JP4089175B2

JP4089175B2 - Lighting device

Info

Publication number: JP4089175B2
Application number: JP2001148813A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 光三小川; 朋子石渡; 隆一条; 浩之小島
Original assignee: Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
Current assignee: Toshiba Lighting and Technology Corp
Priority date: 2001-05-18
Filing date: 2001-05-18
Publication date: 2008-05-28
Anticipated expiration: 2021-05-18
Also published as: JP2002343107A

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide illumination equipment which can reduce glare by the illumination, while being able to improve visibility of a car running ahead on a road. SOLUTION: A reflector 14 reflects emitted light from a light source 13, and emit it by directing a main light axis toward the angle direction of α(α=15 deg. to 25 deg.) to the forward direction of the road, from the opening. Moreover, a 2nd reflector 19 is arranged in the angle direction of β (β=α-15 deg.) to the main light axis direction, reflects reflected light from a front glass 16, and emits the light to the crossing direction. Thereby, the light to the crossing direction of the road surface of the road is secured, and a uniformity ratio is raised.

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、自動車用の道路の路面上に存在する障害物や路肩に停車している自動車を自動車運転者に知覚しやすくする照明装置に関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
例えば、自動車専用の高速道路などの道路照明には、道路の路肩側や中央分離帯などに設置されるポールの先端に照明器具を取り付けた道路灯が一般に用いられており、この道路灯によって道路を上方から照明している。
【０００３】
このような道路灯は道路に沿って一定の間隔をあけて設置されているため、道路を走行する先行車が道路灯の下を通過した直後はその先行車が直接照明されて後続車から視認でき、また、先行車が道路灯と道路灯との中間点を通過して次の道路灯の下に到達するまでの間はその先行車が影になるが、道路灯の照明により路面輝度が確保されることで、これら先行車の影と路面輝度との輝度対比によって先行車の存在を後続車から視認できている。
【０００４】
また、視認性確保のための照明装置として、関越自動車道の沼田地区において、霧中の視認性確保のため定位置にスポットライトを進行方向に向けて照射した例がある（建設電気技術ＮＯ、１０９，２４−２９２，１９９５年）。トンネル照明については、低位置に狭角配光を持つ照明装置を配置し、進行方向に主たる配光がでるようにしたプロビーム照明が提案され、対称照明との併用することが提案されている。
【０００５】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、高速道路などでは、例えば排水性などを高めた高機能舗装化に伴い、路面反射率が低くなり、路面輝度の確保が困難になる場合があり、先行車の影と路面輝度との十分な輝度対比が得られず、後続車からの先行車の視認性が低下する問題がある。また、道路を走行する先行車に限らず、道路上の障害物や、路肩に停車している車両の視認性についても同様の問題がある。
【０００６】
また、高速道路においては、霧中での視認性を確保するために、スポットライトを道路の進行方向へ向けて照射する試みがあるが、スポットライトの光が車両のバックミラーに入射して眩しく感じるグレアが発生する問題がある。
【０００７】
一方、低位置に配置した狭角配光を持つ照明装置から進行方向に主たる配光がでるようにしたプロビーム照明の場合、照明装置の高さが運転者の目の高さと同程度となるため、運転者が照明装置を幅員方向から直視したときに不快グレアが生じることが懸念される。また、照明装置が運転者の後方に位置する場合、運転する自動車のサイドミラーやルームミラーを通して運転者に不快グレアを生じさせる怖れがある。
【０００８】
本発明は、このような点に鑑みなされたもので、道路を走行する先行車などの視認性を向上できるとともに、照明によるグレアの発生を低減できる照明装置を提供することを目的とする。
【０００９】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項１の発明に係わる照明装置は、道路の路肩もしくは中央分離帯で路面から高さ１ｍ以下の位置に設置され、道路に臨んで設けられる側面部およびこの側面部に設けられる光透過部を有した照明装置本体と；照明装置本体の道路進行方向対向側に収納させる少なくとも１つの光源と；放物回転体楕円回転体で形成され、前記光源からの出射光を反射して開口部から道路進行方向に対してα（α＝１５°〜２５°）の角度方向に主光軸を向けるための反射鏡と；反射鏡開口部と光透過部との間の照明装置本体の側面側の内面に設けられ、前記光源からの直接光および前記反射鏡からの反射光のうち前記光透過部を通過しない光を反射させる第１の反射板と；第１の反射板の対向であって反射鏡開口部から光透過部までに設けられ、光源の主光軸方向に対してβ（β＝α−１５°）の角度方向に配置され、第１の反射板で反射された反射光を光透過部を通して道路路面に出射する第２の反射板と；を具備したことを特徴とする。
【００１０】
本発明および以下の発明において、特に指定しない限り用語の定義及び技術的意味は以下による。
【００１１】
照明装置は、道路の低位置に配置され狭角配光を持つ照明装置であって、進行方向に主たる配光がでるようにしたプロビーム照明方式の照明装置である。例えば、照明装置は、その光源が道路の路肩端もしくは中央分離帯の路面から高さ１ｍ以下の位置に、車両の進行方向に沿って所定の間隔で設置される。
【００１２】
光源は少なくとも１つ設けられ、複数個の場合には望ましくは２個もしくは３個である。光源からの出射光は、直接または反射鏡で反射して進行方向に所定の角度に出射される。反射鏡は放物回転体または楕円回転体で形成され、光源からの出射光を反射して、その開口部から道路の進行方向に対して所定角α（α＝１５°〜２５°）の角度方向に主光軸が向くように反射光を出射する。
【００１３】
光源および反射鏡は照明装置本体であるケースに収納され、光源および反射鏡からの主たる出射光はケースの道路側の側面に設けられた光透過部を通して道路の路面に導かれる。光透過部の前面には前面ガラスが配置されている。
【００１４】
第１の反射板は、光源からの出射光および反射鏡で反射された出射光を反射する鏡面板であり、ケースの道路側内面の進行方向に向かって反射鏡開口部の道路側端から光透過部の道路側手前端までの部分に配置される。
【００１５】
第２の反射板は、反射鏡開口部の道路反対側端から進行方向に向かって光透過部の道路反対側端までの部分に設けられ、光源からの出射光、反射鏡からの反射光および第１の反射板の反射光が主光軸方向に対して所定角β（β＝α−１５°）の角度方向に出射するように配置される。
【００１６】
ここで、出射光の出射角αを進行方向に対して１５°以上とするのは、光透過部の前面ガラスの反射を抑制するためであり、２５°以下とするのは、照明装置間の暗部を抑制し均斉度の低下を防止するためである。つまり、第２の反射板の配置位置を主光軸方向に対して所定角β（β＝α−１５°＝０°〜１０°）の角度方向とし、道路の路面の横断方向への出射光を確保して均斉度を向上させる。
【００１７】
請求項２の発明に係わる照明装置は、請求項１の発明において、前記反射鏡は、道路反対側の一部分が道路の進行方向に対して、前記光透過部の透過光の出射角度と前記第２の反射板の１回反射光の出射角度との間の角度範囲に光を照射するように分割された反射鏡を有することを特徴とする
請求項２の発明は、請求項１の発明に対して、さらに道路の路面の均斉度を向上させたものである。反射鏡は道路反対側の一部分が道路の進行方向に対してエーミングされた分割された反射鏡を有し、その分割された反射鏡により光透過部の主光軸透過光の出射角度と第２の反射板の１回反射光の出射角度との間の角度範囲に光を照射する。これにより、道路路面の均斉度をさらに向上させる。
【００１８】
請求項３の発明に係わる照明装置は、道路の路肩もしくは中央分離帯で路面から高さ１ｍ以下の位置に設置され、道路に臨んで設けられる側面部およびこの側面部に設けられる光透過部を有した照明装置本体と；照明装置本体の道路進行方向対向側に収納させる少なくとも１つの光源と；放物回転体楕円回転体で形成され、前記光源からの出射光を反射して開口部から道路進行方向に対してα（α＝１５°〜２５°）の角度方向に主光軸を向けるための反射鏡と；反射鏡開口部と光透過部との間の照明装置本体の側面側の内面に設けられ、前記光源からの直接光および前記反射鏡からの反射光のうち前記光透過部を通過しない光を反射させる第１の反射板と；第１の反射板の対向であって反射鏡開口部から光透過部までに設けられ、光源の主光軸方向に対してβ（β＝α−１５°）の角度方向に配置され、第１の反射板で反射された反射光を光透過部を通して道路路面に出射する第２の反射板と；前記反射鏡開口部と前記光透過部との間に配置され、前記反射鏡の光軸に平行に、上面が光吸収面で下面が鏡面反射面である複数の平板で構成される遮光ルーバと；を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００１９】
請求項３の発明の発明は、反射鏡開口部と光透過部との間に、反射鏡の光軸に平行に上面が光吸収面で下面が鏡面反射面である複数の平板で構成される遮光ルーバを設けたものである。
【００２０】
光源からの出射光は、直接または反射鏡で反射して進行方向に所定の角度に出射される。反射鏡は放物回転体または楕円回転体で形成され、光源からの出射光を反射して、その開口部から道路の進行方向に対して所定角の角度方向に主光軸が向くように反射光を出射する。
【００２１】
光源および反射鏡は照明装置本体であるケースに収納され、光源および反射鏡からの主たる出射光はケースの道路側の側面に設けられた光透過部を通して道路の路面に導かれる。光透過部の前面には前面ガラスが配置されている。
【００２２】
第１の反射板は、光源からの出射光および反射鏡で反射された出射光を反射する鏡面板であり、ケースの道路側内面の進行方向に向かって反射鏡開口部の道路側端から光透過部の道路側手前端までの部分に配置される。
【００２３】
第２の反射板は、反射鏡開口部の道路反対側端から進行方向に向かって光透過部の道路反対側端までの部分に配置され、光源からの出射光、反射鏡からの反射光および第１の反射板の反射光を反射して光透過部を通して道路の路面に出射する。
【００２４】
そして、遮光ルーバは、その上面に当たった光は光吸収面で吸収し、下面に当たった光は鏡面反射面で反射し、光透過部を通して下向きに出射する。
【００２５】
本発明によれば、上面が光吸収面で下面が鏡面反射面である遮光ルーバを設け上方の光を抑制するのでグレアを防止しつつ均斉度を増す照明とすることができる。
【００２６】
請求項４の発明に係わる照明装置は、道路の路肩もしくは中央分離帯で路面から高さ１ｍ以下の位置に設置され、道路に臨んで設けられる側面部およびこの側面部に設けられる光透過部を有した照明装置本体と；照明装置本体の道路進行方向対向側に収納させる少なくとも１つの光源と；放物回転体楕円回転体で形成され、前記光源からの出射光を反射して開口部から道路進行方向に対してα（α＝１５°〜２５°）の角度方向に主光軸を向けるための反射鏡と；反射鏡開口部と光透過部との間の照明装置本体の側面側の内面に設けられ、前記光源からの直接光および前記反射鏡からの反射光のうち前記光透過部を通過しない光を反射させる第１の反射板と；第１の反射板の対向であって反射鏡開口部から光透過部までに設けられ、光源の主光軸方向に対してβ（β＝α−１５°）の角度方向に配置され、第１の反射板で反射された反射光を光透過部を通して道路路面に出射する第２の反射板と；前記反射鏡開口部と前記光透過部との間に配置され、前記反射鏡の主光軸と平行に、上面が前記反射鏡の光軸にほぼ垂直な稜線を持つ凹凸形状である複数の平板で構成される遮光ルーバと；を備えたことを特徴とする。
【００２７】
請求項４の発明の発明は、反射鏡開口部と光透過部との間に、反射鏡の光軸に平行に、上面が反射鏡の光軸にほぼ垂直な稜線を持つ凹凸形状で下面が鏡面反射面である複数の平板で構成される遮光ルーバを設けたものである。
【００２８】
光源からの出射光は、直接または反射鏡で反射して進行方向に所定の角度に出射される。反射鏡は放物回転体または楕円回転体で形成され、光源からの出射光を反射して、その開口部から道路の進行方向に対して所定角の角度方向に主光軸が向くように反射光を出射する。
【００２９】
光源および反射鏡は照明装置本体であるケースに収納され、光源および反射鏡からの主たる出射光はケースの道路側の側面に設けられた光透過部を通して道路の路面に導かれる。光透過部の前面には前面ガラスが配置されている。
【００３０】
第１の反射板は、光源からの出射光および反射鏡で反射された出射光を反射する鏡面板であり、ケースの道路側内面の進行方向に向かって反射鏡開口部の道路側端から光透過部の道路側手前端までの部分に配置される。
【００３１】
第２の反射板は、反射鏡開口部の道路反対側端から進行方向に向かって光透過部の道路反対側端までの部分に配置され、光源からの出射光、反射鏡からの反射光および第１の反射板の反射光を反射して光透過部を通して道路の路面に出射する。
【００３２】
そして、遮光ルーバの上面で反射した反射光は、上面の凹凸により上面の垂直方向に向くので、遮光ルーバから上向きの光を出射することを抑制できる。
【００３３】
本発明によれば、遮光ルーバにより上方の光を遮ることができるので、自動車の運転者への不快グレアを防止できる。
【００３４】
請求項５の発明に係わる照明装置は、請求項３または４の発明において、前記遮光ルーバは、反射鏡側に設けられた第１の遮光ルーバと前記光透過部側に設けられた第２の遮光ルーバとに２分割され、第２の遮光ルーバは第１の遮光ルーバよりも平板間のピッチが大きく、第２の反射板は、その幅方向の中央近傍部分において遮光ルーバの法線に対して１°〜５°の角度で傾斜しており、それ以外の部分においては遮光ルーバに対して垂直であることを特徴とする。
【００３５】
請求項５の発明は、請求項３または４の発明に対して、遮光ルーバを２分割し、光透過部側に設けられた第２の反射板の一部を、その幅方向の中央近傍部分において遮光ルーバの法線に対して１°〜５°の角度で傾斜させたものである。
【００３６】
遮光ルーバを、反射鏡側に設けられた第１の遮光ルーバと光透過部側に設けられた第２の遮光ルーバとに２分割し、第２の遮光ルーバは第１の遮光ルーバよりも平板間のピッチが大きく形成する。また、第２の反射板は、その幅方向の中央近傍部分において遮光ルーバの法線に対して１°〜５°の角度で傾斜させる。この傾斜部分に光が当たると反射光は上向きとなり、第２の遮光ルーバの下面で反射して下向きの光となる。これにより、請求項３または４の発明の効果に加え、グレア防止のための遮光ルーバにより照射されにくくなる照明装置近傍への光が増加し、道路路面の均斉度が向上する。
【００３７】
請求項６の発明に係わる照明装置は、請求項３または４、５の発明において、前記第１の遮光ルーバ、第２の遮光ルーバまたは第３の遮光ルーバの平板は、上部より下部にいくに従って進行方向の長さが短くなっていることを特徴とする。
【００３８】
請求項６の発明は、請求項３または４、５の発明に対して、第１の遮光ルーバ、第２の遮光ルーバまたは第３の遮光ルーバの平板は、上部より下部にいくに従って進行方向の長さを短く形成したものである。ドライバーの視線と遮光ルーバのなす角は、照明装置の上部と下部とを比較すると下部の方が大きいため、遮光ルーバの長さは下部にいくに従って短くて良い。これにより、部材の軽減化が図れ、下部の光を遮光ルーバで遮ることなく道路路面に出射できる。
【００３９】
請求項７の発明に係わる照明装置は、請求項３または４、５、６の発明において、前記第１の遮光ルーバ、第２の遮光ルーバまたは第３の遮光ルーバの平板間のピッチは、上部より下部にいくに従って粗くなっていることを特徴とする。
【００４０】
請求項７の発明は、請求項３または４、５、６の発明に対して、第１の遮光ルーバ、第２の遮光ルーバまたは第３の遮光ルーバの平板間のピッチを、上部より下部にいくに従って粗く形成したものである。ドライバーの視線と遮光ルーバのなす角は、照明装置の上部と下部とを比較すると下部の方が大きいため、遮光ルーバの平板のピッチは下部にいくに従って粗くて良い。これにより、部材の軽減化が図れ、下部の光を遮光ルーバで遮ることなく道路路面に出射できる。
【００４１】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。図１は、本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の平面図である。
【００４２】
照明装置１１は、例えば自動車専用の高速道路の路肩側および中央分離帯側の側方位置で、道路の路面からの高さが１m以下の高さ位置に設置されるとともに、道路の進行方向Ｆに沿って一定の間隔をあけて設置される。例えば、１０ｍ〜１６ｍの間隔で配置される。そして、照明装置１１により、低位置から進行方向へ光を照射して照明するいわゆる低位置プロビーム照明がなされる。
【００４３】
図１に示すように、照明装置１１は照明装置本体としてのケース１２を有し、このケース１２は進行方向Ｆに対応して細長い箱形に形成されており、道路に臨んで略平行な側面部には、進行方向Ｆに沿った領域に光源１３および反射鏡１４の主光軸方向の光を透過する光透過部１５が形成されている。光透過部１５には、例えば、透明なガラス板やポリカーボネートなどの樹脂製の透明板などの前面ガラス１６が密閉状態に取り付けられている。
【００４４】
光源１３はケース１２内の端部に配置される。すなわち、道路の進行方向Ｆに対して道路反対側の側面部の端部に配置される。光源１３は反射鏡１４内に配置され、光源１３からの直接光および反射鏡１４で反射した光は、主光軸Ｌ方向に出射される。この主光軸Ｌは道路の進行方向Ｆに対して出射角αで出射され、下向きに出射される。この場合の俯角は０°〜５°程度であり、運転者が眩しく感じるグレアを防止するためである。なお、この光源１３は点灯回路１７により点灯される。
【００４５】
反射鏡１４の反射面は、放物回転体または楕円回転体で形成され、高さ方向に長い開口面を有している。光源１３は反射鏡１４の反射面の中心部を貫通して配置されており、反射鏡１４によって光を反射させる光軸と光源１３の光軸とが一致するように配置されている。そして、光源１３からの直接光および反射鏡１４で反射した光を主光軸Ｌ方向に出射するようにしている。
【００４６】
一方、光透過部１５が形成されているケース１２の側面部には、第１の反射板１８が設けられており、また、その反対のケース１２の側面部には第２の反射板１９が設けられている。
【００４７】
第１の反射板１８および第２の反射板１９は、光源１３からの直接光および反射鏡１４からの反射光のうち光透過部１５を通過しない光を反射させ、第２の反射板１９によりそれらの反射光を光透過部１５を通して道路路面に出射し照射効率を高めている。また、第１の反射板１８は運転者への直視グレアを防止するための遮光板も兼ねている。
【００４８】
ここで、照明対象である高速道路は、通常、片側一方通行方向に、第１車線、第２車線、第３車線および中央分離帯とを有するので、そのような高速道路を対象として経済計算を行うと、照明装置１１の設置間隔を１０ｍ〜１６ｍとした場合には、照明装置１１からの配光のピーク方向（光主軸Ｌ方向）が道路の進行方向に対してα＝１５°〜２５°であるときに路面輝度の均斉度が高いことが分かった。
【００４９】
これは、α＝１５°以下であると光透過部１５の前面ガラス１６での反射が多いため照射効率が低下するだけでなく、照明装置の寸法(進行方向に沿った幅)が極めて大きくなり、一方、α＝２５°以上であると照明装置１１と隣接する照明装置１１との間に暗部が生じて均斉度が低下するからである。従って、この第１の実施の形態では、光源１３および反射鏡１４の主光軸Ｌの出射角αは、進行方向Ｆに対してα＝１５°〜２５°とする。
【００５０】
一般に、高速道路の路肩側に照明装置１１を設置した場合には、第1車線に比べ、第２、第３車線は暗くなりがちであるので、この第１の実施の形態では、第２の反射板１９を主光軸方向に対して所定角β（β＝α−１５°＝０°〜１０°）の範囲で傾斜させ、第２の反射板１９の反射光がその暗くなった部分に出射するようにする。すなわち、第１の反射板１８と第２の反射板１９により横断方向へ光を照射する。この場合、前面ガラス１６でのフレネル反射と第２の反射板１９による反射光もその対象とする。この横断方向への光の角度は、第２の反射板１９の角度に依存するので、第１の実施の形態では、反射鏡１４の主光軸Ｌに対して第２の反射板１９の角度βを（β＝α−１５°＝０°〜１０°）としている。
【００５１】
いま、照明装置１１の光源１３の配光のピーク角度αが２０°、第２の反射板１９の角度βが５°である場合を考える。図２に示すように、前面ガラス１６に入射する主光軸Ｌの光Ｌ１に対して、前面ガラス１６を透過する光Ｌ２は（出射角２０°、出射率８３％）であり、前面ガラス１６の内面で反射し第２の反射板１９で反射して光透過部１５を通る１回反射光Ｌ３は（出射角γ＝５０°、出射率１２％）である。そして、前面ガラス１６の内面で反射し第２の反射板１９で反射し、さらに第２補助反射鏡１９で反射して光反射部１５を通る２回反射光Ｌ４は（出射角８０°、出射率０．５％）である。３回以上の反射光については減衰が大きいため考えないこととする。
【００５２】
ここで、第２の反射板１９の傾き角度βを（β＝α−１５°）とする理由について説明する。第２の反射板１９の傾き角度βがこれより小さいと、２回反射光Ｌ４の角度が大きくなり運転者への直視グレアが生じることになり、逆に、第２の反射板１９の角度βがこれより大きいと、照明装置１１の配光の横断方向への広がりが不十分となるほか、照明装置１１の寸法が大きくなってしまうからである。従って、第２の反射板１９の角度βは（β＝α−１５°＝０°〜１０°）としている。
【００５３】
次に、照明装置１１の配光の横断方向広がりを、第２の反射板１９の傾き角度で調整するだけでは、透過光Ｌ１と１回反射光Ｌ３との間に暗部が生じることがある。そこで、図３に示すように、この暗部を補うため、進行方向Ｆに対して角度α〜γ＝α〜（α＋３０°）の範囲に光を照射するようにエーミングされた分割反射鏡２０を反射鏡１４の壁側の一部分に配置する。
【００５４】
分割反射鏡２０を反射鏡１４の壁側に配する理由は、この分割反射鏡２０から出射した光が第１の反射板１８に遮られないようにするためである。分割反射鏡２０から出射した角度の大きい光が第１の反射板１８に当たると、第２の反射板１９を介して光透過部１５から出射する光はさらに大きな角度となり、運転者へ直視グレアを与えるので、それを防止するためである。
【００５５】
進行方向に対して角度α〜γ＝α〜（α＋３０°）の範囲をほぼ均一に照射するようにエーミングされた複数の分割反射鏡２０を配することで、路面輝度均斉度をさらに向上させることができる。例えば、光源１３として７０Ｗのセラミックメタルハライドランプを使用し、反射鏡１４の寸法を２００ｍｍ程度とした場合、５°おきにエーミングされた５つの分割反射鏡２０で構成すれば良い。
【００５６】
以上述べたように、第１の実施の形態によれば、自動車の運転者ヘグレアを与えることなく、横断方向において光源１２からの配光を適度に広げることができ、路面輝度均斉度を向上できる。
【００５７】
次に、本発明の第２の実施の形態を説明する。図４は本発明の第２の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図であり、図４（ａ）は平面図、図４（ｂ）は側面図である。
【００５８】
この第２の実施の形態は、反射鏡１４の開口部と光透過部１５との間に、反射鏡１４の光軸に平行に上面が光吸収面で下面が鏡面反射面である複数の平板で構成される遮光ルーバ２１を設けたものである。図４では、反射鏡１４側に設けられた第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａと光透過部１５側に設けられた第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂとに２分割されたものを示している。
【００５９】
光源１３からの直接光および反射鏡１４で反射した光は、主光軸方向に出射される。この主光軸は道路の進行方向に対して所定の出射角α（α＝１０°〜３０°）で出射され、また、俯角は０°〜５°で出射される。これにより、照明の均斉度を適切に得るとともにグレアを低減するようにしている。
【００６０】
例えば、出射角αが１０°以下である場合には、照明される範囲が路肩側や中央分離帯側の照明装置１１の設置場所近傍の狭い範囲に限られて、道路の幅員方向の均斉度が低下し、一方、出射角が３０°以上である場合には、光が進行方向Ｆの遠くまで届かず、進行方向Ｆに沿って設置される照明装置１１と照明装置１１との間が暗くなり進行方向Ｆの均斉度が低下するから、出射角αは（α＝１０°〜３０°）の範囲で選ばれる。第１の実施の形態と同様に、α＝１５°〜２５°の範囲を選んでも良い。
【００６１】
また、俯角が０°以上である場合には、車両のバックミラーに光が入射し、バックミラーを通じて運転者が眩しく感じるグレアが発生し、一方、５°以上である場合、光が幅員方向の遠くまで届かず、照明される範囲が路肩側や中央分離帯側の照明装置１１の設置場所近傍の狭い範囲に限られてしまい幅員方向の均斉度が低下するからである。
【００６２】
次に、光透過部１５が形成されているケース１２の側面部には、第１の反射板１８が設けられており、また、その反対のケース１２の側面部には第２の反射板１９が設けられている。第１の反射板１８および第２の反射板１９は、光源１３からの直接光および反射鏡１４からの反射光のうち光透過部１５を通過しない光を反射させ、第２の反射板１９によりそれらの反射光を光透過部１５を通して道路路面に出射し照射効率を高めている。また、第１の反射板１８は運転者への直視グレアを防止するための遮光板も兼ねている。
【００６３】
また、ケース１２内の光源１３および反射鏡１４と光透過部１５との間には、遮光ルーバ２１を備えている。この遮光ルーバ２１は、光源１３および反射鏡１４と光透過部１５との間で、かつ第１の反射板１８と第２の反射板１９との間に配設される第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａと、第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａより光透過部１５側で光透過部１５と第２の反射板１９との間に配設される第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂとを有している。
【００６４】
第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａは、図５（ａ）に示すように、平板２２ａを上下に略等間隔でかつ互いに略平行に配列して構成され、例えば、平板２２ａの幅ｂ１は１６９mm程度、ピッチＰ１は７mm程度で、進行方向Ｆへ向けて水平方向に対して所定の角度で下降傾斜するようにケース１２内に配設され、その角度θ１はθ１＝２．４°程度としている。
【００６５】
一方、第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂは、図５（ｂ）に示すように、平板２２ｂを上下に略等間隔でかつ互いに略平行に配列して構成され、例えば、平板２２ｂの幅ｂ２は第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａの幅ｂ１より大きい３１０mm程度とし、ピッチＰ２も第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａのピッチＰ１より大きい１４mm程度とし、進行方向Ｆへ向けて水平方向に対して所定の角度θ２で下降傾斜するようにケース１２内に配設され、その角度θ２は２．６°程度としている。
【００６６】
これら各遮光ルーバ２１の角度θ１、θ２は、水平方向に対する反射鏡１４の主光軸Ｌの俯角θaが３°程度の場合で、その主光軸Ｌの俯角θaと同程度かもしくは小さく設定されており、主光軸Ｌの俯角θaに対して±１°程度の範囲が許容範囲とされる。また、これら各遮光ルーバ２１ａ、２１ｂの上面は光の反射を抑制するつや消しの黒色で、下面は光を反射させる鏡面に形成されている。
【００６７】
このように、第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａは、遮光角が２．４°以内となるように設計されている。これは、照明装置１１のエーミング俯角が２°のとき、運転者へのグレアを与える上方０．５°ヘの光を抑えるためであり、その方向から反射鏡１４が見えなくなる遮光角である。
【００６８】
ここで、遮光ルーバ２１ａ、２１ｂの下面は鏡面反射面に形成されているので下方光束は増加するが、その角度限界は反射鏡光軸に対して下方４．８°（第１のルーバの遮光角θ１の２倍)までである。従って、下方光束までも第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａで遮光されてしまう。照明装置１１から第１車線中央部までの距離は５ｍあり、照明装置１１の高さを０．７ｍとすると下方約８°まで照射する必要がある。そこで、図６に示すように、第２の反射板１９の一部（幅方向の中央近傍付近）Ａを、反射面側（道路側）がやや上向きとなるように傾斜させる。図６（ａ）は平面図、図６（ｂ）は側面図、図６（ｃ）は第２の反射板１９が傾斜した場合の第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂとの関係図である。
【００６９】
図６（ｃ）に示すように、第２の反射板１９の傾斜部分に光が当たると反射光は上向きとなり、第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂの下面(鏡面反射面)で反射された後に、下向きの光となって光透過部１５から出射する。第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂは、第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａでの反射グレアを抑えるために設置されている。従って、そのピッチＰ２は前述のように第１の遮光ルーバ２ａよりも大きいため、第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂの下面で反射された光は下方１０°程度まで広がりを持つ。
【００７０】
この第２の実施の形態によれば、自動車の運転者にグレアを与えないよう上方光束を抑えつつ光を遠くまで照射でき、また、近くにも光を照射することができるので路面輝度均斉度が向上する。
次に、本発明の第３の実施の形態を説明する。図７は本発明の第３の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図であり、図７（ａ）は平面図、図７（ｂ）は側面図である。この第３の実施の形態は、遮光ルーバ２１を、反射鏡１４側から光透過部１５側にかけて、第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａ、第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂ、第３の遮光ルーバ２１ｃに３分割し、第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂは、第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａおよび第３の遮光ルーバ２１ｃよりも平板間のピッチを大きく形成したものである。
【００７１】
この遮光ルーバ２１ａ、２１ｂ、２１ｃは、第２の実施の形態と同様に、上面は光吸収面であり、下面は鏡面反射面で形成されている。また、主光軸および俯角についても同様に、主光軸は道路の進行方向Ｆに対して出射角α（α＝１０°〜３０°）で出射され、また、俯角はO〜５°で出射される。これにより、照明の均斉度を適切に得るとともにグレアを低減するようにしている。
【００７２】
光源１３側の第１の遮光ルーバ２１ａは、進行方向Ｆの前方の自動車のミラーを介して発生するグレアを防止するものであり、前方の自動車のサイドミラーから光源と反射鏡を遮るような十分狭い間隔で構成される。これにより、照明装置１１から進行方向Ｆの前方の自動車のミラーへ向って光が出射しないので、運転者がグレアを感じることがなくなる。つまり、照明装置１１が運転者の後方に位置する場合であっても、運転する自動車のサイドミラーやルームミラーを通じて運転者に不快グレアを生じさせることがなくなる。
【００７３】
第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂは、路肩側に配された第２の反射板鏡１９における幅員方向から見た場合のグレアを防止するものである。
【００７４】
第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂは平板間のピッチが大きく形成され、幅員方向への光を照射するが、平行な複数の黒色平板から構成されているので、幅員方向に出射される光の角度は運転者の視線よりも下方になるので、幅員方向から見た場合のグレアを防止できる。
【００７５】
また、第３の遮光ルーバ２１ｃは、進行方向から見た場合のグレアを防止するものである。平板間のピッチが大きい第２の遮光ルーバ２１ｂからの主光軸方向への光は広がりを持つが、平行な複数の黒色平板で俯角を持った第３の第３の遮光ルーバ２１ｃにより上方への光が遮断されるので、進行方向から見た場合のグレアを防止できる。
【００７６】
ここで、照明装置１１は路面から１ｍ以下の位置に配置されるので、一般にドライバーの視線は、照明装置１１よりも高い位置にある。そのため、遮光ルーバ２１の平板２２は、図８（ａ）に示すように、上部より下部にいくに従って進行方向の長さを短く形成できる。図８（ａ）に示すように、ドライバーの視線と遮光ルーバ２１とのなす角は、照明装置１１の上部と下部とを比較すると下部の方が大きくなるので、遮光ルーバ２１の平板２２の長さは、照明装置１１の上部よりも下部を短くする。
【００７７】
また、遮光ルーバ２１の平板２２の長さを、照明装置１１の上部よりも下部を短くすることに代えて、図８（ｂ）に示すように、遮光ルーバ２１の平板２２のピッチを照明装置の上部よりも下部を粗くすることも可能である。
【００７８】
これにより、部材の軽減化が図れ、下部の光を遮光ルーバで遮ることなく道路路面に出射できるので、運転者が照明装置１１を幅員方向から直視したときに生じる不快グレアや照明装置１１の進行方向前方の運転者にサイドミラーやルームミラーを通じて生じる不快グレアを防止できる。
次に、本発明の第４の実施の形態を説明する。図９は本発明の第４の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図であり、図９（ａ）は平面図、図９（ｂ）は側面図である。この第４の実施の形態は、遮光ルーバ２１を構成する平板の上面を凹凸形状とし下面を鏡面反射面としたものであり、上方への光の出射を防止してグレアを防止するようにしたものである。
【００７９】
光源１３からの直接光および反射鏡１４で反射した光は、主光軸方向に出射される。この主光軸は道路の進行方向Ｆに対して出射角α（α＝１０°〜３０°）で、俯角はO〜５°でケース１２の光透過部１５から前面ガラス１６を通して出射される。
【００８０】
光透過部１５が形成されているケース１２の側面部には、第１の反射板１８が設けられており、また、その反対のケース１２の側面部には第２の反射板１９が設けられている。また、ケース１２内の光源１３および反射鏡１４と光透過部１５との間には、遮光ルーバ２１が設けられている。
【００８１】
この第４の実施の形態では、遮光ルーバ２１を構成する平板２２の上面に凹凸形状を持たせている。図１０は、遮光ルーバ２１を構成する平板の説明図であり、図１０（ａ）は従来の凹凸形状を持たせていない場合の平板の側面図、図２（ｂ）は鋸刃上の凹凸形状を持たせた場合の平板の側面図、図１０（ｃ）は不規則な応答形状を持たせた場合の平板の側面図である。
【００８２】
図１０（ｂ）、図１０（ｃ）に示すように、遮光ルーバの平板２２の上面を凹凸形状とすることにより、平板２２に平行に近い角度で入射する光であっても、微視的には凹凸に当たる角度が異なり反射率が小さくなる。また反射後の光の角度も変わるため、反射光は他の平板に当たるか、凹凸内でトラップされて無くなる。
ここで、凹凸の斜面は、その稜線が光線に垂直方向を向いていることが望ましく、光線に対して稜線が平行な面では遮光効果は得られない。よって、遮光効果が最もよく得られるためには、反射鏡１４の光軸に垂直な稜線を持った溝が多く並んでいるようにする。
【００８３】
通常、遮光ルーバの平板の上面につや消し黒色塗装を施して光を反射しないようにしているが、つや消し黒色でも数％の反射率（拡散）を持っているので、遮光ルーバの平板への入射角度が大きい場合、つまり、ほぼ平行に近い角度で当たる場合では、その正反射率は大きく遮光ルーバとしての役割を十分に果たすことができない場合がある。
【００８４】
第４の実施の形態では、このような場合であってもその光を遮光することができるので、遮光ルーバにより確実に上方光を遮ることができ、運転者への不快グレアを抑制できる。
【００８５】
次に、本発明の第５の実施の形態を説明する。図１１は本発明の第５の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の光源１３および反射鏡１４の配置関係の説明図である。この第５の実施の形態は、反射鏡の焦点が主光軸上の光源中心よりその開口部側に位置するようにし、上方への光の出射を抑制しグレアの発生を防止するようにしたものである。
【００８６】
反射鏡１４は、放物回転体もしくはそれに近い焦点間距離の大きい楕円回転体で形成されるので、光源１３が焦点に位置していると、反射鏡１４に当たった光は光軸方向に平行に近い角度で反射される。実際には、光源は点光源ではなく、大きさを持っているため、図１１（ａ）に示すように完全に平行ではなく上下に広がりを持っている。この広がりは反射鏡全面にわたってほぼ同じである。そのため、グレア防止のために上方光（２．５°以上）をカットするためには、遮光ルーバ２１を反射鏡１４の全面に渡って配置しなければならい。
【００８７】
そうすると、下方への出射光までもカットしてしまう。下方への出射光はグレアを発生させることはなく、むしろ均斉度を向上させるために必要な出射光であるので、下方への出射光をカットすることは照射効率鋸有情を阻害することになる。
【００８８】
そこで、第５の実施の形態では、光源１３の中心に対して焦点が反射鏡１４の主光軸上で開口部側に位置するように、反射鏡１４を偏心させて配置する。これにより、反射鏡１４の上部に当たる光は光軸より上向きに、反射鏡１４の下側に当たる光は下側に反射される。偏心させる距離は、反射鏡１４の下側における光源１３の大きさによる光の上方向広がり分をほぼ打ち消すように決定する。光源１３に７０Ｗセラミックメタハラ（発行寸法φ８×１１ｍｍ）を使用し、反射鏡１４の開口部がφ１５０ｍｍのとき、偏心距離は２〜３ｍｍ程度である。
【００８９】
第５の実施の形態によれば、反射鏡１４の下側から上向きに出射する光がなくなるため、主光軸より下側に遮光ルーバ２１は不要となる。反射鏡１４の上側に当たった光は上向きになるが、遮光ルーバ２１の遮光角を適当に設定することで、グレアを生じる角度の上方光をカットできる。
【００９０】
従って、グレアを発生させる角度の上方光のみをカットし下方光は遮らないため照射効率が高くなる。また、遮光ルーバ２１の平板の下面を鏡面反射面にすることで、遮光ルーバ２１の平板に当たった光を下方へ反射して、さらに光を有効に利用することができる。このように、照射効率を低下させずに、照明装置の上方光束を抑えて自動車の運転者へのグレアを抑制することができる。
次に、本発明の第６の実施の形態を説明する。図１２は本発明の第６の実施の形態に係わる照明装置１１の説明図であり、図１２（ａ）は平面図、図１２（ｂ）は本体取付器具の側面図である。この第６の実施の形態は、光源１３やケース１２の取り付けの微調整や調光が行えるようにしたものであり、これによりエーミングを可能とし照明装置１１の設置個所の状況に応じて道路路面の均斉度や照度を適正に保つようにしている。
【００９１】
まず、照明装置１１の明るさ向上については、複数個の光源１３ａ、１３ｂをを配置して対応する。図１２（ａ）では２個の光源１３ａ、１３ｂを設けた場合を示している。光源１３ａ、１３ｂには、照明装置１１の内部で角度毎に取り付け位置を調整できる調整決定ネジを有した光源取付器具２３ａ、２３ｂを設け、それぞれ独立したエイミングが可能なようにする。これにより、照明装置１１のケース１２内で光源１３ａ、１３ｂの位置を変更しエイミングを変える。
【００９２】
同様に、照明装置１１のケース１２にも取付角度を調整できる本体取付器具２４ａ、２４ｂを設け、本体取付器具２４ａ、２４ｂの取付角度を調整する。図１２（ｂ）は本体取付器具２４の一例を示す側面図である。この本体取付器具はケース１２に取り付けられる取付脚２５と台座部２６とを締め付けねじ２７で固定する。この場合、締め付けねじ２７を中心に矢印方向に角度を変えられ、所定のピッチで設けられた固定孔２８にピンを挿入して角度を固定し、締め付けねじ２７を締めて固定する。
【００９３】
３個の光源１３を設けた場合には、例えば、手前は明るさの減衰が少ないので１灯の光源１３で手前を照らし、２灯の光源１３で遠方を照明する。また、遮光ルーバ２１も同一に動く構造にすることも可能である。
【００９４】
第６の実施の形態によれば、光学系を変更しなくても照明装置１１の明るさが確保でき、設置条件などの問題で取り付け位置がが多少ずれても柔軟に対応できる。また、道路のカーブなどに設置する場合においても、複数の光源１３のエイミングを微調整することにより対応が可能となる。
【００９５】
複数の光源１３を有しているので、例えば１灯が不点となっても、片方が点灯しているため、その部分が真っ暗になることがない。同時に、例えば、同一位置を照明するエーミングの場合、５０％調光時に片方を消灯すれば、色温度を変えること無く調光が可能となる。この場合、１日毎に信号をもらうなどして交互に調光する際の光源を消灯すれば、寿命は調光時は２倍になるので寿命が延び省メンテナンスが実現可能となる。
【００９６】
【発明の効果】
請求項１の発明によれば、自動車の運転者が感じるグレアを防止し、道路の路面の横断方向への出射光を確保できるので、均斉度を向上させることができる。
【００９７】
請求項２の発明によれば、請求項１の発明の効果に加え、道路路面の横断方向への出射光を均一にできるので、道路路面の均斉度をさらに向上させることができる。
【００９８】
請求項３の発明によれば、上面が光吸収面で下面が鏡面反射面である遮光ルーバを設け上方の光を抑制するのでグレアを防止しつつ光を近くに照射できる。
【００９９】
請求項４の発明によれば、遮光ルーバにより上方の光を遮ることができるので、自動車の運転者への不快グレアを防止できる。
【０１００】
請求項５の発明によれば、請求項３または４の発明の効果に加え、下向きの光を遠くまで照射できるので、道路路面の均斉度を向上させることができる。
【０１０１】
請求項６の発明、請求項７の発明によれば、部材の軽減化が図れ、下部の光を遮光ルーバで遮ることなく道路路面に出射できる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の平面図。
【図２】本発明の第１の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の出射光の説明図。
【図３】本発明の第１の実施の形態に反射鏡に分割反射鏡を設けた場合の説明図。
【図４】本発明の第２の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図であり、図４（ａ）は平面図、図４（ｂ）は側面図。
【図５】本発明の第２の実施の形態における遮光ルーバの説明図であり、図５（ａ）は第１の遮光ルーバの説明図、図５（ｂ）は第２の遮光ルーバの説明図。
【図６】本発明の第２の実施の形態における第２の反射板の取り付けの説明図であり、図６（ａ）は平面図、図６（ｂ）は側面図、図６（ｃ）は第２の反射板が傾斜した場合の第２の遮光ルーバとの関係図。
【図７】本発明の第３の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図であり、図７（ａ）は平面図、図７（ｂ）は側面図。
【図８】本発明の第３の実施の形態における遮光ルーバの平板の説明図であり、図８（ａ）は下部ほど平板が短くなっている場合の説明図、図８（ｂ）は下部ほど平板の間隔が粗くなっている場合の説明図。
【図９】本発明の第４の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図。
【図１０】本発明の第４の実施の形態における遮光ルーバを構成する平板の説明図。
【図１１】本発明の第５の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の光源および反射鏡の配置関係の説明図。
【図１２】本発明の第６の実施の形態に係わる照明装置の説明図であり、図１２（ａ）は平面図、図１２（ｂ）は本体取付器具の側面図。
【符号の説明】
１１…照明装置、１２…ケース、１３…光源、１４…反射鏡、１５…光透過部、１６…前面ガラス、１７…点灯回路、１８…第１の反射板、１９…第２の反射板、２０…分割反射鏡、２１…遮光ルーバ、２２…平板、２３…光源取付器具、２４…本体取付器具、２５…取付脚、２６…台座部、２７…締め付けねじ、２８…固定孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an illuminating device that makes it easier for an automobile driver to perceive an obstacle existing on a road surface of an automobile road or an automobile parked on a road shoulder.
[0002]
[Prior art]
For example, road lights such as highways dedicated to automobiles generally use a road light with a lighting fixture attached to the tip of a pole installed on the shoulder side of the road or in a median strip. Is illuminated from above.
[0003]
Since such road lights are installed at regular intervals along the road, immediately after the preceding vehicle traveling on the road passes under the road light, the preceding vehicle is directly illuminated and is visible from the following vehicle. In addition, while the preceding vehicle passes through the middle point between the road lights and reaches the bottom of the next road light, the preceding vehicle becomes a shadow. By being secured, the presence of the preceding vehicle can be visually recognized from the following vehicle by the luminance contrast between the shadow of the preceding vehicle and the road surface luminance.
[0004]
In addition, as an illumination device for ensuring visibility, there is an example in which a spotlight is irradiated in a traveling direction toward a fixed position in order to ensure visibility in fog in the Numata area of the Kanetsu Expressway (construction electrical technology NO, 109). , 24-29 2, 1995). As for tunnel illumination, pro-beam illumination has been proposed in which an illumination device having a narrow-angle light distribution is arranged at a low position so that the main light distribution can be obtained in the traveling direction.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, on highways, for example, with high-performance pavement with improved drainage, the road surface reflectance may become low and it may be difficult to ensure the road surface brightness. Therefore, there is a problem that the brightness of the preceding vehicle from the following vehicle is lowered. In addition to the preceding vehicle traveling on the road, there are similar problems regarding the visibility of obstacles on the road and vehicles parked on the road shoulder.
[0006]
On highways, there are attempts to irradiate spotlights in the direction of the road in order to ensure visibility in fog, but the spotlights are incident on the vehicle's rearview mirror and feel dazzling. There is a problem that glare occurs.
[0007]
On the other hand, in the case of Pro-beam lighting that allows the main light distribution in the direction of travel from a lighting device with a narrow-angle light distribution arranged at a low position, the height of the lighting device is about the same as the eye level of the driver There is a concern that uncomfortable glare may occur when the driver looks directly at the lighting device from the width direction. Further, when the lighting device is located behind the driver, there is a fear that uncomfortable glare may be caused to the driver through a side mirror or a rear-view mirror of the driving automobile.
[0008]
The present invention has been made in view of these points, and an object of the present invention is to provide an illumination device that can improve the visibility of a preceding vehicle traveling on a road and can reduce the occurrence of glare due to illumination.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The lighting device according to the invention of claim 1 is installed at a height of 1 m or less from the road surface at the shoulder of the road or at the median strip. Face Sides provided by Part and this side part An illuminating device main body having a light transmissive portion provided in the illuminating device main body; at least one light source housed on the opposite side of the illuminating device main body in the road traveling direction; A reflecting mirror for reflecting and directing the main optical axis in an angular direction of α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the road traveling direction from the opening; a reflecting mirror opening and a light transmitting portion When Provided on the inner surface of the side of the lighting device body between The direct light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflecting mirror are reflected from the light that does not pass through the light transmitting portion. An angle of β (β = α−15 °) with respect to the main optical axis direction of the light source provided between the first reflecting plate and the first reflecting plate and from the reflecting mirror opening to the light transmitting portion Arranged in the direction The reflected light reflected by the first reflector is emitted to the road surface through the light transmission part. And a second reflecting plate.
[0010]
In the present invention and the following inventions, definitions and technical meanings of terms are as follows unless otherwise specified.
[0011]
The illuminating device is an illuminating device that is disposed at a low position on the road and has a narrow-angle light distribution, and is a pro-beam illumination type illuminating device that allows the main light distribution in the traveling direction. For example, the illuminating device is installed at a predetermined interval along the traveling direction of the vehicle at a position where the light source is 1 m or less in height from the road shoulder edge or the road surface of the median strip.
[0012]
At least one light source is provided, and in the case of a plurality of light sources, preferably two or three. The light emitted from the light source is directly or reflected by a reflecting mirror and emitted at a predetermined angle in the traveling direction. The reflecting mirror is formed of a parabolic rotator or an elliptic rotator, reflects light emitted from the light source, and has an angle α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the traveling direction of the road from the opening. The reflected light is emitted so that the main optical axis is directed in the direction.
[0013]
The light source and the reflecting mirror are housed in a case that is a main body of the lighting device, and the main emitted light from the light source and the reflecting mirror is guided to the road surface of the road through a light transmitting portion provided on the side surface of the case on the road side. A front glass is disposed on the front surface of the light transmission portion.
[0014]
The first reflecting plate is a mirror plate that reflects the emitted light from the light source and the emitted light reflected by the reflecting mirror, and light from the road side end of the reflecting mirror opening toward the traveling direction of the road side inner surface of the case. It arrange | positions in the part to the road side near end of a permeation | transmission part.
[0015]
The second reflecting plate is provided in a portion from the opposite end of the reflecting opening to the opposite end of the light transmitting portion in the traveling direction, and the emitted light from the light source, the reflected light from the reflecting mirror, and It arrange | positions so that the reflected light of a 1st reflecting plate may radiate | emit in the angle direction of predetermined angle (beta) ((beta) = (alpha) -15 degrees) with respect to the main optical axis direction.
[0016]
Here, the exit angle α of the emitted light is set with respect to the traveling direction. 15 ° The reason for this is to suppress the reflection of the front glass of the light transmission part, and the reason why the angle is set to 25 ° or less is to suppress the dark part between the illumination devices and prevent a decrease in uniformity. That is, the arrangement position of the second reflecting plate is set to an angle direction of a predetermined angle β (β = α−15 ° = 0 ° to 10 °) with respect to the main optical axis direction, and the emitted light in the transverse direction of the road surface of the road. To ensure uniformity.
[0017]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the lighting device according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the reflecting mirror is configured such that a part of the opposite side of the road is in the traveling direction of the road and the light transmission part has an emission angle of the transmitted light and the first It has the reflecting mirror divided | segmented so that light may be irradiated to the angle range between the output angles of the once reflected light of 2 reflectors.
The invention of claim 2 is a further improvement of the road surface uniformity over the invention of claim 1. The reflecting mirror has a divided reflecting mirror in which a part on the opposite side of the road is aiming with respect to the traveling direction of the road. The light is irradiated in an angle range between the outgoing angle of the once reflected light of the reflector. Thereby, the uniformity of the road surface is further improved.
[0018]
The lighting device according to the invention of claim 3 is installed at a height of 1 m or less from the road surface at the shoulder of the road or the median strip. Face Sides provided by Part and this side part An illuminating device main body having a light transmissive portion provided in the illuminating device main body; at least one light source housed on the opposite side of the illuminating device main body in the road traveling direction; A reflecting mirror for reflecting and directing the main optical axis in an angular direction of α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the road traveling direction from the opening; a reflecting mirror opening and a light transmitting portion When Provided on the inner surface of the side of the lighting device body between The direct light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflecting mirror are reflected from the light that does not pass through the light transmitting portion. An angle of β (β = α−15 °) with respect to the main optical axis direction of the light source provided between the first reflecting plate and the first reflecting plate and from the reflecting mirror opening to the light transmitting portion Arranged in the direction The reflected light reflected by the first reflector is emitted to the road surface through the light transmission part. A plurality of flat plates disposed between the reflecting mirror opening and the light transmitting portion, parallel to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror, having an upper surface as a light absorbing surface and a lower surface as a specular reflecting surface; And a shading louver comprising:
[0019]
The invention of claim 3 is constituted by a plurality of flat plates between the reflecting mirror opening and the light transmitting portion, the upper surface being parallel to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror and the upper surface being a light absorbing surface and the lower surface being a specular reflecting surface. A light shielding louver is provided.
[0020]
The light emitted from the light source is directly or reflected by a reflecting mirror and emitted at a predetermined angle in the traveling direction. The reflecting mirror is formed of a parabolic rotator or an elliptic rotator, and reflects the light emitted from the light source so that the main optical axis is directed in the direction of a predetermined angle with respect to the traveling direction of the road from the opening. Emits light.
[0021]
The light source and the reflecting mirror are housed in a case that is a main body of the lighting device, and the main emitted light from the light source and the reflecting mirror is guided to the road surface of the road through a light transmitting portion provided on the side surface of the case on the road side. A front glass is disposed on the front surface of the light transmission portion.
[0022]
The first reflecting plate is a mirror plate that reflects the emitted light from the light source and the emitted light reflected by the reflecting mirror, and light from the road side end of the reflecting mirror opening toward the traveling direction of the road side inner surface of the case. It arrange | positions in the part to the road side near end of a permeation | transmission part.
[0023]
The second reflector is disposed in a portion from the opposite side end of the reflector opening to the opposite side end of the light transmission part in the traveling direction, and the emitted light from the light source, the reflected light from the reflector, and The reflected light of the first reflecting plate is reflected and emitted to the road surface through the light transmission part.
[0024]
The light shielding louver absorbs the light hitting the upper surface by the light absorbing surface, reflects the light hitting the lower surface by the specular reflecting surface, and emits the light downward through the light transmitting portion.
[0025]
According to the present invention, a light-shielding louver whose upper surface is a light-absorbing surface and whose lower surface is a specular reflecting surface is provided to suppress the upper light, so that the illumination can be increased while preventing glare.
[0026]
The lighting device according to the invention of claim 4 is installed at a height of 1 m or less from the road surface at the shoulder of the road or the median strip. Face Sides provided by Part and this side part An illuminating device main body having a light transmissive portion provided in the illuminating device main body; at least one light source housed on the opposite side of the illuminating device main body in the road traveling direction; A reflecting mirror for reflecting and directing the main optical axis in an angular direction of α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the road traveling direction from the opening; a reflecting mirror opening and a light transmitting portion When Provided on the inner surface of the side of the lighting device body between The direct light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflecting mirror are reflected from the light that does not pass through the light transmitting portion. An angle of β (β = α−15 °) with respect to the main optical axis direction of the light source provided between the first reflecting plate and the first reflecting plate and from the reflecting mirror opening to the light transmitting portion Arranged in the direction The reflected light reflected by the first reflector is emitted to the road surface through the light transmission part. A second reflecting plate; disposed between the reflecting mirror opening and the light transmitting portion, having a ridge line parallel to the main optical axis of the reflecting mirror and having an upper surface substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror; And a light shielding louver composed of a plurality of flat plates having an uneven shape.
[0027]
According to the invention of claim 4, the concave and convex shape having a ridge line parallel to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror and having an upper surface substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror between the reflecting mirror opening and the light transmitting portion. A light-blocking louver composed of a plurality of flat plates that are specular reflection surfaces is provided.
[0028]
The light emitted from the light source is directly or reflected by a reflecting mirror and emitted at a predetermined angle in the traveling direction. The reflecting mirror is formed of a parabolic rotator or an elliptic rotator, and reflects the light emitted from the light source so that the main optical axis is directed in the direction of a predetermined angle with respect to the traveling direction of the road from the opening. Emits light.
[0029]
The light source and the reflecting mirror are housed in a case that is a main body of the lighting device, and the main emitted light from the light source and the reflecting mirror is guided to the road surface of the road through a light transmitting portion provided on the side surface of the case on the road side. A front glass is disposed on the front surface of the light transmission portion.
[0030]
The first reflecting plate is a mirror plate that reflects the emitted light from the light source and the emitted light reflected by the reflecting mirror, and light from the road side end of the reflecting mirror opening toward the traveling direction of the road side inner surface of the case. It arrange | positions in the part to the road side near end of a permeation | transmission part.
[0031]
The second reflector is disposed in a portion from the opposite side end of the reflector opening to the opposite side end of the light transmission part in the traveling direction, and the emitted light from the light source, the reflected light from the reflector, and The reflected light of the first reflecting plate is reflected and emitted to the road surface through the light transmission part.
[0032]
And since the reflected light reflected by the upper surface of the light shielding louver is directed in the vertical direction of the upper surface due to the unevenness of the upper surface, it is possible to suppress the upward light from being emitted from the light shielding louver.
[0033]
According to the present invention, since the upper light can be blocked by the light blocking louver, unpleasant glare to the driver of the car can be prevented.
[0034]
A lighting device according to a fifth aspect of the present invention is the lighting device according to the third or fourth aspect, wherein the light shielding louver is a first light shielding louver provided on the reflecting mirror side and a second light shielding louver provided on the light transmitting portion side. The second light-blocking louver has a larger pitch between the flat plates than the first light-blocking louver, and the second reflecting plate has a width near the center of the light-blocking louver. It is inclined at an angle of 1 ° to 5 °, and the other portion is perpendicular to the light shielding louver.
[0035]
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, in contrast to the third or fourth aspect of the invention, the light shielding louver is divided into two parts, and a part of the second reflecting plate provided on the light transmission part side is arranged in the vicinity of the center in the width direction Are inclined at an angle of 1 ° to 5 ° with respect to the normal line of the light shielding louver.
[0036]
The light shielding louver is divided into two parts, a first light shielding louver provided on the reflecting mirror side and a second light shielding louver provided on the light transmitting portion side, and the second light shielding louver is flatter than the first light shielding louver. A large pitch is formed between them. Further, the second reflector is inclined at an angle of 1 ° to 5 ° with respect to the normal line of the light shielding louver in the vicinity of the center in the width direction. When light strikes this inclined portion, the reflected light is directed upward and reflected by the lower surface of the second light shielding louver to become downward light. Thereby, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 3 or 4, the light to the vicinity of the lighting device that is difficult to be irradiated by the light shielding louver for preventing glare is increased, and the uniformity of the road surface is improved.
[0037]
A lighting device according to a sixth aspect of the present invention is the lighting device according to the third, fourth, or fifth aspect, wherein the flat plate of the first light shielding louver, the second light shielding louver, or the third light shielding louver goes from the upper part to the lower part. The length in the traveling direction is shortened.
[0038]
In the invention of claim 6, in contrast to the invention of claim 3, 4 or 5, the flat plate of the first shading louver, the second shading louver, or the third shading louver moves in the traveling direction from the top to the bottom. The length is short. The angle formed by the driver's line of sight and the light shielding louver is larger in the lower part when comparing the upper part and the lower part of the lighting device. Therefore, the length of the light shielding louver may be shorter as it goes to the lower part. As a result, the number of members can be reduced, and the lower light can be emitted to the road surface without being blocked by the light blocking louver.
[0039]
A lighting device according to a seventh aspect of the present invention is the lighting device according to the third, fourth, fifth, or sixth aspect, wherein the pitch between the flat plates of the first light shielding louver, the second light shielding louver, or the third light shielding louver is an upper portion. It is characterized by becoming rougher as it goes to the lower part.
[0040]
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the pitch between the flat plates of the first light shielding louver, the second light shielding louver, or the third light shielding louver is changed from the upper part to the lower part with respect to the inventions of the third, fourth, fifth and sixth aspects. As it goes, it is formed roughly. The angle formed by the driver's line of sight and the light shielding louver is larger in the lower part when the upper part and the lower part of the lighting device are compared. Therefore, the pitch of the flat plate of the light shielding louver may be increased toward the lower part. As a result, the number of members can be reduced, and the lower light can be emitted to the road surface without being blocked by the light blocking louver.
[0041]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a plan view of a lighting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
[0042]
The illuminating device 11 is installed at a side position on the shoulder side and the median strip side of a highway dedicated to automobiles, for example, at a height of 1 m or less from the road surface, and the road traveling direction F Are installed at regular intervals. For example, it arrange | positions at the space | interval of 10m-16m. The illumination device 11 performs so-called low-position pro-beam illumination that illuminates by irradiating light from a low position in the traveling direction.
[0043]
As shown in FIG. 1, the illuminating device 11 has a case 12 as an illuminating device main body. The case 12 is formed in an elongated box shape corresponding to the traveling direction F, and faces substantially parallel to the road. In the part, a light transmission part 15 that transmits light in the main optical axis direction of the light source 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 is formed in a region along the traveling direction F. For example, a front glass 16 such as a transparent glass plate or a transparent plate made of a resin such as polycarbonate is attached to the light transmission portion 15 in a sealed state.
[0044]
The light source 13 is disposed at an end in the case 12. That is, it is arranged at the end of the side surface on the opposite side of the road with respect to the traveling direction F of the road. The light source 13 is disposed in the reflecting mirror 14, and the direct light from the light source 13 and the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 14 are emitted in the direction of the main optical axis L. This main optical axis L is emitted at an emission angle α with respect to the traveling direction F of the road, and is emitted downward. The depression angle in this case is about 0 ° to 5 ° for preventing glare that the driver feels dazzling. The light source 13 is turned on by a lighting circuit 17.
[0045]
The reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 14 is formed of a parabolic rotator or an elliptic rotator, and has an opening surface that is long in the height direction. The light source 13 is disposed so as to penetrate the central portion of the reflecting surface of the reflecting mirror 14, and is disposed so that the optical axis that reflects light by the reflecting mirror 14 and the optical axis of the light source 13 coincide with each other. The direct light from the light source 13 and the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 14 are emitted in the direction of the main optical axis L.
[0046]
On the other hand, a first reflecting plate 18 is provided on the side surface of the case 12 where the light transmitting portion 15 is formed, and a second reflecting plate 19 is provided on the side surface of the opposite case 12. Is provided.
[0047]
The first reflecting plate 18 and the second reflecting plate 19 reflect the direct light from the light source 13 and the reflected light from the reflecting mirror 14 that does not pass through the light transmitting portion 15, and are reflected by the second reflecting plate 19. The reflected light is emitted to the road surface through the light transmitting portion 15 to increase the irradiation efficiency. Further, the first reflecting plate 18 also serves as a light shielding plate for preventing direct-view glare to the driver.
[0048]
Here, the highway that is the subject of illumination usually has the first lane, the second lane, the third lane, and the median strip in the one-way one-way direction, so economic calculation is performed for such a highway. When the installation interval of the illuminating device 11 is set to 10 m to 16 m, the peak direction of light distribution from the illuminating device 11 (direction of the optical main axis L) is α = 15 ° to 25 ° with respect to the traveling direction of the road. It was found that the road surface brightness uniformity is high.
[0049]
This is because when α = 15 ° or less, the light transmission part 15 is reflected by the front glass 16 so that the irradiation efficiency is lowered, and the dimensions of the illumination device (width along the traveling direction) become extremely large. On the other hand, if α = 25 ° or more, a dark portion is generated between the illumination device 11 and the adjacent illumination device 11, and the uniformity is lowered. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the main optical axis L of the light source 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 Outgoing The angle α is set to α = 15 ° to 25 ° with respect to the traveling direction F.
[0050]
In general, when the lighting device 11 is installed on the shoulder side of an expressway, the second and third lanes tend to be darker than the first lane. Therefore, in the first embodiment, the second lane The reflecting plate 19 is tilted in a range of a predetermined angle β (β = α−15 ° = 0 ° to 10 °) with respect to the main optical axis direction, and the reflected light of the second reflecting plate 19 is in the darkened portion. Let it go out. That is, light is irradiated in the transverse direction by the first reflector 18 and the second reflector 19. In this case, the Fresnel reflection on the front glass 16 and the light reflected by the second reflecting plate 19 are also targeted. Since the angle of the light in the transverse direction depends on the angle of the second reflector 19, in the first embodiment, the angle of the second reflector 19 with respect to the main optical axis L of the reflector 14. β is (β = α−15 ° = 0 ° to 10 °).
[0051]
Consider a case where the peak angle α of the light distribution of the light source 13 of the illumination device 11 is 20 ° and the angle β of the second reflector 19 is 5 °. As shown in FIG. 2, the light L2 that passes through the front glass 16 with respect to the light L1 of the main optical axis L incident on the front glass 16 is (an emission angle of 20 °, an output rate of 83%). The one-time reflected light L3 reflected by the inner surface of the light and reflected by the second reflecting plate 19 and passing through the light transmitting portion 15 is (emission angle γ = 50 °, emission rate 12%). Then, the reflected light L4 reflected twice by the inner surface of the front glass 16, reflected by the second reflecting plate 19, and further reflected by the second auxiliary reflecting mirror 19 and passing through the light reflecting portion 15 (with an emission angle of 80 °, emission). Rate 0.5%). The reflection light of three times or more is not considered because the attenuation is large.
[0052]
Here, the reason why the inclination angle β of the second reflecting plate 19 is (β = α−15 °) will be described. If the inclination angle β of the second reflecting plate 19 is smaller than this, the angle of the twice reflected light L4 becomes large, causing direct-view glare to the driver, and conversely, the angle β of the second reflecting plate 19 Is larger than this, the spread of the light distribution of the illumination device 11 in the transverse direction becomes insufficient, and the size of the illumination device 11 becomes large. Accordingly, the angle β of the second reflecting plate 19 is (β = α−15 ° = 0 ° to 10 °).
[0053]
Next, a dark portion may be generated between the transmitted light L1 and the one-time reflected light L3 only by adjusting the spread in the transverse direction of the light distribution of the lighting device 11 by the tilt angle of the second reflecting plate 19. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3, in order to compensate for this dark part, the divided reflecting mirror 20 that is aimed to irradiate light in a range of angles α to γ = α to (α + 30 °) with respect to the traveling direction F is reflected. The mirror 14 is arranged on a part of the wall side.
[0054]
The reason why the split reflecting mirror 20 is disposed on the wall side of the reflecting mirror 14 is to prevent the light emitted from the split reflecting mirror 20 from being blocked by the first reflecting plate 18. When light having a large angle emitted from the split reflecting mirror 20 hits the first reflecting plate 18, the light emitted from the light transmitting portion 15 via the second reflecting plate 19 has a larger angle, and direct glare is directly directed to the driver. This is to prevent it.
[0055]
Further improving road surface brightness uniformity by arranging a plurality of segmented reflecting mirrors 20 aiming to irradiate a range of angles α to γ = α to (α + 30 °) substantially uniformly with respect to the traveling direction. Can do. For example, when a 70 W ceramic metal halide lamp is used as the light source 13 and the size of the reflecting mirror 14 is about 200 mm, the light source 13 may be constituted by five divided reflecting mirrors 20 aiming at intervals of 5 °.
[0056]
As described above, according to the first embodiment, the light distribution from the light source 12 can be appropriately expanded in the transverse direction without giving the driver's hegreer, and the road surface brightness uniformity can be improved. .
[0057]
Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. 4A and 4B are explanatory views of a lighting apparatus according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a side view.
[0058]
In the second embodiment, a plurality of flat plates between the opening of the reflecting mirror 14 and the light transmitting portion 15 are parallel to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 14 and have a light absorbing surface on the upper surface and a mirror reflecting surface on the lower surface. Is provided with a light shielding louver 21. In FIG. 4, a first light shielding louver 21 a provided on the reflecting mirror 14 side and a second light shielding louver 21 b provided on the light transmitting portion 15 side are divided into two parts.
[0059]
The direct light from the light source 13 and the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 14 are emitted in the main optical axis direction. This main optical axis is emitted at a predetermined emission angle α (α = 10 ° to 30 °) with respect to the traveling direction of the road, and the depression angle is emitted at 0 ° to 5 °. Thereby, the uniformity of illumination is appropriately obtained and the glare is reduced.
[0060]
For example, when the emission angle α is 10 ° or less, the illuminated range is limited to a narrow range in the vicinity of the installation location of the lighting device 11 on the road shoulder side or the median strip side, and the uniformity in the width direction of the road On the other hand, when the emission angle is 30 ° or more, the light does not reach far in the traveling direction F, and the space between the lighting device 11 and the lighting device 11 installed along the traveling direction F is dark. Since the uniformity of the traveling direction F decreases, the emission angle α is selected in the range of (α = 10 ° to 30 °). As in the first embodiment, a range of α = 15 ° to 25 ° may be selected.
[0061]
In addition, when the depression angle is 0 ° or more, light is incident on the rear mirror of the vehicle, and glare that the driver feels dazzling is generated through the rear view mirror. On the other hand, when the depression angle is 5 ° or more, the light is in the width direction. This is because the range that does not reach far and is illuminated is limited to a narrow range in the vicinity of the installation location of the illumination device 11 on the road shoulder side or the median strip side, and the uniformity in the width direction decreases.
[0062]
Next, a first reflecting plate 18 is provided on the side surface of the case 12 where the light transmitting portion 15 is formed, and a second reflecting plate 19 is provided on the side surface of the opposite case 12. Is provided. The first reflecting plate 18 and the second reflecting plate 19 reflect the direct light from the light source 13 and the reflected light from the reflecting mirror 14 that does not pass through the light transmitting portion 15, and are reflected by the second reflecting plate 19. The reflected light is emitted to the road surface through the light transmitting portion 15 to increase the irradiation efficiency. Further, the first reflecting plate 18 also serves as a light shielding plate for preventing direct-view glare to the driver.
[0063]
Further, a light shielding louver 21 is provided between the light source 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 in the case 12 and the light transmitting portion 15. The light shielding louver 21 is a first light shielding louver 21 a disposed between the light source 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 and the light transmitting portion 15 and between the first reflecting plate 18 and the second reflecting plate 19. And a second light shielding louver 21b disposed between the light transmitting portion 15 and the second reflecting plate 19 on the light transmitting portion 15 side of the first light shielding louver 21a.
[0064]
As shown in FIG. 5A, the first light shielding louver 21a is configured by arranging the flat plates 22a vertically and substantially parallel to each other, and the flat plate 22a has a width b1 of about 169 mm and a pitch, for example. P1 is about 7 mm and is arranged in the case 12 so as to incline downward at a predetermined angle with respect to the horizontal direction toward the traveling direction F, and the angle θ1 is about θ1 = 2.4 °.
[0065]
On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 5B, the second light shielding louver 21b is configured by arranging the flat plates 22b vertically and substantially parallel to each other, for example, the width b2 of the flat plate 22b is the first. The light shielding louver 21a is about 310 mm larger than the width b1 and the pitch P2 is also about 14 mm larger than the pitch P1 of the first light shielding louver 21a, and descends at a predetermined angle θ2 with respect to the horizontal direction toward the traveling direction F. The angle θ2 is about 2.6 °.
[0066]
The angles θ1 and θ2 of the light shielding louvers 21 are set to be equal to or smaller than the included angle θa of the main optical axis L when the included angle θa of the main optical axis L of the reflecting mirror 14 with respect to the horizontal direction is about 3 °. The allowable range is about ± 1 ° with respect to the depression angle θa of the main optical axis L. Further, the upper surface of each light shielding louver 21a, 21b is matte black that suppresses reflection of light, and the lower surface is formed as a mirror surface that reflects light.
[0067]
Thus, the first light shielding louver 21a is designed so that the light shielding angle is within 2.4 °. This is to suppress light upward 0.5 ° which gives glare to the driver when the aiming depression angle of the lighting device 11 is 2 °, and is a light blocking angle at which the reflecting mirror 14 cannot be seen from that direction.
[0068]
Here, since the lower surface of the light shielding louvers 21a and 21b is formed as a specular reflection surface, the lower light flux increases, but the angle limit is 4.8 ° below the optical axis of the reflecting mirror (the light shielding of the first louver). Up to twice the angle θ1). Therefore, even the lower light flux is shielded by the first light shielding louver 21a. From the lighting device 11 to the center of the first lane distance If the height of the illuminating device 11 is 0.7 m, it is necessary to irradiate about 8 ° below. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6, a part of the second reflector 19 (near the center in the width direction) A is inclined so that the reflecting surface side (road side) is slightly upward. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a side view, and FIG. 6C is a relationship diagram with the second light shielding louver 21b when the second reflector 19 is inclined.
[0069]
As shown in FIG. 6C, when light strikes the inclined portion of the second reflecting plate 19, the reflected light is directed upward, and is reflected downward by the lower surface (specular reflecting surface) of the second light shielding louver 21b. And is emitted from the light transmitting portion 15. The second light shielding louver 21b is installed to suppress reflection glare at the first light shielding louver 21a. Accordingly, since the pitch P2 is larger than that of the first light shielding louver 2a as described above, the light reflected by the lower surface of the second light shielding louver 21b spreads downward by about 10 °.
[0070]
According to the second embodiment, it is possible to irradiate light far while suppressing the upper luminous flux so as not to give glare to the driver of the automobile, and it is possible to irradiate light nearby, so the road surface brightness uniformity degree Will improve.
Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. 7A and 7B are explanatory views of a lighting device according to the third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 7A is a plan view and FIG. 7B is a side view. In the third embodiment, the light shielding louver 21 is divided into three parts, a first light shielding louver 21a, a second light shielding louver 21b, and a third light shielding louver 21c, from the reflecting mirror 14 side to the light transmitting portion 15 side. The second light shielding louver 21b has a larger pitch between the flat plates than the first light shielding louver 21a and the third light shielding louver 21c.
[0071]
As in the second embodiment, the light shielding louvers 21a, 21b, and 21c have an upper surface that is a light absorption surface and a lower surface that is a specular reflection surface. Similarly, the main optical axis and the depression angle are emitted at an emission angle α (α = 10 ° to 30 °) with respect to the traveling direction F of the road, and the depression angle is emitted at an angle of O to 5 °. Is done. Thereby, the uniformity of illumination is appropriately obtained and the glare is reduced.
[0072]
The first light-shielding louver 21a on the light source 13 side prevents glare that occurs through the vehicle mirror in front of the traveling direction F, and is sufficient to block the light source and the reflecting mirror from the side mirror of the vehicle in front. Consists of narrow intervals. As a result, no light is emitted from the lighting device 11 toward the vehicle mirror in front of the traveling direction F, so that the driver does not feel glare. That is, even when the lighting device 11 is located behind the driver, uncomfortable glare is not caused to the driver through the side mirror or the rearview mirror of the driving vehicle.
[0073]
The second light shielding louver 21b prevents glare when viewed from the width direction of the second reflector mirror 19 disposed on the shoulder side.
[0074]
The second light shielding louver 21b is formed with a large pitch between the flat plates and irradiates light in the width direction. However, since the second light blocking louver 21b is composed of a plurality of parallel black flat plates, the angle of the light emitted in the width direction is the driving angle. Since it is below the person's line of sight, glare when viewed from the width direction can be prevented.
[0075]
The third light shielding louver 21c prevents glare when viewed from the traveling direction. The light in the direction of the main optical axis from the second light shielding louver 21b having a large pitch between the flat plates spreads, but is upward by the third third light shielding louver 21c having a depression angle with a plurality of parallel black flat plates. Since the light is blocked, glare can be prevented when viewed from the traveling direction.
[0076]
Here, since the illuminating device 11 is disposed at a position of 1 m or less from the road surface, the driver's line of sight is generally higher than the illuminating device 11. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 8A, the flat plate 22 of the light shielding louver 21 can be formed with a shorter length in the traveling direction from the upper part to the lower part. As shown in FIG. 8A, the angle formed by the driver's line of sight and the light shielding louver 21 is larger at the lower portion when the upper portion and the lower portion of the lighting device 11 are compared. The lower part is made shorter than the upper part of the illuminating device 11.
[0077]
Further, instead of making the length of the flat plate 22 of the light shielding louver 21 shorter than the upper portion of the lighting device 11, the pitch of the flat plates 22 of the light shielding louver 21 is changed to a lighting device as shown in FIG. It is also possible to make the lower part rougher than the upper part.
[0078]
As a result, the number of members can be reduced, and lower light can be emitted to the road surface without being blocked by the light blocking louver. Therefore, discomfort glare that occurs when the driver looks directly at the lighting device 11 from the width direction and the progress of the lighting device 11. Unpleasant glare that occurs through the side mirror and the rearview mirror can be prevented.
Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 9 is an explanatory view of a lighting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 9 (a) is a plan view, and FIG. 9 (b) is a side view. In the fourth embodiment, the upper surface of the flat plate constituting the light shielding louver 21 has an uneven shape and the lower surface has a specular reflection surface to prevent upward light emission and prevent glare. Is.
[0079]
The direct light from the light source 13 and the light reflected by the reflecting mirror 14 are emitted in the main optical axis direction. The main optical axis is emitted from the light transmitting portion 15 of the case 12 through the front glass 16 with an emission angle α (α = 10 ° to 30 °) with respect to the road traveling direction F, and a depression angle of O to 5 °.
[0080]
A first reflecting plate 18 is provided on the side surface of the case 12 where the light transmitting portion 15 is formed, and a second reflecting plate 19 is provided on the side surface of the opposite case 12. ing. A light shielding louver 21 is provided between the light source 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 in the case 12 and the light transmitting portion 15.
[0081]
In the fourth embodiment, the upper and lower surfaces of the flat plate 22 constituting the light shielding louver 21 have an uneven shape. FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a flat plate constituting the light shielding louver 21. 10 FIG. 2A is a side view of a flat plate without a conventional uneven shape, and FIG. 2B is a side view of the flat plate with an uneven shape on a saw blade. 10 (C) is a side view of a flat plate when an irregular response shape is given.
[0082]
As shown in FIGS. 10B and 10C, by making the upper surface of the flat plate 22 of the light shielding louver uneven, even light incident at an angle close to parallel to the flat plate 22 is microscopic. The angle of contact with the unevenness differs, and the reflectance becomes small. Further, since the angle of the light after reflection also changes, the reflected light hits another flat plate or is trapped in the unevenness and disappears.
Here, it is desirable that the concavo-convex slope has its ridge line oriented in a direction perpendicular to the light beam, and a light shielding effect cannot be obtained on a surface whose ridge line is parallel to the light beam. Therefore, in order to obtain the best light shielding effect, a large number of grooves having ridge lines perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror 14 are arranged.
[0083]
Normally, matte black paint is applied to the upper surface of the flat plate of the shading louver so that it does not reflect light. When is large, that is, when the light hits at an angle close to parallel, the regular reflectance may be large and may not sufficiently serve as a light shielding louver.
[0084]
In the fourth embodiment, even in such a case, the light can be blocked, so that the upward light can be reliably blocked by the light blocking louver, and unpleasant glare to the driver can be suppressed.
[0085]
Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of the positional relationship between the light source 13 and the reflecting mirror 14 of the illumination apparatus according to the fifth embodiment of the present invention. In the fifth embodiment, the focal point of the reflecting mirror is positioned closer to the opening than the center of the light source on the main optical axis, and the emission of light upward is suppressed to prevent the occurrence of glare. Is.
[0086]
Since the reflecting mirror 14 is formed of a parabolic rotating body or an elliptic rotating body having a large focal distance close thereto, when the light source 13 is located at the focal point, the light hitting the reflecting mirror 14 is parallel to the optical axis direction. Reflected at an angle close to. Actually, since the light source is not a point light source but has a size, as shown in FIG. 11A, the light source is not completely parallel but spreads up and down. This spread over the entire reflector Almost The same. Therefore, in order to cut upward light (2.5 ° or more) in order to prevent glare, the light shielding louver 21 must be disposed over the entire surface of the reflecting mirror 14.
[0087]
If it does so, it will cut even the emitted light below. The downward outgoing light does not generate glare, but rather is the outgoing light necessary to improve the uniformity, so cutting the outgoing outgoing light will impede the efficiency of the saw. .
[0088]
Therefore, in the fifth embodiment, the reflecting mirror 14 is decentered so that the focal point is positioned on the opening side on the main optical axis of the reflecting mirror 14 with respect to the center of the light source 13. Thereby, the light hitting the upper part of the reflecting mirror 14 is reflected upward from the optical axis, and the light hitting the lower side of the reflecting mirror 14 is reflected downward. The distance to be decentered is determined so as to substantially cancel the upward spread of the light due to the size of the light source 13 below the reflecting mirror 14. When 70W ceramic meta-harara (issue size φ8 × 11 mm) is used for the light source 13 and the opening of the reflecting mirror 14 is φ150 mm, the eccentric distance is about 2 to 3 mm.
[0089]
According to the fifth embodiment, since no light is emitted upward from the lower side of the reflecting mirror 14, the light shielding louver 21 is not required below the main optical axis. The light hitting the upper side of the reflecting mirror 14 is directed upward, but by setting the light shielding angle of the light shielding louver 21 appropriately, the upward light at an angle causing glare can be cut.
[0090]
Therefore, only the upward light at an angle that causes glare is cut and the downward light is not blocked, so that the irradiation efficiency is increased. In addition, by making the lower surface of the flat plate of the light shielding louver 21 a specular reflection surface, the light hitting the flat plate of the light shielding louver 21 can be reflected downward to further effectively use the light. Thus, glare to the driver of the car can be suppressed by suppressing the upward light flux of the lighting device without reducing the irradiation efficiency.
Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIGS. 12A and 12B are explanatory views of the lighting device 11 according to the sixth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 12A is a plan view and FIG. 12B is a side view of the main body mounting tool. In the sixth embodiment, the light source 13 and the case 12 can be finely adjusted and dimmed so that the aiming can be achieved, and the road surface according to the situation of the place where the lighting device 11 is installed. The uniformity and illuminance of the are kept appropriate.
[0091]
First, the brightness of the lighting device 11 is improved by arranging a plurality of light sources 13a and 13b. FIG. 12A shows a case where two light sources 13a and 13b are provided. The light sources 13a and 13b are provided with light source mounting devices 23a and 23b having adjustment determination screws that can adjust the mounting position for each angle inside the lighting device 11 so that independent aiming is possible. Thus, the aiming is changed by changing the positions of the light sources 13a and 13b in the case 12 of the illumination device 11.
[0092]
Similarly, the case 12 of the illuminating device 11 is provided with main body mounting tools 24a and 24b that can adjust the mounting angle, and the mounting angles of the main body mounting tools 24a and 24b are adjusted. FIG. 12B is a side view showing an example of the main body mounting tool 24. This main body attachment fixture fixes the attachment leg 25 and the base part 26 attached to the case 12 with the fastening screw 27. In this case, the angle can be changed in the direction of the arrow around the tightening screw 27, pins are inserted into the fixing holes 28 provided at a predetermined pitch to fix the angle, and the tightening screw 27 is tightened to be fixed.
[0093]
In the case where three light sources 13 are provided, for example, since the brightness is attenuated little in the front, the front is illuminated with one light source 13 and the distant is illuminated with two light sources 13. Further, the light shielding louver 21 can be configured to move in the same manner.
[0094]
According to the sixth embodiment, the brightness of the illuminating device 11 can be ensured without changing the optical system, and can be flexibly handled even if the mounting position is slightly shifted due to problems such as installation conditions. Further, even when it is installed on a road curve or the like, it can be handled by finely adjusting the aiming of the plurality of light sources 13.
[0095]
Since the plurality of light sources 13 are provided, for example, even if one lamp becomes inconspicuous, since one of the lights is lit, that portion does not become completely dark. At the same time, for example, in the case of aiming that illuminates the same position, dimming is possible without changing the color temperature if one of the lights is turned off during 50% dimming. In this case, if the light source for alternately dimming the light by receiving a signal every day is turned off, the life is doubled at the time of dimming, so that the life is extended and maintenance can be saved.
[0096]
【The invention's effect】
According to the first aspect of the present invention, glare felt by the driver of the automobile can be prevented, and the emitted light in the transverse direction of the road surface of the road can be secured, so that the uniformity can be improved.
[0097]
According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, since the emitted light in the transverse direction of the road surface can be made uniform, the uniformity of the road surface can be further improved.
[0098]
According to the third aspect of the present invention, the light shielding louver whose upper surface is the light absorption surface and whose lower surface is the specular reflection surface is provided to suppress the upper light, so that the light can be irradiated nearby while preventing glare.
[0099]
According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, since the upper light can be blocked by the light blocking louver, unpleasant glare to the driver of the automobile can be prevented.
[0100]
According to the invention of claim 5, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 3 or 4, downward light can be irradiated far, so that the road road surface uniformity can be improved.
[0101]
According to the invention of claim 6 and the invention of claim 7, the members can be reduced, and the lower light can be emitted to the road surface without being blocked by the light shielding louver.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a plan view of a lighting device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram of emitted light of the illumination device according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram when a split reflecting mirror is provided in the reflecting mirror according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
4A and 4B are explanatory diagrams of a lighting device according to a second embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a plan view and FIG. 4B is a side view.
5A and 5B are explanatory diagrams of a light shielding louver according to a second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5A is an explanatory diagram of a first light shielding louver, and FIG. 5B is an explanatory diagram of a second light shielding louver. Figure.
FIGS. 6A and 6B are explanatory diagrams of attachment of the second reflecting plate according to the second embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 6A is a plan view, FIG. 6B is a side view, and FIG. FIG. 4 is a relationship diagram with a second light shielding louver when the second reflecting plate is inclined.
7A and 7B are explanatory diagrams of a lighting device according to a third embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 7A is a plan view and FIG. 7B is a side view.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram of a flat plate of a light shielding louver according to a third embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 8 (a) is an explanatory diagram when the flat plate is shortened toward the bottom, and FIG. 8 (b) is a bottom diagram. Explanatory drawing when the space | interval of a flat plate is so rough that it is so.
FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of a lighting device according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a flat plate constituting a light shielding louver according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an explanatory diagram of an arrangement relationship between a light source and a reflecting mirror of a lighting device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIGS. 12A and 12B are explanatory views of a lighting device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 12A is a plan view, and FIG. 12B is a side view of a main body attachment device.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Illuminating device, 12 ... Case, 13 ... Light source, 14 ... Reflector, 15 ... Light transmission part, 16 ... Front glass, 17 ... Lighting circuit, 18 ... 1st reflector, 19 ... 2nd reflector, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 20 ... Split reflector, 21 ... Light-shielding louver, 22 ... Flat plate, 23 ... Light source attachment tool, 24 ... Body attachment tool, 25 ... Mounting leg, 26 ... Base part, 27 ... Fastening screw, 28 ... Fixing hole

Claims

An illuminating device main body having a side portion provided facing the road and a light transmitting portion provided on the side surface, which is installed at a position of a height of 1 m or less from the road surface at the shoulder of the road or the median strip;
At least one light source stored on the opposite side of the lighting device body in the road traveling direction;
A parabolic rotator is formed of an elliptic rotator, and reflects the light emitted from the light source so that the main optical axis is directed from the opening in the angle direction α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the road traveling direction. And a reflector of;
Provided on the inner surface on the side surface of the lighting device main body between the reflector opening and the light transmission part, and reflects the light that does not pass through the light transmission part among the direct light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflection mirror. A first reflector to be made;
Provided to the light transmitting unit from the reflecting mirror opening a face of the first reflector, it is disposed in the angular orientation of β (β = α-15 ° ) with respect to the main optical axis of the light source, the first A second reflecting plate for emitting reflected light reflected by the reflecting plate to the road surface through the light transmitting portion ;
An illumination device comprising:

In the reflecting mirror, a part of the opposite side of the road is in an angular range between the outgoing angle of the transmitted light of the light transmitting portion and the outgoing angle of the one-time reflected light of the second reflecting plate with respect to the traveling direction of the road The illumination apparatus according to claim 1, further comprising a reflecting mirror divided so as to irradiate light.

An illuminating device main body having a side portion provided facing the road and a light transmitting portion provided on the side surface, which is installed at a position of a height of 1 m or less from the road surface at the shoulder of the road or the median strip;
At least one light source stored on the opposite side of the lighting device body in the road traveling direction;
A parabolic rotator is formed of an elliptic rotator, and reflects the light emitted from the light source so that the main optical axis is directed from the opening in the angle direction α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the road traveling direction. And a reflector of;
Provided on the inner surface on the side surface of the lighting device main body between the reflector opening and the light transmission part, and reflects the light that does not pass through the light transmission part among the direct light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflection mirror. A first reflector to be made;
Provided to the light transmitting unit from the reflecting mirror opening a face of the first reflector, it is disposed in the angular orientation of β (β = α-15 ° ) with respect to the main optical axis of the light source, the first A second reflecting plate for emitting reflected light reflected by the reflecting plate to the road surface through the light transmitting portion ;
A light-shielding louver disposed between the reflecting mirror opening and the light transmitting portion, and configured by a plurality of flat plates parallel to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror and having an upper surface as a light absorbing surface and a lower surface as a specular reflecting surface. ;
An illumination device comprising:

An illuminating device main body having a side portion provided facing the road and a light transmitting portion provided on the side surface, which is installed at a position of a height of 1 m or less from the road surface at the shoulder of the road or the median strip;
At least one light source stored on the opposite side of the lighting device body in the road traveling direction;
A parabolic rotator is formed of an elliptic rotator, and reflects the light emitted from the light source so that the main optical axis is directed from the opening in the angle direction α (α = 15 ° to 25 °) with respect to the road traveling direction. And a reflector of;
Provided on the inner surface on the side surface of the lighting device main body between the reflector opening and the light transmission part, and reflects the light that does not pass through the light transmission part among the direct light from the light source and the reflected light from the reflection mirror. A first reflector to be made;
Provided to the light transmitting unit from the reflecting mirror opening a face of the first reflector, it is disposed in the angular orientation of β (β = α-15 ° ) with respect to the main optical axis of the light source, the first A second reflecting plate for emitting reflected light reflected by the reflecting plate to the road surface through the light transmitting portion ;
A plurality of flat plates disposed between the reflecting mirror opening and the light transmitting portion and having a concavo-convex shape having a ridge line parallel to the main optical axis of the reflecting mirror and having an upper surface substantially perpendicular to the optical axis of the reflecting mirror A shading louver comprised of;
An illumination device comprising:

The light shielding louver is divided into two parts, a first light shielding louver provided on the reflecting mirror side and a second light shielding louver provided on the light transmitting portion side, and the second light shielding louver is formed by the first light shielding louver. The pitch between the flat plates is large, and the second reflector is inclined at an angle of 1 ° to 5 ° with respect to the normal line of the light shielding louver in the vicinity of the center in the width direction, and in the other portions The lighting device according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the lighting device is perpendicular to the light shielding louver.

The length of the traveling direction of the flat plate of the first light shielding louver, the second light shielding louver, or the third light shielding louver decreases from the upper part to the lower part. The lighting device described.

The pitch between the flat plates of the first light shielding louver, the second light shielding louver, or the third light shielding louver is coarser from the upper part toward the lower part. Lighting equipment.