portion can be made higher than that of the jacket portion where the fireproof reinforcing material 44 is not provided. As the fireproof reinforcing member 44, a glass mesh can be suitably used. Furthermore, this fireproof reinforcing member 44 can also be provided on the indoor side surface of the heat insulating material 5b, such as flame retardant or nonflammable phenol foam, ALC, mortar, heat resistant synthetic resin, metal (iron, stainless steel, etc.), glass Asbestos board or mesh can be used. It is preferable that the fireproof reinforcing member 44 is provided so as to cover the upper and lower heat insulating materials 5a as shown in FIG.
[0022]
Alternatively, the fire wall reinforcing member 44 may be fixed by arranging a vertical wall body partition material 31 that divides the heat insulating material 5b in the vertical direction. The vertical wall body partition material 31 can be preferably made of wood, and is preferably fixed to a pillar or inter-column (not shown) through a heat insulating material from the viewpoint of mounting strength.
[0023]
The partition material 31 in the vertical wall can be provided so as to divide the heat insulating material in the left-right direction, flame retardant or non-flammable phenol foam, ALC, mortar, heat resistant synthetic resin, metal (iron, stainless steel, etc.), glass It is also possible to use members made of materials such as. In addition, when the heat insulating material 5b divided by the vertical wall body partition material 31 is made of a flame-retardant or non-flammable heat insulating material, the fire resistance performance of the jacket portion can be improved regardless of whether or not the fireproof reinforcing member 44 is used. For example, it can be made higher than the outer cover portion of the 5a portion where a heat insulating material such as expanded polystyrene is used. Furthermore, when the heat insulating material 5b is flame retardant or non-flammable, a vertical wall body partition material of the same material as that of the heat insulating material can be provided, or the heat insulating material can be provided vertically with an uneven shape on the surface of the heat insulating material. It can also serve as the partition material 31 in the wall.
[0024]
The lower end of the outer wall ventilation layer 2 communicates with the atmosphere around the drain for rain. The attic space 7 of the building 1 is also thermally insulated. For this purpose, as shown in FIG. 1, a hut back heat insulating material 9 is disposed on the back side of the roof material 8 constituting an exterior material, and a roof portion outer ventilation layer 10 is formed therebetween. The hut insulation 9 and the wall insulation 5 are continuous. In the vicinity of the eaves side of the roof outer ventilation layer 10, the upper end of the wall outer ventilation layer 2 communicates with the upper portion of the outer ventilation layer 10 and communicates with an exhaust port (not shown) provided in the roof. The outer ventilation layer 2 may communicate with the outside air near the eaves. In this case, it is not always necessary to communicate with the outer ventilation layer 10. If the roof outer ventilation layer 10 is not in communication with the wall outer ventilation layer, it is necessary to provide an opening communicating with outside air near the eaves in order to discharge the hot air from the roof.
[0025]
The same kind of heat insulating material as the heat insulating materials 5a and 5b can be used for the cabin back heat insulating material 9. As shown in FIG. 1, a hut back damper 11 that can arbitrarily open and close the communication between the shed space 7 and the outside is attached to the shed space in the upper part of the building 1 as a shed back ventilation section. The number of dampers can be selected as appropriate. The damper 11 can be opened and closed manually or electrically. The damper 11 includes a normal fitting for opening and closing an opening such as a drake window or a skylight, and may include an electric fan.
[0026]
Reference numeral 12 in FIG. 1 indicates an underfloor space defined by the foundation concrete 13 to which the heat insulating material 13a of the building 1 is applied. In order to make the temperature in the underfloor space 12 less susceptible to the outside air temperature, the heat insulating material 13a is preferably applied to the outside of the basic concrete, but may be indoors. The foundation concrete 13 has one or more underfloor ventilation openings 14 at predetermined locations. An underfloor damper 15 that can be arbitrarily opened and closed manually or electrically is attached to the ventilation port 14.
[0027]
A base 16 is fixed on the foundation concrete 13. On the base 16, a wall body 4 having a frame structure having a ventilation passage 3 in the wall is provided. The wall body 4 has at least a horizontal partition material, that is, a vertical wall body among columns 17, bases 16, girders 18, body differences or beams 38, and vertical and horizontal wall body partition materials that divide the wall body. The partition members 23 to 25 and braces (not shown) are connected to the shaft set. In addition, the code | symbol 39 in FIG. 1 shows surface materials, such as a plywood arrange | positioned on the outdoor surfaces, such as the wall body 4, etc., and has covered the indoor surface of the heat insulating materials 5a and 5b. By providing the face material 39, the heat insulating materials 5a and 5b are not directly exposed to the inner surface. This improves the workability of the heat insulating material and makes it less susceptible to the effects of heat and flames from internal fires.
[0028]
In FIG. 1 and the drawings of the present application, examples are shown in which vertical wall body partition materials 23 to 25 and a net-like body 42 are used to divide a wall space. It is characterized in that the fire resistance performance of the covered portion is higher than the fire resistance performance of the facing portion, and these members may not be used, but using these members is preferable because the fire resistance performance is further improved. It is preferable to use a material capable of forming a carbonized layer, such as wood having a predetermined thickness, for the vertical wall partition members 23 to 25, and the thickness in the case of wood may be, for example, 30 mm or more. Furthermore, the vertical wall partition materials 23 to 25 can also divide the wall space in the left-right direction, flame retardant or non-flammable phenol foam, ALC, heat resistant synthetic resin, metal (iron, stainless steel, etc.), glass A member made of can be used. In FIG. 1, the partition members 23 to 25 in the vertical wall body must be provided in the wall body without any gaps, and all are made of wood having the same width as the wall body 4, but spacers or the like are used. It may be provided to prevent gaps.
[0029]
In the case where wood is used for the vertical wall body partition materials 23 to 25, solid wood such as cedar, pine, and rice hulls or structural laminated material can be exemplified. Further, in FIG. 1, the longitudinal wall body partition members 23 to 25 are arranged in the hollow layer at the same position as the longitudinal wall body partition material 31 to which the fireproof reinforcing member 44 is fixed, and both ends thereof are structural housings such as columns and beams. However, it may be attached via a spacer or the like. Moreover, when it is set as a material with small water absorption, such as a heat resistant synthetic resin, it can be set as the member integral with the partition material 31 in the vertical wall body, and is preferable. However, when a material having water absorption properties such as wood is used in an integrated manner, it is preferable to take moisture-proof measures on the wood or the like because there is a risk of heat bridge or condensation in the wall.
[0030]
The wall interior material 26 is composed of an interior base material and a plaster board that is stretched over the surface and faces the living space. A floor material that constitutes a floor, for example, a load bearing surface material 27, is connected to the lower end of the wall interior material 26, and these load bearing surface materials 27 are individually supported on the floor joists 28 or 32 for downstairs or upstairs. ing.
[0031]
The downstairs load bearing surface material 27 facing the underfloor space 12 is mounted on a downstairs floor joist 28 having an end portion 28a supported on the base 16. For this reason, a ventilation entry / exit portion 29 having a gap corresponding to the thickness of the floor joist 28 for the downstairs is provided, and the lowermost wall space 4a of the wall body 4 and the underfloor space 12 on the first floor are provided via this portion 29. It is communicated. The upper part of the uppermost wall section material 23 communicates with the cabin space 7.
[0032]
An end portion 32a of the floor joist 32 that supports the load bearing surface member 27 that forms a floor body on the second floor or the third floor from the lower side is supported on the trunk difference or the beam 38. Therefore, a ventilation entry / exit portion 29 having a gap corresponding to the upper floor joist 32 is provided. Via the entrance / exit portion 29, the underfloor space 34 between the upper floor and the lower floor communicates with the body space 4c portion above the trunk difference or beam 38. Further, the upper floor space 34 is opened to the wall space 4b below the trunk difference or the beam 38.
[0033]
The wall space 4d between the vertical wall body partition members 23 and 24 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction passes through one or more preferably a plurality of vent holes 33 provided through the vertical wall body partition material 23 in the thickness (up and down) direction. And communicated with the attic space 7. The wall space 4c between the vertical wall body partition members 24, 25 disposed above and below the body difference or beam 38 below the wall body space 4d has a thickness ( It communicates with the upper wall space 4d through one or more preferably a plurality of vent holes 33 penetrating in the vertical direction. The wall body space 4b and the lower wall body space 4a are one or more, preferably a plurality of vent holes 33 provided in the thickness (up and down) direction through the vertical wall body partition material 25 that partitions the space 4b. Communicated through.
[0034]
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 36 denotes an interior material for the downstairs or the upstairs that forms the ceiling of the living space. The ceiling interior material 36 may be provided with an interior base material, a gypsum board stretched on the surface and facing the living space, and a sound absorbing layer on the back surface of the interior base material, if necessary.
[0035]
2 to 5 are cross-sectional views of a portion where the wall space 4b, 4c and the lower floor space 34 communicate with each other around the wall difference or the beam 38.
[0036]
FIG. 2 shows an outer covering material 6b and a heat insulating material 5b used in a fire resistant performance section 71 in which the wall spaces 4b and 4c between the vertical wall inner partition materials 24 and 25 are installed on the outdoor side, and in a wider range than this heat insulating material. The fireproof reinforcing member 44 and the plywood 39 that are installed have a fireproof performance, and the wall compartments 4a and 4d are located above the vertical wall compartment material 24 and below the vertical wall compartment material 25, and outside the fireproof performance compartment 72. The wall cross-sectional structure which has fireproof performance by the exterior material 6a, the heat insulating material 5a, and the wall interior material 26 being installed indoors is shown.
[0037]
FIG. 3 shows a wall cross-sectional structure in which the fireproof performance is improved by using the plywood 39 without using the fireproof reinforcing member 44 in FIG. In addition to the plywood 39, ceramic boards, stone boards, ALC, gypsum boards, calcium silicate boards, and the like can be suitably used as the face material used here.
[0038]
FIG. 4 shows a wall cross-sectional structure having fire resistance when a vertical wall body partition material 31 for partitioning the heat insulating material in the vertical direction is provided between the heat insulating materials in FIG.
[0039]
FIG. 5 is a cross section of the wall in the case of using the vertical wall body partition materials 24 and 25 that also serve as the vertical wall body partition material 31 that originally partitions the wall body partition and the heat insulating material in FIG. The structure is shown. Also, in any of FIGS. 2 to 5, the fireproof reinforcing member 44 can be omitted if the heat insulating material 5 b is nonflammable, for example, phenol foam, ALC, heat resistant synthetic resin, or the like.
[0040]
In this way, the fire resistance performance section 71 facing the body space 4b, 4c around the beam 38 or the lower floor space 34 for the upper floor is combined with any one of the fire reinforcement member 44 and the plywood 39 in combination with the fire resistance. Further, the vertical wall internal partition materials 24, 25, and 31 are appropriately arranged to partition the wall internal spaces 4a and 4d of the different fire resistance performance sections 72, so that the fire resistance performance section 71 around the trunk difference or the beam 38 is obtained. Can be effectively protected from fire and fire-resistant interference with the fire-resistant performance section 72 can be suppressed, which is preferable. As another aspect of the present application, the exterior material 6b of the fire resistance performance section 71 (not shown) is made of an exterior material with high fire resistance, such as stone, RC (including lightweight concrete), mortar and plaster, ALC, tiled, brickwork Or by using non-flammable materials such as phenol foam, ALC, and heat-resistant synthetic resin as the heat-insulating material corresponding to the fire-resistant performance section 71, the fire-resistant performance can be made higher than that of the fire-resistant performance section 72. Can be satisfied.
[0041]
6A are provided with ventilation holes 33 formed on one side thereof, each having a groove open to the upper and lower surfaces, at intervals in the longitudinal direction. In the longitudinal wall compartment members 23 to 25 in FIG. 6B, vent holes 33 made of, for example, oval vent holes that are open on both the upper and lower surfaces are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction. Yes. 6 (C), the vertical wall body partition members 23 to 25 are provided with ventilation holes 33 formed on one side thereof, each having a groove that is open on both the upper and lower surfaces, at intervals in the longitudinal direction, and on the other side portion. Also, grooves that open on both the upper and lower surfaces are provided at intervals in the longitudinal direction.
[0042]
6 (A) to 6 (C), the vent holes 33 provided in the vertical wall body partition members 23 to 25 have a size that delays heat generated below the vent holes 33 as much as possible. For example, a round hole having a diameter of 20 mm or less or a square hole having a width of 20 mm or less can be exemplified.
[0043]
Hereinafter, the second to fourth embodiments will be described. Since these embodiments are basically the same in configuration as those in the first embodiment, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment, description of the configuration and operation is omitted, and different portions are described. To do.
[0044]
The second embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 7 shows one example of the partition material used for the outer cover structure which is a feature of the present invention. Here, the net-like body 42 is attached so as to close the lower surface of the vent hole 33 provided in the vertical wall body partition material 23 that partitions the wall body space 4e and the wall space 4d open to the shed space 7. . The mesh body 42 can be provided on the upper surface and the inside of the vent hole 33. However, it is preferable that the mesh body 42 is provided on the flame receiving side, that is, below the vent hole 33 in order to obtain an effect of blocking the flame from below. Moreover, the net-like body 42 is made of a material having air permeability and fire resistance. For the mesh member 42, a metal mesh made of flame retardant or non-flammable material such as metal, specifically iron or stainless steel can be suitably used. The mesh size of the mesh body 42 is preferably 1.0 mm to 5.0 mm square. When the mesh size is 1.0 mm or less, the air permeability tends to be hindered. Moreover, it is not preferable to set it to 5.0 mm or more because the function of blocking the flame is lowered. Moreover, it is desirable that the mesh be (2.0 ± 0.5) mm or less from the viewpoint that insect-repellent performance such as ants and mosquitoes can be expected. Furthermore, it is possible to install a fire-resistant foam material that expands due to a temperature rise (not shown) during a fire and closes the vent hole, or a shape memory alloy that closes the vent hole due to heat sensitivity.
[0045]
The net-like body 42 has a shape larger than the vent hole 33, that is, substantially the same shape as the bottom surface shape of the vertical wall body partition members 23 to 25 in the non-embodiment. The mesh-like body 42 is provided so as to close the entrances and exits of the plurality of vent holes 33, and is tightly coupled with a nail or a screw so as to be able to withstand a blast in a fire. Moreover, the net-like body 42 can partition the wall body as a base material itself. In this case, the partition members 23 to 25 used as the base material in FIG. 7 can be omitted.
[0046]
The third embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 8 shows an example in which the partition material used for the jacket structure which is a feature of the present invention is used in the underfloor space 34 for the floor. Here, a lateral wall partition member 45 that partitions the wall space 4b opened to the upper floor space 34 and the upper floor space 34 is provided. The horizontal wall internal partition material 45 can be made of the same members and shapes as the vertical wall internal partition materials 23 to 25. Further, a vent hole 46 is provided, and a mesh body 47 is attached so as to close the vent hole 46. In particular, the net 47 having the effect of blocking the flame can be omitted.
[0047]
FIG. 9 shows the vertical wall interior partition materials 23 to 25 of the first embodiment, the vent 29, the underfloor space 34 for the upper floor, the interior space 4b, the shed space 7, and the interior space 4e. The side wall body partition material 45 is attached so as to close the wall.
[0048]
FIG. 10 shows an example in which a net-like body 42 is used as the wall partition members 23 to 25 of the first embodiment. In FIG. 10, a net-like body 42 is attached as a base material so as to block the ventilation entry / exit portion 29 or the open lower floor space 34 and the wall space 4b, and the cabin space 7 and the wall space 4e. This shows that a net-like body is used as the partition material. FIG. 10 shows an example in which the partition material in FIG. 9 is replaced with a mesh.
[0049]
In addition to the wall partition members 23 to 25 of the first embodiment, FIG. 11 shows the ventilation entry / exit portion 29 or the opened floor floor space 34, the wall space 4 b, the shed space 7, and the wall space 4 e. The horizontal wall body partition material 45 and the net-like body 42 are attached so as to be closed.
[0050]
In FIG. 12, in addition to the wall partition materials 23 to 25 of the first embodiment, the wall space 4b and the upper floor space 34 are separated by a nonflammable interior material 26 such as a plaster board, and the ventilation portion 26a. Is provided in the interior material 26. The shape of the ventilation portion (not shown) can be provided with, for example, oval ventilation holes, grooves, and the like at intervals as in the case of the partition members 23 to 25. The vent 26a is preferably sized to delay the heat of the fire as much as possible during a fire, and examples thereof include a round hole with a diameter of 20 mm or less and a square hole with a width of 20 mm or less. And the said net | network body 42 made from the material which has air permeability and fire resistance which is not shown in figure can be used conveniently.
[0051]
In FIG. 13, the heat insulating material 13 a provided on the foundation concrete 13, the heat insulating material 5 stretched between the exterior material 6 and the wall interior material 26, and the roof material 8 and the roof space 7 are stretched. The interior space 35 that is partitioned from the outside air by the attic heat insulating material 9 and surrounded by the interior material, the underfloor space 12, the upper floor underfloor space 34, and the attic space 7 that are composed of portions other than the interior space 35. A building having a hollow layer, which is a conventional building that can communicate with outside air by an openable underfloor damper 15 and an openable / closable damper 11 formed above the underfloor damper. Show.
[0052]
In addition to the so-called two-by-four construction method including the wooden frame construction method with the wall body and the wall structure of the frame construction wall construction method, the wall body is made of the so-called pillars and beams. It can also be applied to so-called steel houses and steel structures by replacing a part of the structure with lightweight steel. Further, the present invention can be applied to the interior of a partition wall or the like inside a building, and can also be applied to buildings such as anchored ships and vehicles fixed to the ground.
[0053]
【The invention's effect】
  In a building provided with a heat insulating material on the indoor side of the exterior material and the exterior material, a hollow layer is provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material, and the interior material is not provided on the indoor side of the hollow layer. With the wall structure and building of the building of the present invention characterized in that the fire resistance performance of the outer cover portion that has a portion and does not face the surface of the interior material is higher than the fire resistance performance of the facing portion,
  Improved fire resistance against external fires without obstructing ventilation of ventilation layer and communication part of ventilation houseBuilding wall structureandBuilding having the wall structureCan be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing the periphery of a wall provided in a building according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
2 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a different cross-sectional structure around a torso difference or a beam of the wall body in FIG. 1;
3 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a different cross-sectional structure around a beam difference or around a beam of the wall body in FIG. 1;
4 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a different cross-sectional structure around a beam difference or around a beam of the wall body in FIG. 1. FIG.
5 is a cross-sectional view showing a part of a different cross-sectional structure around a beam difference or around a beam of the wall body in FIG. 1. FIG.
6 (A), (B), and (C) are perspective views showing a part of different wall compartment members provided in the building of FIG.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing the back of a hut of a wall provided in a building according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing the lower floor of a second floor or higher room provided in the building of the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing around different wall bodies provided with the building of the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing around different wall bodies provided with the building of the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing around different wall bodies provided with the building of the third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional view showing around different wall bodies provided with the building of the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a sectional view showing a conventional building.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 ... Building (building)
2 ... Outer ventilation layer on the wall (ventilation space)
3 .... Ventilation passage in the wall (inner ventilation layer)
4 .... Wall body
4a, 4b, 4c, 4d, 4e, ... Wall body space (ventilation space)
5a, 5b ... Heat insulating material
6a, 6b ... exterior material
7 ... Shut space
8 .... Roofing material
9 .... Heat back insulation
10 .... outer ventilation layer on roof
11 .... Attic damper (attic ventilation section)
12 ... Under floor space
13 ... Foundation concrete
13a ... Heat insulation layer
14. Ventilation opening
15 ... Underfloor damper (underfloor ventilation section)
16 .. Base
17 ... Pillar
18 ··· Digit
23 to 25 .... partition material in the vertical wall
26 .... Interior materials for walls
26a ... Ventilation part
27 ··· Bearing material
28 ......
29 .... Venting part
31... Vertical wall section material
32 ......
33 ... Ventilation hole
34 ... Underfloor space for upper floors
35 ... Indoor space
36 ... Interior material for ceiling
38... Trunk difference or beam
39 ... ・ Face material
42...
44... Fireproof reinforcement member
45 ··· Side wall compartment material
46 ... Ventilation holes
47 .... Reticulated body
48... Ventilation channel in the wall (inner ventilation layer)
71 ··· Fireproof performance section
72 ··· Fireproof performance section

Claims (8)

It is a wall structure of a building in which a heat insulating material is provided on the indoor side of the exterior material and the exterior material,
A hollow layer is provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material, and the indoor side of the hollow layer has a portion where the interior material is provided and a portion where the interior material is not provided,
A building wall structure characterized in that the fire resistance performance of the outer cover portion that does not face the interior material surface is higher than the fire resistance performance of the facing portion. An interior material is provided on the indoor side of the hollow layer, and the building wall structure is provided with at least a heat insulating material and an exterior material on the outdoor side of the hollow layer,
A hollow layer is provided that enables air communication between the interior hollow material and the partial hollow layer provided with the heat insulating material,
A building wall structure characterized by having a fireproof performance of a jacket portion of a hollow layer that enables communication higher than that of other jacket portions.   The partition material which has the opening part which enables the communication of the air between the said hollow layers was provided in the boundary part of the hollow layer in which the jacket with different fireproof performance was provided. A wall structure of a building according to any one of the above. It has an internal space separated from the outside air by a heat insulating material and a foundation provided on the indoor side of the exterior material,
The internal space is a building wall structure in a building in which a living space surrounded by interior materials and a hollow layer composed of parts other than the living space are formed,
The wall structure of a building according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the hollow layer is capable of communicating with outside air. A building having a wall structure in which a heat insulating material is provided on the indoor side of the exterior material and the exterior material,
A hollow layer is provided on the indoor side of the heat insulating material, and the indoor side of the hollow layer has a portion where the interior material is provided and a portion where the interior material is not provided,
A building having a wall structure characterized in that the fire resistance performance of the outer cover portion not facing the interior material surface is higher than the fire resistance performance of the facing portion. A building having a wall structure in which an interior material is provided on the indoor side of the hollow layer, and at least a heat insulating material and an exterior material are provided on the outdoor side of the hollow layer,
A hollow layer is provided that enables air communication between the interior hollow material and the partial hollow layer provided with the heat insulating material,
A building having a wall structure characterized in that the fire resistance performance of the outer shell portion of the hollow layer enabling communication is higher than the fire resistance performance of other outer shell portions. The boundary portion of the hollow layer jacket fire performance are different are provided, one of claims 5 to claim 6, characterized in that a partition member having an opening portion for allowing air communication of said hollow inter A building having a wall structure as described above. It has an internal space separated from the outside air by a heat insulating material and a foundation provided on the indoor side of the exterior material,
The internal space is a building in which a living space surrounded by interior materials and a hollow layer composed of parts other than the living space are formed,
The building having a wall structure according to any one of claims 5 to 7 , wherein the hollow layer is capable of communicating with outside air.

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