JP4095521B2 - Building joint structures used in energy conversion systems - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a structure of the joint portion of the building to be used for energy conversion system for obtaining power by using the stress change generated in the joint portion in the building.

Conventionally, several techniques have been proposed for extracting electric power from vibration energy of structures.
As in Patent Document 1 shown below, a piston and a cylinder having a fluid are installed on a support base inside the structure, and a structure such as a bridge or a highway is supported by the structure. There has been proposed an energy generating device that converts a pressure applied to a fluid in a cylinder due to a load or vibration generated when a traveling vehicle such as a train or an automobile passes over the structure into mechanical and electrical energy.

  Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2 shown below, a force means for applying a movable mass and a damping means for converting the vibration of the movable mass into electric energy to attenuate the vibration of the movable mass are provided. There is. The attenuating means relates to a vibration damping device that is employed as a vibration damping measure during strong winds or earthquakes in buildings, civil engineering structures, and the like.

  Furthermore, as shown in Patent Document 3 shown below, it is for suppressing vibrations of structures and equipment caused by disturbances such as wind and earthquake, and the additional mass supported by the linear guide is driven by a spring and an electric motor. An active vibration control device that suppresses vibrations is provided. Electric power is supplied to the electric motor through the storage battery and the energy recovery device, and energy generated in the motor due to braking is recovered in the storage battery through the energy recovery device. An energy recovery type active vibration control device has been proposed.

  Further, as described in Patent Document 4 shown below, it is for suppressing vibration of a mechanical structure or a building structure, and a piezoelectric element that converts vibration energy attached to the structure into electric energy, and the piezoelectric element There has been proposed a structure damping device including a connected resonance circuit and a power storage / regeneration circuit that stores or regenerates electric energy extracted by the resonance circuit.

  Further, as in Patent Document 5 shown below, in a vibration damping device that includes a piezoelectric element mounted on a structure to be damped and a shunt circuit connected to the piezoelectric element, the piezoelectric element is the object to be damped. There has been proposed a structure damping device inserted between a structure and a fixed system (fixed foundation or the like).

  In addition, as disclosed in Patent Document 6 shown below, a ceramic composite material having a function of generating electric power by using a weight applied by a person or a car in a building floor material installed on a staircase, a floor, or a road. A technology that incorporates the above has been proposed.

CD-ROM of Japanese Patent Application No. 4-64403 (Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-22575) JP-A-8-184214 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-267076 JP 2002-61708 A JP 2002-70933 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-39661

  Of the conventional examples described above, those other than the “energy generator” and “building board material” are accompanied by a vibration damping device. For the purpose of rationalizing the energy supply of the device, the vibration energy generated in the vibration damping device is electrically generated. It is converted to energy and regenerates the electric energy as electric power. When these devices are used as electric energy supply devices, a vibration damping device is always required, and only those caused by the vibration are handled. There was a limit to the energy supplied.

On the other hand, in the energy supply by "building floorboard material", a dedicated device is required for power generation, and the "energy generator" uses a cylinder especially for structures such as bridges and expressways. Although energy is supplied using the load and vibration applied when traveling vehicles such as trains and cars pass, there are difficulties in application to building structures, and the application site is also vibration suppression. It was limited to applying the device.
The present invention solves the above problems.

The junction of the beam for fixing the outer and outer walls of the building Oite, the mounting bracket and the outer wall being fixed between or / and beams between the mounting brackets and the outer wall surface fixed to the back side of the outer wall Place a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or a composite material between it and the mounting bracket to convert the stress fluctuation generated at the joint into electric power. wherein the structure of the joint portion of the building to be used for energy conversion system formed by.

In addition, in a joint where a vibration-isolated laminated rubber is installed between the lower foundation of the building and the upper foundation on the lower foundation, between the lower foundation and the laminated rubber for vibration isolation and / or the upper foundation and the vibration-isolating A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or a composite material thereof is disposed between the laminated rubber for use and the stress fluctuation generated at the joint is used as electric power. structure of joint of buildings to be used for conversion to energy conversion system ing characterized.

Further, at the joint between the RC column of the building and the PC beam, a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material is formed between the side surface of the RC column and the PC beam. disposed molecular material or a composite material thereof, characterized by the structure of the joint portion of the building that the stress variation occurring in the joint is used in energy conversion system obtained by converting into electric power.

In addition, at the joint portion between the steel column and the steel beam of the building, a plate-like piezoelectric / piezoelectric material is provided between the steel column side and / or the steel beam side of the mounting bracket for attaching the side surface of the steel column and the steel beam. disposed electrostrictive ceramic or a other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material a polymeric material or a composite material thereof, buildings used stress variation occurring at the junction to the energy conversion system obtained by converting the power It is characterized by the structure of the joint part .

Further, at the junction between the column / beam and the wall in the frame surrounded by the column and beam of the building and the wall installed in the frame, between the side surface of the column and the wall or / and the lower surface of the beam A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or composite material is placed between the wall and the wall, and stress fluctuations generated at the joint are converted into electric power. wherein the structure of the joint portion of the building to be used for energy conversion system formed by.

In addition, at the joint portion between the floor slab of the building and the beam supporting the floor slab, a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electric element is interposed between the lower surface of the floor slab and the upper surface of the beam. disposed a polymeric material or a composite material thereof a strained material, characterized by the structure of the joint portion of the building that the stress variation occurring in the joint is used in energy conversion system obtained by converting into electric power.

Further, at the joint between the column / beam and the brace in the frame surrounded by the column and beam of the building and the brace installed in the frame, the end of the bracket and the brace attached to the column or / and the beam Place a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or a composite material between them to convert the stress fluctuation generated at the joint into electric power. structure of joint of buildings to be used for energy conversion system comprising Te, characterized in.

In addition, at the joint between the foundation of the building and the column base, a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electric element is provided between the upper surface of the foundation and the lower surface of the base plate at the lower end of the column base. disposed a polymeric material or a composite material thereof a strained material, characterized by the structure of the joint portion of the building that the stress variation occurring in the joint is used in energy conversion system obtained by converting into electric power.

By using the stress change at the junction of the building each part, no longer need to secure a special equipment and installation space therefor as a medium for energy conversion, such as the vibration damping device.

  In addition, it is possible to efficiently extract electrical energy simultaneously by various stress fluctuations such as external force itself, vibration due to external force, and expansion and contraction due to heat, and large energy supply is possible.

An overall image of an embodiment of the present invention is shown in FIG. The building 1 is present joint at various sites, to fluctuations of the stress is caused by external force or member properties to the site.
The variation, not only due to the vibration of the building 1, those resulting directly by disturbances include those various distortions such as for member caused by heat.
Therefore, it is possible to obtain electric power by disposing the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 capable of generating electric power due to stress fluctuation, that is, fluctuation of load, at the joint portion.

A schematic flowchart up to power generation is shown in FIG. In the present invention, the earthquake occurs at the junction of a variety of sites of the building 1, the wind, traffic vibration and stress variations due to disturbance itself like other human activities, as well as stress variations due to vibration caused by them, even the sun The electric power can be taken out by the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 disposed in the joint portion by utilizing the stress fluctuation caused by the member distortion due to the temperature fluctuation such as the radiant heat caused by. The above structure enables more efficient power supply.
Then, no longer requiring the medium only for energy conversion by utilizing the joint originally present in the building 1. Each joint of building 1 is a part to bear originally large stresses, further, the absolute value of the stress variation for also becomes large, is effective as a means for generating high power .

As the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2, piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramics such as barium titanate or lead zirconate titanate are used. Piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramics are polycrystalline ferroelectrics that are baked and hardened at a high temperature. As shown in FIG. 3, a polarization process that applies a DC strong electric field while raising the temperature and aligns the internal electric dipoles in a certain direction. It can have ferroelectricity by performing.
As other piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2, piezoelectric / electrostrictive means using new materials such as piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer materials and composite materials have been developed in various fields, and it goes without saying that these materials can be utilized. Of course, stress fluctuations include those caused by temperature fluctuations in various parts of the building due to solar radiation.
Specific embodiments will be described below.

In the first embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 4, piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed at a portion of an outer wall 3 such as a PC curtain wall and an attachment metal 4 for attaching the outer wall 3. .
4, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is arranged between the back side 5 of the outer wall 3 and the outer standing surface 6 on the side facing the outer wall 3 of the L-shaped mounting bracket 4. Has been established. As the disposing means, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is previously attached to the back surface side 5 of the outer wall 3, or is attached to the outer standing surface 6 of the mounting bracket 4, or between the two at the time of connection. Either of them may be inserted.
Also, the joint at the lower part of FIG. 4 is the outer lower surface 8 of the L-shaped mounting bracket 7 attached to the back side 5 of the outer wall 3 and the outer lower surface of the other mounting bracket 10 fixed to the beam 9. The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed between the part 11. As the disposing means, it is possible to appropriately select whether to attach to the mounting bracket 7 and the other mounting bracket 10 in advance, or to interpose between them when connecting.

With the above structure, electric power is generated by the stress fluctuation of the mounting portion caused by an external force acting directly such as an earthquake or wind. In addition, the mounting portion of the outer wall, the external force caused by vibration of the vibration and wind buildings also acts, it becomes possible to obtain a power from their stress variations. In the first embodiment, the entire outer wall can be used, and there is an advantage that a large amount of power generation can be easily secured.

Compared to wind power, in the present invention, because it is prepared as a building for receiving the wind, not requiring construction costs therefor. Further, since the external force is also received in directions other than the wind direction, particularly in the direction perpendicular to the wind direction, it is possible to generate power not only on the wind direction surface of the building but also on the entire surface of the building. Further, in the wind power, is capable of power generation at the time of 25 m / s about more strong winds stopping the power generation for the safety device, it is possible to perform a larger power generation is better in this case the opposite.

Example 2 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 5, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive unit 2 attachment site of the laminated rubber 15 which is installed between the lower foundation 13 and upper foundation 14 in basic 12 buildings It is arranged. Vibration-isolating a building installing the laminated rubber 15 to the base site as a purpose, between the lower foundation 13 and the laminated rubber 15, or upper foundation 14 either between the laminated rubber 15, or the piezoelectric / electrostrictive between both Means 2 is inserted.
As the disposing means, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is attached in advance to either or both of the lower base plate 16 and the upper base plate 17 of the laminated rubber vibration isolator, or is attached to the lower or upper bases 13 and 14 in advance. In addition, it is inserted between the upper and lower foundations 14 and 13 and the upper and lower base plates 17 and 16 at the time of construction.
Since the foundation 12 receives not only vertical vibrations due to wind and earthquakes, but also vibrations due to daily vibrations of automobiles and the like, large electric power can be obtained.

Example 3 of the present invention, FIG. 6 (a), in which is disposed the piezoelectric / electrostrictive unit 2 at the junction of the (b), the construction of beams and columns. FIG. 6A shows an RC structure, in which a PC beam 19 is connected to an RC pillar 18. Both are integrated by inserting and connecting the PC steel wire 20 protruding from the PC beam 19 to the RC column 18, or the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is attached to the side surface 21 of the RC column 18 in advance, The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed in advance of the filling mortar 22 at a site where the RC column side surface 21 and the PC beam 19 are connected during construction.

FIG. 6B shows a case where the steel column 23 and the steel beam 24 are connected, and the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is provided between the side surface 25 of the steel column 23 and the mounting bracket 26 for attaching the steel beam 24. Are connected by bolts and nuts.
According to the third embodiment, electric power can be supplied not only by stress fluctuation due to horizontal vibration caused by wind or earthquake, but also by stress fluctuation caused by human vibration walking on the floor.

Example 4 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 7, the pillar-beam 27, 28 and the wall 29 more a wall 29 which is installed in rack premises surrounded by pillars 27 and beams 28 of the building The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed at the joining site.
It is possible to attach the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 to the side surface 30 of the column 27 and / or the lower surface 31 of the beam 28 or the side edge 32 of the wall 29 in advance, and the column / beam 27 at the time of construction. 28 and the wall 29 may be inserted. The column 27 and the beam 28 may be either RC or S.
Thereby, electric power can be supplied by the stress fluctuation | variation and vibration which act on the wall 29 by disturbance. As an application method in this case, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 can be disposed between the partition wall and the floor.

Examples of the present invention 5, as shown in FIG. 8, in which is disposed the piezoelectric / electrostrictive unit 2 to the site of the beam 34 for supporting the floor slab 33 and the floor slab 33 of the building. The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed between the upper flange 35 of the beam 34 and the lower surface portion 36 of the floor slab 33.
The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 can be attached in advance to either the lower surface portion 36 of the floor slab 33 or the upper surface portion 37 of the upper flange 35 of the beam 34. You may insert and arrange between slabs. The floor slab 33 may be a steel plate or a PC plate, or may be based on an in-situ casting method in RC construction.
Thereby, electric power can be supplied by the stress fluctuation | variation by a person's walk and human vibration. In this case, since the contact area is large, power generation in a wide range is possible.

Example 6 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 9, mutually between pillars 38 and beams 39 of the building, the mutual junction of the columns and beams 38, 39, or joint and the bar of the columns and beams 38, 39 In the structure of the brace 40 attached between any one of the beam 38 and the beam 39, the piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed at the connecting portion between the column 38, the beam 39 and the brace 40.
In the connecting portion shown in FIG. 9, the brace 40 attached between the bracket 41 attached to the corner as the attaching portion of the columns / beams 38 and 39 and the bracket 42 attached to the lower center portion of the beam 39. The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed at the joint between the end portions 43 and 44 of the brackets 41 and 42 and the end portions 45 and 46 of the brace 40. The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 can be attached in advance to the end portions 45, 46 of the brace 40 or the end portions 43, 44 of the brackets 41, 42. You may insert and arrange | position between the edge parts 43 and 44 of the brackets 41 and 42. FIG.
As described above, electric power can be supplied by stress fluctuation or vibration acting on the brace 40 due to disturbance.

Example 7 of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 10, in which is disposed the piezoelectric / electrostrictive unit 2 to the connecting portion of the foundation 47 and the pedestals 48 of the building.
The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 is disposed between the base 47 and the base plate 49 at the lower end of the column base 48. The piezoelectric / electrostrictive means 2 can be attached to the base 47 in advance on the upper surface portion 50 or the lower surface portion 51 of the base plate 49, or can be inserted between the base 47 and the base plate 49 during construction. it can. The base plate 49 is fixed to the foundation 47 by anchor bolts 52.
As a result, electric power can be supplied not only from vertical vibrations caused by wind and earthquakes but also from daily vibrations such as automobiles.

  In all of the above-described embodiments, it is not necessary to install a device for another purpose as a medium for energy conversion such as a vibration damping device, and hardly takes a place for installation. In addition, it is possible to efficiently extract electric energy simultaneously from various stress fluctuations such as external force itself, vibration due to external force, and expansion and contraction due to heat, and large energy supply is possible.

  In addition, this technology can be applied not only at the time of new building construction but also at the time of renovation, depending on the replacement site, so it can be a useful technology for the spread of future pollution-free and renewable energy supply. is there.

It is a conceptual diagram of this invention. 3 is a flowchart of the present invention. It is the schematic which shows the principle of a piezoelectric / electrostrictive means. It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. Example 1 It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. (Example 2) It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. (Example 3) It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. (Another example of Example 3) It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. Example 4 It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. (Example 5) It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. (Example 6) It is sectional drawing which shows the junction part of the structure of this invention. (Example 7)

Explanation of symbols

1 building <br/> 2 piezoelectric / electrostrictive unit 3 the outer wall 4 mounting bracket 5 rear side 6 outside elevational設面7 mounting bracket 8 outer lower surface portion 9 beam 10 mounting bracket 11 outside the upper surface portion 12 underlying 13 lower foundation 14 upper foundation 15 Laminated rubber 16, 17 Base plate 18 RC column 19 PC beam 20 PC steel wire 21 Side surface 22 Filling mortar 23 Steel column 24 Steel beam 25 Side surface 26 Mounting bracket 27 Column 28 Beam 29 Wall 30 Side surface 31 Lower surface 32 Side edge 33 Floor slab 34 Beam 35 Upper flange 36 Lower surface portion 37 Upper surface portion 38 Column 39 Beam 40 Braces 41, 42 Brackets 43, 44 End portions 45, 46 End portion 47 Base 48 Column base 49 Base plate 50 Upper surface portion 51 Lower surface portion 52 Anchor bolt

Claims (8)

The junction of the beam for fixing the outer and outer walls of the building Oite, the mounting bracket and the outer wall being fixed between or / and beams between the mounting brackets and the outer wall surface fixed to the back side of the outer wall Place a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or a composite material between it and the mounting bracket to convert the stress fluctuation generated at the joint into electric power. structure of the joint of the building to be used for energy conversion system according to claim such isosamples to. In a joint where a vibration isolation laminated rubber is installed between the lower foundation of the building and the upper foundation on the lower foundation, between the lower foundation and the vibration isolation laminated rubber or / and the upper foundation and the vibration isolation laminate A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or a composite material thereof is disposed between the rubber and the stress variation generated at the joint is converted into electric power. structure of joint of buildings to be used for energy conversion system according to claim Rukoto such Te. A polymer material that becomes a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material between the side surface of the RC column and the PC beam at the joint between the RC column of the building and the PC beam or structure of the joint portion of the composite material is disposed, buildings used stress variation occurring at the junction to the energy conversion system characterized by being converted into electric power. Piezoelectric / electrostrictive plate-like material between the steel column side and / or the steel beam side of the mounting bracket for attaching the side surface of the steel column and the steel beam at the joint between the steel column and the steel beam of the building Used in an energy conversion system , which is composed of a ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive polymer material or a composite material, and converts stress fluctuations generated at the joint into electric power. structure of joint of that building. At the junction between the column / beam and the wall in the frame surrounded by the column and beam of the building and the wall installed in the frame, between the side surfaces of the column and / or the lower surface of the beam and the wall A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic, a polymer material that becomes another plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material, or a composite material thereof is disposed between the two and the stress fluctuation generated at the joint is converted into electric power. structure of joint of buildings to be used for energy conversion system characterized by comprising. A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material between the lower surface of the floor slab and the upper surface of the beam at the joint between the floor slab of the building and the beam supporting the floor slab become polymeric or disposed the composite material, the structure of the joint portion of the building used stress variation occurring at the junction to the energy conversion system characterized by being converted into electric power. A bracket attached to the column or / and the beam and an end of the brace at a joint between the column / beam and the brace in a frame surrounded by the column and beam of the building and a brace installed in the frame A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or a polymer material or a composite material thereof that becomes a plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material is disposed between the two, and the stress fluctuation generated at the joint is converted into electric power. structure of joint of buildings to be used for energy conversion system, characterized in that. A plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive ceramic or other plate-like piezoelectric / electrostrictive material between the upper surface of the foundation and the lower surface of the base plate at the lower end of the column base at the joint between the foundation of the building and the column base become polymeric or disposed the composite material, the structure of the joint portion of the building used stress variation occurring at the junction to the energy conversion system characterized by being converted into electric power.

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