JP4099186B2 - A quarrying method for underground stone cavities formed by a residual pillar type mining method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a method for mining stone, and more particularly to a method for quarrying stone from an underground cavity of stone formed by a residual column type mining method.

Conventionally, the Oya stone quarrying work employs the remaining pillar type mining method from the standpoint of preventing ground subsidence and ground subsidence, and improving the stability of the ground. However, the underground cavities formed by quarrying work lose stability over time due to natural disasters such as earthquakes and the vibrations of heavy-duty vehicles that frequently travel on the ground surface. Causing an accident. For this reason, as a countermeasure, various filling methods for filling the underground cavity have been proposed. For example, Patent Literature 1 and Patent Literature 2 disclose a method for filling an underground cavity with Oya stone.

On the other hand, in the underground cavities formed by the remaining pillar type mining method, the remaining pillars are naturally formed from Oya stone, and from the standpoint of ground safety, the pillars have a cross-sectional dimension of 10m square. In the underground cavity formed by the remaining pillar type mining method, a considerable amount of Oya stone remains. Therefore, filling the underground cavities with the conventional underground cavities filling method abandons the precious resources to be seen.

JP 3-9000 JP-A-8-28200

The present invention is based on a novel idea completely different from the conventional method of refilling underground cavities, and aims to quarry stone from underground cavities formed by a residual pillar type mining method. It is.

It is also important how to effectively use the space after the stone has been mined. Therefore, another object of the present invention is to provide a method for mining the stone in consideration of the use of the space after the stone has been mined. There is.

In order to solve the problem, the quarrying method adopted by the present invention includes a step of forming a continuous underground wall above an underground cavity of a stone material formed by a residual column type mining method, and a region surrounded by the continuous underground wall And quarrying at least one of the stones of the ceiling, pillar, and floor of the underground cavity. In one aspect, the step of forming a continuous underground wall is set as a step of setting a stone mining region so as to include a pit on the surface above the underground cave of stone formed by a residual column type mining method. Forming a continuous underground wall having a predetermined depth from the ground surface so as to surround the stone mining region. In one aspect, the stone quarrying step includes a step of digging the inside of the continuous underground wall leaving the ceiling portion of the underground cavity, and a step of quarrying the stone of the ceiling portion, column portion, and floor portion of the underground cavity, and Consists of.

The stone quarrying process includes a stone quarrying process for a ceiling part, a stone quarrying process for a pillar part, and a stone quarrying process for a floor part. In one aspect, the stone quarrying process of the ceiling part includes a process of backfilling the underground space below the ceiling part with debris, a process of quarrying the stone of the ceiling part, and a debris used for backfilling. And removing. Preferably, the ceiling is divided into a plurality of areas, and backfilling, quarrying, and removal of backfilling stone are repeated for each section. The earth and stone for backfilling are carried from the shaft.

(1) Conventionally, stones in the underground cavities that were left unattended as underground cavities or refilled in the underground cavities and could not be used due to sleeping in the ground were limited. Effective utilization of resources can be achieved.
(2) Since the underground cavity itself is eliminated, the ground can be prevented from sinking.
(3) The space after quarrying can be used effectively.

[A] The Oya stone underground cavity formed by the residual pillar type mining method The Oya stone underground cavity formed by the residual pillar type mining method will be described. FIG. 1 is an abandoned mine of Oya stone mined in the past, and is a large underground cavity 1 at present. The underground cavity 1 is formed by a so-called residual column type mining method in which a plurality of horizontal shafts 3, 3,. The ceiling part 4 of the underground cavity 1 and the floor part 5 of the underground cavity 1 are also composed of Oya stone layers. The underground cavity 1 is communicated with the surface 7 by a resistance 6. Reference numeral 8 denotes a stone processing factory site and a stone yard attached to the opening of the shaft 6. FIG. 2 is a plan view of the underground cavity 1. The underground cavity 1 includes a lateral resistance 3 that communicates in a weft-like manner, and a plurality of pillars 2 having a cross-sectional view that are erected at predetermined intervals. ,have.

[B] Oya Stone Quarrying Method from Oya Stone Underground Cavity [B-1] Determination of Mining Area FIG. 3 is a plan view of the ground surface above the underground stone cavity 1 formed by the residual column type mining method. There is an underground cavity 1 in the basement. The mining region S is set on the ground surface above the underground cavity 1 so as to include the shaft 6. In the illustrated example, a circular area 90 having a diameter of 50 m is set so as to surround the set mining area S, and a continuous underground wall 9 having a thickness of 80 cm is formed along the circumference of the circular area 90.

[B-2] Construction of a continuous underground wall A cylindrical continuous underground wall 9 is formed along the outer periphery of a circular mining region in plan view. In one aspect, the continuous underground wall 9 is performed by alternately applying the leading element 9A and the trailing element 9B. FIG. 5 shows the construction method of the preceding element. The construction of the preceding element consists of (1) excavation process, (2) digging process, (3) ultrasonic measurement process, (4) interlocking pipe installation process, and (5) tremy pipe installation process. And (6) a concrete placing process, and (7) an interlocking pipe drawing process. FIG. 6 shows the construction method of the succeeding element. The following elements are constructed by (1) excavation process, (2) wall surface cleaning process, (3) digging waste processing process, (4) ultrasonic measurement process, (5) tremy pipe installation process, 6) Concrete placing process. After constructing all the elements, the water level on the excavation surface side is lowered using the deep well, and the grout is injected after causing displacement in the retaining wall (7). FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of the continuous underground wall 9, a circular beam 9 a is formed at the upper end of the wall, and water-stopping concrete 9 b is placed at the lower end of the wall 9. In addition, the construction method of a continuous underground wall is not limited to the thing of illustration, Other well-known methods can be used.

In one aspect, the height of the underground wall 9 is the upper part of the ceiling surface 4 of the underground cavity 1. In the illustrated example, the depth is about 15 m from the ground surface. Thereafter, open pit mining is performed in the mining region S surrounded by the cylindrical underground wall 9. The underground wall 9 prevents intrusion of groundwater and landslide from outside the mining area to the mining area.

[B-3]
A quarrying method will be described. Mining is performed in the area S surrounded by the cylindrical underground wall 9 by open pit digging. The portion near the ground surface 7 in the upper part of the underground cavity 1 is covered with topsoil, and below it is the Oyaishi layer. That is, not only the column part 2 of the underground cavity 1 but also the ceiling part 4 of the underground cavity 1 is made of Oya stone, and the floor part 5 of the underground cavity 1 is made of Oya stone. 8 and 9 are plan views showing the quarrying area of Oya stone, FIG. 8 shows the quarrying part of the ceiling part, and FIG. 9 shows the quarrying part of the pillar part and the floor part. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIGS. 8 and 9, and FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIGS. 8 and 9.

The quarrying procedure for the Oya stone on the ceiling 4 (the Oya stone layer of the roof of the underground cavity) will be described. First, excavation in the cylindrical underground wall 9 is performed by open-pit digging, and the earth and stone in the underground wall 9 is removed. In this state, the ceiling part 4 of the underground cavity 1 remains, and the lower surface of the mined space is the top of the underground cavity 1.

First, quarrying of the ceiling part 4 is performed. The quarrying of the ceiling part 4 divides the ceiling part 4 into a plurality of sections 4A, 4B, 4C, 4D, and 4E, and quarries are performed for each section. The underground space part (horizontal pit 3) below the ceiling section 4A from the shaft 6 is backfilled. After refilling the underground space below the ceiling section 4A, quarrying the ceiling section 4A is performed. After the quarrying of the ceiling section area 4A is performed, the earth and stone filled in the underground space below the ceiling section 4A is moved to the underground space below the ceiling section 4B. After the underground space below the ceiling section 4B is backfilled, the ceiling section 4B is quarried. Similarly, quarrying of the ceiling sections 4C, 4D, and 4E is sequentially performed.

The procedure for mining the column part 2 and the floor part 5 by the ceiling part 4 will be described. After quarrying the ceiling 4, the earth for backfilling is removed. Next, the column part 2 is quarried. Finally, quarrying the floor 5 is performed. The quarrying of the column part 2 and the floor part 5 may be performed by cutting out Oya stone by a conventional quarrying technique.

[C] Utilization of Cavity after Quarrying The space after quarrying is a huge cylindrical concave portion with an opening at the top, and the side wall of the concave portion is composed of a continuous underground wall 9 at the upper portion and from Oya stone at the lower portion. The floor of the recess is made of Oya stone. Such huge recesses have a wide variety of uses. For example, waste such as molten slag can be embedded in the huge recess. Moreover, it can also be utilized as a reservoir or a pool using a recessed part. Moreover, since the recessed part formed with the quarrying method of this invention is huge, if the floor part of a recessed part is leveled horizontally, it can be used as a normal flat ground, The use is not limited.

It can be used for quarrying stones from underground cavities formed by the remaining pillar type mining method. Moreover, the space obtained after mining can be used effectively.

It is a principal part longitudinal cross-sectional view which shows the abandoned mine and its periphery which employ | adopt the underground cavity filling method of Oya stone of this invention. It is a principal part horizontal sectional view which shows the inside of abandoned mine. It is a top view which shows the ground surface above an underground cavity. It is a top view which shows the state which constructed the continuous underground wall above the underground cavity. It is a figure which shows the construction process of the preceding element in construction of a continuous underground wall. It is a figure which shows the construction process of the succeeding element in construction of a continuous underground wall. It is a fragmentary sectional view of a continuous underground wall. It is a top view of the quarry site | part of Oya stone, and shows the quarry site | part of a ceiling part. It is a top view of the quarry site | part of Oya stone, and shows the quarry site | part of a pillar part and a floor part. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIGS. 8 and 9. FIG. 10 is a sectional view taken along the line BB in FIGS. 8 and 9.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Underground cavity 2 Pillar part 3 Horizontal shaft 4 Ceiling part 5 Floor part 6 Shaft 7 Surface 9 Continuous underground wall S Mining area

Claims (5)

A first step of forming a continuous underground wall above a stone underground cavity formed by a residual pillar type mining method;
A second step of digging the area surrounded by the continuous underground wall and quarrying at least one of the ceiling, pillar, and floor stones of the underground cavity;
A quarrying method from an underground cavity of stone formed by a remaining pillar type mining method. The first step includes
A step of setting a stone mining region so as to include a shaft in the ground surface above the underground cave of stone formed by a remaining pillar type mining method;
Forming a continuous underground wall of a predetermined depth from the ground surface so as to surround the stone mining area;
The quarrying method according to claim 1, comprising: The second step includes
Leaving the ceiling of the underground cavities and digging inside the continuous underground wall;
The process of quarrying the stone of the ceiling, pillar, and floor of the underground cavity,
The quarrying method according to claim 1, comprising: The second step includes
The quarrying method according to claim 1 , comprising a stone quarrying process for a ceiling stone, a stone quarrying process for a pillar part, and a stone quarrying process for a stone part of a floor. Quarry step stone of the ceiling portion,
The method according to any one of claims 3 and 4 , comprising a step of backfilling the underground space below the ceiling with debris , a step of quarrying stone material on the ceiling, and a step of removing the debris used for backfilling. The quarrying method described.

Images