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JP4096643B2 - Battery structure - Google Patents
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JP4096643B2 - Battery structure - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4096643B2
JP4096643B2 JP2002185056A JP2002185056A JP4096643B2 JP 4096643 B2 JP4096643 B2 JP 4096643B2 JP 2002185056 A JP2002185056 A JP 2002185056A JP 2002185056 A JP2002185056 A JP 2002185056A JP 4096643 B2 JP4096643 B2 JP 4096643B2
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tab
resin
battery
battery structure
stretching
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JP2004031097A (en
Inventor
恭一 渡邉
英明 堀江
浩 菅原
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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Nissan Motor Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10Energy storage using batteries
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02PCLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P70/00Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
    • Y02P70/50Manufacturing or production processes characterised by the final manufactured product

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  • Sealing Battery Cases Or Jackets (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)
  • Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
  • Connection Of Batteries Or Terminals (AREA)
  • Battery Electrode And Active Subsutance (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、電池の耐引張り構造に関するものであり、主として外部からの入力される振動や、電池を設置するときにかかる引っ張り応力等に対し、強い構造を付与することにより、電池及びそれを用いた組電池の寿命を確保するためのものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
タブを樹脂で封止する構造の電池をホルダー等に固定等する場合、一般的な高分子金属複合フィルム(特開2000−223084)を外装とする電池では、構造的に弱いと考えられるタブ部と樹脂の封止部の界面が入力する応力等により、剥れる可能性があった。
【0003】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明では、これら従来の電池構造では達成し得なかった特にタブ部に入力する応力に関し、特に耐性の高い構造に関するものであり、電池構造体に対する防振効果と、性能劣化防止とを共に成立することが目的である。
【0004】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の上記目的は、タブを少なくとも1以上の樹脂によって封止する電池のタブ構造において、少なくとも1以上の樹脂が1軸延伸の場合の延伸方向、若しくは複数軸延伸の場合の最も強い延伸がかかっている方向が、タブの取り出し方向と異なっていることを特徴とする電池構造体により達成できた(図1参照のこと)。
【0005】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明について更に詳細に説明する。なお図1(b)〜図14(b)のA−A断面模式図中の「+」、「−」の記号の意味は以下の通りである。
【0006】
図中の「+」は樹脂の延伸方向が、タブの取り出し方向に引張り応力が発生したときに樹脂が伸びるように設置されている場合を表わしている。また何も記号が示されていないものは無延伸の樹脂である。「−」は延伸がかかっている樹脂で、かつその樹脂が伸びない方向すなわちタブの取り出し方向と樹脂の延伸方向が一致して設置されていることを表わしている。従って、「+ +」と2つある場合は、共に延伸がかかっている2種類の樹脂で、且つタブの取り出し方向に引張り応力が発生したときに樹脂が伸びるように設置されていることを表わす場合である。また、「− −」と2つある場合は、共に延伸がかかっている2種類の樹脂で、且つその樹脂が伸びない方向すなわちタブの取り出し方向と樹脂の延伸方向が一致して設置されていることを表わしている。
【0007】
また、図1(a)〜図4(a)、図7(a)〜図14(a)の上面図では、樹脂1および樹脂2(さらに樹脂3)の延伸方向をわかりやすく示すために、該樹脂2(または樹脂3ないし樹脂1)にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を省略して表わしたものであり、図1(b)〜図4(b)、図7(b)〜図14(b)では、これらの金属層および樹脂層を二点鎖線で表わしている。
【0008】
本発明は、タブを少なくとも1以上の樹脂によって封止する電池であり、その封止する樹脂の延伸方向がタブの取りだし方向に対して異なっている必要がある。図12(a)のA−A断面模式図である図12(b)に従って説明をすると、タブを1以上の樹脂で封止するとは、タブ3周辺には樹脂1を設定することでタブ部の封止を行うことであり、タブ3と樹脂1の界面が、例えば、電池構造体4のタブが外部の応力等の影響により、引っ張られたり、押されたりすることにより、剥れたりする場合があった。この場合にはその剥れ部位から電解液が漏れだし、電池の機能が徐々に低下し、最終的には、電圧が得られなくなる場合があった。
【0009】
このときタブを封止する樹脂を応力に関して柔軟な性質にすることによって、タブに入力する外部応力は樹脂の内部で吸収され、タブとの界面の剥離力として伝わることを減少させることが可能となった。
【0010】
これは、少なくとも1以上の樹脂が1軸延伸の場合の延伸方向を、タブの取り出し方向と異なる方向にすることで達成することができた。図12(a)の電池構造体の上面模式図の樹脂1の延伸方向は一線矢印の方向であり、タブの取り出し方向(図中の白抜き矢印の方向)に対して略垂直の関係にあり、両者の方向は異なっている。一般的にフィルム状の樹脂は、強度を上昇させるために延伸処理を行う。樹脂の延伸によりフィルム内の高分子が揃い、延伸の方向に対して強度が上がる。フィルムは2次元の延伸処理を行う場合もあり、例えば、X、Y方向の2軸に延伸されたものも存在する。
【0011】
このとき延伸により延伸方向には伸び難くなり、未延伸の方向には、残留伸びが存在して伸び易くなる。この残留伸びが存在する方向は、外部からの入力に対して相対的に耐性が高くなり、その外力に対する耐性の高い方向にタブの取り出し方向を設定することで、より外力に対して強い構造の電池を形成できることを見出した。従って、未延伸の方向、若しくは延伸が相対的に弱い方向は、樹脂が伸び縮みし易い方向であり、タブ部の引張りや圧縮に対して柔軟に変形し易くなるのである。このため外部応力が樹脂とタブの界面剥離に与える影響を減少させることができる。
【0012】
樹脂が2軸以上の多延伸の場合には、その中で最も延伸の弱い方向にタブの取り出し方向を合わせることで発明の目的を達成することができる。延伸状態を全く同程度にすることは製造上困難であるため、延伸の強い方向がタブの取り出し方向と異なることが必要である。
【0013】
また、一般的に残留伸びの存在する方向は、延伸方向と直行しているため、延伸方向をタブの取り出し方向と異なる方向にすることで、効果的に残留伸びの存在する方向をタブの取り出し方向に設定することが可能となる。タブ3の取り出し方向(図14(a)中の白抜き矢印の方向)と樹脂1、2の延伸方向((図中の一線矢印の方向)が一致すること(図14参照のこと)がもっとも界面剥離に与える影響が高くなるため、最低限一致させることは避ける必要がある。
【0014】
また、未延伸の方向は応力に対する柔軟性は高いため、完全に未延伸のフィルムを用いてタブの周辺を封止することも効果的である。しかし、未延伸フィルムは応力に対する柔軟性は高いが、フィルムの強度は低いので1枚のフィルムのみで電池の外装を形成することは剛性が低下するため相応しいとは言えない。この場合は、図5のように、タブ3の封止部に樹脂1と樹脂2を用い、応力に対して柔軟な樹脂1でタブ3の引っ張り応力を緩和し、フィルムの剛性は延伸した樹脂2で行うこともできる。図5では樹脂2の延伸方向(図5(a)中の一線矢印の方向)をタブ3の取り出し方向(図5(a)中の白抜き矢印の方向)に対して直行させ、残留伸びの方向をタブ3の取り出し方向に設定することにより、タブ3に入力する応力を緩和することができる。
【0015】
更に電池構造体の外装が高分子−金属フィルムであることは望ましいといえる。フィルムの積層の一部にアルミ等の金属箔やその他の樹脂を積層することにより、タブに入力する応力に対する耐性を維持しつつ、フィルム強度を上げることが可能となるからである。
【0016】
また、この樹脂の延伸方向の違いは断面の観察により確認することが可能である。延伸方向が同一の場合、断面観察しても2種の樹脂の存在を確認することができないが、延伸方向が異なる場合、断面観察で2種の樹脂の存在を確認することができる。図19に図5の電池構造体4の断面観察写真を載せるが、樹脂1と樹脂2の存在が確認でき、延伸方向が異なる様子を詳細に確認できる。
【0017】
図16にタブ部に入力する引張りに対しての伸び(elongation:mm)とタブ部の接着力(剥離強度;N/mm)の相関を示す。樹脂の延伸方向とタブの取り出し方向が等しい一般の場合(図中の比較構造)には、タブを引っ張った場合に殆どタブの接着部が伸びないことがわかる。このため外力による引張り幅が大きい場合、タブ部がその変位を吸収できず、剥離してしまう可能性が高い。それに対し、樹脂の延伸方向とタブの取り出し方向が異なる本発明の構造(図中の発明構造)は外部入力に対するタブ部の変位に対し、柔軟に対応できており、樹脂部が伸びることにより、その変位を吸収し、ある程度の変位でもタブと樹脂が剥離しないことがわかる。
【0018】
また延伸樹脂は、樹脂の接着性を若干低下させることもあるので、フィルムの強度を維持しつつ、接着性や外力に対する耐性の観点から最適な条件が存在するがここでは特に限定を行わない。
【0019】
樹脂の延伸方向が、タブの取り出し方向に対し、45〜90°の範囲にあることは望ましい。これの模式図を図15に示す。タブ3に樹脂1を接着するとき樹脂1の延伸方向は、タブ3の取り出し方向(図中の白抜き矢印の方向)をX軸、樹脂1の長さ方向をY軸とした場合、45〜90°の角度範囲が望ましい。これは0〜45°の範囲では樹脂1の残留伸びの割合が小さく入力する外力に対して十分に伸びない場合があるからである。このときの引張りと変位の関係を図17に示す。図17中の樹脂1は、樹脂の延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向と成す角度が45°、図17中の樹脂2が60°、図17中の樹脂3が90°である。樹脂の延伸方向とタブの取り出し方向の成す角度を下げて行くと伸びが小さくなって行くことがわかる。これは、この成す角度が小さいほど、残留伸びのタブの取り出し方向のベクトル成分が小さいことを示していると考えられる。
【0020】
また、この角度の範囲の示し方は対称であるため、図15の場合の90〜135°は0〜45°と同一であり、0〜45°は135〜180°と同様である。
【0021】
図26に樹脂の延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向と成す角度が60°の場合の電池製造模式図を示す。延伸した樹脂1シートを図26(a)のように延伸方向(一線矢印の方向)に対して60°の角度を有する面で切断(図中の切断位置参照のこと)し、樹脂1を作成し、それを図26(b)のようにタブ3に貼り付ける。このとき樹脂1シートの延伸方向をあらかじめ角度を有するように製造してもよいが特に限定は行わない。この樹脂1を貼り付けたタブ3を外装樹脂(図示せず)と接着して電池構造体を製造する。さらに好適な角度範囲は60〜90°である。
【0022】
タブを封止する少なくとも2以上の樹脂群の中で、タブに接する1の樹脂以外の樹脂の当該延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向Xに対して成す角度が、タブに接する1の樹脂のそれ(=当該延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向Xに対して成す角度)よりも大きいことが望ましい。
【0023】
これは図15の様にタブ3に設置した樹脂1に関し、その延伸方向とタブの取り出し方向との間に成す角度が最大の樹脂1が、図11の様に樹脂1、2を積層させた系の比較する樹脂の中でタブ取り出し方向(図11(a)中の白抜き矢印の方向)への引張りに対する残留伸びが大きくなるため、タブに引張り応力が加わった場合は、その樹脂1が最も伸びることになる。このときタブ3と樹脂1の界面は、応力がかかった場合に剥離が発生する部位であるため、他の樹脂1と樹脂2の界面等に対して、できるだけ伸びない方が望ましい。このため樹脂1、2を積層した場合にはタブ3との界面を有する樹脂1の伸びが他の樹脂2に比べて最も大きくならないことが望ましいからである。
【0024】
図11では、樹脂1をタブ周辺に設定し、タブ3との界面を有する樹脂とし、樹脂2をその他の樹脂にした場合の模式図であるが、樹脂2の有する前記角度が樹脂1の有する前記角度に対して大きいため、タブ3に引張り応力が入力した場合には、樹脂2の樹脂が相対的に伸び、タブ周辺の樹脂1は伸びが小さい特徴がある。このときの振幅−応力線図は図18のようになり、樹脂2が伸び、その後樹脂1が伸びることが確認できる。
【0025】
また、角度で比較するときには、無延伸樹脂は最も残留伸びがあるため、最も大きな角度となるように考える。
【0026】
当該タブを封止する少なくとも2以上の樹脂群が、いずれもポリプロピレン、変性ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンおよび変性ポリエチレンから選ばれることが望ましい。これらの高分子はタブの金属と接着するときに金属との接着性が比較的良好であり、更に樹脂の延伸が容易であるため封止材料として相応しいからである。同様に、タブを封止する少なくとも1以上の樹脂は、ポリプロピレン、変性ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンおよび変性ポリエチレンから選ばれることが望ましい。
【0027】
タブの材質が、Ni、Cu、Al、Feから選ばれることが望ましい。これらのタブ金属は金属の抵抗値、線膨張係数、比抵抗が電池構造体として適当であり、使用温度を変えた場合に、封止樹脂に対し応力の発生を比較的小さく抑えることができ相応しいからである。
【0028】
電池構造体の最大厚さが1〜10mmであることが望ましい。これは、電池構造体の最大厚さが10mmを超える場合には素電池(電池構造体)の内部に熱がこもり易くなり、タブと樹脂の線膨張係数の関係から、タブと樹脂の界面に応力を伝える可能性が高くなるからである。更に電池の熱劣化にも影響を与える可能性が高くなるからである。
【0029】
また、最大厚さが1mm未満の電池構造体では、正極、負極の層を薄くしても容量が稼げないため、経済的に効率が高いとは言えなくなるからである。
【0030】
素電池(電池構造体)の正極材が、Li−Mn系複合酸化物であることが望ましく、素電池の負極材が、結晶性炭素材、非結晶性炭素材から選ばれることが望ましい。これらの材質は電池内部の発熱を比較的放散し易いため、タブ部に伝熱することでタブが伸び、タブと樹脂の界面に引張り応力を与える可能性が低くなるからである。さらに好適な厚さの範囲は3〜6mmである。
【0031】
電池構造体を少なくとも2つ以上、並列に接続したグループが少なくとも1以上存在し、その並列の接続形式が、電池構造体を重ね、積層枚数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ溶着する形式の組電池を構成することは望ましい。
【0032】
電池構造体を重ね、積層枚数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ溶着する形式の組電池では、図20(1)に示す通り、並列接続(並列連結)は、正極同士、負極同士を接続する(図20(1)中のA、Bの接続部参照)ため、外部からの引張り応力侵入に対し、同位相で応力がかかるため、ねじり力により素電池(電池構造体)が劣化する可能性が小さい。これはタブ金属が一般的に正極、負極と異なるため、異なる金属と樹脂の接合において、応力に対する反応が若干正極、負極で異なる。このとき引張りに対する伸びも若干異なるため、できるだけ同様の応答が得られる並列接合が望ましいといえる。一方、図20(2)に示す通り、直列接続(直列接続)は、正極−負極の連結が必ず起きる(図20(2)中のB側の接続部参照のこと)ため、夫々の極で応力−伸びの応答が異なり、ねじり力が樹脂とタブの界面に侵入し易くなる。
【0033】
素電池(電池構造体)を少なくとも2つ以上、並列に接続したグループが少なくとも1以上存在し、その並列の接続形式が、電池構造体を左右に並べ、複数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ1枚のバスバーに溶着する形式の組電池を構成することも望ましい。
【0034】
電池構造体を左右に並べ、複数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ1枚のバスバーに溶着する形式の組電池では、図21(1)に示す通り、並列接続(並列連結)は、正極同士、負極同士をバスバー5に溶着して接続する(図21(1)中のA、Bの接続部参照)ため、外部からの振動侵入に対し、同位相で応力がかかるため、ねじり力によりタブと樹脂の界面が剥離する可能性が小さい。一方、図21(2)に示す通り、直列接続(直列連結)は、バスバー5に溶着して正極−負極の連結が必ず起きる(図21(2)中のB側の接続部参照のこと)ため、ねじり力がタブと樹脂の界面に侵入し易くなるからである。
【0035】
これらの連結構造は、組電池中の素電池(電池構造体)の連結が全て並列になることが最も望ましいが、少なくとも1以上あれば本発明の効果を有する。
【0036】
本発明に係る組電池では、例えば、図23に示すように、4個の素電池(電池構造体)4の正極同士および負極同士を電池構造体を重ね、積層枚数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ溶着する形式で並列接続する。こうして並列接続された素電池(電池構造体)をさらに電池構造体を左右に並べ、複数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ1枚のバスバーに溶着する形式で6組直列に接続して、金属製の外部ケース6に収納し、組電池7とすることができる。なお、外部ケース6に設けられた組電池7の正極端子8および負極端子9と、各素電池(電池構造体)4のタブ3とは、組電池7の正極および負極端子用リード線(図示せず)を用いて電気的に接続されている。ただし、本発明の組電池は、ここで説明したものに制限されるべきものではなく、従来公知のものを適宜採用することができる。また、該組電池には、使用用途に応じて、各種計測機器や制御機器類を設けてもよく、例えば、外部ケース6には電池電圧を監視するために電圧計測用コネクタなどを設けてもよいなど、特に制限されるものではない。
【0037】
本発明の組電池(図23を参照のこと)を少なくとも2以上直列、並列、または直列と並列の複合接続し、複合組電池を形成することは非常に有効である。使用目的に適当である容量、電圧を組電池の組み合わせにより形成することが可能となるからである。電池のままで適当な容量等を形成することも可能であるが、接続数が極端に増えることにより、1つのセルの劣化により組電池全体が劣化してしまう可能性が高くなるからである。従って、ある適当な個数の電池により、組電池を形成した後、その組電池を複数結合することにより、最終的な複合組電池とすることが望ましいことになる。図24は、図23の組電池を6並列にした複合組電池である。
【0038】
図24に示すように、上記の組電池7を6組並列に接続して複合組電池10とするには、各外部ケース6に設けられた組電池の正極端子8および負極端子9を、外部正極端子部11、外部負極端子部12を有する組電池正極端子連結板13、組電池負極端子連結板14を用いてそれぞれ電気的に接続する。また、各外部ケース6の両側面に設けられた各ネジ孔部(図示せず)に、該固定ネジ孔部に対応する開口部を有する連結板15を固定ネジ16で固定し、各組電池7同士を連結する。また、各組電池7の正極端子8および負極端子9は、それぞれ正極絶縁カバー17および負極絶縁カバー18により保護され、適当な色、例えば、赤色と青色に色分けすることで識別されている。
【0039】
本発明の組電池、複合組電池を自動車用に適用することは、非常に有効である(図25参照のこと)。自動車に使用する場合に自動車に発生する振動に起因するタブと樹脂の界面の剥離を防止する効果を有するからである。車両の場合は特に多数の電池を使用するが、その中に一つでもタブと樹脂の界面剥離が発生すると車両用の複合組電池全体が使用不可になる可能性が高い。この様に高い電池の封止信頼性を確保すべき場所で使用する電池として、本発明の電池は特に有効である。
【0040】
本発明では、図25に示すように、EV、HEVあるいはFCVなどの車両19の車体中央部の座席下に複合組電池10を搭載するのが、社内空間およびトランクルームを広く取れるため便利である。ただし、本発明では、これらに何ら制限されるべきものではなく、後部トランクルームの下部に搭載してもよいし、あるいはEVやFCVのようにエンジンを搭載しないのであれば、車体前方のエンジンを搭載していた部分などに搭載することもできる。なお、本発明では、複合組電池だけではなく、使用用途によっては、組電池7を搭載するようにしてもよいし、これら組電池および/または複合組電池を適当に組み合わせて搭載するようにしてもよい。また、本発明の組電池および/または複合組電池を搭載することのできる車両としては、上記EV、HEV、FCVが好ましいが、これらに制限されるものではない。
【0041】
【実施例】
以下、本発明を実施例によって更に詳細に説明するが、本発明はこれによって限定されるものではない。
【0042】
実施例1
外形を図22、タブ部の樹脂構造を図1の構成とし、正極タブをAl(アルミニウム)、負極タブをNi(ニッケル)、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸PPとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂2を無延伸のPPとし、樹脂1、樹脂2、Alを積層した高分子−金属複合フィルムを適用し、正極材にLi−Mn系複合酸化物、負極材に非結晶性炭素素材を用いて電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体1を作成した。
【0043】
また、この電池構造体1の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、75%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0044】
実施例2
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図2とし、正極タブをAl、負極タブをCu、タブ封止部の樹脂1を2軸延伸PPとし、強い延伸のかかっている方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体2を作成した。
【0045】
また、この電池構造体2の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、50%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0046】
実施例3
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図3とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸PPとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PPとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を0°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体3を作成した。
【0047】
また、この電池構造体3の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、38%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0048】
実施例4
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図4とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸PPとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂2を2軸延伸PPとし、強い延伸がかかっている方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を0°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体4を作成した。
【0049】
また、この電池構造体4の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、25%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0050】
実施例5
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図5とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を無延伸PEとし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PEとし、延伸がかかっている方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂1,2を積層した高分子フィルムを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ8mmの電池構造体5を作成した。
【0051】
また、この電池構造体5の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、80%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0052】
実施例6
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図6とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を無延伸PEとし、樹脂2を2軸延伸PEとし、強い延伸がかかっている方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とした以外は、実施例5と同様にして、電池厚さ8mmの電池構造体6を作成した。
【0053】
また、この電池構造体6の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、60%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0054】
実施例7
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図7とし、正極タブをAl、負極タブをFe、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸の酸で変性したPPとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PEとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ5mmの電池構造体7を作成した。
【0055】
また、この電池構造体7の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、33%の許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0056】
実施例8
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図8とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を2軸延伸の酸で変性したPEとし、強い延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PEとし、タブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ5mmの電池構造体8を作成した。
【0057】
また、この電池構造体8の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、17%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0058】
実施例9
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図9とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸の酸で変性したPPとし、強い延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を45°とし、樹脂2を無延伸PEとした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体9を作成した。
【0059】
また、この電池構造体9の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、50%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0060】
実施例10
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図10とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を無延伸の酸で変性したPPとし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PEとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を45°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体10を作成した。
【0061】
また、この電池構造体10の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、38%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0062】
実施例11
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図11とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸の酸で変性したPPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を45°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PEとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を80°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体11を作成した。
【0063】
また、この電池構造体11の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、25%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0064】
実施例12
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図12とし、タブ封止部の樹脂を1軸延伸のPPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を90°とし、樹脂とAlを積層した高分子金属複合フィルムを適用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ2mmの電池構造体12を作成した。
【0065】
また、この電池構造体12の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、13%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0066】
実施例13
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図13とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸の酸で変性したPPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を45°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を60°とし、樹脂3を1軸延伸PPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を80°とし、樹脂1、2をタブ部に積層し、樹脂3とAlを積層した高分子金属複合フィルムを適用した以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体13を作成した。
【0067】
また、この電池構造体13の引張り試験をしたところ、基準に対し、50%伸びの許容があることを確認した。また、振動試験後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離は確認されなかった。
【0068】
比較例1
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図14とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸のPPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を0°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PPとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を0°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体を作成した。
【0069】
この電池構造体について振動試験を行い、その後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離が発生した。
【0070】
比較例2
タブ部の樹脂の構成を図14とし、タブ封止部の樹脂1を1軸延伸のPEとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を0°とし、樹脂2を1軸延伸PEとし、延伸がかかった方向がタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を0°とした以外は、実施例1と同様にして、電池厚さ4mmの電池構造体を作成した。
【0071】
この電池構造体について振動試験を行い、その後にタブの封止部を確認したところ、タブと樹脂の間に剥離が発生した。
【0072】
試験例
上記実施例1〜13、および比較例1、2で得られた電池構造体について、以下の実験を実施した。
【0073】
1.引張り試験
電池構造体のタブと外装フィルム体をJIS K 6830(自動車用シーリング材試験方法)に記載される引張り強さ試験方法に準拠する試験を行った。ここで引張り試験中の応力−変位のグラフから、伸び量を算出した。基準をそれぞれの実施例の樹脂材についてタブの取り出し方向に延伸方向を一致させたサンプルとしたときの伸び比率(下記表1の項目では、「ポール長さ比」と記した)を%で算出した。
【0074】
2.振動試験
実施例で得られた電池構造体について、JIS K 6385(防振ゴムの試験方法)に準拠される加振を20時間行った。その後の電池構造体を目視、電解液の臭気より確認し、タブと樹脂の剥離の有無を確認した。下記表1では、タブと樹脂の間に剥離が確認されなかったものを○、タブと樹脂の間に剥離が発生したものを×で表わした。
【0075】
これらの試験結果を下記表1に示す。
【0076】
【表1】

Figure 0004096643
【0077】
上記表1中の樹脂1および樹脂2の欄は、左から順に、材質、樹脂の延伸方向とタブ取り出し方向との成す角度の順で表記した。なお、樹脂が2軸延伸の場合には強い延伸がかかった方向とタブ取り出し方向との成す角度とし、角度の後に#を付した。又、樹脂が無延伸の場合には、角度には「無し」と表記した。また、実施例13の樹脂2の欄には、上段に樹脂2の材質、角度を、下段に樹脂3の材質、角度を表記した。
【0078】
また、上記表1中の「その他」の項目は、電池構造体の外装に高分子−金属複合フィルムを用いた場合の金属フィルムの材質を表記した。
【0079】
さらに、上記表1中の「素電池の厚さ」は、図22(b)の電池構造体(素電池)の側面図に示す通りである。
【0080】
また、上記表中の上向きの矢印(↑)は、該矢印の上の欄のものと同じ内容であることを表わす。
【0081】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の構造により、従来の構造では達成し得なかったタブ部に入力する引張り応力への耐性の大きい電池構造体を得ることができ、特に振動の多い環境等で使用する電池構造体について信頼性を向上させることが可能となった。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 本実施例1の電池構造体1の模式図であって、図1(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図1(b)は、図1(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図2】 本実施例2の電池構造体2の模式図であって、図2(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図2(b)は、図2(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図3】 本実施例3の電池構造体3の模式図であって、図3(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図3(b)は、図3(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図4】 本実施例4の電池構造体4の模式図であって、図4(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図4(b)は、図4(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図5】 本実施例5の電池構造体1の模式図であって、図5(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように表わしてなる正面模式図であり、図5(b)は、図5(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図6】 本実施例6の電池構造体6の模式図であって、図6(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように表わしてなる正面模式図であり、図6(b)は、図6(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図7】 本実施例7の電池構造体7の模式図であって、図7(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図7(b)は、図7(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図8】 本実施例8の電池構造体8の模式図であって、図8(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図8(b)は、図8(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図9】 本実施例9の電池構造体9の模式図であって、図9(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図9(b)は、図9(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図10】 本実施例10の電池構造体10の模式図であって、図10(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図10(b)は、図10(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図11】 本実施例11の電池構造体11の模式図であって、図11(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図11(b)は、図11(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図12】 本実施例12の電池構造体12の模式図であって、図12(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂1にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図12(b)は、図12(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図13】 本実施例13の電池構造体13の模式図であって、図13(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂3にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図13(b)は、図13(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図14】 本比較例1、2の電池構造体の模式図であって、図14(a)は、タブと樹脂との構成が明確になるように、樹脂2にラミネートされている金属層および樹脂層を一部省略してなる正面模式図であり、図14(b)は、図14(a)のA−A断面模式図である。
【図15】 タブ部の構造の模式図であって、樹脂1の延伸方向とタブ取り出し方向との成す角度を説明した解説図面である。
【図16】 樹脂の延伸方向とタブの取り出し方向が等しい一般の場合(比較構造)と、樹脂の延伸方向とタブの取り出し方向が異なる本発明の構造(発明構造)につき、タブ部に入力する引張りに対しての伸び(elongation:mm)とタブ部の接着力(剥離強度;N/mm)の相関を示す、引張り強度のスペクトル図である。
【図17】 タブ封止部の樹脂の延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向と成す角度が45°の樹脂1、60°の樹脂2、90°の樹脂3について、タブ部に入力する引張りに対しての伸び(elongation:mm)とタブ部の接着力(剥離強度;N/mm)の相関を示す、引張り強度のスペクトル図である。
【図18】 タブに接する樹脂1以外の樹脂2の当該延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向に対して成す角度が、タブに接する樹脂1のそれよりも大きくして、タブ部に入力する引張りに対しての伸び(elongation:mm)とタブ部の接着力(剥離強度;N/mm)の相関を示す、引張り強度のスペクトル図である。
【図19】 図5(b)のタブ部周辺の断面構造の観察写真を画像表示した図面である。
【図20】 電池構造体を2個重ねて連結した際の側面模式図であって、図20(1)は、並列接続した際の側面模式図であり、図20(2)は、直列接続した際の側面模式図である。
【図21】 電池構造体を2個左右に並べて連結した際の正面模式図であって、図21(1)は、並列接続した際の正面模式図であり、図21(2)は、直列接続した際の正面模式図である。
【図22】 実施例1〜14、比較例1〜2に用いた電池構造体(素電池)の外観図であって、タブ幅、集電体幅、電池幅、電池厚さ、一般溶接部(タブ封止部)、セル本体を説明した解説図面であって、図22(a)は正面図であり、図22(b)は、側面図であり、図22(c)は、図22(a)のA−A断面図である。
【図23】 本発明の電池構造体を複数個、並列−直列に複合接続してなる組電池の外観図である。
【図24】 本発明の組電池を複数個、並列接続してなる複合組電池の外観図である。
【図25】 本発明の複合組電池を搭載した車両の模式図である。
【図26】 電池構造体のタブを封止するのに用いる延伸方向を変えた樹脂の作成法を説明してなる解説図面であって、図26(a)は、延伸方向を変えた樹脂1シートからタブに貼り付ける樹脂1を切断して作成する手順を簡便に表わした樹脂1シートの模式図であり、図26(b)は、タブに樹脂1を貼り付けた様子を表す模式図である。
【符号の説明】
3…タブ、 4…電池構造体、
5…バスバー、 6…外部ケース、
7…組電池、 8…正極端子、
9…負極端子、 10…複合組電池、
11…外部正極端子部、 12…外部負極端子部、
13…組電池正極端子連結板、 14…組電池負極端子連結板、
15…連結板、 16…固定ネジ、
17…正極絶縁カバー、 18…負極絶縁カバー、
19…車両。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a tensile resistance structure of a battery, and mainly provides a battery and its use by providing a strong structure against vibrations input from the outside and tensile stress applied when the battery is installed. This is to ensure the life of the assembled battery.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When a battery having a structure in which a tab is sealed with a resin is fixed to a holder or the like, a tab portion considered to be structurally weak in a battery having a general polymer metal composite film (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2000-223084) as an exterior There is a possibility of peeling due to the stress input to the interface between the resin and the sealing portion of the resin.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the present invention, the stress input to the tab portion, which could not be achieved with these conventional battery structures, is particularly related to a highly resistant structure, and both the anti-vibration effect for the battery structure and the prevention of performance deterioration are established. The purpose is to do.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention is to provide a battery tab structure in which the tab is sealed with at least one resin, in which the at least one or more resins are stretched in the case of uniaxial stretching or the strongest stretching in the case of multiaxial stretching. This was achieved by a battery structure characterized in that the direction in which it was applied was different from the direction in which the tab was taken out (see FIG. 1).
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail. The meanings of the symbols “+” and “−” in the AA cross-sectional schematic diagrams of FIGS. 1B to 14B are as follows.
[0006]
“+” In the figure represents a case where the resin is stretched so that the resin stretches when a tensile stress is generated in the tab take-out direction. Those without any symbol are unstretched resins. "-" Indicates that the resin is being stretched, and the resin is installed in the direction in which the resin does not stretch, that is, the direction in which the tab is taken out and the direction in which the resin is stretched. Therefore, when there are two “++”, it means that the two types of resins are both stretched and installed so that the resin is stretched when a tensile stress is generated in the tab take-out direction. Is the case. When there are two "-", the two types of resins are both stretched, and the direction in which the resin does not stretch, that is, the direction in which the tab is taken out and the direction in which the resin is stretched are installed. It represents that.
[0007]
In addition, in the top views of FIGS. 1 (a) to 4 (a) and FIGS. 7 (a) to 14 (a), in order to clearly show the extending directions of the resin 1 and the resin 2 (and the resin 3), The metal layer and resin layer laminated on the resin 2 (or resin 3 to resin 1) are omitted, and are shown in FIGS. 1 (b) to 4 (b) and 7 (b) to FIG. In FIG. 14B, these metal layers and resin layers are represented by two-dot chain lines.
[0008]
The present invention is a battery in which a tab is sealed with at least one resin, and the extending direction of the resin to be sealed needs to be different from the direction in which the tab is taken out. Referring to FIG. 12B, which is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 12A, when the tab is sealed with one or more resins, the tab portion is obtained by setting the resin 1 around the tab 3. The interface between the tab 3 and the resin 1 is peeled off, for example, when the tab of the battery structure 4 is pulled or pushed by the influence of external stress or the like. There was a case. In this case, the electrolyte solution leaks from the peeled portion, and the function of the battery is gradually deteriorated. In some cases, no voltage can be obtained.
[0009]
At this time, by making the resin sealing the tab flexible in terms of stress, it is possible to reduce the external stress input to the tab from being absorbed inside the resin and being transmitted as the peeling force at the interface with the tab. became.
[0010]
This could be achieved by setting the stretching direction when at least one resin is uniaxially stretched to a direction different from the tab take-out direction. The extending direction of the resin 1 in the schematic top view of the battery structure in FIG. 12 (a) is the direction of a single arrow, which is substantially perpendicular to the direction of taking out the tab (the direction of the white arrow in the figure). Both directions are different. In general, a film-like resin is stretched to increase the strength. By stretching the resin, the polymers in the film are aligned, and the strength increases in the direction of stretching. The film may be subjected to a two-dimensional stretching process, for example, a film stretched in two axes in the X and Y directions.
[0011]
At this time, it becomes difficult to stretch in the stretching direction due to stretching, and there is residual elongation in the unstretched direction, and it tends to stretch. The direction in which this residual elongation exists is relatively resistant to external input, and by setting the tab take-out direction in a direction that is highly resistant to external force, it has a structure that is more resistant to external force. It has been found that a battery can be formed. Therefore, the unstretched direction or the direction in which the stretching is relatively weak is a direction in which the resin is easily stretched and contracted, and is easily deformed flexibly with respect to the tension or compression of the tab portion. For this reason, the influence which external stress has on interface peeling of resin and a tab can be reduced.
[0012]
In the case where the resin is multi-stretched with two or more axes, the object of the invention can be achieved by aligning the tab take-out direction with the weakest stretch direction. Since it is difficult in manufacturing to make the stretched state exactly the same, the direction in which stretching is strong needs to be different from the direction in which the tab is taken out.
[0013]
In general, the direction in which the residual elongation exists is perpendicular to the extending direction, so the direction in which the residual elongation exists can be effectively taken out by making the extending direction different from the direction in which the tab is taken out. It becomes possible to set the direction. The direction in which the tab 3 is taken out (the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 14A) and the stretching direction of the resins 1 and 2 (the direction of the single-pointed arrow in the drawing) are the same (see FIG. 14). Since the influence on interfacial delamination becomes high, it is necessary to avoid matching at least.
[0014]
Further, since the unstretched direction has high flexibility against stress, it is also effective to seal the periphery of the tab using a completely unstretched film. However, the unstretched film has high flexibility against stress, but the strength of the film is low. Therefore, it is not appropriate to form the battery case with only one film because the rigidity is lowered. In this case, as shown in FIG. 5, the resin 1 and the resin 2 are used for the sealing portion of the tab 3, the tensile stress of the tab 3 is relieved by the resin 1 that is flexible to the stress, and the rigidity of the film is a stretched resin. 2 can also be performed. In FIG. 5, the stretching direction of the resin 2 (the direction of the one-line arrow in FIG. 5A) is made perpendicular to the direction in which the tab 3 is taken out (the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 5A). By setting the direction to the direction in which the tab 3 is taken out, the stress input to the tab 3 can be relaxed.
[0015]
Furthermore, it can be said that it is desirable that the exterior of the battery structure is a polymer-metal film. This is because by laminating a metal foil such as aluminum or other resin on a part of the lamination of the film, it is possible to increase the film strength while maintaining the resistance against the stress input to the tab.
[0016]
The difference in the stretching direction of the resin can be confirmed by observing the cross section. When the stretching direction is the same, the presence of the two types of resins cannot be confirmed even by cross-sectional observation. However, when the stretching directions are different, the presence of the two types of resins can be confirmed by cross-sectional observation. FIG. 19 shows a cross-sectional observation photograph of the battery structure 4 of FIG.
[0017]
FIG. 16 shows a correlation between the elongation (elongation: mm) with respect to the tensile force input to the tab portion and the adhesive strength (peel strength; N / mm) of the tab portion. In the general case where the extending direction of the resin is equal to the taking-out direction of the tab (comparative structure in the figure), it can be seen that the tab adhesive portion hardly extends when the tab is pulled. For this reason, when the tensile width by external force is large, the tab part cannot absorb the displacement, and there is a high possibility of peeling. On the other hand, the structure of the present invention (invention structure in the figure) in which the extending direction of the resin and the taking-out direction of the tab are different can flexibly cope with the displacement of the tab portion with respect to the external input. It can be seen that the tab absorbs the displacement and the tab and the resin do not peel even to some extent.
[0018]
In addition, since the stretched resin may slightly lower the adhesiveness of the resin, there are optimum conditions from the viewpoint of adhesiveness and resistance to external force while maintaining the strength of the film, but there is no particular limitation here.
[0019]
It is desirable that the resin stretching direction is in the range of 45 to 90 ° with respect to the tab take-out direction. A schematic diagram of this is shown in FIG. When the resin 1 is bonded to the tab 3, the stretching direction of the resin 1 is 45 to 45 when the taking-out direction of the tab 3 (the direction of the white arrow in the figure) is the X axis and the length direction of the resin 1 is the Y axis. An angle range of 90 ° is desirable. This is because in the range of 0 to 45 °, the ratio of the residual elongation of the resin 1 is small, and the resin 1 may not sufficiently stretch with respect to the input external force. FIG. 17 shows the relationship between tension and displacement at this time. The resin 1 in FIG. 17 has an angle formed by the resin stretching direction and the tab take-out direction of 45 °, the resin 2 in FIG. 17 is 60 °, and the resin 3 in FIG. 17 is 90 °. It can be seen that the elongation decreases as the angle between the resin stretching direction and the tab take-out direction decreases. This is considered to indicate that the smaller the angle formed, the smaller the vector component in the take-out direction of the residual elongation tab.
[0020]
Further, since the angle range is shown in a symmetrical manner, 90 to 135 ° in FIG. 15 is the same as 0 to 45 °, and 0 to 45 ° is the same as 135 to 180 °.
[0021]
FIG. 26 shows a schematic diagram of battery production in the case where the angle formed by the extending direction of the resin and the direction of taking out the tab is 60 °. The stretched resin 1 sheet is cut at a surface having an angle of 60 ° with respect to the stretching direction (direction of a single arrow) as shown in FIG. Then, it is pasted on the tab 3 as shown in FIG. At this time, the stretching direction of the resin 1 sheet may be manufactured in advance so as to have an angle, but is not particularly limited. The tab 3 to which the resin 1 is attached is bonded to an exterior resin (not shown) to manufacture a battery structure. A more preferable angle range is 60 to 90 °.
[0022]
Of the at least two or more resin groups sealing the tab, the angle formed by the stretching direction of the resin other than the one resin in contact with the tab with respect to the tab take-out direction X is that of the one resin in contact with the tab ( = It is desirable that the stretching direction is larger than the angle formed with respect to the tab take-out direction X).
[0023]
This relates to the resin 1 installed on the tab 3 as shown in FIG. 15, and the resin 1 having the maximum angle between the extending direction and the tab take-out direction is formed by laminating the resins 1 and 2 as shown in FIG. Among the resins to be compared, the residual elongation with respect to tension in the tab take-out direction (the direction of the white arrow in FIG. 11 (a)) increases, so when a tensile stress is applied to the tab, the resin 1 Will grow the most. At this time, since the interface between the tab 3 and the resin 1 is a part where peeling occurs when stress is applied, it is desirable that the interface does not extend as much as possible with respect to the interface between the other resin 1 and the resin 2. For this reason, when the resins 1 and 2 are laminated, it is desirable that the elongation of the resin 1 having the interface with the tab 3 is not the largest as compared with the other resins 2.
[0024]
In FIG. 11, the resin 1 is set around the tab, the resin having an interface with the tab 3 is used, and the resin 2 is another resin. Since the angle is large, when a tensile stress is input to the tab 3, the resin 2 is relatively stretched, and the resin 1 around the tab has a small stretch. The amplitude-stress diagram at this time is as shown in FIG. 18, and it can be confirmed that the resin 2 is stretched and then the resin 1 is stretched.
[0025]
When comparing by angle, the unstretched resin has the most residual elongation, so it is considered to have the largest angle.
[0026]
It is desirable that at least two or more resin groups for sealing the tab are selected from polypropylene, modified polypropylene, polyethylene, and modified polyethylene. This is because these polymers have relatively good adhesion to the metal when bonded to the metal of the tab and are suitable as a sealing material because the resin can be easily stretched. Similarly, at least one resin for sealing the tab is desirably selected from polypropylene, modified polypropylene, polyethylene, and modified polyethylene.
[0027]
The material of the tab is preferably selected from Ni, Cu, Al, and Fe. These tab metals are suitable for battery structures because of their resistance, linear expansion coefficient, and specific resistance, and they are suitable because they can suppress the generation of stress to the sealing resin when the operating temperature is changed. Because.
[0028]
It is desirable that the maximum thickness of the battery structure is 1 to 10 mm. This is because when the maximum thickness of the battery structure exceeds 10 mm, heat tends to be trapped inside the unit cell (battery structure), and due to the relationship between the linear expansion coefficient of the tab and the resin, the interface between the tab and the resin This is because the possibility of transmitting stress increases. This is because the possibility of further affecting the thermal deterioration of the battery is increased.
[0029]
In addition, in a battery structure having a maximum thickness of less than 1 mm, even if the positive electrode and negative electrode layers are thinned, the capacity cannot be obtained, so it cannot be said that the efficiency is economically high.
[0030]
The positive electrode material of the unit cell (battery structure) is desirably a Li—Mn-based composite oxide, and the negative electrode material of the unit cell is desirably selected from a crystalline carbon material and an amorphous carbon material. This is because these materials are relatively easy to dissipate the heat generated in the battery, and the heat transfer to the tab portion extends the tab, and the possibility of applying a tensile stress to the interface between the tab and the resin is reduced. A more preferable thickness range is 3 to 6 mm.
[0031]
An assembled battery in which at least two or more battery structures are connected in parallel and at least one group is connected in parallel, and the parallel connection form is such that the battery structures are stacked and the stacked positive and negative electrode tabs are welded respectively. It is desirable to construct
[0032]
In an assembled battery in which battery structures are stacked and the number of stacked positive and negative electrode tabs is welded, parallel connection (parallel connection) connects positive electrodes and negative electrodes as shown in FIG. (Refer to the connection parts A and B in FIG. 20 (1)). Therefore, the stress is applied in the same phase with respect to the intrusion of the tensile stress from the outside. small. This is because the tab metal is generally different from the positive electrode and the negative electrode, and the reaction to stress is slightly different between the positive electrode and the negative electrode in joining different metals and resins. At this time, since the elongation with respect to the tension is slightly different, it can be said that a parallel joint that can obtain the same response as much as possible is desirable. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 20 (2), in the case of series connection (series connection), the positive and negative electrodes are always connected (refer to the connection part on the B side in FIG. 20 (2)). The stress-elongation response is different and the torsional force tends to enter the interface between the resin and the tab.
[0033]
There are at least one group in which at least two unit cells (battery structures) are connected in parallel, and there are at least one group connected in parallel. It is also desirable to construct an assembled battery that is welded to a single bus bar.
[0034]
In an assembled battery in which battery structures are arranged side by side and a plurality of positive electrode and negative electrode tabs are welded to a single bus bar, as shown in FIG. 21 (1), parallel connection (parallel connection) Since the negative electrodes are welded to and connected to the bus bar 5 (see the connection parts A and B in FIG. 21 (1)), stress is applied in the same phase against vibration intrusion from the outside. The possibility that the resin interface peels off is small. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 21 (2), the series connection (series connection) is welded to the bus bar 5 so that the positive electrode-negative electrode connection always occurs (see the connection part on the B side in FIG. 21 (2)). Therefore, the torsional force easily enters the interface between the tab and the resin.
[0035]
In these connection structures, it is most preferable that all the connections of the unit cells (battery structures) in the assembled battery are in parallel, but the effect of the present invention is obtained if at least one or more.
[0036]
In the assembled battery according to the present invention, for example, as shown in FIG. 23, the positive and negative electrodes of four unit cells (battery structures) 4 are stacked, and the positive and negative tabs are stacked. Connect in parallel with each other in the form of welding. The battery cells (battery structures) connected in parallel in this way are further arranged in the left and right, and six sets of positive and negative electrode tabs are welded to one bus bar in series and connected in series. Can be housed in the outer case 6 to form an assembled battery 7. The positive terminal 8 and the negative terminal 9 of the assembled battery 7 provided on the outer case 6 and the tab 3 of each unit cell (battery structure) 4 are connected to the lead wires for the positive and negative terminals of the assembled battery 7 (see FIG. (Not shown). However, the assembled battery of the present invention should not be limited to those described here, and conventionally known ones can be appropriately employed. In addition, the assembled battery may be provided with various measuring devices and control devices depending on the intended use. For example, the external case 6 may be provided with a voltage measuring connector for monitoring the battery voltage. There is no particular limitation such as good.
[0037]
It is very effective to form a composite battery pack by connecting at least two or more battery packs of the present invention (see FIG. 23) in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel. This is because the capacity and voltage suitable for the purpose of use can be formed by the combination of the assembled batteries. Although it is possible to form an appropriate capacity or the like with the battery as it is, the number of connections is extremely increased, so that there is a high possibility that the entire assembled battery is deteriorated due to deterioration of one cell. Therefore, it is desirable to form an assembled battery with a certain appropriate number of batteries and then combine the plurality of assembled batteries to form a final composite assembled battery. FIG. 24 shows a composite battery pack in which the battery pack of FIG.
[0038]
As shown in FIG. 24, in order to connect the above-described assembled battery 7 in parallel to form a composite assembled battery 10, the positive terminal 8 and the negative terminal 9 of the assembled battery provided in each external case 6 are externally connected. The battery pack is electrically connected using a battery pack positive electrode terminal connection plate 13 and a battery pack negative electrode terminal connection plate 14 each having a positive electrode terminal portion 11 and an external negative electrode terminal portion 12. In addition, a connecting plate 15 having an opening corresponding to the fixing screw hole is fixed to each screw hole (not shown) provided on both side surfaces of each outer case 6 with a fixing screw 16, and each assembled battery. 7 is connected. Further, the positive electrode terminal 8 and the negative electrode terminal 9 of each assembled battery 7 are protected by a positive electrode insulating cover 17 and a negative electrode insulating cover 18, respectively, and are identified by color-coding them into appropriate colors, for example, red and blue.
[0039]
It is very effective to apply the assembled battery and composite assembled battery of the present invention for automobiles (see FIG. 25). This is because it has an effect of preventing peeling of the interface between the tab and the resin due to vibration generated in the automobile when used in an automobile. In the case of a vehicle, a large number of batteries are used. However, if even one of them is peeled off at the interface between the tab and the resin, there is a high possibility that the entire composite battery pack for the vehicle becomes unusable. Thus, the battery of the present invention is particularly effective as a battery used in a place where high sealing reliability of the battery should be ensured.
[0040]
In the present invention, as shown in FIG. 25, it is convenient to install the composite battery pack 10 under the seat at the center of the vehicle body of the vehicle 19 such as EV, HEV, or FCV because a large in-house space and a trunk room can be obtained. However, the present invention should not be limited to these, and may be mounted in the lower part of the rear trunk room, or if the engine is not mounted like EV or FCV, the engine in front of the vehicle body is mounted. It can also be mounted on parts that have been used. In the present invention, not only the composite battery pack but also the battery pack 7 may be mounted depending on the intended use, or these battery packs and / or composite battery packs may be mounted in appropriate combinations. Also good. Further, as the vehicle on which the assembled battery and / or the composite assembled battery of the present invention can be mounted, the EV, HEV, and FCV are preferable, but are not limited thereto.
[0041]
【Example】
EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example demonstrates this invention still in detail, this invention is not limited by this.
[0042]
Example 1
The outer shape is as shown in FIG. 22, the resin structure of the tab portion is as shown in FIG. 1, the positive electrode tab is Al (aluminum), the negative electrode tab is Ni (nickel), and the resin 1 of the tab sealing portion is uniaxially stretched PP. The polymer-metal composite film in which the resin 2 is made of unstretched PP, the resin 1, the resin 2, and Al are laminated, the Li—Mn composite oxide, the negative electrode is used as the positive electrode material A battery structure 1 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was prepared using an amorphous carbon material as a material.
[0043]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 1 was performed, it was confirmed that 75% elongation was allowed with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0044]
Example 2
The structure of the resin in the tab part is shown in FIG. 2, the positive electrode tab is Al, the negative electrode tab is Cu, the resin 1 in the tab sealing part is biaxially stretched PP, and the angle formed by the direction in which strong stretching is applied and the tab take-out direction A battery structure 2 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle was 90 °.
[0045]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 2 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 50% for the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0046]
Example 3
The structure of the resin of the tab portion is as shown in FIG. 3, the resin 1 of the tab sealing portion is uniaxially stretched PP, the angle formed with the tab takeout direction is 90 °, the resin 2 is uniaxially stretched PP, and the tab takeout direction A battery structure 3 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle formed by was set to 0 °.
[0047]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 3 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 38% elongation relative to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0048]
Example 4
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is shown in FIG. 4, the resin 1 in the tab sealing portion is uniaxially stretched PP, the angle formed with the tab take-out direction is 90 °, the resin 2 is biaxially stretched PP, and strong stretching is applied. A battery structure 4 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle formed by the direction in which the direction was formed and the tab take-out direction was 0 °.
[0049]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 4 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 25% elongation relative to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0050]
Example 5
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is shown in FIG. 5, the resin 1 in the tab sealing portion is non-stretched PE, the resin 2 is uniaxially stretched PE, and the angle formed by the extending direction and the tab take-out direction is 90 °. A battery structure 5 having a battery thickness of 8 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a polymer film in which the resins 1 and 2 were laminated was used.
[0051]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 5 was performed, it was confirmed that 80% elongation was allowed with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0052]
Example 6
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is shown in FIG. 6, the resin 1 in the tab sealing portion is non-stretched PE, the resin 2 is biaxially stretched PE, and the angle formed by the direction in which strong stretching is applied with the tab take-out direction is 90 A battery structure 6 having a battery thickness of 8 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 5 except that the angle was set to °.
[0053]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 6 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 60% with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0054]
Example 7
The structure of the resin of the tab portion is as shown in FIG. 7, the positive electrode tab is Al, the negative electrode tab is Fe, the resin 1 of the tab sealing portion is PP modified with uniaxially drawn acid, and the angle formed with the tab take-out direction is 90 °. A battery structure 7 having a battery thickness of 5 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the resin 2 was uniaxially stretched PE and the angle formed with the tab take-out direction was 90 °.
[0055]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 7 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 33% with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0056]
Example 8
The structure of the resin of the tab portion is as shown in FIG. 8, the resin 1 of the tab sealing portion is PE modified with biaxially-stretched acid, and the angle formed by the direction in which strong stretching is applied with the tab take-out direction is 90 °. A battery structure 8 having a battery thickness of 5 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 2 was uniaxially stretched PE and the angle formed with the tab take-out direction was 90 °.
[0057]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 8 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 17% for the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0058]
Example 9
The structure of the resin of the tab part is as shown in FIG. 9, the resin 1 of the tab sealing part is PP modified with uniaxially-stretched acid, and the angle formed by the direction in which strong stretching is applied with the tab take-out direction is 45 °. A battery structure 9 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that 2 was non-stretched PE.
[0059]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 9 was performed, it was confirmed that there was an allowance for 50% elongation relative to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0060]
Example 10
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is shown in FIG. 10, the resin 1 in the tab sealing portion is PP modified with non-stretched acid, the resin 2 is uniaxially stretched PE, and the stretched direction is the tab take-out direction. A battery structure 10 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle was 45 °.
[0061]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 10 was performed, it was confirmed that 38% elongation was allowed with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0062]
Example 11
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is shown in FIG. 11, the resin 1 in the tab sealing portion is PP modified with uniaxially stretched acid, the angle formed by the stretched direction and the tab take-out direction is 45 °, and the resin 2 Was made into uniaxially stretched PE, and a battery structure 11 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the angle formed between the stretched direction and the tab take-out direction was 80 °.
[0063]
Moreover, when the tensile test of this battery structure 11 was carried out, it was confirmed that there was an allowance of 25% with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0064]
Example 12
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is shown in FIG. 12, the resin in the tab sealing portion is uniaxially stretched PP, the angle formed between the stretched direction and the tab take-out direction is 90 °, and the resin and Al are laminated. A battery structure 12 having a battery thickness of 2 mm was produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the molecular metal composite film was applied.
[0065]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 12 was performed, it was confirmed that 13% elongation was allowed with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0066]
Example 13
The structure of the resin of the tab portion is as shown in FIG. 13, the resin 1 of the tab sealing portion is PP modified with uniaxially stretched acid, the angle formed by the stretched direction and the tab take-out direction is 45 °, and the resin 2 Is uniaxially stretched PP, the angle formed by the stretched direction with the tab take-out direction is 60 °, the resin 3 is uniaxially stretched PP, and the stretched direction is made 80 ° with the tab take-out direction. A battery structure 13 having a battery thickness of 4 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the polymer metal composite film in which the resins 1 and 2 were laminated on the tab portion and the resin 3 and Al were laminated was applied. did.
[0067]
Further, when a tensile test of the battery structure 13 was performed, it was confirmed that 50% elongation was allowed with respect to the reference. Moreover, when the sealing part of the tab was confirmed after the vibration test, no separation was confirmed between the tab and the resin.
[0068]
Comparative Example 1
The structure of the resin of the tab part is as shown in FIG. 14, the resin 1 of the tab sealing part is uniaxially stretched PP, the angle formed by the stretched direction and the tab take-out direction is 0 °, and the resin 2 is uniaxially stretched A battery structure with a battery thickness of 4 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that PP was used and the angle formed between the extending direction and the tab take-out direction was 0 °.
[0069]
When this battery structure was subjected to a vibration test and then the sealing portion of the tab was confirmed, peeling occurred between the tab and the resin.
[0070]
Comparative Example 2
The structure of the resin in the tab portion is as shown in FIG. 14, the resin 1 in the tab sealing portion is uniaxially stretched PE, the angle between the stretched direction and the tab take-out direction is 0 °, and the resin 2 is uniaxially stretched A battery structure having a battery thickness of 4 mm was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that PE was used and the angle formed between the extending direction and the tab take-out direction was 0 °.
[0071]
When this battery structure was subjected to a vibration test and then the sealing portion of the tab was confirmed, peeling occurred between the tab and the resin.
[0072]
Test example
The following experiments were performed on the battery structures obtained in Examples 1 to 13 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2.
[0073]
1. Tensile test
The tab of the battery structure and the exterior film body were tested in accordance with the tensile strength test method described in JIS K 6830 (Testing method for automotive sealing material). Here, the elongation amount was calculated from the stress-displacement graph during the tensile test. Elongation ratio (represented as “pole length ratio” in the items of Table 1 below) when the standard is a sample in which the drawing direction of the resin material of each example is aligned with the tab take-out direction is calculated in% did.
[0074]
2. Vibration test
The battery structures obtained in the examples were subjected to vibration in accordance with JIS K 6385 (anti-vibration rubber test method) for 20 hours. The subsequent battery structure was confirmed visually and from the odor of the electrolyte, and the presence or absence of peeling of the tab and the resin was confirmed. In Table 1 below, the case where peeling was not confirmed between the tab and the resin was indicated by ◯, and the case where peeling occurred between the tab and the resin was indicated by ×.
[0075]
The test results are shown in Table 1 below.
[0076]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004096643
[0077]
The columns of Resin 1 and Resin 2 in Table 1 are shown in order from the left, in the order of the material and the angle formed by the resin stretching direction and the tab take-out direction. When the resin was biaxially stretched, the angle formed by the direction in which strong stretching was applied and the tab take-out direction was used, and # was added after the angle. When the resin was not stretched, the angle was indicated as “none”. In the column of resin 2 in Example 13, the material and angle of the resin 2 are shown in the upper row, and the material and angle of the resin 3 are shown in the lower row.
[0078]
Moreover, the item “others” in Table 1 described the material of the metal film when the polymer-metal composite film is used for the exterior of the battery structure.
[0079]
Further, “unit cell thickness” in Table 1 is as shown in the side view of the battery structure (unit cell) in FIG.
[0080]
Further, the upward arrow (↑) in the above table indicates the same content as that in the column above the arrow.
[0081]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the structure of the present invention, it is possible to obtain a battery structure having a high resistance to the tensile stress input to the tab portion that could not be achieved by the conventional structure, and is used particularly in an environment where there is a lot of vibration. It has become possible to improve the reliability of the battery structure.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 1 of Example 1, in which FIG. 1 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on a resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear. FIG. 1B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 1B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 2 of Example 2, in which FIG. 2 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on the resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear. FIG. 2B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 2B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 3 of Example 3, in which FIG. 3 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on a resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear; FIG. 3B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 3B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 4 of Example 4, in which FIG. 4 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on a resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear; FIG. 4B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 4B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
5 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure 1 of the fifth embodiment, and FIG. 5 (a) is a schematic front view showing the structure of the tab and the resin clearly. FIG. (B) is the AA cross-section schematic diagram of Fig.5 (a).
6 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure 6 of Example 6, in which FIG. 6 (a) is a schematic front view showing the structure of the tab and the resin clearly, FIG. (B) is the AA cross-section schematic diagram of Fig.6 (a).
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 7 of Example 7, in which FIG. 7 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on a resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear. FIG. 7B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 7B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 8 of Example 8, in which FIG. 8 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on the resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear; FIG. 8B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 8B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 9 is a schematic view of the battery structure 9 of Example 9, in which FIG. 9 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on the resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear; FIG. 9B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 9B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
10 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure 10 of Example 10, and FIG. 10 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on the resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin becomes clear. FIG. 10B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 10B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
11 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 11 of Example 11, and FIG. 11 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on a resin 2 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin becomes clear. FIG. 11B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 11B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
12 is a schematic diagram of the battery structure 12 of Example 12, and FIG. 12 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on the resin 1 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear. FIG. 12B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 12B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG.
FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram of a battery structure 13 of Example 13, in which FIG. 13 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on the resin 3 and a resin layer so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear; FIG. 13B is a schematic front view in which a part of the resin layer is omitted, and FIG. 13B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram of battery structures of Comparative Examples 1 and 2, in which FIG. 14 (a) shows a metal layer laminated on resin 2 so that the structure of the tab and the resin is clear. And FIG. 14B is a schematic cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 14A.
FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the tab portion, and is an explanatory drawing explaining an angle formed between the extending direction of the resin 1 and the tab take-out direction.
FIG. 16: Input to the tab portion for the general case (comparison structure) in which the resin stretching direction is the same as the tab take-out direction and the structure of the present invention (invention structure) in which the resin stretching direction and the tab take-out direction are different. It is a spectrum figure of the tensile strength which shows the correlation of the elongation (elongation: mm) with respect to tension, and the adhesive force (peeling strength; N / mm) of a tab part.
FIG. 17 is a diagram illustrating a tensile force input to a tab portion with respect to a resin 1 having a 45 ° angle, a resin 2 having a 60 ° angle, and a resin 3 having a 90 ° angle formed by an extending direction of a resin in a tab sealing portion with a tab taking-out direction It is a spectrum figure of the tensile strength which shows the correlation of the elongation (elongation: mm) of a tab, and the adhesive force (peeling strength; N / mm) of a tab part.
FIG. 18 shows that the angle formed by the extending direction of the resin 2 other than the resin 1 in contact with the tab with respect to the take-out direction of the tab is larger than that of the resin 1 in contact with the tab, It is a spectrum figure of the tensile strength which shows the correlation of all elongation (elongation: mm) and the adhesive force (peeling strength; N / mm) of a tab part.
FIG. 19 is an image display of an observation photograph of the cross-sectional structure around the tab portion in FIG.
FIG. 20 is a schematic side view when two battery structures are stacked and connected, FIG. 20 (1) is a schematic side view when connected in parallel, and FIG. 20 (2) is a series connection; FIG.
FIG. 21 is a schematic front view when two battery structures are connected side by side, FIG. 21 (1) is a schematic front view when connected in parallel, and FIG. 21 (2) is a series connection; It is a front schematic diagram at the time of connection.
22 is an external view of a battery structure (unit cell) used in Examples 1 to 14 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, and includes a tab width, a current collector width, a battery width, a battery thickness, and a general welded portion. FIG. 22A is a front view, FIG. 22B is a side view, and FIG. 22C is FIG. It is AA sectional drawing of (a).
FIG. 23 is an external view of an assembled battery formed by combining a plurality of battery structures of the present invention in parallel-series.
FIG. 24 is an external view of a composite assembled battery formed by connecting a plurality of assembled batteries of the present invention in parallel.
FIG. 25 is a schematic view of a vehicle equipped with the composite battery pack of the present invention.
FIG. 26 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a method for producing a resin having a different stretching direction used for sealing the tab of the battery structure, and FIG. FIG. 26 is a schematic diagram of a resin 1 sheet that simply represents a procedure for cutting and creating the resin 1 to be attached to the tab from the sheet, and FIG. 26B is a schematic diagram illustrating a state in which the resin 1 is attached to the tab. is there.
[Explanation of symbols]
3 ... tab, 4 ... battery structure,
5 ... Bus bar, 6 ... External case,
7 ... assembled battery, 8 ... positive terminal,
9 ... negative electrode terminal, 10 ... composite battery pack,
11: External positive terminal portion, 12: External negative terminal portion,
13 ... assembled battery positive terminal connecting plate, 14 ... assembled battery negative terminal connecting plate,
15 ... Connecting plate, 16 ... Fixing screw,
17 ... Positive electrode insulation cover, 18 ... Negative electrode insulation cover,
19 ... Vehicle.

Claims (13)

タブを少なくとも1以上の樹脂によって封止する電池のタブ構造において、
前記タブを封止する少なくとも1以上の樹脂が1軸延伸の場合の延伸方向、若しくは複数軸延伸の場合の最も強い延伸がかかっている方向が、タブの取り出し方向と異なっていることを特徴とする電池構造体。
In the tab structure of the battery in which the tab is sealed with at least one resin,
The at least one or more resins for sealing the tab is characterized in that the stretching direction in the case of uniaxial stretching, or the direction in which the strongest stretching is applied in the case of multiaxial stretching is different from the tab take-out direction. Battery structure.
電池構造体の外装が高分子金属フィルムであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載の電池構造体。The battery structure according to claim 1, wherein the battery structure is made of a polymer metal film. 前記タブを封止する1軸延伸樹脂の延伸方向、若しくは前記タブを封止する複数軸延伸樹脂の最も強い延伸がかかっている方向が、タブの取り出し方向に対し、45〜90°の範囲にあることを特徴とする請求項1または2記載の電池構造体。 The direction of stretching of the uniaxially stretched resin that seals the tab or the direction in which the strongest stretching of the multiaxially stretched resin that seals the tab is applied is in the range of 45 to 90 ° with respect to the direction of taking out the tab. The battery structure according to claim 1, wherein the battery structure is provided. タブを封止する少なくとも2以上の樹脂群の中で、タブに接する1の樹脂以外の樹脂の当該延伸方向がタブの取り出し方向に対して成す角度が、タブに接する1の樹脂のそれよりも大きいことを特徴とする請求項1〜3のいずれか1項に記載の電池構造体。Of the at least two or more resin groups that seal the tab, the angle formed by the stretching direction of the resin other than the one resin in contact with the tab with respect to the tab take-out direction is larger than that of the one resin in contact with the tab. The battery structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the battery structure is large. 前記樹脂または樹脂群が、ポリプロピレン、変性ポリプロピレン、ポリエチレンおよび変性ポリエチレンから選ばれる少なくとも1種または2種以上であることを特徴とする請求項1〜4のいずれか1項に記載の電池構造体。5. The battery structure according to claim 1, wherein the resin or the resin group is at least one selected from polypropylene, modified polypropylene, polyethylene, and modified polyethylene. タブの材質が、Ni、Cu、AlおよびFeから選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1〜5のいずれか1項に記載の電池構造体。The battery structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein a material of the tab is selected from Ni, Cu, Al, and Fe. 電池構造体の最大厚さが、1〜10mmであることを特徴とする請求項1〜6のいずれか1項に記載の電池構造体。The battery structure according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the maximum thickness of the battery structure is 1 to 10 mm. 電池構造体の正極材が、Li−Mn系複合酸化物であることを特徴とする請求項1〜7のいずれか1項に記載の電池構造体。The battery structure according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the positive electrode material of the battery structure is a Li-Mn composite oxide. 電池構造体の負極材が、結晶性炭素材、非結晶性炭素材から選ばれることを特徴とする請求項1〜8のいずれか1項に記載の電池構造体。The battery structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the negative electrode material of the battery structure is selected from a crystalline carbon material and an amorphous carbon material. 請求項1〜9に記載の電池構造体を少なくとも2つ以上、並列に接続したグループが少なくとも1以上存在し、その並列の接続形式が、電池構造体を重ね、積層枚数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ溶着する形式であることを特徴とする組電池。10. At least two or more battery structures according to claim 1 connected in parallel, and at least one group connected in parallel, the parallel connection form is a stack of battery structures, stacked positive and negative tabs A battery pack characterized by being welded. 請求項1〜9に記載の電池構造体を少なくとも2つ以上、並列に接続したグループが少なくとも1以上存在し、その並列の接続形式が、電池構造体を左右に並べ、複数の正極、負極のタブをそれぞれ1枚のバスバーに溶着する形式であることを特徴とする組電池。At least two or more battery structures according to claim 1 are connected in parallel, and there are at least one group connected in parallel. An assembled battery characterized in that each tab is welded to one bus bar. 請求項10および/または11に記載の組電池を少なくとも2以上直列、並列、または直列と並列に複合接続したことを特徴とする複合組電池。A composite assembled battery comprising at least two or more of the assembled batteries according to claim 10 and / or 11 connected in series, in parallel, or in series and parallel. 請求項10〜12に記載の組電池および複合組電池の少なくとも1つを搭載してなることを特徴とする車両。A vehicle comprising at least one of the assembled battery and the composite assembled battery according to claim 10.
JP2002185056A 2002-06-25 2002-06-25 Battery structure Expired - Fee Related JP4096643B2 (en)

Priority Applications (1)

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JP5286730B2 (en) * 2007-09-28 2013-09-11 大日本印刷株式会社 Flat electrochemical cell
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JP6135628B2 (en) * 2014-09-22 2017-05-31 株式会社豊田自動織機 Power storage device
JP6606834B2 (en) * 2015-03-05 2019-11-20 株式会社Gsユアサ Storage element and lead terminal
CN114923769A (en) * 2022-05-24 2022-08-19 湖北亿纬动力有限公司 Method and device for determining stretching state of battery tab

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