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JP4101938B2 - Polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents
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JP4101938B2 - Polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitor - Google Patents

Polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitor Download PDF

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JP4101938B2
JP4101938B2 JP20303398A JP20303398A JP4101938B2 JP 4101938 B2 JP4101938 B2 JP 4101938B2 JP 20303398 A JP20303398 A JP 20303398A JP 20303398 A JP20303398 A JP 20303398A JP 4101938 B2 JP4101938 B2 JP 4101938B2
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Prior art keywords
aluminum
foil
cathode
electrolytic capacitor
aluminum electrolytic
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JP20303398A
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JP2000036436A (en
Inventor
隆 望月
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Nichicon Corp
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Nichicon Corp
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はアルミニウム電解コンデンサに関するものである。さらに詳しくは、アルミニウム電解コンデンサからの駆動用電解液の漏出防止技術に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
図1および図2はそれぞれ、アルミニウム電解コンデンサの構成要素を示す説明図、およびアルミニウム電解コンデンサの断面図である。
小型アルミニウム電解コンデンサは、一般に、図1および図2に示すように、陽極箔と陰極箔の間に電解紙を介して巻回したコンデンサ素子2と、このコンデンサ素子2の陽極箔及び陰極箔から引き出された陽極リード端子3及び陰極リード端子4のアルミニウム製の各丸棒部31、41が各端子挿通孔51、52にそれぞれ嵌められたゴム封口体5と、駆動用電解液を含浸したコンデンサ素子2をゴム封口体5とともに封止するアルミニウム製のケース6とから構成されている。
【0003】
アルミニウム電解コンデンサにおいても近年、デジタル回路等の発達に対応するため、低損失、低インピーダンス特性が要求されている。これらの要求に対応するための重要な技術は、主として、コンデンサ素子に含浸される駆動用電解液の低比抵抗化である。
この要求を満たす駆動用電解液としては、γ−ブチロラクトン単独溶媒、あるいはγ−ブチロラクトンを主溶媒としそれにエチレングリコールなどを配合した混合溶媒中に、o−フタル酸やマレイン酸の4級アンモニウム塩などを溶質として溶解した駆動用電解液が用いられている。
【0004】
このような有機溶剤を用いた駆動用電解液は、高温雰囲気中でゴム封口体を透過しての消失が激しく、このような消失はコンデンサ特性の著しい劣化を招来させる。そこで、このような駆動用電解液を用いる際には、ゴム封口体としてガス透過性の低いブチルゴムを使用するなど、気密面で各種の設計的配慮がなされている。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、前記の駆動用電解液を用いたアルミニウム電解コンデンサでは、従来のアルミニウム電解コンデンサではみられない新たな不具合が指摘されている。すなわち、アルミニウム電解コンデンサを負荷状態で長期間の使用、あるいは無負荷状態で長期間の放置を行ったときに、ゴム封口体の陰極側の端子挿通孔部から駆動用電解液が漏出し、漏出した駆動用電解液によって回路基板上で配線パターンがショートを発生するという不具合である。
【0006】
そこで、本発明の課題は、前記のような活性な薬品を駆動用電解液に用いても、電解液の漏出の発生しない有極性アルミニウム電解コンデンサを実現することにある。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は、ゴム封口体の陰極側の端子挿通孔部から駆動用電解液が漏出するのを防止するために行った各種検討から得られた新たな知見に基づくものであり、ゴム封口体の陰極側の端子挿通部に接するリード端子のアルミニウム製の丸棒部と、該端子に接続されている陰極箔の電極電位差に着目したものである。すなわち、従来の有極性アルミニウム電解コンデンサにおいて、陰極箔はこれに接続するリード端子のアルミニウム製の丸棒部より電極電位が卑であるため、陰極箔とアルミニウム製の丸棒部とによって局部電池が形成される。このため、従来の有極性アルミニウム電解コンデンサにおいて、陰極側のリード端子の丸棒部での電極反応により、該丸棒部付近の駆動用電解液でアルカリ化が進行してしまう。その結果、陰極側のリード端子の丸棒部付近で駆動用電解液に接するゴム封口体にアルカリ劣化、すなわち、端子挿通孔の内面のゴム弾性の低下が進行し、この部分からの駆動用電解液の漏出が起こるのである。
【0008】
このような知見に基づいて、本発明は、この局部電池の極性を逆転させることにより、駆動用電解液の漏出を防ぐことに特徴を有する。
すなわち、本発明では、陽極箔と陰極箔の間に電解紙を介して巻回したコンデンサ素子と、該コンデンサ素子の前記陽極箔及び前記陰極箔から引き出された陽極リード端子及び陰極リード端子のアルミニウム製の各丸棒部が各端子挿通孔にそれぞれ嵌められたゴム封口体と、4級アンモニウム塩もしくはイミダゾリニウム塩を含む駆動用電解液を含浸した前記コンデンサ素子を前記ゴム封口体とともに封止するケースとを有する有極性アルミニウム電解コンデンサにおいて、前記陰極箔として、アルミニウム(Al)−銅(Cu)合金箔にエッチング処理を施した後、化成処理を施したものを用いることを特徴とする。
【0009】
本発明では、エッチング箔に化成処理を施したものを用いるので、陰極箔は陰極のリード端子のアルミニム製の丸棒部より電極電位が貴になる。従って、陰極側のリード端子の丸棒部と陰極箔とによって局部電池が形成されても、丸棒部の表面では、丸棒部周辺における駆動用電解液においてアルカリ化が進行するような電極反応が起こらない。それ故、陰極側のリード端子の丸棒部付近で駆動用電解液に接するゴム封口体にアルカリ劣化、すなわち、端子挿通孔の内面のゴム弾性の低下が発生しないので、この部分からの駆動用電解液の漏出を防止することができる。
【0011】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態を説明する。ここで用いるアルミニウム電解コンデンサの構造は、図1および図2を参照して説明したとおりなので、その説明を省略する。
[実施例1]
まず、γ−ブチロラクトンを主成分とする溶媒に、テトラエチルアンモニウムのフタル酸塩を主溶質として15重量%配合して駆動用電解液を調製した。次に、この駆動用電解液を用い、定格電圧16V、静電容量330μF、ケースサイズ10mm、長さ12.5mmのアルミニウム電解コンデンサを作製する。
【0012】
ここで用いた実施例に係る陰極箔は、0.7重量%の銅を含有するアルミニウム−銅合金箔に塩酸水溶液中で直流エッチングを施した後、0.1V、0.5V、1.0V、2.0V、5.0Vの化成電圧で化成処理を施したものである。
比較用としては、アルミニウム−銅合金箔にエッチング処理を施しただけの未化成の陰極箔を用いた。
【0013】
これらの陰極箔を用いて電解コンデンサをそれぞれ500個作製し、エージング処理を施した後、温度85℃、湿度85%の高温高湿雰囲気中にて定格電圧印加、無負荷放置試験を2000時間行い、試験後の各コンデンサ試料について駆動用電解液の漏出状況を確認した。
その結果を表1及び表2に示す。
【0014】
【表1】

Figure 0004101938
【0015】
【表2】
Figure 0004101938
表1及び表2より明らかなように、アルミニウム−銅合金箔であっても0.5V以上の化成処理を施した陰極箔を用いたアルミニウム電解コンデンサでは駆動用電解液の漏出が発生せず、高い信頼性が得られることが判明した。
なお、テトラエチルアンモニウムのフタル酸塩に代えて、テトラエチルアンモニウムのマレイン酸塩、テトラメチルアンモニウムのフタル酸塩あるいはマイレイン酸塩などといったその他の4級アンモニウム塩を用いた駆動用電解液で行った評価においても、やはり、陰極箔に化成処理を施したものを用いたアルミニウム電解コンデンサでは駆動用電解液の漏出が発生しないことが確認できた。
[実施例2]
次に、γ−ブチロラクトンを主成分とする溶媒に、イミダゾリニウムのフタル酸塩を主溶質として15重量%配合して駆動用電解液を調製した。次に、この駆動用電解液を用い、定格電圧16V、静電容量330μF、ケースサイズ10mm、長さ12.5mmの電解コンデンサを作製する。
【0016】
ここで用いた実施例に係る陰極箔は、0.7重量%の銅を含有するアルミニウム−銅合金箔に塩酸水溶液中で直流エッチングを施した後、0.1V、0.5V、1.0V、2.0V、5.0Vの化成電圧で化成処理を施したものである。
比較用としては、アルミニウム−銅合金箔にエッチング処理を施しただけの未化成の陰極箔を用いた。
【0017】
これらの陰極箔を用いて電解コンデンサをそれぞれ500個作製し、エージング処理を施した後、温度85℃、湿度85%の高温高湿雰囲気中にて定格電圧印加、無負荷放置試験を8000時間行い、試験後の各コンデンサ試料について駆動用電解液の漏出状況を確認した。
その結果を表3及び表4に示す。
【0018】
【表3】
Figure 0004101938
【0019】
【表4】
Figure 0004101938
表3及び表4より明らかなように、アルミニウム−銅合金箔であっても0.5V以上の化成処理を施した陰極箔を用いたアルミニウム電解コンデンサでは駆動用電解液の漏出が発生せず、高い信頼性が得られることが判明した。
[その他の実施例]
なお、アルミニウム−銅合金箔としては、銅の含有量が0.7重量%のもの以外にも種々評価したが、銅含有量が0.06重量%〜0.9重量%のアルミニウム−銅合金箔において、化成電圧が0.5V以上で電解液の漏出を完全に防止できた。また、化成電圧が0.5V未満でも、未化成のものと比較すると改善される傾向にある。但し、化成電圧が5Vを越えると、容量面で不利である。
【0020】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、駆動用電解液に4級アンモニウム塩もしくはイミダゾリニウム塩を含む駆動用電解液を用いた場合、従来の陰極箔では駆動用電解液が漏出していたものが、本発明のように、化成処理を施したアルミニウム−銅合金箔を陰極箔として用いることにより、陰極リード端子の丸棒部より陰極箔表面の電極電位を駆動用電解液中で貴になるように構成すると、駆動用電解液の漏出を確実に防止することができる。それ故、低損失、低インピーダンス特性を有するアルミニウム電解コンデンサの信頼性を向上させることができるので、本発明の持つ工業的、実用的価値は大なるものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】アルミニウム電解コンデンサの構成要素を示す斜視図である。
【図2】アルミニウム電解コンデンサの縦断面図である。
【符号の説明】
2 コンデンサ素子
3 陽極リード端子
4 陰極リード端子
5 ゴム封口体
6 アルミニウム製のケース
31、41 アルミニウム製の丸棒部
51、52 ゴム封口体の端子挿通孔[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an aluminum electrolytic capacitor. More specifically, the present invention relates to a technique for preventing leakage of driving electrolyte from an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 1 and FIG. 2 are an explanatory view showing components of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor and a sectional view of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor, respectively.
As shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, a small aluminum electrolytic capacitor is generally composed of a capacitor element 2 wound through electrolytic paper between an anode foil and a cathode foil, and an anode foil and a cathode foil of the capacitor element 2. A rubber sealing body 5 in which each of the round bar portions 31 and 41 made of aluminum of the extracted anode lead terminal 3 and cathode lead terminal 4 is fitted in each terminal insertion hole 51 and 52, and a capacitor impregnated with a driving electrolyte It is comprised from the case 6 made from aluminum which seals the element 2 with the rubber sealing body 5. FIG.
[0003]
In recent years, aluminum electrolytic capacitors have been required to have low loss and low impedance characteristics in order to cope with the development of digital circuits and the like. An important technique for meeting these requirements is mainly to lower the specific resistance of the driving electrolyte impregnated in the capacitor element.
As a driving electrolyte satisfying this requirement, γ-butyrolactone alone solvent, or a mixed solvent containing γ-butyrolactone as a main solvent and ethylene glycol, etc., quaternary ammonium salt of o-phthalic acid or maleic acid, etc. A driving electrolytic solution in which is dissolved as a solute is used.
[0004]
Such a driving electrolyte solution using an organic solvent is apt to disappear through a rubber sealing body in a high temperature atmosphere, and such disappearance causes a significant deterioration of capacitor characteristics. Therefore, when such a driving electrolyte is used, various design considerations have been made in terms of airtightness, such as using butyl rubber having low gas permeability as a rubber sealing body.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the above-described driving electrolytic solution has been pointed out as a new problem that cannot be seen in the conventional aluminum electrolytic capacitor. That is, when the aluminum electrolytic capacitor is used for a long time in a loaded state or left for a long time in a no-load state, the drive electrolyte leaks from the terminal insertion hole on the cathode side of the rubber seal, The problem is that the wiring pattern causes a short circuit on the circuit board due to the driving electrolyte.
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to realize a polar aluminum electrolytic capacitor in which leakage of the electrolytic solution does not occur even when the active chemical as described above is used for the driving electrolytic solution.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is based on new knowledge obtained from various studies conducted to prevent leakage of the driving electrolyte from the terminal insertion hole on the cathode side of the rubber sealing body. The focus is on the electrode potential difference between the aluminum round bar portion of the lead terminal in contact with the terminal insertion portion on the cathode side and the cathode foil connected to the terminal. That is, in the conventional polar aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the cathode foil has a lower electrode potential than the aluminum round bar portion of the lead terminal connected to the cathode foil, so that the local battery is formed by the cathode foil and the aluminum round bar portion. It is formed. For this reason, in the conventional polar aluminum electrolytic capacitor, the alkali reaction proceeds in the driving electrolyte near the round bar due to the electrode reaction at the round bar of the lead terminal on the cathode side. As a result, the rubber sealing body in contact with the driving electrolyte near the round bar of the lead terminal on the cathode side undergoes alkali deterioration, that is, the rubber elasticity of the inner surface of the terminal insertion hole decreases, and driving electrolysis from this portion Liquid leakage occurs.
[0008]
Based on such knowledge, the present invention is characterized by preventing leakage of the driving electrolyte by reversing the polarity of the local battery.
That is, in the present invention, a capacitor element wound through an electrolytic paper between an anode foil and a cathode foil, the anode foil of the capacitor element, an anode lead terminal drawn from the cathode foil, and an aluminum of the cathode lead terminal A rubber sealing body in which each round bar portion is fitted in each terminal insertion hole and the capacitor element impregnated with a driving electrolyte containing a quaternary ammonium salt or an imidazolinium salt are sealed together with the rubber sealing body. In a polar aluminum electrolytic capacitor having a case to be used, the cathode foil is obtained by subjecting an aluminum (Al) -copper (Cu) alloy foil to an etching treatment and then a chemical conversion treatment.
[0009]
In the present invention, since the etching foil is subjected to chemical conversion treatment, the cathode foil has a higher electrode potential than the aluminum round bar portion of the cathode lead terminal. Therefore, even when a local battery is formed by the round bar part of the lead terminal on the cathode side and the cathode foil, an electrode reaction in which alkalinization proceeds in the driving electrolyte around the round bar part on the surface of the round bar part. Does not happen. Therefore, there is no alkali deterioration in the rubber sealing body in contact with the driving electrolyte near the round part of the lead terminal on the cathode side, that is, there is no decrease in rubber elasticity on the inner surface of the terminal insertion hole. It is possible to prevent leakage of the electrolyte.
[0011]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
An embodiment of the present invention will be described. Since the structure of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor used here is as described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2, the description thereof is omitted.
[Example 1]
First, a driving electrolyte solution was prepared by blending 15 wt% of tetraethylammonium phthalate as a main solute with a solvent containing γ-butyrolactone as a main component. Next, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor having a rated voltage of 16 V, a capacitance of 330 μF, a case size of 10 mm, and a length of 12.5 mm is produced using this driving electrolyte.
[0012]
The cathode foil according to the example used here was subjected to direct current etching in an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution on an aluminum-copper alloy foil containing 0.7% by weight of copper, and then 0.1V, 0.5V, 1.0V. , 2.0V, and 5.0V are subjected to chemical conversion treatment.
For comparison, an unformed cathode foil obtained by simply etching an aluminum-copper alloy foil was used.
[0013]
Using each of these cathode foils, 500 electrolytic capacitors were prepared and subjected to an aging treatment. Then, a rated voltage was applied in a high-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere at a temperature of 85 ° C. and a humidity of 85%, and a no-load standing test was performed for 2000 hours. The leakage state of the driving electrolyte was confirmed for each capacitor sample after the test.
The results are shown in Tables 1 and 2.
[0014]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004101938
[0015]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004101938
As is apparent from Tables 1 and 2, the aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the cathode foil subjected to the chemical conversion treatment of 0.5 V or more even when the aluminum-copper alloy foil does not leak the driving electrolyte. It was found that high reliability can be obtained.
In addition, in the evaluation carried out with a driving electrolyte using other quaternary ammonium salts such as tetraethylammonium maleate, tetramethylammonium phthalate or maleate instead of tetraethylammonium phthalate However, it was also confirmed that the drive electrolytic solution did not leak in the aluminum electrolytic capacitor using the cathode foil subjected to chemical conversion treatment.
[Example 2]
Next, 15% by weight of imidazolinium phthalate as a main solute was blended in a solvent containing γ-butyrolactone as a main component to prepare a driving electrolyte solution. Next, an electrolytic capacitor having a rated voltage of 16 V, a capacitance of 330 μF, a case size of 10 mm, and a length of 12.5 mm is produced using this driving electrolyte.
[0016]
The cathode foil according to the example used here was subjected to direct current etching in an aqueous hydrochloric acid solution on an aluminum-copper alloy foil containing 0.7% by weight of copper, and then 0.1V, 0.5V, 1.0V. , 2.0V, and 5.0V are subjected to chemical conversion treatment.
For comparison, an unformed cathode foil obtained by simply etching an aluminum-copper alloy foil was used.
[0017]
Using each of these cathode foils, 500 electrolytic capacitors were prepared and subjected to an aging treatment. Then, a rated voltage was applied in a high-temperature and high-humidity atmosphere at a temperature of 85 ° C. and a humidity of 85%. The leakage state of the driving electrolyte was confirmed for each capacitor sample after the test.
The results are shown in Tables 3 and 4.
[0018]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004101938
[0019]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004101938
As is apparent from Tables 3 and 4, even in the case of an aluminum-copper alloy foil, an aluminum electrolytic capacitor using a cathode foil subjected to a chemical conversion treatment of 0.5 V or higher does not cause leakage of the driving electrolyte, It was found that high reliability can be obtained.
[Other Examples]
The aluminum-copper alloy foil was variously evaluated in addition to the copper content of 0.7% by weight, but the aluminum content was 0.06% to 0.9% by weight. In the foil, leakage of the electrolyte was completely prevented when the formation voltage was 0.5 V or more. Moreover, even if the formation voltage is less than 0.5 V, it tends to be improved as compared with that of an unformed product. However, if the formation voltage exceeds 5V, it is disadvantageous in terms of capacity.
[0020]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, when a driving electrolyte containing a quaternary ammonium salt or an imidazolinium salt is used as the driving electrolyte, the driving electrolyte is leaked from the conventional cathode foil. Thus, by using a formed aluminum-copper alloy foil as the cathode foil, the electrode potential on the surface of the cathode foil is made noble in the driving electrolyte from the round bar portion of the cathode lead terminal. The leakage of the driving electrolyte can be reliably prevented. Therefore, since the reliability of the aluminum electrolytic capacitor having low loss and low impedance characteristics can be improved, the industrial and practical value of the present invention is great.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing components of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
FIG. 2 is a longitudinal sectional view of an aluminum electrolytic capacitor.
[Explanation of symbols]
2 Capacitor element 3 Anode lead terminal 4 Cathode lead terminal 5 Rubber sealing body 6 Aluminum case 31, 41 Aluminum round bar 51, 52 Terminal insertion hole of rubber sealing body

Claims (1)

陽極箔と陰極箔の間に電解紙を介して巻回したコンデンサ素子と、該コンデンサ素子の前記陽極箔及び前記陰極箔から引き出された陽極リード端子及び陰極リード端子のアルミニウム製の各丸棒部が各端子挿通孔にそれぞれ嵌められたゴム封口体と、4級アンモニウム塩もしくはイミダゾリニウム塩を含む駆動用電解液を含浸した前記コンデンサ素子を前記ゴム封口体とともに封止するケースとを有する有極性アルミニウム電解コンデンサにおいて、
前記陰極箔として、アルミニウム−銅合金箔にエッチング処理を施した後、化成処理を施したものを用いることを特徴とする有極性アルミニウム電解コンデンサ。
Capacitor element wound through electrolytic paper between anode foil and cathode foil, anode lead terminal of said capacitor element, anode lead terminal drawn out from said cathode foil, and each aluminum round bar part of cathode lead terminal Has a rubber sealing body fitted in each terminal insertion hole, and a case for sealing the capacitor element impregnated with a driving electrolyte containing a quaternary ammonium salt or an imidazolinium salt together with the rubber sealing body. In polar aluminum electrolytic capacitors,
A polar aluminum electrolytic capacitor using, as the cathode foil, an aluminum-copper alloy foil that has been subjected to an etching treatment and then a chemical conversion treatment.
JP20303398A 1998-07-17 1998-07-17 Polarized aluminum electrolytic capacitor Expired - Fee Related JP4101938B2 (en)

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Cited By (1)

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US7827570B2 (en) 2004-06-08 2010-11-02 Nec Corporation Cartridge locking mechanism and tray locking mechanism for cartridge drive apparatus

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JP2007142353A (en) * 2005-10-17 2007-06-07 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Aluminum electrolytic capacitor

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JPH01319924A (en) * 1988-06-22 1989-12-26 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Manufacture of aluminum cathode foil for electrolytic capacitor
JP4019226B2 (en) * 1996-10-07 2007-12-12 日本ケミコン株式会社 Aluminum electrolytic capacitor

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US7827570B2 (en) 2004-06-08 2010-11-02 Nec Corporation Cartridge locking mechanism and tray locking mechanism for cartridge drive apparatus

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