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JP4097646B2 - Concrete wall - Google Patents
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JP4097646B2 - Concrete wall - Google Patents

Concrete wall Download PDF

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JP4097646B2
JP4097646B2 JP2004313055A JP2004313055A JP4097646B2 JP 4097646 B2 JP4097646 B2 JP 4097646B2 JP 2004313055 A JP2004313055 A JP 2004313055A JP 2004313055 A JP2004313055 A JP 2004313055A JP 4097646 B2 JP4097646 B2 JP 4097646B2
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concrete wall
wall
concrete
embedded
steel
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JP2006125002A (en
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勝儀 得永
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建設ソフトウェア株式会社
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Description

この発明は、従来のコンクリート擁壁の代わりに用いる土留擁壁で、一般的には傾斜地に宅地造成を行う場合、或いは道路などを作る場合に地盤高さの調整に用いられるコンクリート壁に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a retaining wall used in place of a conventional concrete retaining wall, and generally relates to a concrete wall used for adjusting the ground height when building a residential land on an inclined land or when creating a road or the like. is there.

従来の土留擁壁は、例えば図21のような構造が一般的で、たて壁7、かかと版8、つま先版9から成り、地盤が悪い場合は杭10で壁を支持する方法がとられていた。   For example, a conventional retaining wall has a structure as shown in FIG. 21 and is composed of a vertical wall 7, a heel plate 8, and a toe plate 9. When the ground is bad, a method of supporting the wall with a pile 10 is used. It was.

このような構造物を作るには、現場において土砂の掘削、整地、くい打ち、均しコンクリートの打設、型枠組立て、配筋、躯体コンクリートの打設、型枠の取り外し等多くの工程と手順を踏んでようやく出来上がる。   In order to make such a structure, there are many processes such as excavation of earth and sand, leveling, pile driving, placing of leveled concrete, formwork assembly, bar arrangement, placing of concrete, and removal of formwork. The steps are finally completed.

また、その後にも、かかと版のうしろに土砂の埋戻しを何層にも分けて転圧しながら行うのが一般的であり、多くの人手と長期にわたる工期、高い費用を要していた。
特開10−292398(図1) 特開2002−038499(図1) 「道路土工 擁壁工指針 第4〜5頁、第10〜14頁平成11年3月 社団法人日本道路協会」
Also, after that, it was common to carry out backfilling of earth and sand in several layers behind the heel plate while rolling, requiring a lot of manpower, a long construction period, and high costs.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-292398 (FIG. 1) JP 2002-038499 (FIG. 1) “Road Earth Work Retaining Wall Guidelines 4-5, 10-14 March 1999 Japan Road Association”

したがって、いままでに各コンクリート製品メーカーも研究を重ね、擁壁そのものの製品化には成功し、市場に出廻っているが、くいが必要な地盤の擁壁では根本的な工期、費用の縮減には至ってない。
なお、これらの問題点を箇条書に整理すると次のようになる。
(イ)工事期間つまり施工に要する期間は、従来工法では最低でも40日程度必要とした。
(ロ)通常、地盤が軟弱で沈下の恐れがある場合には、従来の土留め擁壁を示す図21で説明すると、たて壁7およびかかと版8、つま先版9と上に乗る土の重量を杭10で支えるように設計していたため、たて壁7の重量を支えるだけの杭より4〜5倍の重量を支えていた。
(ハ)本来の土留壁のみであれば必要な用地幅は壁厚さだけでいいが、かかと版8とつま先9の幅の用地が必要であった
(ニ)土留壁が不要となり撤去したい時には、従来は土を掘り返して擁壁を破砕し、産業廃棄物として処分するのが実情であった。
本発明は、従来の問題点を解決し且つ発明の目的を達成するために提供するものである。
Therefore, each concrete product maker has been researching so far and has succeeded in commercializing the retaining wall itself, and it is on the market. However, in the retaining wall of the ground that requires piles, the fundamental construction period and cost reduction It has not reached.
In addition, these problems are organized into bullets as follows.
(B) The construction period, that is, the period required for construction, is at least about 40 days in the conventional construction method.
(B) Normally, when the ground is soft and there is a risk of subsidence, it will be explained with reference to FIG. 21 showing a conventional retaining wall. The vertical wall 7 and the heel plate 8, the toe plate 9 and the soil on the top Since the weight was designed to be supported by the pile 10, it supported 4 to 5 times the weight of the pile that only supported the weight of the vertical wall 7.
(C) If only the original retaining wall is required, the necessary land width is only the wall thickness, but a site with the width of the heel plate 8 and toe 9 was necessary. (D) When the retaining wall is no longer needed and you want to remove it. In the past, the actual situation was to dig up the soil, crush the retaining wall, and dispose of it as industrial waste.
The present invention is provided to solve the conventional problems and achieve the object of the invention.

本発明の第1はコンクリート壁において、縦長で長方形を成すコンクリート壁体の片面にH型鋼製杭体のフランジの片方を当該フランジ頭頂部をコンクリート壁体頂部より少し低い位置で埋め込んで一体すると共に、下部をコンクリート壁体の下辺より延長させ、当該コンクリート壁体とH型鋼製杭体とで合成構造にし、コンクリート壁体の両側端辺に目地を設けたものである。 In the first concrete wall of the present invention, the flange of one of the H-type steel pile body on one side of the concrete wall forming a rectangle together embed the flange top portion at a position slightly lower than a concrete wall top in portrait In addition, the lower part is extended from the lower side of the concrete wall body, a composite structure is formed by the concrete wall body and the H-shaped steel pile body, and joints are provided on both side edges of the concrete wall body.

本発明の第2はコンクリート壁において、内部に鉄筋を設けてあるコンクリート壁体の片面に型鋼製杭体又は円柱形の鋼製杭体に一体に設けた棒状の掛止部材を埋め込んで鉄筋に接合して一体とし、型鋼製杭体又は円柱形の杭体の頭頂部をコンクリート壁体頂部より少し低い位置にして一体にすると共に、下部をコンクリート壁体の下辺より延長させ、コンクリート壁体の両側端辺に目地を設け、且つ、コンクリート壁体と当該杭体との合成構造にしたものである。
The second aspect of the present invention is a concrete wall, in which a reinforcing bar is embedded by embedding a rod-shaped hook member integrally provided in a steel pile body or a cylindrical steel pile body on one side of a concrete wall body in which a reinforcing bar is provided. To make the steel steel pile or columnar pile heads a little lower than the top of the concrete wall body, and extend the lower part from the lower side of the concrete wall body. Joints are provided on both side edges of the body, and a composite structure of the concrete wall body and the pile body is provided.

本発明の効果を次の通りである。
(イ)工事期間つまり、施工時間は従来の方法に比べて約2分の1から3分の1で済む。
(ロ)土の重量を支えるための杭の必要がないので構造的な無駄がない。
(ハ)壁の厚さ程度の用地しか必要としないため用地費用の節約および用地の有効活用が可能である。
(ニ)壁を設置後、壁が不要となった場合には、引き抜くことが可能であり、壁を壊さないで何回でも使用できるため、仮設土留壁としても利用できる。
(ホ)構造全体が省資源であり、経済的である。
The effects of the present invention are as follows.
(B) The construction period, that is, the construction time is about one-half to one-third compared with the conventional method.
(B) There is no structural waste because there is no need for piles to support the weight of the soil.
(C) Since only a site with a wall thickness is required, the site cost can be saved and the site can be used effectively.
(D) When the wall is no longer needed after the wall has been installed, it can be pulled out and used as many times without breaking the wall, so it can also be used as a temporary earth retaining wall.
(E) The entire structure is resource-saving and economical.

コンクリート壁体にH形鋼の一部を埋込んで一体とし、コンクリート壁の両側端に凹溝形又は凸溝形の目地を設けたものであり、また、コンクリート壁体にH形鋼を掛止部材により接合して一体とし、コンクリート壁体の両側端辺に沿って目地を設けた構造とする。   Part of the H-shaped steel is embedded in the concrete wall and integrated, and both sides of the concrete wall are provided with concave or convex joints, and the H-shaped steel is hung on the concrete wall. It is made into a structure in which joints are made by joining with a stop member and joints are provided along both side edges of the concrete wall.

次に本発明の実施例を図面にもとずいて説明する。
図1および図2において、1は縦長の長方形を成すコンクリート壁体、2はそのコンクリート壁体片面の中央縦長方向に沿って埋め込んだ型鋼製の杭体であり、当該図示例はH型鋼を用い、その一方のフランジ21をコンクリート壁体1内に埋め込み、且つ杭体下部はコンクリート壁体1の下端辺より下方に延長してある。3・4はコンクリート壁体1の左右両側端辺に沿って成形した目地であり、その一方の目地3を凸溝形にし、他方の目地4を凹溝形に成形してある。5はコンクリート壁体1の内部に設けた鉄筋、6は型鋼製杭体2に一体に設けた棒状の掛止部材である。当該掛止部材はコンクリート壁体1に内蔵する鉄筋に接合しておくものとする。そして、図3はコンクリート壁体1の片面に一部を埋め込んだH型鋼製杭体2を杭打ち機M(図22)で連続して打ち込んで並設したものである。
Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 and 2, 1 is a concrete wall body having a vertically long rectangle, 2 is a pile made of type steel embedded along the central longitudinal direction of one side of the concrete wall body, and the illustrated example is an H-shaped steel. using, embedded flange 2 1 while the concrete wall 1, and Kuitai bottom are extended downward from the lower end side of the concrete wall 1. 3 and 4 are joints formed along the left and right side edges of the concrete wall 1, and one joint 3 is formed into a convex groove shape, and the other joint 4 is formed into a concave groove shape. Reference numeral 5 denotes a reinforcing bar provided inside the concrete wall body 1, and 6 denotes a rod-shaped hooking member provided integrally with the steel pile body 2. The said latching member shall be joined to the reinforcing bar incorporated in the concrete wall 1. FIG. 3 shows a pile of H-shaped steel piles 2 partially embedded in one side of the concrete wall 1 and continuously driven by a pile driving machine M (FIG. 22).

図4及び図5はコンクリート壁体1の下端の左右両側部11・11を斜め下方(図4の鎖線示)に切り落として当該下端部位を鋭角に成形したものを示す。 4 and 5 show those molded the lower end portion at an acute angle cut off right and left side portions 1 1, 1 1 of the lower end of the concrete wall 1 obliquely downward (chain line in FIG. 4).

図6はコンクリート壁体1に対してH型鋼製杭体における一方のフランジ21に棒状の掛止部材6を設け、これを当該壁体1の片面に埋め込んで取り付けたものを示す。 FIG. 6 shows a concrete wall body 1 in which a bar-like hooking member 6 is provided on one flange 21 in the H-shaped steel pile body, which is embedded in one side of the wall body 1 and attached.

図7はコンクリート壁体1の片面に対して溝型鋼2の一方のフランジ21を埋め込んで取り付けたものを示す。
図8はコンクリート壁体1の片面に対して溝型鋼2の一方のフランジ21を除去した状態の一対の型鋼を配置し、そのウェブ2の端辺をコンクリート壁体1内に埋め込んで取り付けたものを示す。
Figure 7 shows what attached embed one flange 2 1 of the channel steel 2 against one side of the concrete wall 1.
Figure 8 is placed a pair of shape steel in a state of removing one of the flanges 2 1 of the channel steel 2 against one side of the concrete wall 1, mounted by embedding the web 2 and second end sides in the concrete wall 1 Indicates

図9はコンクリート壁体1の片面に対して円柱形の鋼製杭体2を棒状の掛止部材6を介して取り付けたものを示す。
また、図10は凸弧形を成すコンクリート壁体1の凹弧面に円柱形の杭体2を沿わせて配置し、掛止部材6を当該コンクリート壁体1に埋め込んで取り付けたものを示す。
FIG. 9 shows a structure in which a columnar steel pile body 2 is attached to one side of a concrete wall body 1 via a bar-shaped hooking member 6.
FIG. 10 shows a structure in which a cylindrical pile body 2 is arranged along a concave arc surface of a concrete wall 1 having a convex arc shape, and a retaining member 6 is embedded and attached to the concrete wall body 1. .

図11は溝型鋼2の平面部に棒状の掛止部材6を設け、当該溝型鋼の平面をコンクリート壁体1に当てると共に、その掛止部材をコンクリート壁体1内に埋め込んだものを示す。   FIG. 11 shows a rod-shaped retaining member 6 provided on the flat portion of the grooved steel 2, the flat surface of the grooved steel being applied to the concrete wall 1, and the retaining member embedded in the concrete wall 1.

図12から図20はコンクリート壁体1の変形例を示し、その変形例のコンクリート壁体1の片面にH型鋼の一方のフランジ21を埋め込んだものを示す。
そして、図12はコンクリート壁体1における背面側の中央部位の板厚を厚くしたもの、図13はコンクリート壁体1の正面中央部から鈍角に成形したもの、図14はコンクリート壁体1の正面中央部から直角に成形したもの、図15はコンクリート壁体1の正面をなだらかな凸弧形状に成形したもの、図16はコンクリート壁体1の正面をなだらかな凹弧状に成形したもの、図17はコンクリート壁体1の正面中央部から鈍角の内角に成形したもの、図18はコンクリート壁体1の正面をL字形の内角に成形したもの、図19はコンクリート壁体1の正面を断面角形凹凸溝に成形したもの、図20はコンクリート壁体1の正面を断面凸弧溝形に成形したものを示す。
Figures 12 20 show a modification of the concrete wall 1, showing those embedded flange 2 1 of one of the H-shaped steel on one side of the concrete wall 1 of the modified example.
FIG. 12 shows the concrete wall 1 with a thickened central portion on the back side, FIG. 13 shows an obtuse angle formed from the front center of the concrete wall 1, and FIG. 14 shows the front of the concrete wall 1. FIG. 15 shows the shape of the front surface of the concrete wall body 1 formed into a gentle convex arc shape, FIG. 16 shows the shape of the front surface of the concrete wall body 1 formed into a gentle concave arc shape, FIG. Is an obtuse angle formed from the center of the front surface of the concrete wall 1, FIG. 18 is an L-shaped inner angle of the front of the concrete wall 1, and FIG. FIG. 20 shows a concrete wall 1 molded in the shape of a convex arc groove.

図21は従来の一般的な土留擁壁を示す。図22は杭打ち機Mで吊り上げたコンクリート壁体1を下降して地盤Gに埋設している状態を示す。   FIG. 21 shows a conventional general retaining wall. FIG. 22 shows a state where the concrete wall 1 lifted by the pile driving machine M is lowered and embedded in the ground G.

「具体的な施工例」
次に本発明の施工例を説明する。
(1) 図22の杭打ち機MのクランプCで図1に示すH型鋼製杭体2又はコンクリート壁体1の上部を掴持して吊り上げる。
(2) 設定の杭打ち地点においてコンクリート壁体1を下降させて杭体2の下端・コンクリート壁体1の下端の順に地中に所定の深さまで打ち込む。
(3) 同様に次のコンクリート壁体を吊り上げ、先に打ち込んだコンクリート壁体1の隣に並べてその凸溝形目地3に沿って吊り上げたコンクリート壁体1の凹溝形目地4を合わせながら下降させて先端から地中に所定の深さまで打ち込む。
(4) 以上のように、前記(1)〜(3)の工程を順次くり返していくことにより図3に示すような連続した壁が出来上がる。
"Specific construction examples"
Next, a construction example of the present invention will be described.
(1) The upper part of the H-shaped steel pile body 2 or the concrete wall body 1 shown in FIG. 1 is held and lifted by the clamp C of the pile driving machine M in FIG.
(2) The concrete wall 1 is lowered at the set pile driving point and driven into the ground to a predetermined depth in the order of the lower end of the pile body 2 and the lower end of the concrete wall body 1.
(3) Similarly, the next concrete wall is lifted, and it is placed next to the concrete wall 1 that has been driven in first, and lowered along with the grooved joint 4 of the concrete wall 1 lifted along the grooved joint 3. And drive it from the tip into the ground to a certain depth.
(4) As described above, a continuous wall as shown in FIG. 3 is completed by repeating the steps (1) to (3) in sequence.

次に産業上の利用可能性を述べると、一般的に土留擁壁は、地盤の段差を安定した状態に保つための構造である。
重量を支えるための構造ではないことを念頭に置き、土の水平方向の力を受け止め、その力を地中の下部に伝えるためだけの壁を設けることとし、強度的に十分な耐力を合理的に支える構造として、コンクリート壁と形鋼の合成構造を発明した。
なお、この構造は、従来の鉄筋コンクリート壁とは鋼材の用い方において発想が根本的に異なることを付言する。
Next, the industrial applicability will be described. Generally, the retaining wall is a structure for maintaining the level difference of the ground in a stable state.
Keeping in mind that it is not a structure to support the weight, we decided to provide a wall that only receives the force in the horizontal direction of the soil and transmits the force to the lower part of the ground, and rationally provides sufficient strength We invented a composite structure of concrete walls and shaped steel as a structure to support.
Note that this structure is fundamentally different from the conventional reinforced concrete wall in the way the steel is used.

コンクリート壁体に鋼製杭体の一部を埋設した斜視図である。It is the perspective view which embed | buried a part of steel pile body in the concrete wall. 図1の横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view of FIG. コンクリート壁体を連続して打ち込んで並設した状態の斜視図である。It is a perspective view in the state where concrete wall bodies were driven continuously and arranged side by side. コンクリート壁体の下部両側を斜めに切り落として鋭角に成形した状態の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the state where the lower part both sides of a concrete wall body were cut off diagonally, and it formed in the acute angle. 図4のコンクリート壁体より短いコンクリート壁体の下部両側を斜めに切り落として鋭角に成形した状態の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the state which cut off diagonally the lower part both sides of the concrete wall body shorter than the concrete wall body of FIG. 4, and shape | molded at the acute angle. コンクリート壁体の片面にH型鋼のフランジ部と一体の掛止部材を埋め込んで取り付けた横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded and attached the latching member integral with the flange part of H-shaped steel in the single side | surface of a concrete wall. コンクリート壁体の片面に左右一対の溝型鋼におけるフランジ部の一方を埋め込んで取り付けた横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embed | buried and attached one of the flange parts in a pair of left and right channel steel on one side of a concrete wall. 図7の溝型鋼におけるフランジ部の一方を除去した左右一対のL字形型鋼のウェブ端部をコンクリート壁体の片面に埋め込んで取り付けた横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded the web edge part of the left-right paired L-shaped steel from which one side of the flange part in the groove type steel of FIG. 7 was removed embedded in the single side | surface of a concrete wall. コンクリート壁体の片面に円筒柱を沿わせ、当該円筒柱と一体の掛止部材を埋め込んで取り付けた横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which attached the cylindrical pillar along the single side | surface of the concrete wall body, and embedded the latching member integral with the said cylindrical pillar. 弧状のコンクリート壁体の凹弧背面に円筒柱を沿わせ、当該円筒柱と一体の掛止部材を埋め込んで取り付けた横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view in which a cylindrical column is placed along the back surface of a concave arc of an arc-shaped concrete wall body, and a latch member integrated with the cylindrical column is embedded and attached. コンクリート壁体の背面に溝型鋼の平面部を沿わせ当該溝型鋼と一体の掛止部材を埋め込んで取り付けた横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which attached the latching member integral with the said groove type steel along the flat part of the groove type steel along the back surface of the concrete wall. 正面の中央部位を厚く成形したコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded a part of H-shaped steel in the back of the concrete wall which shape | molded the front center part thickly. 正面の中央部位から鈍角に成形したコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded a part of H-shaped steel in the back of the concrete wall body shape | molded at the obtuse angle from the front center part. 正面の中央部位から直角に成形したコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view in which a part of H-shaped steel is embedded in the back surface of a concrete wall formed at a right angle from the front central part. 正面になだらかな凸弧面を成形したコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded a part of H type steel in the back of the concrete wall body which formed the gentle convex arc surface in the front. 正面になだらかな凹弧面を成形したコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded a part of H type steel in the back of the concrete wall body which formed the gentle concave arc surface on the front. 正面に鈍角の内角を有するコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view in which a part of H-shaped steel is embedded in the back surface of a concrete wall having an obtuse internal angle on the front. 正面に直角の内角を有するコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is a cross-sectional view in which a part of H-shaped steel is embedded in the back surface of a concrete wall body having an internal angle perpendicular to the front surface. 正面に角形の凹凸溝を成形してあるコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded a part of H-shaped steel in the back of the concrete wall which has formed the square uneven groove on the front. 正面に弧状の凸溝を成形してあるコンクリート壁体の背面にH型鋼の一部を埋め込んだ横断面図である。It is the cross-sectional view which embedded a part of H-shaped steel in the back of the concrete wall which has formed the arc-shaped convex groove in the front. 従来の一般的な土留擁壁の斜視図である。It is a perspective view of the conventional common retaining wall. 杭打ち機を用いて本発明に係るコンクリート壁の埋め込み作業例を示す側面図である。It is a side view which shows the example of a concrete wall embedding operation based on this invention using a pile driving machine.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

1…コンクリート壁体
2…型鋼製杭体
3…凸溝形目地
4…凹溝形目地
5…鉄筋
6…掛止部材
7…たて壁
8…かかと版
9…つま先版
10…杭
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Concrete wall body 2 ... Shape steel pile body 3 ... Convex groove joint 4 ... Concave groove joint 5 ... Reinforcement 6 ... Hanging member 7 ... Vertical wall 8 ... Heel plate 9 ... Toe plate 10 ... Pile

Claims (2)

縦長で長方形を成すコンクリート壁体(1)の片面にH型鋼製杭体(2)のフランジ(21)の片方を当該フランジ頭頂部をコンクリート壁体頂部より少し低い位置で埋め込んで一体すると共に、下部をコンクリート壁体(1)の下辺より延長させ、当該コンクリート壁体(1)とH型鋼製杭体(2)とで合成構造にし、コンクリート壁体(1)の両側端辺に目地(3)・(4)を設けことを特徴とするコンクリート壁。 Concrete Wall forming a rectangle in portrait (1) one side flange (2 1) one integral Nde embed the flange top portion at a position slightly lower than a concrete wall top portion of the H-type steel pile body (2) of In addition , the lower part is extended from the lower side of the concrete wall (1), and the concrete wall (1) and the H-shaped steel pile (2) are combined to form both ends of the concrete wall (1). A concrete wall characterized by joints (3) and (4) on the sides. 内部に鉄筋(5)を設けてあるコンクリート壁体(1)の片面に型鋼製杭体又は鋼製杭体(2)に設けた棒状の掛止部材(6)を埋め込んで鉄筋(5)に接合して一体とし、型鋼製杭体又は鋼製杭体(2)の頭頂部をコンクリート壁体頂部より少し低い位置にして一体にすると共に、下部をコンクリート壁体(1)の下辺より延長させ、コンクリート壁体(1)の両側端辺に目地(3)・(4)を設け、且つ、コンクリート壁体(1)と当該杭体(2)との合成構造にしたことを特徴とするコンクリート壁。 Internal reinforcing bars (5) Concrete Wall a is provided (1) one side mold steel pile body or a steel pile body (2) to provided the rod-shaped hooking member (6) to embed Nde rebar (5 ) And unite with the top of the steel pile or steel pile (2) at a position slightly lower than the top of the concrete wall, and the lower part is the lower side of the concrete wall (1). It is further extended , joints (3) and (4) are provided on both side edges of the concrete wall (1), and a composite structure of the concrete wall (1) and the pile body (2) is used. And concrete wall.
JP2004313055A 2004-10-27 2004-10-27 Concrete wall Expired - Lifetime JP4097646B2 (en)

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