JP4094161B2 - Explosive combustion processing method and apparatus - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for burning explosives in dismantling of unnecessary weapons and the like, and more specifically, using a fluidized-bed combustion furnace for explosive combustion treatment, explosives diluted with water-containing powder and / or water. The present invention relates to a method and apparatus for burning an explosive without causing an explosion by supplying it into a furnace.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, explosives have been treated by deflagration or high-speed combustion. In this case, a method has been adopted in which a small amount of explosive is released to the atmosphere and ignited and burned by remote control. Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-253300 discloses that an opening is provided in a bullet, the bullet is immersed in a fluorocarbon liquid or a fluorocarbon polyether liquid, the liquid is heated, and the TNT explosive in the bullet is melted. A drug extraction method and apparatus are described in which the TNT gunpowder is collected and cooled and solidified. The invention described in the above publication is a technique in which TNT is heated and melted and extracted from the bullet, and is completely different from a technique in which explosives are burned with low pollution without causing an explosion.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The conventional explosive combustion process has the following problems.
(1) It cannot be processed safely and is dangerous.
Combustion powder is burned as it is, and the burning speed is high, and the reaction proceeds in a short time, so a high temperature or high pressure condition occurs, giving mechanical and thermal shock to people and objects, injury, burns, damage, deformation, alteration, etc. There is a danger of.
(2) Many pollutants are generated.
When explosives are burned as they are, the combustion rate is fast and the reaction proceeds in a short time, so that the combustion is incompletely completed and a large amount of unburned hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and soot are generated. Also, burning explosives containing nitrogen, such as nitro groups, azides, diazotides, etc., generate harmful nitrogen oxides. In addition, when an explosive containing sulfur such as black explosive is burned, harmful sulfur oxides are generated. In addition, when an explosive containing halogen such as chlorous acid, hypochlorous acid, or halogen azide is burned, hydrogen halide such as hydrogen chloride is generated. (3) Processing capacity is low.
The conventional explosive combustion processing method is a batch method, and cannot be operated continuously, and requires a sufficiently large space in consideration of the danger, so both the processing amount per unit time and the processing amount per unit area are low. .
[0004]
The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object of the present invention is to use a fluidized bed combustion furnace for the explosive combustion treatment and dilute with water-containing powder such as sand or / and water to form a slurry. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus capable of suppressing the rapid rise in temperature and pressure by supplying the explosive to the fluidized bed and safely burning the explosive without causing an explosion or the like.
Another object of the present invention is to supply air so as to lower the fluidized bed temperature for explosives containing nitrogen and to cause partial combustion (combustion in a reducing atmosphere) and recombustion with a free board. The generation of nitrogen oxides can be suppressed, and for explosives containing halogen, the fluidized bed temperature is lowered below the decomposition temperature of the salt, and the alkali metal or / and alkaline earth metal compound is formed in the fluidized bed. The hydrogen halide can be fixed as a salt by supplying directly or together with the explosive. For explosives containing sulfur, the fluidized bed temperature is set to limestone by making the inside of the fluidized bed an oxidizing atmosphere. By adjusting the temperature to be equal to or higher than the firing temperature and lower than the decomposition temperature of gypsum and burning the fluidized bed in an oxidizing atmosphere, supplying limestone, quicklime, etc. directly to the fluidized bed, or supplying together with explosives ,sulfur Product to is to provide a combustion method and apparatus for functionalizing provides low-pollution combustion explosive that can be fixed as gypsum.
Still another object of the present invention is to treat explosive as a fluid as a mixture with water and a powder such as sand, or as a mixture with water, and continuously supply the explosive to the fluidized bed. It is an object of the present invention to provide a method and apparatus that can safely burn, increase the processing speed, and reduce the area of the apparatus required for processing.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the explosive combustion method of the present invention is a fluidized bed combustion of a slurry-like explosive prepared by mixing a powder (powder) explosive with water and an inert powder and diluting it. It supplies to a furnace and is comprised so that it may carry out a low pollution combustion without an explosion (refer FIGS. 1-6).
In addition, the method of the present invention is characterized by supplying a water slurry of explosives, which is a mixture of powder (powder) explosive and water, to a fluidized bed combustion furnace to cause low pollution combustion without explosion. It is said.
In addition, when the explosive to be supplied is not powder, the method of the present invention can be applied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace by wet pulverizing and mixing the explosive with water and inert powder, or by wet pulverizing and mixing with water. It is characterized in that it is supplied and burned with low pollution without explosion (see FIG. 2).
Further, the method of the present invention is characterized in that explosive is mixed with water and inert powder or mixed with water and supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace for low pollution combustion without explosion. (See FIG. 3).
[0006]
In the above-described method of the present invention, an inert powder can be mixed with an aqueous slurry of explosive that is a mixture of explosive and water and supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace (see FIGS. 2 and 3). .
In the method of the present invention, water can be mixed with the mixture of explosive and inert powder and supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace (see FIGS. 2 and 3).
Further, in these methods of the present invention, when supplying an explosive containing nitrogen such as a nitro group, azide, diazotide or the like as a slurry mixture to a fluidized bed combustion furnace, the fluidized bed temperature is preferably 100 to 900 ° C, preferably Combustion gas is generated by partial combustion at 500 to 600 ° C., and the flammable gas is burned again in the freeboard together with denitration agents such as ammonia and cyan that are generated from nitrogen contained in the explosives. It is preferable to suppress the generation of objects (see FIG. 4).
[0007]
In these methods of the present invention, when an explosive containing halogen such as halogen azide and chlorate is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, the fluidized bed temperature is 100 to 600 ° C., desirably 500. Whether to supply powder containing at least one of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds such as quick lime, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, etc. Alternatively, it is preferable to fix hydrogen powder such as hydrogen chloride generated by combustion of explosive as a salt by mixing the powder with explosive in advance (see FIG. 5).
Moreover, in these methods of the present invention, when supplying an explosive containing sulfur such as black explosive as a slurry mixture to a fluidized bed combustion furnace, the fluidized bed temperature is set to 780 to 890 ° C. and completely burned, Sulfur oxidation such as sulfur dioxide generated by combustion of explosives by supplying quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and / or dolomite, or by mixing quick lime, limestone, slaked lime or / and dolomite with explosives in advance It is preferable to fix the object as gypsum (see FIG. 6).
[0008]
In these methods of the present invention, the types of explosives supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace include trinitrocellulose, trinitrobenzene, trinitrotoluene, trinitrophenol (yellow explosives), dinitronaphthalene, black explosives, and the like. .
In these methods of the present invention, sand, earth, mud, alumina balls, granular zeolite, and the like can be used as the inert powder mixed with the explosive.
[0009]
The combustion processing apparatus for explosives according to the present invention comprises a slurry storage means for storing a slurry-like explosive obtained by diluting a powder (powder) explosive with an inert powder containing water or water, and a slurry Two-stage combustion is possible with a slurry supply means for supplying slurry-like explosives from the storage means into the fluidized bed of a fluidized bed combustion furnace, and a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluid medium connected to the slurry supply means And a fluidized bed combustion furnace for low-pollution combustion of the supplied explosive without explosion (see FIGS. 1 and 4 to 6).
[0010]
In addition, the apparatus of the present invention includes an explosive as a processing raw material, an aqueous slurry of an explosive that is a mixture of an explosive and water, an explosive / powder / water slurry and an explosive that are a mixture of an explosive, water, and an inert powder. Raw material storage means for storing any of the mixture of powder and inert powder, and when the particle size of the explosive stored in the raw material storage means is large, the explosive from the raw material storage means is replaced with water and inert powder. A wet pulverization / mixing means connected to the water supply means and the inert powder supply means, and a gunpowder and explosive supplied from the raw material storage means to the wet pulverization / mixing means. Water slurry, mixture of explosives and inert powder, or inert powder supply means for mixing inert powder into explosives / powder / water slurry, and wet pulverization / mixing means from raw material storage means Supplied with gunpowder, gunpowder water slurry -Flow of fluidized bed combustion furnace with water supply means for mixing water into explosives / powder / water slurry or mixture of explosives and inert powder, and slurry explosive from wet pulverization / mixing means A slurry supply means for supplying into the bed, a fluidized bed formed of an inactive fluid medium connected to the slurry supply means, and a free board capable of two-stage combustion, the supplied explosive without explosion And a fluidized bed combustion furnace for low pollution combustion (see FIG. 2).
[0011]
In addition, the apparatus of the present invention includes an explosive as a processing raw material, an aqueous slurry of an explosive that is a mixture of an explosive and water, an explosive / powder / water slurry and an explosive that are a mixture of an explosive, water, and an inert powder. A raw material storage means for storing any one of a mixture of an inert powder and an inert powder, and a water supply means and an inert gas mixture for mixing at least one of water and inert powder into the explosive from the raw material storage means. The mixing means connected to the active powder supply means, the explosives supplied from the raw material storage means to the mixing means, the water slurry of explosives, the mixture of explosives and inert powder, or the explosives / powder / water slurry. Inactive powder supply means for mixing active powder, explosives supplied from raw material storage means to mixing means, water slurry of explosives, explosives / powder / water slurry or explosives and inert powder Water supply means for mixing water into the mixture, and Two-stage combustion is possible with a slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace, and a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluid medium connected to the slurry supply means It is characterized by including a fluidized bed combustion furnace provided with a free board for low-pollution combustion of the supplied explosive without explosion (see FIG. 3).
[0012]
In these apparatuses of the present invention, when the fluidized bed is a partially combusted fluidized bed and the explosive supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace contains nitrogen such as nitro group, azide, diazotide, etc., the fluidized bed is supplied to the fluidized bed. By adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas, the temperature of the fluidized bed is lowered to cause partial combustion of the explosive, and compounds such as ammonia and cyanogen generated from nitrogen contained in the explosive are used as a denitration agent, and are generated by partial combustion. The free board can be used as a two-stage combustion part / denitration part so that the generated combustible gas is burned again in the free board to suppress the generation of nitrogen oxides (see FIG. 4).
[0013]
In these devices of the present invention, the fluidized bed is a partial combustion fluidized bed, and an alkali supply means for supplying at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is connected to the fluidized bed, or A slurry supply means for supplying a slurry-like explosive in which at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is mixed is connected, and a fluidized medium discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the fluidized bed to supply it to the fluidized bed combustion furnace. When the explosive to be contained contains halogen such as halogen azide and chlorate, the fluidized bed temperature is lowered below the salt decomposition temperature by adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed, A small amount of alkali metal compounds and alkaline earth metal compounds such as quick lime, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate in the fluidized bed. By supplying a powder containing at least one of them, or by previously mixing the powder with an explosive, the hydrogen halide such as hydrogen chloride generated by the combustion of the explosive is fixed as a salt, and the generated salt (Calcium chloride or the like) can be discharged out of the system as entrained particles of combustion gas generated by burning from a fluid medium extraction tube or by a free board (see FIG. 5).
[0014]
In these apparatuses of the present invention, the fluidized bed is a combustion fluidized bed, and connected to the fluidized bed is a lime supply means for supplying quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite, or quicklime, limestone. A slurry supply means for supplying a slurry-like explosive mixed with at least one of slaked lime and dolomite is connected, a fluidized medium discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the fluidized bed, and the explosive supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace is black When containing sulfur such as explosives, the fluidized bed temperature is adjusted to be higher than the calcination temperature of limestone and lower than the decomposition temperature of gypsum by adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed. Supply at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite in the bed, or mix quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and / or dolomite with explosives in advance As a result, the sulfur oxides such as sulfur dioxide generated by the combustion of explosives are fixed as gypsum, and the generated gypsum is used as entrained particles of combustion gas generated by burning from a fluid medium extraction pipe or freeboard. It can be discharged out of the system (see FIG. 6).
[0015]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications.
FIG. 1 shows an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the slurry hopper 10 stores a slurry-like explosive diluted with an inert powder such as water and sand. In the present embodiment, for example, sand is used as the inert powder, but any kind of powder may be used as long as it is a powder that can prevent explosive concentration and high temperature. Examples of the inert powder other than sand include soil, mud, alumina balls, and granular zeolite. It is also possible to store the water slurry-like explosive, which is a mixture of explosive and water, in the slurry hopper 10 and use the water-slurry explosive for the processing described later.
[0016]
The slurry-like explosive stored in the slurry hopper 10 is quantitatively cut out by a slurry feeder 12 such as a pusher or a screw feeder and supplied to a fluidized bed 18 of a fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 through a slurry supply pipe 14. . The fluidized bed 18 is formed of an inert fluid medium such as sand (for example, silica sand), and the high-temperature combustion gas supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20 to the wind box 22 is ejected from the gas dispersion plate 24 to flow. Fluidization and preheating of the layer 18 takes place. In some cases, high-temperature or normal-temperature air is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20. And it is maintained at the combustion temperature of explosives with fuels, such as oil, gas, and pulverized coal, which are supplied from the fuel supply pipe 26. In addition to the perforated plate type, a cap type or the like can be used as the gas dispersing plate 24, and an air diffuser type gas dispersing device can also be used.
As will be described later, when two-stage combustion is necessary, the combustion of unburned carbon, combustible gas, or the like is performed in the freeboard 30 by the second-stage combustion air supplied from the secondary air supply pipe 28 to the freeboard 30. The combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion exhaust pipe 32. In FIG. 1, the illustration of the fluid medium extraction pipe is omitted.
[0017]
By supplying the mixture of explosives to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 as a mixed slurry of water and sand, it is not concentrated due to the presence of sand even if it is dried, and is not precipitated and concentrated due to the presence of sand even if it is retained. Even if it adheres to the surface of the sand by surface tension and is not concentrated, even if heated, it can be handled without raising the temperature to 100 ° C. or higher in the presence of water.
In addition, when explosives are burned in a fluidized bed, heat generated by the explosive combustion is absorbed by a fluid medium such as sand. In this case, the heat transfer coefficient of the particle surface in the fluidized bed is about 100 to 1000 times larger than the heat transfer coefficient of the particle surface placed in the air.
Further, the explosive is handled as a fluid as a mixture of water and sand and continuously supplied to the fluidized bed, so that the combustion process can always be performed without any time loss in preparation.
[0018]
In the present embodiment, the types of explosives supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 include trinitrocellulose, trinitrobenzene, trinitrotoluene, trinitrophenol (yellow explosive), dinitronaphthalene, black explosives, etc. The explosive is stored in the slurry hopper 10 as a mixture with water and inert powder such as sand, or a mixture with water, and supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 for combustion treatment. For example, the ignition temperature of trinitrotoluene is 230 ° C., and it is possible to avoid combustion outside the combustion chamber by preventing explosive concentration and high temperature during the handling of explosives.
[0019]
FIG. 2 shows an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 2, the raw material hopper 34 includes explosives only, explosives / powder that is a mixture of explosives in water slurry, which is a mixture of explosives and water, and inactive powders such as explosives, water, and sand. A mixture of body / water slurry or explosive and inert powder such as sand is stored.
For example, when only the explosive is stored in the raw material hopper 34 and the particle size of the explosive is large, the explosive in the raw material hopper 34 is pulverized and mixed with water from the water supply pipe 36 such as a wet ball mill. It is supplied to the machine 38 and wet pulverized. Inert powder such as sand cut out from the hopper 40 is mixed with the slurry-like explosive pulverized and mixed with water, and the slurry-like mixture is sent to a slurry feeder 12 such as a pusher or a screw feeder. In addition, inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40 can be supplied to the pulverizer / mixer 38 and mixed with explosive and water. In addition, a water slurry-like explosive that is a mixture of explosive and water may be sent to the slurry feeder 12 without supplying inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40.
[0020]
In addition, for example, when a water slurry-like explosive that is a mixture of explosives and water is stored in the raw material hopper 34 and the particle size of the water slurry-like explosive is large, the water slurry in the raw material hopper 34 The explosive powder is supplied to a pulverizer / mixer 38 such as a wet ball mill and wet pulverized. In this case, water may or may not be supplied. Inactive powder such as sand cut out from the hopper 40 is mixed with the pulverized water slurry-like explosive, and this slurry-like mixture is sent to a slurry feeder 12 such as a pusher or a screw feeder. In addition, inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40 can be supplied to the pulverizer / mixer 38 and mixed with the water slurry-like explosive. In some cases, the pulverized water slurry-like explosive is sent to the slurry feeder 12 without supplying inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40.
Further, for example, when the raw material hopper 34 stores a mixture of explosives and inert powder such as sand, or explosives / powder / water slurry, and inert powder such as explosives and sand. When the particle size of the mixture is large, the mixture or slurry of the explosive in the raw material hopper 34 and inert powder such as sand is mixed with water from the water supply pipe 36 and is pulverized and mixed with a wet ball mill or the like 38. To be wet pulverized. The slurry-like explosive pulverized and mixed with water is sent to a slurry feeder 12 such as a pusher or a screw feeder. In addition, when pulverizing explosives / powder / water slurry, water may not be supplied. In some cases, powder is supplied from the hopper 40.
[0021]
Then, a fixed amount of the slurry-like explosive is cut out by the slurry feeder 12 and supplied to the fluidized bed 18 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 through the slurry supply pipe 14. The fluidized bed 18 is formed of an inert fluid medium such as sand, and high-temperature combustion gas supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20 to the wind box 22 is ejected from the gas dispersion plate 24 to fluidize the fluidized bed 18. And preheating is performed. In some cases, high-temperature or normal-temperature air is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20. And it is maintained at the combustion temperature of explosives with fuels, such as oil, gas, and pulverized coal, which are supplied from the fuel supply pipe 26. In addition to the perforated plate type, a cap type or the like can be used as the gas dispersing plate 24, and an air diffuser type gas dispersing device can also be used.
As will be described later, when two-stage combustion is necessary, the combustion of unburned carbon, combustible gas, or the like is performed in the freeboard 30 by the second-stage combustion air supplied from the secondary air supply pipe 28 to the freeboard 30. The combustion exhaust gas is discharged from the combustion exhaust pipe 32. In FIG. 2, the fluid medium extraction pipe is not shown.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.
[0022]
FIG. 3 shows an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 3, the raw material hopper 34 includes only powdered explosives, water slurry-like explosives that are a mixture of powdered explosives and water, and powdery explosives and inert powders such as water and sand. A mixture of explosives / powder / water slurry, which is a mixture with the body, or a powdery explosive and an inert powder such as sand is stored.
For example, when only the explosive is stored in the raw material hopper 34, the explosive in the raw material hopper 34 is combined with water from the water supply pipe 36 and inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40, as a ribbon type mixer. The mixture is supplied to and mixed with a mixer 42 such as a rotary kiln or a V-type mixer, and becomes a slurry-like explosive and is sent to the slurry supplier 12. In addition, without supplying inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40, a water slurry-like explosive that is a mixture of explosive and water may be sent to the slurry feeder 12.
[0023]
In addition, for example, when a water slurry-like explosive that is a mixture of explosive and water is stored in the raw material hopper 34, the water slurry-like explosive in the raw material hopper 34 is inactive such as sand from the hopper 40. Along with the fine powder, it is supplied to the mixer 42 and mixed to form a slurry-like mixture, which is sent to the slurry supplier 12. In addition, without supplying inert powder such as sand from the hopper 40, the water slurry-like explosive may be sent to the slurry feeder 12 as it is. In this case, water may be supplied or not supplied.
Further, for example, in the case where a mixture of explosives and inert powder such as sand, or explosives / powder / water slurry is stored in the raw material hopper 34, the explosives and sand in the raw material hopper 34 are inactive. A mixture or slurry with a fine powder is supplied to and mixed with the water from the water supply pipe 36 to the mixer 42, becomes a slurry-like explosive, and is sent to the slurry supplier 12. In some cases, water is not supplied to the explosive / powder / water slurry. In some cases, powder is supplied.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.
[0024]
FIG. 4 shows an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a combustion treatment method in the case where the explosive to be supplied contains nitrogen such as a nitro group, an azide, or a diazotide.
As shown in FIG. 4, the slurry hopper 10 stores an inert powder such as water and sand or a slurry-like explosive diluted with water. The slurry-like explosives stored in the slurry hopper 10 are quantitatively cut out by the slurry feeder 12 and supplied to the fluidized bed 18 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 through the slurry supply pipe 14. The fluidized bed 18 is formed of an inert fluid medium such as sand, and high-temperature combustion gas supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20 to the wind box 22 is ejected from the gas dispersion plate 24 to fluidize the fluidized bed 18. And preheating is performed. In some cases, high-temperature or normal-temperature air is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20.
[0025]
Then, the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel supply pipe 26 and / or the amount of gas supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20 is adjusted, so that the temperature of the fluidized bed 18 is 100 to 900 ° C., preferably 500 to 600 ° C. And partially burn the gunpowder. Thus, since the fluidized bed temperature is low, the explosive does not burn completely, but combustible gas is generated and flows to the free board 30. Nitrogen contained in the explosive as a nitro group, azide, diazotide, etc. does not become a nitrogen oxide because of its low fluidized bed temperature, but becomes ammonia, cyan, and the like. Ammonia, cyan, and the like generated have a nitrogen oxide suppressing action as a reducing agent. Using this ammonia, cyan, etc. as a denitration agent, the generated combustible gas, unburned carbon, etc. are discharged from the secondary air supply pipe 28. By the two-stage combustion air supplied to the free board 30, it is burned again in the free board 30. Thus, since the free board 30 has a function as the two-stage combustion section / denitration section 44, generation of nitrogen oxides in the combustion exhaust gas is greatly reduced. Note that nitrogen oxides are reduced to nitrogen gas and water by ammonia, and nitrogen oxides are reduced to nitrogen gas and carbon dioxide by cyanide.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment. It is of course possible to apply the method of this embodiment to the configurations described in the second and third embodiments.
[0026]
FIG. 5 shows an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a combustion treatment method in the case where the explosive to be supplied contains halogen such as halogen azide and chlorate.
As shown in FIG. 5, the slurry hopper 10 stores an inert powder such as water and sand or a slurry-like explosive diluted with water. The slurry-like explosive stored in the slurry hopper 10 is quantitatively cut out by the slurry feeder 12 and supplied to the fluidized bed 46 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 through the slurry supply pipe 14. The fluidized bed 46 is formed of a fluidized medium composed of an inert powder such as sand, a powder for fixing a halogen, which will be described later, and a salt, and is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20 to the wind box 22. The high-temperature combustion gas is ejected from the gas dispersion plate 24, and the fluidized bed 46 is fluidized and preheated. In some cases, high-temperature or normal-temperature air is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20.
[0027]
Then, by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel supply pipe 26 and / or the amount of gas supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20, the temperature of the fluidized bed 46 is set to a low temperature below the salt decomposition temperature, that is, The explosive is burned at 100 to 600 ° C., preferably 500 to 600 ° C. At this time, powder containing alkali metal compound or alkaline earth metal compound such as quick lime, potassium oxide, sodium oxide, sodium hydrogen carbonate, potassium hydrogen carbonate is supplied into the fluidized bed 46 from the alkali supply pipe 48, or By mixing the powder with explosives in advance, hydrogen halide such as hydrogen chloride generated by the combustion of explosives is fixed as a salt (calcium chloride or the like).
Also, carbon (unburned carbon) and combustible gas scattered without being combusted by the second-stage combustion air supplied from the secondary air supply pipe 28 to the free board 30 are combusted by the free board 30 and the combustion exhaust gas. Become.
The salt produced by the reaction of the alkali metal compound or alkaline earth metal compound and hydrogen halide is extracted from the fluid medium extraction pipe 50 or discharged from the combustion exhaust pipe 32 as entrained particles of the combustion exhaust gas. Is done. As described above, the alkali metal compound or the alkaline earth metal compound reacts with the generated hydrogen halide in the fluidized bed to form a salt, so that the hydrogen halide is not discharged from the fluidized bed.
Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment. It is of course possible to apply the method of this embodiment to the configurations described in the second and third embodiments.
[0028]
FIG. 6 shows an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The present embodiment is a combustion treatment method in the case where sulfur such as black powder is contained in the supplied powder.
As shown in FIG. 6, the slurry hopper 10 stores an inert powder such as water and sand or a slurry-like explosive diluted with water. The slurry-like explosive stored in the slurry hopper 10 is quantitatively cut out by the slurry feeder 12 and supplied to the fluidized bed 52 of the fluidized bed combustion furnace 16 through the slurry supply pipe 14. The fluidized bed 52 is formed of a fluid medium composed of an inert powder such as sand, quicklime that fixes sulfur, and gypsum that fixes sulfur, and is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20 to the wind box 22. The high-temperature combustion gas is ejected from the gas dispersion plate 24, and the fluidized bed 52 is fluidized and preheated. In some cases, high-temperature or normal-temperature air is supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20.
[0029]
Then, by adjusting the amount of fuel supplied from the fuel supply pipe 26 and / or the amount of gas supplied from the primary air supply pipe 20, the temperature of the fluidized bed 52 is set to be equal to or higher than the calcination temperature (decomposition temperature) of limestone. The explosive is completely burned in an oxidizing atmosphere at a temperature lower than the decomposition temperature of gypsum, that is, 780 to 890 ° C. At this time, by supplying at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite from the lime supply pipe 54 into the fluidized bed 52, or by previously mixing these with explosives, the dioxide generated by combustion of the explosives. Immobilize sulfur oxides such as sulfur as gypsum.
Also, carbon (unburned carbon) and combustible gas scattered without being combusted by the second-stage combustion air supplied from the secondary air supply pipe 28 to the free board 30 are combusted by the free board 30 and the combustion exhaust gas. Become.
Gypsum generated by supplying quicklime, limestone, or the like is extracted from the fluid medium extraction pipe 50 or discharged out of the system from the combustion exhaust pipe 32 as accompanying particles of the combustion exhaust gas. In this way, quicklime, limestone, and slaked lime supply cause quicklime to stay in the fluidized bed, and sulfur dioxide and the like react with oxygen and quicklime in an oxidizing atmosphere to form gypsum. Oxides are no longer discharged from the fluidized bed. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment. It is of course possible to apply the method of this embodiment to the configurations described in the second and third embodiments.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
Since this invention is comprised as mentioned above, there exist the following effects.
(1) Using a fluidized bed combustor for the explosive combustion process, supplying the fluidized bed with powders such as sand containing moisture or / and slurrying by diluting with water, the temperature and pressure are rapidly increased. Therefore, explosives can be safely burned without an explosion or the like. That is, in handling of explosives, it is possible to prevent the explosives from being concentrated and heated, and to prevent combustion outside the combustion chamber. In addition, by burning powdered explosives with a fast heat transfer rate in the fluidized bed, the temperature of the explosives is not increased, and the reaction rate is reduced and burned. It can be burned safely.
(2) For explosives containing nitrogen, reduce the fluidized bed temperature, generate partial reduction and generate a reducing agent for denitration, and supply air so that it is recombusted on the freeboard. Can be suppressed. In addition, for explosives containing halogen, the fluidized bed temperature is lowered below the salt decomposition temperature, and an alkali metal and / or alkaline earth metal compound is supplied directly to the fluidized bed or supplied together with the explosive. Thus, the hydrogen halide can be immobilized as a salt. Also, for explosives containing sulfur, the fluidized bed temperature is adjusted to be equal to or higher than the calcination temperature of limestone and lower than the decomposition temperature of gypsum, and the fluidized bed is burned in an oxidizing atmosphere. Sulfur oxide can be fixed as gypsum by supplying slaked lime, dolomite or the like directly or together with explosives. Thus, by reducing nitrogen oxides, neutralizing hydrogen halides, and gypsumizing sulfur oxides, it is possible to decompose or fix pollutants and suppress their emissions.
(3) Since explosives are treated as a fluid as a mixture with water and powders such as sand, or as a mixture with water and continuously supplied to a fluidized bed, explosives are continuously burned safely. While increasing a processing speed, the area of the apparatus required for processing can be reduced, and the explosive processing capacity can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a systematic schematic configuration diagram showing an apparatus for carrying out an explosive combustion processing method according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
10 Slurry hopper
12 Slurry feeder
14 Slurry supply pipe
16 Fluidized bed combustion furnace
18, 46, 52 Fluidized bed
20 Primary air supply pipe
22 Wind box
24 Gas dispersion plate
26 Fuel supply pipe
28 Secondary air supply pipe
30 Free board
32 Combustion exhaust gas pipe
34 Raw material hopper
36 Water supply pipe
38 Crushing and mixing machine
40 hoppers
42 Mixer
44 Two-stage combustion section and denitration section
48 Alkaline supply pipe
50 Fluid medium extraction pipe
54 Lime supply pipe

Claims (18)

This is a method for treating explosives in which powdered explosives are mixed with water and inert powder to dilute slurry to supply them to a fluidized bed combustion furnace and burn with low pollution without causing explosions. Then, the explosive containing halogen is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture and partially combusted at a fluidized bed temperature of 100 to 600 ° C., and at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is contained in the fluidized bed. A method for combustion of explosives characterized in that hydrogen halide generated by the combustion of explosives is fixed as a salt by supplying the powder containing or by previously mixing the powder with explosives . An explosive combustion process for supplying a slurry of explosive water, which is a mixture of powdered explosive and water, to a fluidized bed combustion furnace and burning it with low pollution without causing an explosion. Supply to a fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, partially burnt at a fluidized bed temperature of 100 to 600 ° C., and supply powder containing at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound in the fluidized bed Or a powder processing method for explosives characterized by immobilizing hydrogen halide generated by combustion of explosives as a salt by mixing the powder with explosives in advance . A method for burning explosives that is wet-pulverized and mixed with water and inert powder, or is wet-pulverized and mixed with water, supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace, and burns with low pollution without explosion. The powder containing halogen is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, and the fluidized bed temperature is set to 100 to 600 ° C. to partially burn, and the alkali metal compound and the alkaline earth metal compound are contained in the fluidized bed. Combustion of explosives characterized in that hydrogen halide generated by combustion of explosives is fixed as a salt by supplying powder containing at least one of them or mixing the powder with explosives in advance. Processing method. A method for combustion of explosives that mixes explosives with water and inert powder, or mixes with water and supplies them to a fluidized bed combustion furnace to burn them with low pollution without causing explosions. A powder containing at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, partially burned at a fluidized bed temperature of 100 to 600 ° C. An explosive combustion treatment method comprising fixing a hydrogen halide generated by combustion of an explosive as a salt by supplying a body or previously mixing the powder with the explosive. This is a method for treating explosives in which powdered explosives are mixed with water and inert powder to dilute slurry to supply them to a fluidized bed combustion furnace and burn with low pollution without causing explosions. Then, an explosive containing sulfur is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, and the fluidized bed temperature is set to 780 to 890 ° C. to complete combustion, and at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime, and dolomite is contained in the fluidized bed. Supplying or preliminarily mixing quick lime, limestone, slaked lime or / and dolomite with explosive to fix sulfur oxide generated by burning explosive as gypsum, . An explosive combustion method for supplying a slurry of explosive powder, which is a mixture of powdered explosive and water, to a fluidized bed combustion furnace and burning it with low pollution without causing an explosion. Supply to a fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, complete combustion with a fluidized bed temperature of 780 to 890 ° C., and supply at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite into the fluidized bed, or quick lime in advance An explosive combustion treatment method comprising fixing limestone, slaked lime, and / or dolomite with explosive to fix sulfur oxide generated by the explosive combustion as gypsum. A method for burning explosives that is wet-pulverized and mixed with water and inert powder, or is wet-pulverized and mixed with water, supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace, and burns with low pollution without explosion. Then, the explosive containing sulfur is supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace as a slurry mixture, and the fluidized bed temperature is set to 780 to 890 ° C. to complete combustion, and at least any of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime, and dolomite in the fluidized bed. Combustion of explosives characterized by immobilizing sulfur oxide generated by combustion of explosives as gypsum by supplying quick lime, limestone, slaked lime or / and dolomite with explosives in advance Processing method. A method for combustion of explosives that mixes explosives with water and inert powder, or mixes with water and supplies them to a fluidized-bed combustion furnace to burn them with low pollution without explosion, Supplying the explosive containing as a slurry mixture to the fluidized bed combustion furnace, making the fluidized bed temperature 780 to 890 ° C. and completely combusting, supplying at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite in the fluidized bed, Or the combustion processing method of the explosive characterized by fixing the sulfur oxide generated by combustion of explosive as gypsum by mixing quick lime, limestone, slaked lime or / and dolomite with explosive beforehand. 6. The method for burning explosives according to claim 1 or 5 , wherein an inert powder is mixed with an aqueous slurry of explosive which is a mixture of explosive and water and supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace. The method for burning explosives according to claim 1 or 5 , wherein water is mixed with a mixture of explosives and inert powder and supplied to a fluidized bed combustion furnace . Explosives supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace, trinitro cellulose, trinitrobenzene, combustion treatment of explosive according to any of trinitrotoluene, trinitrophenol, claim 1-10 is at least one of dinitro naphthalene and black powder Method. As an inactive powder, sand, dirt, mud, combustion treatment method explosive according to any one of claims 1 to 11, using at least one of alumina balls and particulate zeolite. Slurry storing means for storing a slurry-like explosive obtained by diluting a powdered explosive with an inert powder containing water or water;
Slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the slurry storage means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace;
Fluidized bed combustion for low-pollution combustion of supplied gunpowder without explosion, comprising a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluidized medium connected to a slurry supply means and a freeboard capable of two-stage combustion An explosive combustion treatment apparatus including a furnace ,
The fluidized bed is a partially combusted fluidized bed, and an alkali supply means for supplying at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is connected to the fluidized bed, or an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound are connected. When a slurry supply means for supplying a slurry-like explosive mixed with at least one is connected, a fluidized medium discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the fluidized bed, and the explosive supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace contains halogen, By adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed temperature is lowered below the salt decomposition temperature, and the fluidized bed contains at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound. By supplying the powder or mixing the powder with the explosive in advance, the hydrogen halide generated by the combustion of the explosive is fixed as a salt, Salt from the fluidized medium discharge pipe, or freeboard combustion to a combustion apparatus of explosive, characterized in that so as to discharge out of the system as entrained particles of the generated combustion gas. Explosives that are raw materials for treatment, water slurry of gunpowder that is a mixture of gunpowder and water, gunpowder / powder / water slurry that is a mixture of gunpowder / water / inert powder, and gunpowder / inert powder. Raw material storage means for storing any of the mixture;
Water supply means and inert powder for wet pulverization and mixing of explosives from raw material storage means with at least one of water and inert powder when the particle size of the explosive stored in the raw material storage means is large Wet pulverization / mixing means connected to the supply means;
Gunpowder supplied from raw material storage means to wet pulverization / mixing means, water slurry of gunpowder, mixture of gunpowder and inert powder or non-powder for mixing inert powder in gunpowder / powder / water slurry Active powder supply means;
A water supply means for mixing water into the explosives supplied from the raw material storage means to the wet pulverization / mixing means, water slurry of explosives, explosives / powder / water slurry or a mixture of explosives and inert powder;
Slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the wet pulverization / mixing means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace;
Fluidized bed combustion for low-pollution combustion of supplied gunpowder without explosion, comprising a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluidized medium connected to a slurry supply means and a freeboard capable of two-stage combustion An explosive combustion treatment apparatus including a furnace ,
The fluidized bed is a partially combusted fluidized bed, and an alkali supply means for supplying at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is connected to the fluidized bed, or an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound are connected. When a slurry supply means for supplying a slurry-like explosive mixed with at least one is connected, a fluidized medium discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the fluidized bed, and the explosive supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace contains halogen, By adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed temperature is lowered below the salt decomposition temperature, and the fluidized bed contains at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound. By supplying the powder or mixing the powder with the explosive in advance, the hydrogen halide generated by the combustion of the explosive is fixed as a salt, Salt from the fluidized medium discharge pipe, or freeboard combustion to a combustion apparatus of explosive, characterized in that so as to discharge out of the system as entrained particles of the generated combustion gas. Explosives that are raw materials for treatment, water slurry of gunpowder that is a mixture of gunpowder and water, gunpowder / powder / water slurry that is a mixture of gunpowder / water / inert powder, and gunpowder / inert powder. Raw material storage means for storing any of the mixture;
Mixing means connected to the water supply means and the inert powder supply means for mixing at least one of water and inert powder with the explosive from the raw material storage means;
Gunpowder supplied from the raw material storage means to the mixing means, water slurry of gunpowder, mixture of gunpowder and inert powder, or inert powder for mixing inert powder in gunpowder / powder / water slurry Supply means;
A water supply means for mixing water into the explosives supplied from the raw material storage means to the mixing means, water slurry of explosives, explosives / powder / water slurry, or a mixture of explosives and inert powder;
Slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the mixing means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace;
Fluidized bed combustion for low-pollution combustion of supplied gunpowder without explosion, comprising a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluidized medium connected to a slurry supply means and a freeboard capable of two-stage combustion An explosive combustion treatment apparatus including a furnace ,
The fluidized bed is a partially combusted fluidized bed, and an alkali supply means for supplying at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound is connected to the fluidized bed, or an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound are connected. When a slurry supply means for supplying a slurry-like explosive mixed with at least one is connected, a fluidized medium discharge pipe is connected to the lower part of the fluidized bed, and the explosive supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace contains halogen, By adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed, the fluidized bed temperature is lowered below the salt decomposition temperature, and the fluidized bed contains at least one of an alkali metal compound and an alkaline earth metal compound. By supplying the powder or mixing the powder with the explosive in advance, the hydrogen halide generated by the combustion of the explosive is fixed as a salt, Salt from the fluidized medium discharge pipe, or freeboard combustion to a combustion apparatus of explosive, characterized in that so as to discharge out of the system as entrained particles of the generated combustion gas. Slurry storing means for storing a slurry-like explosive obtained by diluting a powdered explosive with an inert powder containing water or water;
Slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the slurry storage means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace;
Fluidized bed combustion for low-pollution combustion of supplied gunpowder without explosion, comprising a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluidized medium connected to a slurry supply means and a freeboard capable of two-stage combustion An explosive combustion treatment apparatus including a furnace,
The fluidized bed is a combustion fluidized bed, and a lime supply means for supplying at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite is connected to this fluidized bed, or at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite is mixed. Connected to the slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive, and connected to the lower part of the fluidized bed is a fluidized medium extraction pipe, and the fired gas supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace. When the medicine contains sulfur, the fluidized bed temperature is adjusted to be higher than the calcination temperature of limestone and lower than the decomposition temperature of gypsum by adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed. By supplying quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite in the bed, or by previously mixing quick lime, limestone, slaked lime or / and dolomite with explosives, sulfur oxide generated by the combustion of explosives An explosive combustion treatment apparatus characterized in that it is fixed as gypsum, and the generated gypsum is discharged out of the system as entrained particles of combustion gas generated by burning from a fluid medium extraction pipe or by a free board. Explosives that are raw materials for treatment, water slurry of gunpowder that is a mixture of gunpowder and water, gunpowder / powder / water slurry that is a mixture of gunpowder / water / inert powder, and gunpowder / inert powder. Raw material storage means for storing any of the mixture;
Water supply means and inert powder for wet pulverization and mixing of explosives from raw material storage means with at least one of water and inert powder when the particle size of the explosive stored in the raw material storage means is large Wet pulverization / mixing means connected to the supply means;
Gunpowder supplied from raw material storage means to wet pulverization / mixing means, water slurry of gunpowder, mixture of gunpowder and inert powder or non-powder for mixing inert powder in gunpowder / powder / water slurry Active powder supply means;
A water supply means for mixing water into the explosives supplied from the raw material storage means to the wet pulverization / mixing means, water slurry of explosives, explosives / powder / water slurry or a mixture of explosives and inert powder;
Slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the wet pulverization / mixing means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace;
Fluidized bed combustion for low-pollution combustion of supplied gunpowder without explosion, comprising a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluidized medium connected to a slurry supply means and a freeboard capable of two-stage combustion An explosive combustion treatment apparatus including a furnace,
The fluidized bed is a combustion fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed is connected with a lime supply means for supplying quicklime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite, or mixed with quicklime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite. Is connected to the fluidized bed when the slurry supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace contains sulfur. By adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas to be adjusted, the fluidized bed temperature is adjusted to be not less than the calcination temperature of limestone and not more than the decomposition temperature of gypsum, and at least any of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime, and dolomite in the fluidized bed Sulfur oxidation generated by combustion of gunpowder by supplying quick lime, limestone, slaked lime or / and dolomite with gunpowder The explosive combustion treatment apparatus is characterized in that the generated gypsum is discharged from the fluid medium extraction pipe or as a companion particle of combustion gas generated by combustion with a free board to the outside of the system. . Explosives that are raw materials for treatment, water slurry of gunpowder that is a mixture of gunpowder and water, gunpowder / powder / water slurry that is a mixture of gunpowder / water / inert powder, and gunpowder / inert powder. Raw material storage means for storing any of the mixture;
Mixing means connected to the water supply means and the inert powder supply means for mixing at least one of water and inert powder with the explosive from the raw material storage means;
Gunpowder supplied from the raw material storage means to the mixing means, water slurry of gunpowder, mixture of gunpowder and inert powder, or inert powder for mixing inert powder in gunpowder / powder / water slurry Supply means;
A water supply means for mixing water into the explosives supplied from the raw material storage means to the mixing means, water slurry of explosives, explosives / powder / water slurry, or a mixture of explosives and inert powder;
Slurry supply means for supplying the slurry-like explosive from the mixing means into the fluidized bed of the fluidized bed combustion furnace;
Fluidized bed combustion for low-pollution combustion of supplied gunpowder without explosion, comprising a fluidized bed formed of an inert fluidized medium connected to a slurry supply means and a freeboard capable of two-stage combustion An explosive combustion treatment apparatus including a furnace,
The fluidized bed is a combustion fluidized bed, and the fluidized bed contains a small amount of quicklime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite. Connect a lime supply means for supplying at least one, or connect a slurry supply means for supplying a slurry-like explosive mixed with at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime and dolomite, and at the bottom of the fluidized bed When the fluid medium extraction pipe is connected and the explosive supplied to the fluidized bed combustion furnace contains sulfur, the fluidized bed temperature is set to be calcined by adjusting the amount of fuel and / or gas supplied to the fluidized bed. The temperature is adjusted to be equal to or higher than the decomposition temperature of gypsum, and at least one of quick lime, limestone, slaked lime, and dolomite is supplied into the fluidized bed, or quick lime, limestone, slaked lime, and / or dolomite is used as explosive in advance. By mixing, the sulfur oxide generated by the combustion of explosives is fixed as gypsum, and the generated gypsum is burned from the fluid medium extraction pipe or with a free board. Combustion apparatus gunpowder, characterized in that so as to discharge out of the system as entrained particles generated combustion gas is.

Images