JP4091733B2 - Fire-resistant glass containing water-containing gel and method for preventing fire spread using the glass - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a fireproof glass containing water-containing gel used for preventing the spread of fire in an opening or a door of a building and a method for preventing the spread of fire using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when a building fire occurs, there is a need for a window member that has fire-proofing performance such as protection against flame propagation, barrier against smoke diffusion, and shielding against radiant heat, and also has transparency.
[0003]
In response to the above-described requirements, a glass using a meshed glass for a fire door is generally well known and widely used. However, the glass with a mesh has a drawback that the net is slightly inferior because of the net inside the glass plate, the heat insulation is low, and the fire resistance is not always sufficient.
[0004]
In order to eliminate these drawbacks, recently, in addition to meshed glass, building fireproof glass filled with foamed refractory material such as hydrous gel and water glass between two sheet glasses, or various heat-resistant glass sheets are built. Various types have been proposed and put into practical use, such as windows provided on the exterior walls, interior partitions, or door windows such as passageways.
[0005]
For example, in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-24063, in a fireproof pane in which two or more glass sheets are arranged in parallel to each other and the space in the glass sheet is filled with the gel, the gel is at least one acrylic acid derivative. And the gel is a liquid having a high evaporation heat, for example, 65 to 95% by weight of water, and a substance that is miscible with the gel and can form thermally insulating bubbles under heat rays, such as an alkali metal salt or 1 to 20% by weight of a soluble salt selected from the group consisting of ammonium salts is disclosed.
[0006]
For example, Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-286058 discloses a configuration in which water glass is enclosed between a pair of transparent heat-resistant crystallized glasses arranged in parallel with a predetermined interval.
[0007]
Furthermore, the present applicant discloses a fire-resistant glass containing a hydrogel in which a hydrogel is filled between two glass plates in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 5-63558.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Such a fire-resistant glass containing hydrous gel is composed of two sheets of glass, such as float glass or tempered glass on one side. It is known that the structure of the water-containing gel is changed to block flames, smoke, and radiant heat, and it is effective for ensuring safety in the room. The glass plate is cooled rapidly, and a temperature difference (temperature unevenness) may occur in the glass plate, which may cause thermal cracking and crushing. In order to ensure the safety of evacuees by prevention, the improvement of the performance of fire prevention glass has become an examination subject.
[0009]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors made heat-resistant tempered glass with a surface compressive stress of 150 MPa or more on the glass plate on the non-fire occurrence side of the water-containing gel-containing fireproof glass, and at the time of a fire in an adjacent area, such as an opening or a door of a building, In order to prevent the spread of fire, by preventing water cracking caused by firefighters extinguishing the fire, the non-fire-generating side plate glass is prevented from cracking rapidly, preventing glass fragments from being shattered by thermal cracking, and preventing the entry of flames. We found that it was possible to ensure the safety of evacuees and prevent the spread of fire.
[0010]
That is, the present invention is used for an opening or a door of a building in which the peripheral portions of two glass plates facing each other are held at a predetermined interval by a spacer, the periphery is sealed with a sealing material, and the interior space is filled with hydrous gel. In fire protection glass,
Among the glass plates, the glass plate on the outdoor side is made of tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 90 to 120 MPa. By the standard fire test method (ship A-60 grade fire prevention window test) based on 754, when the heat from the fire is radiated from the fire occurrence side, it is made to crack by heating, and the outdoor glass is cracked by heating. After falling, the structure of the filled water-containing gel changes and foams to block flame, smoke and radiant heat, and the indoor glass plate is crushed by water discharge as heat-resistant tempered glass with a surface compressive stress of 150 MPa or more. It is a fire-resistant glass containing a water-containing gel, characterized by having a glass that can withstand water discharge.
Alternatively, the present invention is used for an opening or a door of a building in which peripheral edges of two glass plates facing each other are held at a predetermined interval by a spacer, the periphery is sealed with a sealing material, and an internal space is filled with hydrous gel. One of the glass plates is a heat-resistant tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 150 MPa or more, and the other glass plate is a tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 90 to 120 MPa. By using the inner glass sheet, after the outdoor glass has been cracked and dropped due to high-temperature heating caused by an outdoor fire flame , the structure of the filled hydrogel changes and foams, blocking flame, smoke, and radiant heat. , water gate, characterized in that the interior side the one glass plate of the water discharge from the crushed tempered glass plate side was prevented from being disrupted by temperature differences within the glass sheet It enters a spread of fire prevention method using a fire protection glass.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Two glass plates are opposed to each other in parallel through a spacer, and a fire-resistant glass is formed by filling a water-containing gel into a sealed space formed by the two glass plates and the spacer. The spacer is provided with at least one hole for injecting the hydrogel.
[0012]
Surface was assumed fire occurs, that is, as the outdoor side glass plate, a transparent glass plate of mineral, colorless or colored, and the type or color, but the present invention is not particularly limited to the shape or the like, tempered glass Is used .
[0013]
The surface compressive stress of the tempered glass is 90 to 120 MPa.
[0014]
The non-fire-occurring side, that is, the indoor side glass plate, is also an inorganic transparent glass plate, and is not particularly limited in terms of colorlessness or coloring, and its type or color tone, shape, etc. It was set as the heat-resistant tempered glass which has performance.
[0015]
As the heat-resistant glass plate, three types of low expansion fire-resistant glass, heat-resistant crystallized glass, and heat-resistant tempered glass are generally well known. Of these, heat-resistant tempered glass is used in the present invention.
[0016]
The heat-resistant tempered glass has a surface compressive stress increased by a special heat treatment, and has a surface compressive stress greater than 90 to 120 MPa of a general tempered glass, and has a surface compressive stress of 150 MPa or more. Yes, more than 170 MPa is more preferable.
[0017]
The spacer and the glass plate are preferably bonded with a synthetic rubber-based water-impermeable and adhesive adhesive such as polyisobutylene, polyisobutylene-butyl, or butyl.
[0018]
In addition, silica, white carbon, titanium oxide, magnesium silicate, aluminum silicate, etc. are usually used as reinforcing fillers in adhesives, and unsaturated hydrocarbon resins, chroman resins, terpene resins, rosin derivatives, etc., are suitably used as tackifiers. Can be added.
[0019]
Even if the glassy plate is bent due to fluctuations in the external air pressure or expansion and contraction of the aqueous gel, the adhesive can hold it in a wide temperature range with adhesive force, and prevents the aqueous medium from escaping in the aqueous gel. And maintain stability over a long period of time.
[0020]
Further, the outer peripheral portion of the spacer is sealed with a similar synthetic rubber sealant, for example, a sealant such as silicone, polysulfide rubber, polyurethane, or polybutadiene-polystyrene rubber.
[0021]
A filler and other additives such as heat-resistant inorganic material powder can be appropriately mixed in the sealing material. Of course, the sealant has adhesiveness, but is an important component particularly for firmly holding the glass plate and the spacer and more completely blocking the outside of the aqueous gel.
[0022]
Water-containing gels are high in acrylic synthetic polymers such as sodium acrylate vinyl alcohol copolymer, saponified polyacrylonitrile polymer, and polyvinyl alcohol synthetic polymers such as polyvinyl alcohol crosslinked polymer. A water-absorbing polymer, water, and an inorganic material such as silica are appropriately blended. For example, water 40 to 70% by weight, acrylic high water-absorbing monomer 5 to 30% by weight such as sodium polyacrylate, silica It is a solution in which 15 to 40% by weight of an inorganic substance is mixed. The water-containing gel may be colored by mixing a water-soluble dye into a water-containing gel solution. The water-containing gel solution is filled in a sealed space formed by two glass plates and a spacer, and is cured by crosslinking with ultraviolet rays.
[0023]
Note that the glass plate and the hydrous gel may be appropriately changed in thickness and the like to have a plurality of layers.
[0024]
One glass plate surface may be provided with an ultraviolet reflecting film for reflecting ultraviolet rays. As the ultraviolet reflecting film, a metal oxide film or a metal film formed on a glass plate by a sputtering method, a CVD method, a sol-gel method, or the like. A film or the like, which may be provided on a transparent polymer film and adhered to a glass plate.
[0025]
【Example】
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
[0026]
Example 1 FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a water-containing gel-containing heat-insulating fire-resistant glass 1 produced according to the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a water-containing gel-containing heat-insulating fire-resistant glass of the present invention in a fire extinguishing state due to water discharge in a fire. 1 is a cross-sectional view.
[0027]
The tempered glass 3 having a vertical and horizontal side of 1,800 mm × 2,400 mm and a thickness of 5 mm and a heat-resistant tempered glass 2 having the same size and the same thickness are opposed to each other, and a distance of about 19 mm is used around the periphery. The U-shaped spacers 4 were provided and arranged at regular intervals, and bonded with a butyl primary sealant 6 to form a space.
[0028]
After sealing the outer periphery of the spacer 4 and the end surfaces of the glass plates 2 and 3 with a silicon-based secondary sealing material 7 leaving an injection hole (not shown), the hydrogel 5 is injected from the injection hole, and after deaeration is completed The injection hole was sealed with the same silicone material as the secondary sealing material 7 and the hydrogel 5 was cured using a 120 W ultraviolet lamp to obtain a fireproof glass 1 containing the hydrogel.
[0029]
The hydrogel 5 is composed of a solution in which 60% by weight of water, 15% by weight of an acrylic superabsorbent monomer such as sodium polyacrylate, and 25% by weight of an inorganic substance such as silica are mixed.
[0030]
In this manner, three fire-resistant glasses 1 containing water-containing gel were prepared, and the tempered glass 3 side was designated as the fire occurrence side, and the non-fire occurrence side was designated as the heat-resistant tempered glass 2. In the standard fire test method (ship A-60 class fireproof window test) based on 754, the heat generated by the flame 12 is radiated from the fire-generating side of the fire-resistant glass 1 containing hydrogel, and the glass plate 3 on the fire-generating side is heated. Although the heat-resistant tempered glass 2 on the non-fire occurrence side was not broken, the three test specimens satisfied the heating time of 60 minutes.
[0031]
Furthermore, after the end of the heating time, the fire-extinguishing water flow test was performed, and the heat-resistant tempered glass 2 on the non-fire occurrence side was not crushed after 200 seconds from the start of water discharge from the water discharge nozzle 13, and the test was started from the start of water discharge. We were able to pass the test standard that was able to withstand 0.65 minutes of water discharge per square meter per body.
[0032]
FIG. 2 shows a typical construction example of a general fireproof glass. For example, two setting blocks 9 are arranged between the lower sash frame and the fireglass lower side, and side edge portions on both sides of the fireglass. Between the sash frame and the sash frame, a ceramic fiber backup material 10 was disposed, and a flame retardant sealing material (silicone type) 11 was filled in the gap between the fireproof glass and the sash frame.
[0033]
Comparative Example 1 FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional water-containing gel-containing fireproof glass 1 ′.
[0034]
Float plate glass 3 ′ having a dimension of 1,800 mm × 2,400 mm in length and width and a thickness of 5 mm and tempered glass 2 ′ having the same dimension and thickness are opposed to each other, and an interval for holding a gap around the glass sheet 3 ′. 19 mm U-shaped spacers 4 were provided and arranged at regular intervals, and bonded with a butyl primary sealant 6 to form a space.
[0035]
In the same manner as in Example 1, after sealing the outer periphery of the spacer 4 and the end faces of the glass plates 2 ′ and 3 ′ with a silicon-based secondary sealant 7 leaving an injection hole portion (not shown), Water-containing gel 5 is injected, and after degassing is completed, the injection hole is sealed with the same silicone material as the secondary sealing material 7, and the water-containing gel 5 is cured using a 120 W ultraviolet lamp. Entered fireproof glass 1 '. The hydrogel 5 is composed of a mixed solution having the same configuration as in the first embodiment.
[0036]
In this way, three fire-resistant glasses 1 'containing water-containing gel were prepared, the float plate glass 3' side was designated as the fire occurrence side, and the non-fire occurrence side was designated as the tempered glass 2 '. In the standard fire test method (ship A-60 class fireproof window test) based on 754, the heat generated by the flame 12 is radiated from the fire-generating side of the fire-resistant glass 1 'containing the hydrogel, and the float glass 3' on the fire-generating side Fell due to thermal cracking by heating, but the tempered glass 2 'on the non-fire occurrence side was not broken, and all three test specimens satisfied a heating time of 60 minutes.
[0037]
However, after the end of the heating time, the fire extinguishing water flow test was performed, and after 20 seconds from the start of water discharge, the tempered glass 2 'on the non-fire occurrence side was crushed, and each square meter of test specimens from the start of water discharge The test standard specified to withstand water discharge of 0.65 minutes per unit was not satisfied and the test was rejected.
[0038]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, the glass plate on one side of the water-containing gel-containing fireproof glass is made of heat-resistant tempered glass having high heat-resistant strength, and the heat-resistant tempered glass is disposed on the indoor side, so that the outdoor glass is discharged by water discharge during an outdoor fire. Even if the temperature difference in the indoor glass plate becomes very high due to water discharge after dropping due to thermal cracking, the thermal cracking of the indoor glass plate is eliminated, and safety and fire resistance can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant glass containing a hydrogel according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a fire-resistant glass containing a water-containing gel of the present invention that has been put into a fire extinguisher state due to water discharge in a fire.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional water-containing gel-containing fireproof glass.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fireproof glass containing water-containing gel of the present invention 2 Heat-resistant tempered glass 3 Tempered glass 4 Spacer 5 Water-containing gel 6 Primary sealing material (butyl-based)
7 Secondary sealing material (silicone)
8 Sash frame 9 Setting block 10 Backup material 11 Flame retardant sealing material (silicone)
1 'conventional fire-resistant glass with hydrous gel 2' tempered glass 3 'float plate glass

Claims (2)

In the fireproof glass used for the opening and door of a building in which the periphery of the two glass plates facing each other is held with a spacer and the periphery is sealed with a sealing material, and the interior space is filled with hydrous gel,
Among the glass plates, the glass plate on the outdoor side is made of tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 90 to 120 MPa. By the standard fire test method (ship A-60 grade fire prevention window test) based on 754, when the heat from the fire is radiated from the fire occurrence side, it is made to crack by heating, and the outdoor glass is cracked by heating. After falling, the structure of the filled water-containing gel changes and foams to block flame, smoke and radiant heat, and the indoor glass plate is crushed by water discharge as heat-resistant tempered glass with a surface compressive stress of 150 MPa or more. Fire-resistant glass with water-containing gel, characterized in that it is made of glass that is resistant to water discharge. In the fireproof glass used for the opening or door of a building in which the peripheral portions of two opposing glass plates are held at a predetermined interval by a spacer and the periphery is sealed with a sealing material, and the interior space is filled with hydrous gel, One of the glass plates is a heat-resistant tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 150 MPa or more, the other glass plate is a tempered glass having a surface compressive stress of 90-120 MPa, and the heat-resistant tempered glass is an indoor plate glass. Due to high temperature heating by outdoor fire flame, the outdoor glass is cracked and dropped, and then the structure of the filled hydrogel is changed and foamed to block the flame, smoke and radiant heat, and crushed tempered glass plate extension with water-containing gel containing fire retardant glass, characterized in that the glass plate of the indoor side is prevented from breaking due to the temperature difference in the glass plate by drainage from the side Prevention method.

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