JP4109488B2 - Marine gas turbine system with pure water production equipment - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a marine gas turbine system in which a pure water production apparatus is provided in a steam injection type gas turbine that generates heat by recovering heat from exhaust gas of a gas turbine and injects and injects it into a combustor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As one of gas turbines with excellent thermal efficiency, steam generated in a waste heat boiler using waste heat of exhaust gas from a gas turbine is injected and injected into a combustor of a gas turbine, and a mixture of combustion gas and steam is used as a turbine. There is known a steam injection (chain cycle) system in which the is operated. In this steam injection type gas turbine, the combustion temperature in the combustion chamber can be lowered by the steam injected and injected into the combustor, but by supplying further fuel, the same combustion temperature is maintained as when steam is not injected. output greatly increases, reducing fuel consumption and improving the thermal efficiency, and is advantageous in that NO _x can be reduced.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
When the steam injection type gas turbine is used for marine use, if seawater is used as it is, it is easy to cause damage to the waste heat boiler and gas turbine, such as corrosion of boiler tubes and turbine blades. Is preferred. On the other hand, the ship needs drinking water during navigation. When navigating with such pure water loaded in advance from the land, it is disadvantageous in terms of weight and space because all of the necessary pure water must be loaded during the navigation period.
[0004]
Further, the exhaust gas from the gas turbine has a large amount of heat, and sufficient heat recovery is not performed only by the generation of steam injected and injected into the combustor. If released into the atmosphere, there is a risk of contributing to thermal pollution.
[0005]
Therefore, the present invention provides a marine gas turbine system that recovers heat from exhaust gas from a gas turbine to generate steam and supplies it to a combustor to improve the output and efficiency of the gas turbine system. It aims at securing the pure water provided to a gas turbine system and drinking water by collect | recovering and making a pure water.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, a marine gas turbine system according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine, and drives a marine propulsion device, and heat from exhaust gas of the gas turbine. A first steam generator that recovers and generates steam, a raw water heater that recovers heat from the exhaust gas and heats raw water, a pure water manufacturing apparatus that obtains pure water from the heated raw water, and the pure water manufacturing apparatus a water storage tank for storing pure water obtained in a portion of purified water in the water storage tank and water supply means for taking as drinking water, the steam obtained in the previous SL first steam generator to the combustor a steam supply means for supplying an absorption chiller that produces a refrigerant vapor steam as an energy source, said absorption type from another part of the pure water heat recovery to the water storage tank before Symbol exhaust gas to produce steam a second steam generator for supplying to the refrigerator Further pure water supply means for supplying a part of the other from the holding tank to the first steam generator of the pure water, and coolant supply means for supplying a refrigerant obtained by the absorption chiller inboard of the air conditioner It is equipped with.
[0007]
According to the marine gas turbine system, by supplying the steam generated by recovering heat from the exhaust gas in the first steam generator to the combustor, the energy of the steam is injected and the constant pressure specific heat increases. since, since the large expansion work in the turbine, increasing the output of the gas turbine, and reduced fuel consumption and improved heat efficiency, and NO _x can be reduced. Further, since the pure water production apparatus is operated by recovering heat from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine, the heat of the relatively high temperature exhaust gas coming out of the gas turbine can be effectively recovered together with the heat recovery in the first steam generator. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the system is improved. In addition, since steam generated from pure water is supplied to the combustor, there is no damage to the waste heat boiler and gas turbine such as corrosion of the boiler pipe and turbine blade. In addition, drinking water for passengers or passengers necessary for the operation of the ship is secured.
The pure water obtained by the pure water production apparatus is temporarily stored in a water storage tank. For example, in a flash type pure water production device, a large amount of pure water cannot be obtained from seawater in a short time, but when a large amount of pure water is required such as when the output of a gas turbine is suddenly increased, This can be dealt with by supplying pure water from the water storage tank to the first steam generator by the pure water supply means. In addition, by connecting drinking water supply means to the water storage tank, temporary fluctuations in the amount of pure water used as drinking water will affect the amount of pure water that becomes steam supplied to the combustor. Absent.
[0009]
In addition, according to the gas turbine system, it is not necessary to separately prepare an energy source for generating a refrigerant in the absorption chiller , and the heat efficiency of the entire gas turbine system is further improved by using the heat of the exhaust gas. .
[0012]
Furthermore, in a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the steam supplied from the first steam generator to the combustor is superheated steam.
[0013]
With this configuration, high-energy steam is supplied into the combustor of the gas turbine, so that the output of the gas turbine is further increased.
[0014]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a gas turbine system including a pure water producing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
The marine gas turbine system of the present invention includes a gas turbine 1 having a marine propulsion device 2 such as a screw, a water jet, an air compressor for hovercraft, etc. and a generator for electric propulsion as loads. The gas turbine 1 compresses air with the compressor 3 and guides it to the combustion chamber of the combustor 4, injects fuel into the combustion chamber and burns it, and drives the turbine 5 with the high-temperature and high-pressure combustion gas.
[0015]
The exhaust gas from the gas turbine 1 is guided to the waste heat boiler 10. The waste heat boiler 10 includes a first steam generator 11, a second steam generator 12, and a raw water heater 13. The first steam generator 11 recovers heat from the introduced exhaust gas to generate superheated steam, and the superheated steam is injected into the combustion chamber of the combustor 4 of the gas turbine 1 through the steam supply pipe 15. On the other hand, since the exhaust gas after heat recovery by the first steam generator 11 still has sufficient thermal energy, it further passes through the second steam generator 12 and the raw water heater 13 in order. After sufficiently recovering the thermal energy, it is discharged from the waste heat boiler 10 and discharged into the atmosphere through a chimney (not shown).
[0016]
As water for steam generation supplied to the first steam generator 11, pure water obtained using seawater as raw water during ship navigation in the pure water production apparatus 20 is used. Examples of the pure water production apparatus 20 for obtaining pure water from seawater include a flash type, a reheat type, and a vapor compression type. It is preferable to use a flash type in terms of thermal efficiency and other points.
[0017]
Next, the pure water production apparatus 20 will be described. The pure water production apparatus 20 heats seawater to obtain pure water by flash evaporation, and circulates seawater taken from the sea with a low-pressure circulation pump 21 and is provided in the circulation path. After heating with the raw water heater 13, the water is blown out from the nozzle to the evaporation chamber in the pure water production apparatus 20. On the other hand, saturated steam is supplied from the middle of the first steam generator 11 to the ejector 25, and the evaporation chamber is evacuated by the suction force of the steam expanding in the ejector 25, so that the pressure in the evaporation chamber is equal to or lower than the saturated vapor pressure. When this happens, the seawater heated and blown into the evaporation chamber boils to generate steam. This steam condenses by touching the cold seawater circulating in the pure water production apparatus 20 as it rises in the evaporation chamber, liquefies and accumulates in the distiller. The accumulated distilled water, that is, pure water from which salt or the like has been removed, is pumped out by the low-pressure feed pump 23 and fed to the low-pressure feed pipe 22.
[0018]
The pure water sent to the low-pressure water supply pipe 22 by the operation of the low-pressure water supply pump 23 is temporarily stored in a water storage tank 30 provided with a water level sensor 32. The low pressure water supply pipe 22 is provided with a control valve 33 that is opened and closed by a water level detection signal from the water level sensor 32. A portion of the pure water stored in the water storage tank 30 is taken out by a drinking water supply means 35 having a drinking water pipe 35a and a water pump 35b connected to the storage tank 30, and used as drinking water. Another part of the pure water stored in the water storage tank 30 can be injected against the high pressure in the combustor 4 by the pure water supply means 36 having a pure water supply pipe 36a and a high pressure pump 36b. The pressure is increased to a high pressure and then supplied to the first steam generator 11. In the first steam generator 11, pure water sent from the pure water supply means 36 is heated by the exhaust gas supplied from the gas turbine 1 to generate steam, and the generated high-pressure superheated steam is supplied to the steam supply pipe 15. It is sent out and injected into the combustion chamber in the combustor 4 of the gas turbine 1. On the other hand, as described above, the saturated steam is supplied to the ejector 25 from the middle of the first steam generator 11, and the steam liquefied from the ejector 25 is collected in the water storage tank 30.
[0019]
Further, the absorption refrigerator 40 will be described. The absorption refrigerator 40 is a well-known type that generates cold water using steam as an energy source. The absorption refrigerator 40 is generated by the steam generated by the second steam generator 12 and supplied via steam supply means 41 having a steam supply pipe. Operate. The cold water obtained by the absorption chiller 40 is supplied to one or more air conditioners 46 in the ship via a refrigerant supply means 45 having a refrigerant supply pipe as a refrigerant. The air conditioner 46 includes the radiator 47 and the air blowing fan 48 shown in FIG. The refrigerant used in the radiator 47 is supplied to the downstream side of the refrigerant supply means 45 and returned to the absorption refrigeration machine 40 again. An opening / closing valve 49 is provided in a pipe branched from the refrigerant supply means 45 and connected to the air conditioner 46 and is opened when the air conditioner 46 is used.
[0020]
The steam supply means 41 from the second steam generator 12 to the absorption refrigerator 40 has a process steam supply pipe 50 for supplying a part of the steam as process steam to a place where steam or hot water is required in the ship. It is connected. The process steam supply pipe 50 is provided with an on-off valve 51 for supplying and stopping steam.
[0021]
Next, the operation of the marine gas turbine system provided with the pure water production apparatus will be described.
[0022]
In the above configuration, pure water is produced by pumping seawater, sending it to the raw water heater 13 with the low-pressure pump 21, heating it, and supplying it to the pure water production apparatus 20. The pure water obtained by the pure water production apparatus 20 is stored in the water storage tank 30 by the low pressure water supply pump 23 via the low pressure water supply pipe 22. The amount of pure water supplied to the water storage tank 30 is adjusted by operating a control valve 33 provided in the low-pressure water supply pipe 22 by a water level sensor 32. That is, when the water level sensor 32 detects the water level at the upper limit level, a detection signal is output and the control valve 33 is closed, thereby regulating the water level below the upper limit level. Moreover, a part of pure water is supplied by the drinking water supply means 35 as drinking water used in the ship. The other part of pure water stored in the water storage tank 30 is supplied to the first steam generator 11 through the pure water supply means 36, and the obtained superheated steam is injected and injected into the combustor 4 of the gas turbine 1. The Furthermore, a part of the pure water stored in the water storage tank 30 is supplied to the second steam generator 12, and the obtained steam is supplied to the absorption chiller 40 through the steam supply pipe 41. The refrigerant obtained by the absorption chiller 40 is sent to the air conditioner 46 in the ship to cool the ship. The temperature adjustment of the air conditioner 46 is performed by controlling the steam supplied through the steam supply means 41. For example, the temperature sensor 42 is provided in the refrigerant supply means 45, the control valve 43 is provided in the vapor supply means 41, and the supply is performed by adjusting the opening of the control valve 43 based on the temperature detection signal from the temperature sensor 42. The amount of vapor is controlled to adjust the refrigerant in the refrigerant supply means 45 to a temperature set in advance in the temperature sensor 42. The refrigerant used in the air conditioner 46 is supplied to the downstream side of the refrigerant supply means 45 and returned to the absorption refrigerator 40 again. Further, the drain from the absorption refrigerator 40 is supplied to the low-pressure water supply pipe 22 and returned to the water storage tank 30 through the low-pressure water supply pipe 22. Further, by opening the on-off valve 51 provided in the process steam supply pipe 50, the process steam is supplied to the place where steam or hot water is required through the process steam supply pipe 50.
[0023]
In the present embodiment, the first steam generator 11 and the second steam generator 12 are provided separately as the evaporation generator, but the first steam generator 11 and the second steam generator 12 may be common.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the marine gas turbine system of the present invention, by supplying the steam generated by recovering heat from the exhaust gas in the first steam generator to the combustor, the energy of the steam is injected. , since the specific heat at constant pressure is increased, since the large expansion work in the turbine, increasing the output of the gas turbine, and reduced fuel consumption and improved heat efficiency, and NO _x can be reduced. Further, since the pure water production apparatus is operated by recovering heat from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine, the heat of the relatively high temperature exhaust gas coming out of the gas turbine can be effectively recovered together with the heat recovery in the first steam generator. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the system is improved. In addition, since steam generated from pure water is supplied to the combustor, there is no damage to the waste heat boiler and gas turbine such as corrosion of the boiler pipe and turbine blade. In addition, drinking water for passengers or passengers necessary for the operation of the ship is secured.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic configuration diagram showing a marine gas turbine system including a pure water producing apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of an air conditioner 46 for a marine gas turbine according to the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Gas turbine, 2 ... Marine propulsion device, 3 ... Compressor, 4 ... Combustor, 5 ... Turbine, 11 ... 1st steam generator, 12 ... 2nd steam generator, 13 ... Raw water heater, 15 ... Steam Supply means, 20 ... pure water production apparatus, 30 ... water storage tank, 35 ... drinking water supply means, 36 ... pure water supply means, 40 ... absorption refrigerator, 45 ... refrigerant supply means, 46 ... air conditioner.

Claims (2)

A gas turbine having a compressor, a combustor, and a turbine and driving a marine propulsion device;
A first steam generator for generating steam by recovering heat from the exhaust gas of the gas turbine;
A raw water heater for recovering heat from the exhaust gas and heating the raw water;
A pure water production apparatus for obtaining pure water from heated raw water;
A water storage tank for storing pure water obtained by the pure water production apparatus;
Drinking water supply means for taking out a portion of pure water in the water storage tank as drinking water ;
A steam supply means for supplying steam obtained in the previous SL first steam generator to the combustor,
And the absorption chiller to produce a refrigerant as an energy source a gas steam,
A second steam generator supplied to the absorption chiller to generate steam from another part of the pure water heat recovery to the water storage tank before SL gas,
Pure water supply means for supplying still another part of the pure water from a water storage tank to the first steam generator;
Refrigerant supply means for supplying the refrigerant obtained by the absorption refrigeration machine to the air conditioner in the ship ,
Marine gas turbine system equipped with   The marine gas turbine system according to claim 1, wherein the steam supplied from the first steam generator to the combustor is superheated steam.

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