JP4092439B2 - Negative pressure particle bag for casting - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
[Industrial application fields]
The present invention relates to a negative pressure particle bag for molding and a molding method for producing a prosthetic orthosis for check that can be used immediately after molding.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Prosthetic limbs are conventionally manufactured by the following procedure.
(1) The patient's limb stump is cast with a cast plaster cast and a female mold is produced.
(2) Fill the female mold with gypsum and make a gypsum male mold.
(3) After correcting the gypsum male mold, make a checkered female mold from the gypsum male mold.
(4) Connect the check resin female mold to the prosthetic component to produce the check prosthesis.
(5) Have the subject wear a check prosthesis and try it out.
(6) Correct the prosthetic limb for checking by heat treatment, putty coating, cutting, etc., and eliminate the defects found in the trial use.
(7) If there is no defect in the trial, recreate the male mold from the check prosthesis and make the prosthesis.
[0003]
In particular, since many operations are required from casting to production of check prostheses, it cannot be used immediately after casting, and multiple trials and a long production period are required to obtain an appropriate fit. Yes. As for the brace, the same mold-making work is necessary, and the correction work is forced until an appropriate conformity is obtained.
Some CAD devices that mold the exact shape of the limb stump using optical or mechanical means in combination with a computer are also used, but they are cast in an unloaded state and cannot be used immediately. An appropriate shape considering the load applied during actual use cannot be obtained. (Bulletin of the Japanese Society of Prosthetics and Orthotics, 1999, Vol. 15 special issue, p.198-203)
[0004]
A leg prosthesis using a negative pressure particle bag is also known for early training immediately after amputation. However, because it uses a non-stretchable membrane material, a flat-shaped negative pressure particle bag is wrapped around the leg and then the prosthetic leg is worn. Not suitable for casting purposes to produce prosthetic legs. (The Journal of the international society for prosthetics and orthotics, 1983, Vol.7, No.2, p.91-95)
There is also a splint of negative pressure particle bag for emergency transport and emergency fixation, but the body shape is also fixed by using a non-stretchable membrane material and wrapping a flat negative pressure particle bag around the target site and fixing it with a belt Can not be cast properly, and is not suitable for use in prosthetic device manufacturing in terms of surface shape compatibility. (http://public.sakura-rubber.co.jp/fire/chapter06/6-03-01.htm)
[0005]
The negative pressure particle bag used in the molding apparatus for manufacturing the sitting position holding apparatus can be molded in conformity with the body shape because the membrane material is a highly stretchable rubber. However, since it is made of a highly stretchable membrane material, the bag has low rigidity when negative pressure is applied. Therefore, when used for casting applications for prosthetics and orthotics, the conformity at the time of dynamic load addition cannot be confirmed by immediate trial, and the conformity at the time of dynamic load addition is not guaranteed (The journal of the Japanese Academy of Prosthetists and Orthotists, June 2001, Vol.9, No.1, p.37-50)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the molding required for prosthetic limb orthosis production, the shape of the contact part with the body is finely adjusted in order to obtain appropriate suitability for the site to be molded. In this regard, in the conventional molding means, a great deal of work and time are required for fine adjustment of the contact portion shape. If the contact portion shape can be easily fine-tuned and appropriate adaptability is obtained, a prosthetic prosthesis for check that can be used for immediate trials is produced in a short time, and the burden on the subject is reduced.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention has been devised to meet such demands, and obtains a prosthetic prosthesis for check that can be used immediately by utilizing the fact that a predetermined shape is maintained when a bag filled with particles is vacuumed. For the purpose.
[0008]
In order to achieve the object, the negative pressure particle bag for molding according to the present invention is made of a bag outer membrane made of a low stretch elastic material and a high stretch elastic material, and its upper edge is folded back. A bag inner membrane that is in close contact with the upper edge of the outer membrane, an airbag disposed inside the bag outer membrane, and a shape-retaining particle filled in an inner cavity formed by the bag outer membrane and the bag inner membrane. And a shape suitable for the part to be molded is maintained by vacuum suction of the internal cavity filled with the shape-retaining particles.
[0009]
Insert the part to be molded with the bag inner membrane into the bag outer membrane, fill the shape-retaining particles between the bag outer membrane and the bag inner membrane, fold back the upper edge of the bag inner membrane and fold the bag outer membrane After inflating the airbag and pressing the negative pressure particle bag against the molding target site, vacuum suction between the bag outer membrane and the bag inner membrane is performed on the molding target site. The negative pressure particle bag is molded into a suitable shape.
[0010]
Embodiment
In the negative pressure particle bag 10 according to the present invention, the upper edge portion of the bag outer membrane 11 and the bag inner membrane 12 made of different materials having different elasticity are brought into close contact with each other (FIG. 1). The bag outer membrane 11 is made of a low-stretch elastic material such as an ethylene-acetic acid copolymer that can withstand the load during use of the molding apparatus in order to satisfy the demand for immediate trial as a prosthetic limb. A bag 13 is disposed on the inner side. The bag inner membrane 12 is made of a highly stretchable elastic material such as a thermoplastic elastomer so as to adapt to the shape of the body part to be molded.
[0011]
A cavity filled with the shape-retaining particles 14 is provided inside the negative pressure particle bag 10 by folding the end edge of the bag inner membrane 12 into close contact with the edge of the bag outer membrane 11. The shape-retaining particles 14 do not have any particular restrictions on the material and particle size, but have a particle size of 0.6 to 1.2 mm in order to give the negative pressure particle bag 10 the necessary strength and ensure a predetermined shape. Ceramic particles are preferred.
[0012]
A suction nozzle 20 facing the internal cavity of the negative pressure particle bag 10 is attached to the bag outer membrane 11. The suction nozzle 20 includes a backflow prevention valve 21 and is connected to a suction pump 22. The suction nozzle 20 passes through the bag outer membrane 11 and opens into the internal cavity of the negative pressure particle bag 10. A felt 15 is disposed in the vicinity of the opening of the suction nozzle 20 so that the bag inner membrane 12 is not drawn into the suction nozzle 20 during suction. The air nozzle 30 penetrates the bag outer membrane 11 and opens into the airbag 13. The air nozzle 30 is also provided with a backflow prevention valve 31, and the air nozzle 30 is connected to the air compressor 32.
The attachment positions of the suction nozzle 20 and the air nozzle 30 are not limited to those shown in FIG. 1, and a plurality of nozzles 20 and 30 may be attached to the bag outer membrane 11 and the airbag 13.
[0013]
The volume of the negative pressure particle bag 10 may be slightly reduced after the negative pressure is applied compared to before the negative pressure is applied, and a slight gap may be generated between the negative pressure device and the prosthetic device production target site. Therefore, if the shape-retaining particles 14 are insufficiently filled, the compatibility is lowered. The decrease in compatibility is solved by sending compressed air to the airbag 13 provided on the inner wall of the bag outer membrane 11 and increasing the filling rate of the shape-retaining particles 14 in the internal cavity of the negative pressure particle bag 10. Further, by adjusting the negative pressure applied to the negative pressure particle bag 10, the body shape pressure can be adjusted to suit the preference of the patient.
[0014]
During the molding and trial use, the bag inner membrane 12 (FIG. 2a) is mounted on the molding target site (FIG. 3), and then the molding target site with the bag inner membrane 12 mounted on the bag outer membrane 11 (FIG. 2b). The shape-retaining particles 14 are filled between the bag outer membrane 11 and the bag inner membrane 12. Next, the negative pressure particle bag 10 is formed by folding back the upper edge portion of the bag inner membrane 12 so as to be in close contact with the upper edge portion of the bag outer membrane 11.
Compressed air is sent from the air nozzle 30 to the airbag 13 so that the bag inner membrane 12 contacts the surface of the molding target site with an appropriate compressive force, and the airbag 13 is inflated. By adjusting the amount of compressed air, the filling rate of the shape-retaining particles 14 occupying the internal cavity of the negative pressure particle bag 10 is increased.
When the negative pressure particle bag 10 is filled with the shape-retaining particles 14 with an appropriate compressive force at the site to be molded, the suction pump 22 is driven, and the negative pressure particle bag 10 is vacuum-sucked to check the prosthetic limb. The negative pressure particle bag 10 is provided with rigidity necessary for trial use as a brace.
[0015]
The prosthetic device parts A and B are connected to the negative pressure particle bag 10 with increased rigidity to constitute a check prosthesis or a check device. The produced check prosthesis or check device is tested under load conditions, and the suitability of the check prosthesis or check device is tested. When appropriate suitability is not obtained and the patient feels uncomfortable during the trial, the backflow prevention valve 21 is opened to slightly increase the internal pressure of the negative pressure particle bag 10, and the negative pressure particle bag 10 is manually shaped. Make fine adjustments. Then, the negative pressure is again applied to the negative pressure particle bag 10 and used again.
When appropriate suitability is obtained, the part to be molded is removed from the negative pressure particle bag 10 and a male mold is formed using an impression material such as plaster. This prosthetic orthosis is produced from the molded male mold according to the conventional method.
[0016]
【Example】
A bag outer membrane 11 having a thickness of 2 mm was made of an ethylene-acetic acid copolymer (low stretch elastic material), and a bag inner membrane 12 having a thickness of 1 mm was made of a thermoplastic elastomer (high stretch elastic material). The inner cavity between the bag outer membrane 11 and the bag inner membrane 12 is filled with shape-retaining particles 14 having a particle size of 0.6 to 1.2 mm, and the upper edge of the bag inner membrane 12 is folded back to return the bag outer membrane 11. It was made to adhere to the upper edge part. As the shape-retaining particles 14, ceramic particles of 96.8% by mass of anti-fluorite, 3% by mass of bentonite, and 0.2% by mass of silicon carbide were used.
[0017]
The negative pressure particle bag 10 was formed into a plate shape, and the strength of the negative pressure particle bag 10 was measured by a three-point bending test while changing the applied negative pressure. As the applied negative pressure increases as shown in the measurement results of FIG. 4, the strength of the negative pressure particle bag 10 increases, and the strength (specifically, relatively rigid enough to withstand the immediate trial as a prosthetic device for checking). High level polypropylene prosthetic orthosis parts). Further, the strength of the negative pressure particle bag 10 was slightly reduced by adjusting the negative pressure until the shape of the negative pressure particle bag 10 could be finely adjusted manually. As a result, the work and time required to manufacture a prosthetic orthosis for checking having a contact portion shape that is highly compatible with the site to be molded was greatly reduced.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the negative pressure particle bag in which the bag inner membrane is detachably adhered to the bag outer membrane is filled with inorganic particles, and the negative pressure is applied to obtain the strength required for the prosthetic device for checking. . Since the inner membrane of the bag is made of a highly elastic elastic material, it has good compatibility with the limb stump of the patient, and shape retention is ensured by the outer membrane of the bag. Further, by adjusting the negative pressure applied to the negative pressure particle bag, the shape of the negative pressure particle bag can be finely adjusted manually, and the shape correction corresponding to the part to be molded is facilitated. The prosthetic prosthesis for check obtained in this way has a sufficient strength and has good compatibility with the site to be molded, so it can be used immediately, simplifying the time and process to produce this prosthetic limb. This burden is reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the internal structure of a negative pressure particle bag according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a bag inner membrane (a) and a bag outer membrane (b) of a negative pressure particle bag.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view of a molding method. FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the strength of the negative pressure particle bag and the applied negative pressure.
10: Negative pressure particle bag 11: Bag outer membrane 12: Bag inner membrane 13: Air bag 14: Particle for shape retention 15: Felt 20: Suction nozzle 21: Backflow prevention valve 22: Suction pump 30: Air nozzle 31: Backflow prevention valve 32: Air compressor A, B: Parts for prosthetic devices

Claims (1)

A bag inner membrane that is made of a highly elastic elastic material and is placed on a molding target part at the time of molding,
A bag outer membrane made of a low stretch elastic material and arranged to cover the outer side of the bag inner membrane;
An internal cavity existing between the bag inner membrane and the bag outer membrane;
A shape-retaining particle filled in the internal cavity;
An air supply nozzle that extends outside through the bag outer membrane, and has an airbag that is annularly arranged along the circumferential direction on the inner wall surface of the bag outer membrane;
A negative pressure particle bag for molding, wherein the internal cavity is vacuum-sucked and compressed air is supplied to the airbag to hold the inner membrane of the bag in a shape suitable for a site to be molded.

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