JP4090614B2 - Elevator drive unit speed reducer and drive unit - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an elevator used when a novel structure is adopted in which an elevator drive unit disposed in a space between an elevator hoistway wall and a gondola is constituted by a geared motor in which a motor and a speed reducer are integrated. The present invention relates to a drive unit reduction gear and an elevator drive unit using the reduction gear.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, attention has been paid to a technology that eliminates the need for a machine room on a building roof, which is indispensable for a rope-type elevator, by installing a thin drive unit in an elevator hoistway.
[0003]
As an example of the technique, one described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 2777340 is known. This uses a thin gearless motor (direct drive motor) as an elevator drive unit, and directly drives an elevator drive traction sheave (steel wheel) without using a gear reduction mechanism. .
[0004]
Since this type of gearless type drive unit does not have a complicated gear mechanism, it can be formed thin and can be installed in a narrow space between the hoistway wall and the gondola.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the method using this direct drive motor can be made thin, but it is very expensive, and since a large torque is directly generated by the motor, braking control is difficult and a robust disc brake device is required. Therefore, an expensive device was also required for the braking mechanism.
[0006]
The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and is more inexpensive and can be easily installed in a narrow space between a hoistway wall and a gondola as a thin shape. The problem is to provide a drive unit.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a reduction device for an elevator drive unit used when an elevator drive unit disposed in a space between an elevator hoistway wall and a gondola is constituted by a geared motor in which a motor and a reduction device are integrated. An input shaft that is rotationally driven by the motor, a first gear formed at a tip portion of the input shaft, a second gear meshing with the first gear, and the second gear And an intermediate shaft rotatably disposed perpendicular to the input shaft via a first bearing, a third gear incorporated in the intermediate shaft, and a fourth gear are incorporated. And an output shaft rotatably disposed in parallel to the intermediate shaft via a second bearing, and the third gear and the fourth gear, and the third gear rotates. An idle gear for transmitting to a fourth gear, at least the middle A first gear box that houses a shaft and a first bearing that rotatably supports the intermediate shaft, and a second gear that houses at least the output shaft and a second bearing that rotatably supports the output shaft. A step is provided on the outer shape such that the axial dimension of the output shaft of the second gear box is shorter than the axial dimension of the intermediate shaft of the first gear box. The above-described problem is solved by the fact that the recess on the outer shape formed by the step is an arrangement space for the traction sheave for elevator drive coupled to the output shaft.
[0008]
In order to solve the above problems, the inventors have fundamentally reviewed the driving method using a gearless motor, which has been the mainstream in the past, and replaced a geared motor in which a motor and a speed reducer are integrated in place of the above thin gearless motor. I examined whether it can be used. The reason is that the geared motor is inexpensive and the braking torque can be easily controlled because the generated torque of the motor is small.
[0009]
As a result of examination, attention has been paid to what is disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 2582189 as a geared motor most likely to be used for this type of application. FIG. 12 shows an example.
[0010]
The orthogonal gear reducer 2 used in this geared motor is formed integrally with the input shaft 8 integrated with the motor shaft 6 of the motor 4 and the input shaft 8 at the tip 10 of the input shaft 8. A hypoid pinion 12, a hypoid gear 14 that meshes with the hypoid pinion 12, an intermediate shaft 18 in which the hypoid gear 14 is incorporated, and is rotatably disposed perpendicularly to the input shaft 8 via a front stage bearing 16. The small gear 20 formed integrally with the intermediate shaft 18, the large gear 22 meshing with the small gear 20, and the large gear 22 are incorporated in parallel with the intermediate shaft 18 via the rear stage bearing 24. And an output shaft 26 that is rotatably supported.
[0011]
The gear box 30 that accommodates the speed reduction mechanism has a substantially hexahedral shape as a whole, and the length (thickness) of the output shaft 26 in the axial direction is substantially equal to the outer shape of the motor 4 in the same direction (size). ) Is set.
[0012]
However, in order to use the geared motor of FIG. 12 as an elevator drive unit, it is necessary to attach the traction sheave 40 to the output shaft 26. Therefore, the thickness of the drive unit increases by the thickness of the traction sheave 40. Therefore, as it is, it cannot be installed in the hoistway as a substitute for the above-described thin gearless motor.
[0013]
Therefore, the present inventors have difficulty in shortening the intermediate shaft having a function of making the input shaft orthogonal, in the axial direction of the output shaft, but shortening it in the axial direction around the output shaft. Focusing on the fact that it is possible, based on this knowledge, I grasped the gearbox with the concept of two gearboxes. In other words, a substantially hexahedral gear box, which has conventionally been simply regarded as a “single thing”, includes an intermediate shaft and a first gear box that houses a first bearing that rotatably supports the intermediate shaft, and an output. A second gear box that accommodates a shaft and a second bearing that rotatably supports the output shaft, and the axial length of the output shaft of the second gear box is the first gear box. A “step” on the outer shape is formed so as to be shorter than the length of the output shaft in the axial direction, and a recess formed by this step is used as an arrangement space for the traction sheave.
[0014]
Moreover, since it is not sufficient to accommodate the elevator drive traction sheave, an idle gear is intentionally interposed between the third gear on the intermediate shaft and the fourth gear on the output shaft. With the dimensional margin created by the intervening gears, the dimensions of the recess were expanded radially enough to accommodate the traction sheave.
[0015]
As a result, the traction sheave can be securely stored in the recess, and by doing so, the thickness of the elevator drive unit can be reduced, and there is a conventional combination of an inexpensive motor and a reduction gear. We succeeded in developing a new elevator drive unit that is thin and can be fully integrated into the narrow space between the hoistway wall and the gondola.
[0016]
In the present invention, the first gear box and the second gear box do not necessarily require that the accommodation spaces of the respective speed reduction mechanisms are completely separated. An intermediate shaft or a portion (first gear box) for housing the first shaft bearing and a portion (second gear box) for housing the output shaft and the second bearing for the output shaft It is only necessary to form a “step” on the outer shape in the axial direction of the output shaft, and the gear box itself may be integrally formed.
[0017]
The invention of claim 2 solves the above-mentioned problem by providing an arm for fixing to the guide rail of the elevator in the second gear box in claim 1.
[0018]
According to the present invention, since the reduction gear can be fixed to the guide rail of the elevator by the arm around the output shaft having the largest torque, the reaction force during output rotation can be stably taken by the guide rail. .
[0019]
The invention of claim 3 solves the above-mentioned problem by providing a mounting bracket for floor installation in at least the lower part of the second gear box in claim 1.
[0020]
According to the present invention, the speed reducer can be fixed to the lowermost floor surface of the elevator hoistway by the mounting bracket around the output shaft having the largest torque. Therefore, the reaction force at the time of output rotation can be taken in a stable state by the lowermost floor of the hoistway, and maintenance can be improved. For example, as in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Publication No. 2777340, when the drive unit is installed at the height of an elevator, there is a slight problem in maintenance. This is because if it is necessary to check the drive unit in a state where the drive unit is out of order or the power is stopped, the elevator cannot be used, so it is necessary to go up to a high place with all equipment. If the drive unit can be fixed to the lowermost floor surface of the elevator hoistway, maintenance can be performed on the ground, so convenience can be greatly improved.
[0021]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the motor is coupled to the input shaft of the reduction gear according to any one of the first to third aspects, and an traction sheave for driving the elevator is coupled to the output shaft of the reduction gear, and the sheave is The elevator drive unit is configured by arranging in the recess.
[0022]
Therefore, the elevator can be driven using a general-purpose motor that is inexpensive and easy to control, such as an induction motor.
[0023]
The motor mounting direction can be arbitrarily selected. For example, the motor is attached with its axis line oriented in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged (Claim 5), and the motor line is arranged in the direction in which the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged. It can be attached in a parallel direction (Claim 6).
[0024]
The invention of claim 7 solves the above-mentioned problem by attaching a brake and an encoder to the motor in any one of claims 4 to 6.
[0025]
When the traction sheave is driven by decelerating the rotation of the motor with a reduction gear, it is not necessary to use a motor that generates a large torque. Therefore, the brake control of an elevator can be easily performed by providing the motor with a brake that has been frequently used. Moreover, the drive control of an elevator is easily realizable by providing an encoder in a motor.
[0026]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0027]
1 to 5 show an embodiment of a drive unit 100 according to the present invention.
[0028]
The drive unit 100 according to this embodiment is mainly composed of a geared motor having a structure in which an orthogonal gear reducer (decelerator) 102 and a motor 104 are integrated. Further, the output unit of the orthogonal gear reducer 102 is used for driving an elevator. The traction sheave 40 is attached, and an arm 200 for fixing to the guide rail 300 of the elevator is provided above and below a rear gear box 154 (described later) in the gear box 150 of the orthogonal gear reducer 102.
[0029]
In the case of this configuration, the rotation of the motor 104 is decelerated by the orthogonal gear reducer 102 to drive the traction sheave 40, so there is no need to use a large torque motor, and a small induction motor or the like can be used. A known brake is attached to the motor 104 so that the brake control of the elevator can be easily performed. In addition, an encoder is attached to the motor 104 to facilitate the drive control of the elevator.
[0030]
As shown in FIG. 1 or FIG. 4, the orthogonal gear reducer 102, which forms the main part of the drive unit 100, has an intermediate shaft 118, an idle shaft 138, and an output shaft 126 arranged in a horizontal direction in this order with respect to the gear box 150. Gears 120, 132, 122 that are arranged in parallel with each other and are sequentially meshed are arranged on each axis (in FIG. 1, for convenience, the axis is indicated by the position of the center line, and the gear is indicated by the alternate long and short dash line). Have been). In this orthogonal gear reducer 102, the intermediate shaft 118 side is an input side, and a motor 104 as a drive source is attached to the input side.
[0031]
As shown in FIG. 5, the motor 104 is attached to the upper portion of the orthogonal gear reducer 102 on the intermediate shaft 118 side with the motor shaft 106 facing vertically downward, and the motor shaft 106 is connected to the orthogonal gear through the coupling 107. It is connected to the input shaft 108 of the speed reducer 102. A bevel pinion (first gear) 112 is formed integrally with the input shaft 108 at the tip of the input shaft 108. The bevel pinion 112 meshes with a bevel gear (second gear) 114. The bevel gear 114 is incorporated in the intermediate shaft 118.
[0032]
The bevel pinion 112 and the bevel gear 114 may be replaced with a hypoid pinion and a hypoid gear.
[0033]
The intermediate shaft 118 is rotatably arranged in a state orthogonal to the input shaft 108 via a first bearing 116, and a small gear (third gear) 120 is provided on the intermediate shaft 118.
[0034]
As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the idle shaft 138 and the output shaft 126 are arranged at the same height (height from the ground) H1 in parallel with the intermediate shaft 118 at an appropriate interval. The idle shaft 138 is fixed to the gear box 150, and the output shaft 126 is rotatably arranged via the second bearing 124. An idle gear 132 is rotatably incorporated on the idle shaft 138 via a bearing 134, and a large gear 122 is incorporated on the output shaft 126 so as to rotate integrally with the output shaft 126.
[0035]
The small gear 120 on the intermediate shaft 118, the idle gear 132 on the idle shaft 138, and the large gear 122 on the output shaft 126 are arranged in the same vertical plane, and the small gear 120 and the large gear 122 are Are meshed with each other via an idle gear 132 located in the middle of each other. These gears 120, 122, and 132 are formed of helical gears to reduce noise.
[0036]
The gear box 150 of the orthogonal gear reducer 102 includes a front gear box (first gear box) 152 and a rear gear box (second gear box) 154 formed integrally with the front gear box 152.
[0037]
The front gear box 152 accommodates the intermediate shaft 118 and the first bearing 116 that rotatably supports the intermediate shaft 118, and mainly includes the input shaft 108, the bevel pinion 112, the bevel gear 114, and the small gear 120. Covers and protects the elements on the front side of the speed reduction mechanism.
[0038]
On the other hand, the rear gear box 154 accommodates the output shaft 126 and the second bearing 124 that rotatably supports the output shaft 126, and mainly includes the large gear 122 and the output shaft 126, and the idle shaft 138 and the idle shaft 138. The elements on the rear stage side in the speed reduction mechanism including the periphery of the gear 132 are covered and protected.
[0039]
As apparent from FIGS. 3 and 4, the dimension G2 in the axial direction X of the output shaft 126 of the rear gear box 154 is G3 more than the dimension G1 in the same direction X (axial direction of the intermediate shaft) of the front gear box 152. It is set to be short and a “step D” is formed on the outer shape. The step D secures a recess S as an arrangement space for the tracking sheave 40, and the traction sheave 40 coupled to the output shaft 126 is accommodated in the recess S.
[0040]
Since the idle gear 132 is intentionally interposed between the small gear 120 on the intermediate shaft 118 and the large gear 122 on the output shaft 126, the dimension of the recess S is sufficient to accommodate the traction sheave 40. It has been expanded in the radial direction. In other words, the diameter of the idle gear 132 is determined according to the radius of the traction sheave to be accommodated.
[0041]
With this configuration, the traction sheave 40 is securely contained in the recess S, and the thickness dimension of the drive unit 100 with the traction sheave 40 attached can be reduced.
[0042]
As shown in FIG. 4, the output shaft take-out portion of the rear gear box 154 is provided with a boss portion 154a projecting toward the recess S to accommodate one of the second bearings 124. Since the protruding boss portion 154a is hidden in the cavity 40b on the inner peripheral side of the rim 40a of the tracking sheave 40, the traction sheave 40 can be attached as close as possible to the outer wall of the rear gear box 154. Therefore, the protrusion of the boss portion 154a does not affect the substantial thickness dimension of the rear gear box 154. Thus, in the present invention, it is not particularly prohibited to form a partial protrusion (not to substantially interfere with the incorporation of the traction sheave) particularly in the rear gear box 154.
[0043]
When the drive unit 100 configured in this way is installed in an elevator, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a bracket 210 is used on a guide rail 300 erected vertically in the elevator hoistway. The arm 200 protruding up and down of the rear gear box 154 of the orthogonal gear reducer 102 is fixed.
[0044]
At the time of fixing, a bracket 210 having an arm extended toward the traction sheave 40 is attached to the upper and lower ends of the arm 200, and the bracket 210 is fastened to the guide rail 300 with a bolt. Thus, the drive unit 100 is compactly formed in the guide rail 300 in such a manner that the traction sheave 40 is sandwiched between the orthogonal gear reducer 102 and the guide rail 300 without interfering with the rope 400 wound around the traction sheave 40. Can be installed. In this case, since the arm 200 is arranged on a vertical line passing through the output shaft 126, the drive unit 100 can be attached with a good balance.
[0045]
Next, the operation of the drive unit 100 according to this embodiment will be described.
[0046]
By driving the motor 104, the rotation of the motor shaft 106 is transmitted to the input shaft 108 of the orthogonal gear reducer 102, and the bevel pinion 112 is connected to the bevel pinion 112 formed at the tip of the input shaft 108. It is transmitted to the meshing bevel gear 114. Here, the rotation shaft is bent by 90 °, and the first-stage deceleration is executed with a considerably large reduction ratio. The rotation of the bevel gear 114 is transmitted to the small gear 120 via the intermediate shaft 118 and further transmitted to the output shaft 126 via the small gear 120 → the idle gear 132 → the large gear 122. Therefore, the second-stage deceleration is executed, and as a result, the rotation of the motor shaft 106 is greatly decelerated by the substantially two-stage reduction mechanism sandwiching the idle gear 132 and is taken out from the output shaft 126.
[0047]
Next, another embodiment of the present invention will be described.
[0048]
In the drive unit 100 of the above-described embodiment, the case where the motor 104 is mounted vertically upward on the orthogonal gear reducer 102 has been shown, but the mounting direction of the motor 104 can be arbitrarily selected.
[0049]
In the drive unit 100B of the embodiment of FIG. 6, the motor 104 is attached in the horizontal direction. That is, the motor 104 is attached to the input side of the orthogonal gear reducer 102B with the axis line directed in the direction in which the intermediate shaft 118, idle shaft 138, and output shaft 126 are arranged. Accordingly, the direction of the input portion of the gear box 150B of the orthogonal gear reducer 102B is also set to be horizontal. Other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment.
[0050]
In the drive unit 100C according to the embodiment shown in FIG. 7, the motor 104 is attached vertically below the orthogonal gear reducer 102C. Therefore, the direction of the input portion of the gear box 150C of the orthogonal gear reducer 102C is also set downward accordingly. Other configurations are the same as those in the above embodiment.
[0051]
Thus, by preparing the drive units 100, 100B, and 100C in which the mounting directions of the motor 104 are different, it becomes possible to select the drive unit that is most suitable for the actual installation space.
[0052]
Further, in each of the above embodiments, the arms 200 are provided above and below the gear boxes of the orthogonal gear reducers 102, 102B, and 102C, and the drive units 100, 100B, and 100C are installed on the guide rails 300 of the elevator by the arms 200. Although the case where it did was shown, the method of installation is not limited to this.
[0053]
8 and 9 show an example of a drive unit 100D that can be installed on the floor.
[0054]
In this drive unit 100D, a mounting bracket 500 for floor installation is integrally provided below the gear box 150D of the orthogonal gear reducer 100D. This mounting bracket 500 is provided with a base 501 mounted on the installation floor surface and provided with bolt through holes 502. The mounting gear 500 is attached to the first gear box 152 so that the drive unit 100D can be stably installed on the floor surface. In a straddling manner, it is formed in a substantially bilaterally symmetric shape mainly around the output shaft 126 under the second gear box 154. Further, the height HD from the lower surface of the base 501 to the output shaft 126 is set larger than the radius of the traction sheave 40 so that the traction sheave 40 does not touch the floor surface.
[0055]
In order to drive the elevator using the drive unit 100D, as shown by a skeleton in FIG. 10, the balance weight 595 and the elevator box 596 are balanced via idler sheaves 591 to 594 that can receive a load.
[0056]
Other configurations are the same as those of the previous embodiment except that the motor with brake 104D is used as the motor, and thus the same components as those of the drive unit 100 shown in FIGS. The description is omitted.
[0057]
This drive unit 100D can be installed, for example, on the floor of a pit dug in the lowest part of the elevator hoistway. Then, by installing the drive unit 100D on the floor with the mounting bracket 500, all the vertical loads of the elevator can be concentrated on the pit portion. Also, when the drive unit is installed at the lowermost part, there is an advantage that maintenance is easier than when the drive unit is installed on the rooftop or guide rail.
[0058]
Needless to say, the layout of the motor 104D can be changed as shown in FIGS. An example is shown in FIG. Since the layout is the same as that of the previous embodiment except for the layout, the same or similar parts are denoted by the same reference numerals in the drawings, and redundant description is omitted.
[0059]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, it is not necessary to use an expensive thin gearless motor, which has been indispensable in the past, and the traction sheave is attached to the output shaft while having a configuration related to a combination of an inexpensive motor and a reduction gear. In addition, the elevator drive unit which can maintain a thin shape can be obtained. Therefore, it can be installed in a narrow space between the hoistway wall and the gondola instead of the conventional unit having a thin gearless motor as a core, and cost reduction and braking control can be facilitated.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view of an elevator drive unit according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view taken along the arrow II-II in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is a view taken along the III-III arrow in FIG. IV-IV arrow cross-sectional view [FIG. 5] Front view showing the essential part of FIG. 1 in cross-section [FIG. 6] Front view of an elevator drive unit according to another embodiment of the present invention [FIG. FIG. 8 is a front view of an elevator drive unit according to still another embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view taken along arrow IX-IX in FIG. 8 and 9 are skeleton diagrams showing the position of the elevator drive unit according to the present invention. FIG. 11 is a front view showing a modification of the elevator drive unit according to FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. Conventional reduction gears that have attracted attention as the most available reduction gears when configured Sectional view of the location EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
D ... Step S ... Recess 40 ... Traction sheave 100, 100B, 100C, 100D ... Drive unit 102, 102B, 102C, 102D ... Orthogonal gear reducer (reduction gear)
104, 104D ... Motor 106 ... Input shaft 112 ... Bevel pinion (first gear)
114 ... Bevel gear (second gear)
116: first bearing 118 ... intermediate shaft 120 ... small gear (third gear)
122 ... Large gear (fourth gear)
124 ... second bearing 126 ... output shaft 138 ... idle shaft 150, 150B, 150C, 150D ... gear box 152 ... previous gear box (first gear box)
154 ... latter gearbox (second gearbox)
200 ... Arm 300 ... Guide rail 500 ... Mounting bracket

Claims (7)

An elevator drive unit reduction gear used when an elevator drive unit disposed in a space between an elevator hoistway wall and a gondola is constituted by a geared motor in which a motor and a reduction gear are integrated,
An input shaft that is rotationally driven by the motor;
A first gear formed at the tip of the input shaft;
A second gear meshing with the first gear;
An intermediate shaft in which the second gear is incorporated and which is rotatably disposed perpendicular to the input shaft via a first bearing;
A third gear incorporated in the intermediate shaft;
An output shaft in which a fourth gear is incorporated and is rotatably arranged in parallel with the intermediate shaft via a second bearing;
An idler gear disposed between the third gear and the fourth gear to transmit the rotation of the third gear to the fourth gear;
A first gear box that houses at least the intermediate shaft and a first bearing that rotatably supports the intermediate shaft;
A second gear box that houses at least the output shaft and a second bearing that rotatably supports the output shaft;
A step is provided on the outer shape such that the axial dimension of the output shaft of the second gear box is shorter than the axial dimension of the intermediate shaft of the first gear box;
A reduction gear for an elevator drive unit, wherein a recess on the outer shape formed by the step is an arrangement space for an elevator drive traction sheave coupled to the output shaft. In claim 1,
The speed reduction device for an elevator drive unit, wherein an arm for fixing to the guide rail of the elevator is provided on the second gear box. In claim 1,
A reduction gear for an elevator drive unit, characterized in that a mounting bracket for floor installation is provided at least in a lower part of the second gear box. A motor is coupled to the input shaft of the reduction gear according to any one of claims 1 to 3, an elevator drive traction sheave is coupled to the output shaft, and the sheave is disposed in the recess. Elevator drive unit. The elevator drive unit according to claim 4, wherein the motor is mounted with its axis line oriented in a direction orthogonal to the direction in which the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged. 5. The elevator drive unit according to claim 4, wherein the motor is mounted with its axis oriented in a direction parallel to the direction in which the intermediate shaft and the output shaft are arranged. In any one of Claims 4-6,
An elevator drive unit, wherein a brake and an encoder are attached to the motor.

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