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JP4131926B2 - Gas circuit breaker - Google Patents
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JP4131926B2 - Gas circuit breaker - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4131926B2
JP4131926B2 JP2002283856A JP2002283856A JP4131926B2 JP 4131926 B2 JP4131926 B2 JP 4131926B2 JP 2002283856 A JP2002283856 A JP 2002283856A JP 2002283856 A JP2002283856 A JP 2002283856A JP 4131926 B2 JP4131926 B2 JP 4131926B2
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JP
Japan
Prior art keywords
contact
circuit breaker
gas circuit
nozzle
arc
Prior art date
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Expired - Fee Related
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JP2002283856A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2004119290A (en
Inventor
紀光 加藤
弘基 伊藤
大輔 吉田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Toshiba Corp
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Toshiba Corp
Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Priority to JP2002283856A priority Critical patent/JP4131926B2/en
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H01ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01HELECTRIC SWITCHES; RELAYS; SELECTORS; EMERGENCY PROTECTIVE DEVICES
    • H01H33/00High-tension or heavy-current switches with arc-extinguishing or arc-preventing means
    • H01H33/70Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid
    • H01H33/7015Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts
    • H01H33/7023Switches with separate means for directing, obtaining, or increasing flow of arc-extinguishing fluid characterised by flow directing elements associated with contacts characterised by an insulating tubular gas flow enhancing nozzle

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  • Circuit Breakers (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、高電圧系統に設けられるガス遮断器に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
高電圧の電力系統などで多く用いられているガス遮断器は、接点開離時にSF6などの消弧性能の高い絶縁ガスを絶縁物からなるノズルを介して固定接点と可動接点との間隙部に吹付け、固定及び可動接点間に発生するアークを消弧して大電流を遮断するものである。
【0003】
図7は従来のガス遮断器の構成例を示す断面図である。
【0004】
図7において、1は内部に接点部が設けられる円筒状の容器で、この容器1の一方の開口端部には操作筒2が、他方の開口端部には冷却筒3が同一軸線上にそれぞれ取付けられ、これらにより消弧室4が構成されている。
【0005】
容器1内には通常の電流を流す固定接点5aが冷却筒3の内側筒状部に取付けて設けられると共に、冷却筒3内にスペーサ6を介して支持され且つ先端部を容器1内の中心軸線上に臨ませて遮断時にアーク電流を流す固定接点7aが設けられている。
【0006】
また、操作筒2内にはその中心軸線上に中空操作軸8を有するパッファシリンダ9がパッファピストン10の外周面に沿って軸方方向に摺接移動可能に設けられ、このパッファシリンダ9の先端部に固定接点5aに対峙させて接離可能に可動接点5bが取付けられると共に、その内側に固定接点7aに対峙させて接離可能に可動接点7bが取付けられ、さらに可動接点5bとアーク可動接点7bとの間にアーク固定接点7bにSF6などの絶縁ガスを吹付ける絶縁物からなるノズル11が取付けられている。
【0007】
ここで、通常の電流を流す固定接点5aと可動接点5bは、主接点5を構成し、遮断時にアーク電流を流す固定接点7aと可動接点7bは、アーク接点7を構成している。
【0008】
このような構成のガス遮断器において、図示しない操作機構により中空操作軸8が開路操作されると、まず主接点5の固定接点5aと可動接点5bとが開離し、電流が主接点5からアーク接点7に移行する。
【0009】
次にアーク接点7の固定接点7aと可動接点7bとが開くと、これら接点間にアークが発生する。これと平行してパッファシリンダ9の移動によりパッファピストン10との間に形成されるパッファ室12が縮小され、このパッファ室12に存在しているSF6ガスが圧縮され、ノズル11を通してアーク接点7間に吹付けられる。
【0010】
このノズル11から強力に吹付けられたSF6ガスにより、アークは急速に冷却されて消滅し、電流が遮断される。このとき、ノズル11の下流側に設けられた冷却筒3内では、アークによって高温となったSF6ガスが徐々に冷却され、消弧室外部に排出される。
【0011】
ところで、熱ガスは高温で密度が低いため、通常のSF6に比べ絶縁性能が低い。また、電流遮断時には高い過渡回復電圧が発生するので、冷却筒3から排出される熱ガスをうまく制御して高い回復電圧に絶縁が耐えられるようにすることが設計の重要なポイントとなる。
【0012】
近年のガス遮断器においては、小型化、高性能化が進み、同一定格の遮断器はその体格が益々小さくなる傾向にある。また、冷却筒3も小型化が進んでいるが、冷却筒2の流路断面積が小さ過ぎると、発生した熱ガスが冷却筒3の内部に充満し、下流への流れが阻害される。すると、熱ガスはアーク接点や主接点の方へ逆流を始めるが、アーク接点側はガスの圧縮があり、絶縁耐力が高いため、破壊の可能性は比較的低い。しかし、万一熱ガスが主接点の方へ流れ込んで絶縁破壊すると、主接点には電流遮断能力が全くないので、遮断不能となり、極めて重大な故障モードとなる。
【0013】
そこで、最近のガス遮断器においては、図8に示すようにノズル11の下流側先端を広げて冷却筒3内部の円筒部材3aと小ギャップ13を保ちながら摺動するような構成とし、熱ガスが主接点5に逆流しないような構成とすることが多い。
【0014】
ここで、小ギャップ13を設ける理由は、ノズル11にPTFE(テフロン)系の材料を用いる場合が多く、線膨張係数が大きいため、高温となって膨張した際に冷却筒3内部の円筒部材3aと接触と固渋するのを避けるためである。
【0015】
このような構成にすると、ノズル11は開路状態でも接点間を橋絡する形で配置されるので、ノズル11には遮断器極間の全電圧が印加されることになる。また、負荷電流や短絡電流の場合には、回復電圧は交流となるが、絶縁物であるノズル11にとってはそれほど厳しい条件ではない。
【0016】
一方、ガス遮断器により無負荷送電線、ケーブル充電電流、コンデンサバンクなどを開閉した後は、片側に直流電圧が残るので、極間にも直流電圧が印加されることになる。
【0017】
従って、絶縁物が存在する交流電界は、絶縁物の誘電率で支配されるのに対して、直流電界の場合には絶縁物の抵抗率で支配される。
【0018】
ここで、代表的な消弧室の極間の交流等電位線を図9に示し、直流等電位線を図10に示す。
【0019】
直流電界の場合、絶縁物と金属の間に微小なギャップが存在すると、ギャップの低効率が高いので、等電位線がギャップに集中して部分的に極めて高い電界を発生し、場合によってはそこを起点として絶縁破壊が発生する可能性があり、大変深刻な問題となる。
【0020】
また、磁気碍管ブッシングなどを有するガス遮断器の場合には、碍管表面の漏れ電流によって送電線などに残った電荷が次第に減衰して直流電圧も低下して行く。しかし、ケーブル接続のガス絶縁開閉装置に用いられているガス遮断器の場合、電荷が短時間のうちに逃げるルートがないため、直流電圧が減衰せず継続時間が長くなり、より一層深刻な問題となる。
【0021】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
このように従来のガス遮断器では、ノズル下流側先端と冷却筒円筒部材の間にギャップが存在するため、直流電圧が印加される場合、そこに等電位線が集中して絶縁破壊に至るという問題がある。
【0022】
本発明は上記のような事情に鑑みてなされたもので、ギャップ部に等電位線が集中することなく、直流絶縁性能の低下の危険性もないガス絶縁遮断器を提供することを目的とする。
【0023】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明は上記の目的を達成するため、次のような手段によりガス遮断器を構成する。
【0024】
請求項1に対応する発明は、固定接点及びこの固定接点に接離可能な可動接点からなる主接点と、この主接点の開離時に電流を移行させてアークを発生させる固定接点及びこの固定接点に接離可能な可動接点からなるアーク接点と、前記主接点の可動接点に取付けられ、前記アーク接点の開離時に消弧性ガスを導入し前記アーク接点間に吹付けてアークを消弧する絶縁物で構成されたほぼ円筒形状のノズルと、前記主接点の固定接点及び前記アーク接点の固定接点をそれぞれの可動接点に対峙する位置に設けた内面がほぼ円筒形の導電性構造部材とを備えたガス遮断器において、前記ノズルを、その下流側先端が常時前記導電性構造部材の内面と微小ギャップを保ちつつ摺動する大きさ及び形状に構成し、且つ前記ノズルの下流側先端部の外周面に前記導電性構造部材と電気的接続を保持する接触手段を設ける。
【0025】
請求項2に対応する発明は、請求項1に対応する発明のガス遮断器において、前記接続手段は、前記接触手段は、前記ノズルの下流側先端部の外周面に設けられた円周方向の溝内に導電性オーリングを嵌め込んだ構成として、前記ノズルと前記導電性構造部材とが摺動可能で且つ常時接触するようにしたものである。
【0026】
請求項3に対応する発明は、請求項2に対応する発明のガス遮断器において、前記導電性オーリングは、エチレン・プロピレンゴムを主成分として構成されたものである。
【0027】
請求項4に対応する発明は、請求項2又は請求項3に対応する発明のガス遮断器において、前記ノズルに設けられた溝に前記オーリングが密閉空間に閉じ込められるように樹脂製の摺動部材を嵌め込む。
【0028】
請求項5に対応する発明は、請求項1記載のガス遮断器において、前記接触手段は、前記ノズルの下流側先端部の外周面に設けられた円周方向の溝内に波板バネを嵌め込んだ構成として、前記ノズルと前記導電性構造部材とが摺動可能で且つ常時接触するようにしたものである。
【0029】
請求項6に対応する発明は、請求項5に対応する発明のガス遮断器において、前記ノズルに設けられた溝に前記波板バネが密閉空間に閉じ込められるように樹脂製の摺動部材を嵌め込む。
【0030】
請求項7に対応する発明は、請求項1に対応する発明のガス遮断器において、前記接触手段は、前記ノズルの下流側先端部に複数個の半径方向の穴を円周方向に設け、この穴に樹脂製の摺動部材からなる頭付ピンを弾性体を介して取付けた構成として、前記ノズルと前記導電性構造部材とが摺動可能で且つ常時接触するようにしたものである。
【0031】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下本発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して説明する。
【0032】
図1は本発明によるガス遮断器の第1の実施形態を示す断面図で、図7と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異なる部分について述べる。
【0033】
第1の実施形態では、図1に示すように消弧室4の固定側、つまり冷却筒3側に内面がほぼ円筒形の導電性構造部材3aをアーク接点7の固定接点7bと同心円状に配置し、可動接点5bに取付けられるノズル11の下流側先端部を導電性構造部材3aの内面と微小ギャップ13を保ちつつ摺動する大きさ及び形状に構成し、且つノズル11の下流側先端部外面と導電性構造部材3aとの間に常時電気的接続を保持する導電性を有する接触部材14を設けるものである。
【0034】
このような構成のガス遮断器とすれば、ノズル先端は、円筒形導電性構造部材3aとの間に微小ギャップしか存在していないので、電流遮断時に発生した高温の熱ガスが消弧室4の主接点5へ流れ込んで、主接点5を起点とする絶縁破壊を防止することができる。
【0035】
一方、ケーブル充電電流などを遮断した後に直流電圧が残った場合でも、ノズル11の先端部には微小ギャップ13があるもののノズル11と固定側は電気的に接続されているので、等電位線がギャップ部分に集中して高い電界になることはない。
【0036】
図2は本発明によるガス遮断器の第2の実施形態を示す断面図で、図1と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異なる部分について述べる。
【0037】
第2の実施形態では、ノズル11の下流側先端部外面の円周方向に溝15を設け、この溝15内に導電性を有するオーリング16を嵌め込んでノズル先端と導電性構造部材13とを常時電気的に接続するようにしたものである。この場合、オーリング16は弾性体であり、ノズル11が多少膨張して寸法変化しても接触と摺動を十分維持することが可能である。また、オーリング16に微量のカーボンなどを添加することで、導電性を有する特性にすることができる。
【0038】
このような構成のガス遮断器とすれば、簡単な構成で第1の実施形態と同様の効果を得ることができ、またオーリング16を用いることで熱ガスの主接点方向への侵入を完全に防ぐことができる。
【0039】
ここで、上記オーリング16としてエチレン・プロピレンゴムを主成分とした材料を用いることにより、高温条件下や分解ガス存在下でも、性能劣化を起こすことなく、前述した効果を得ることができる。
【0040】
ガス遮断器は、電流遮断時にSF6ガスを分解し、SF4、SOF2、HFなどの反応性の高いガスが発生する。オーリング16にもこれらのガスが影響を及ぼす可能性があるので、耐薬品性の強いオーリングを選定することが好ましい。
【0041】
また、遮断器は通常の運転状態では、周囲温度から65度まで通電部分の温度が上昇することが許容されている。つまり、このオーリング16には105度程度でも所要の性能を発揮することが要求されることになる。そこで、使用温度が高く、耐薬品性能を要求される用途としては、エチレン・プロピレンゴムが最も適していると考えられる。
【0042】
図3は本発明によるガス遮断器の第3の実施形態を示す断面図で、図1と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異なる部分について述べる。
【0043】
オーリング16としてエチレン・プロピレンゴムを用いても、極めて大きな遮断電流の場合や、極めて高い品質が要求される場合には、分解ガスに対する懸念が完全に払拭できない場合がある。
【0044】
第3の実施形態では、図3に示すようにオーリング16と固定側円筒形導電性構造部材3aとの間に、帯状の樹脂製摺動リング17を挿入するものである。ここで、もう少し詳細に述べると、オーリング16を入れた溝15の上からPTFEなどの樹脂により形成された帯状の樹脂製摺動リング17を全周に亘って嵌め込む。
【0045】
この場合、帯状の樹脂製摺動リング17が摺動しているうちに、このリングが外れないように溝15の中に帯板の厚み方向が半分程度入るような構成にしておく必要がある。
【0046】
このような構成とすれば、オーリング16はほぼ密閉空間に閉じ込められ、分解ガスに直接接しないので、分解ガスの影響を極めて受けにくくなり、オーリング接触部の信頼性を更に高めることかできる。
【0047】
図4は本発明によるガス遮断器の第4の実施形態を示し、(a)は断面図、(b)は(a)のA−A線に沿う矢視断面図で、図1と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異なる部分について述べる。
【0048】
第4の実施形態では、ノズル11の下流側先端の外表面円周方向に溝15を設け、この溝15内に波板バネ18を嵌め込んでノズル11の先端と導電性構造部材3aとを接触させて常時電気的に接続するようにしたものである。
【0049】
このような構成としても、第2の実施形態と同様の効果が得られることに加え、次のような作用効果を得ることができる。
【0050】
すなわち、この波板バネ18によるノズル11の先端と導電性構造部材3aとの接触方式は、オーリング16に比べて接触荷重を自由に設定することが比較的容易で、かつバネのストロークを大きくとることが可能である。これにより、摺動抵抗の低減、かじり防止などの効果を持たせることが可能である。また、波板バネ18にはバネ鋼を用いて構成すれば、ゴムに比べて耐分解ガス性能が遥かに高いので、分解ガスによる劣化がほとんどなくなる。
【0051】
図5は本発明によるガス遮断器の第5の実施形態を示す断面図で、図1と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異なる部分について述べる。
【0052】
前述した第4の実施形態では、バネ荷重を最適値に設定することができるが、波板バネ18の山の部分が導電性構造部材3aの円筒部内面に当たった場合、かじりを生じる可能性がある。
【0053】
第5の実施形態では、図5に示すように波板バネ18と導電性構造部材3aとの間に、第3の実施形態と同様に帯状の樹脂製摺動リング17を挿入するようにしたものである。
【0054】
このような構成とすれば、第1の実施形態と同様の効果が得られることに加えて、テフロンなどの帯状の樹脂製摺動リング17を波板バネ18と導電性構造部材3aとの間に介在させることにより、波板バネ18の山部のかじりを防止することができる。
【0055】
図6は本発明によるガス遮断器の第6の実施形態を示す断面図で、図1と同一部分には同一符号を付してその説明を省略し、ここでは異なる部分について述べる。
【0056】
前述した第2の実施形態乃至第5の実施形態では、いずれもノズル11の先端部に溝15を設ける必要がある。ノズル11は接点交換時の治具取付けのためにノズルの下流側先端部に切欠き19を設ける場合があるが、円周方向に溝があるとこの切欠きが構成しにくく、しかも長手方向に冗長になる。
【0057】
そこで、本実施形態では、図6に示すようにノズル11の先端部に半径方向の穴20を円周方向に沿って3〜4個設け、これらの穴内にコイルバネなどの弾性体21を介して摺動部材で構成された頭付ピン22をそれぞれ挿入するものである。
【0058】
この場合、頭付ピン22は弾性体21に押されて導電性構造部材3aとノズル11との間で常に電気的接触を維持している。また、頭付ピン22はPTFEなどの樹脂製で摺動特性に優れた材料を用いることで、かじりを防止できるようにしている。
【0059】
このような構成とすれば、第1の実施形態と同様の効果が得られることに加え、ノズル交換治具取付用の切欠きがノズル11の先端部に設けられていても、この切欠きによる影響を受けずに導電性構造部材3aとノズル11との間で常に電気的接触を維持させることができる。
【0060】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように本発明によるガス遮断器によれば、ノズルの下流側先端部が固定側の円筒状導電性構造物の内面を微小なギャップを保持しつつ摺動するようにしたので、電流遮断時に発生した熱ガスが主接点方向へ流れ込むことを防止できると共に、進み電流遮断後などに発生する直流電圧が消弧室に印加された場合でも、ノズル先端の微小ギャップを起点として絶縁破壊することのない消弧室を構成することができ、また反応性の高い分解ガスへの対策もとることが可能である。
【0061】
また、冷却筒の大きさや消弧室自体の大きさ、ガスを封入する容器の大きさ、更には遮断器としての体格を小さくできるとともに、高性能化を進めることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明によるガス遮断器の第1の実施形態を示す断面図。
【図2】本発明によるガス遮断器の第2の実施形態の要部を示す断面図。
【図3】本発明によるガス遮断器の第3の実施形態の要部を示す断面図。
【図4】本発明によるガス遮断器の第4の実施形態の要部を示し、(a)は断面図、(b)は(a)のA−A線に沿う矢視断面図。
【図5】本発明によるガス遮断器の第5の実施形態の要部を示す断面図。
【図6】本発明によるガス遮断器の第6の実施形態を示すもので、(a)は要部断面図、(b)は円筒形導電性構造物とノズルの先端部との接触部を示す径方向断面図、(c)は(b)のX部を拡大して示す断面図。
【図7】従来のガス遮断器の構成例を示す断面図。
【図8】従来の熱ガス逆流対策を施したガス遮断器の要部を示す断面図。
【図9】従来のガス遮断器において、代表的な消弧室の極間の交流等電位線を示す断面図。
【図10】同じく代表的な消弧室の極間の直流等電位線を示す断面図。
【符号の説明】
1…容器
2…操作筒
3…冷却筒
4…消弧室
5…主接点(固定接点5a、可動接点5b)
6…スペーサ
7…アーク接点(アーク固定接点7a、アーク可動接点7b)
8…中空操作軸
9…パッファシリンダ
10…パッファピストン
11…ノズル
12…パッファ室
13…微小ギャップ
14…接触部材
15…溝
16…オーリング
17…樹脂製摺動リング
18…波板バネ
19…切欠き
20…穴
21…弾性体
22…頭付ピン
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a gas circuit breaker provided in a high voltage system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A gas circuit breaker often used in a high voltage power system or the like is a gap between a fixed contact and a movable contact through a nozzle made of an insulating gas such as SF 6 with high arc extinguishing performance when the contact is opened. The arc generated between the fixed and movable contacts is extinguished to interrupt a large current.
[0003]
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional gas circuit breaker.
[0004]
In FIG. 7, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical container provided with a contact portion therein, and an operation cylinder 2 is provided on one opening end of the container 1 and a cooling cylinder 3 is provided on the same axis at the other opening end. The arc extinguishing chamber 4 is configured by attaching them.
[0005]
A fixed contact 5a for passing a normal current is provided in the container 1 so as to be attached to the inner cylindrical portion of the cooling cylinder 3, and is supported in the cooling cylinder 3 via a spacer 6 and the tip is centered in the container 1. A fixed contact 7a is provided so as to face the axis and allow an arc current to flow when interrupted.
[0006]
A puffer cylinder 9 having a hollow operating shaft 8 on its central axis is provided in the operating cylinder 2 so as to be slidable in the axial direction along the outer peripheral surface of the puffer piston 10. The movable contact 5b is attached to the portion so as to be able to contact and separate from the fixed contact 5a, and the movable contact 7b is attached to the inside thereof so as to be able to contact and separate from the fixed contact 7a. A nozzle 11 made of an insulator for blowing an insulating gas such as SF6 is attached to the arc fixed contact 7b.
[0007]
Here, the fixed contact 5a and the movable contact 5b through which a normal current flows constitute the main contact 5, and the fixed contact 7a and the movable contact 7b through which an arc current flows when interrupted constitute the arc contact 7.
[0008]
In the gas circuit breaker having such a configuration, when the hollow operation shaft 8 is opened by an operation mechanism (not shown), the fixed contact 5a and the movable contact 5b of the main contact 5 are first separated, and the current is arced from the main contact 5. Transition to contact 7.
[0009]
Next, when the fixed contact 7a and the movable contact 7b of the arc contact 7 are opened, an arc is generated between these contacts. In parallel with this, the movement of the puffer cylinder 9 reduces the puffer chamber 12 formed between the puffer piston 10 and the SF6 gas present in the puffer chamber 12 is compressed, and the arc contact 7 is passed through the nozzle 11. Be sprayed on.
[0010]
With the SF 6 gas blown strongly from the nozzle 11, the arc is rapidly cooled and disappears, and the current is cut off. At this time, in the cooling cylinder 3 provided on the downstream side of the nozzle 11, the SF 6 gas that has become hot due to the arc is gradually cooled and discharged outside the arc extinguishing chamber.
[0011]
By the way, since hot gas is high temperature and its density is low, its insulation performance is lower than that of normal SF 6 . Further, since a high transient recovery voltage is generated when the current is interrupted, it is an important design point to properly control the hot gas discharged from the cooling cylinder 3 so that the insulation can withstand the high recovery voltage.
[0012]
In recent years, gas circuit breakers have been reduced in size and performance, and circuit breakers having the same rating tend to become smaller. Although the cooling cylinder 3 is also being reduced in size, if the flow path cross-sectional area of the cooling cylinder 2 is too small, the generated hot gas fills the inside of the cooling cylinder 3 and the downstream flow is obstructed. Then, the hot gas starts to flow back toward the arc contact and the main contact, but the arc contact side has gas compression, and since the dielectric strength is high, the possibility of destruction is relatively low. However, if hot gas flows into the main contact and breaks down, the main contact has no current interrupting capability, so that it cannot be interrupted, and a very serious failure mode occurs.
[0013]
Therefore, in a recent gas circuit breaker, as shown in FIG. 8, the downstream end of the nozzle 11 is widened so as to slide while maintaining a small gap 13 with the cylindrical member 3 a inside the cooling cylinder 3. Is often configured not to flow back to the main contact 5.
[0014]
Here, the reason why the small gap 13 is provided is that a PTFE (Teflon) -based material is often used for the nozzle 11 and the linear expansion coefficient is large, so that the cylindrical member 3a inside the cooling cylinder 3 when expanded at a high temperature. This is to avoid contact and firmness.
[0015]
With such a configuration, since the nozzle 11 is arranged in a form of bridging between the contacts even in the open circuit state, the entire voltage between the breaker poles is applied to the nozzle 11. In the case of a load current or a short-circuit current, the recovery voltage is an alternating current, but it is not so severe for the nozzle 11 that is an insulator.
[0016]
On the other hand, after the no-load transmission line, cable charging current, capacitor bank, and the like are opened and closed by the gas circuit breaker, a DC voltage remains on one side, so that a DC voltage is also applied between the electrodes.
[0017]
Therefore, an AC electric field in which an insulator exists is governed by the dielectric constant of the insulator, whereas in the case of a DC electric field, it is governed by the resistivity of the insulator.
[0018]
Here, an AC equipotential line between the poles of a typical arc extinguishing chamber is shown in FIG. 9, and a DC equipotential line is shown in FIG.
[0019]
In the case of a DC electric field, if there is a minute gap between the insulator and the metal, the low efficiency of the gap is high, so the equipotential lines are concentrated in the gap, and a very high electric field is generated partially. As a starting point, dielectric breakdown may occur, which is a very serious problem.
[0020]
In the case of a gas circuit breaker having a magnetic soot tube bushing or the like, the charge remaining on the power transmission line or the like is gradually attenuated by the leakage current on the soot tube surface, and the DC voltage is also lowered. However, in the case of a gas circuit breaker used in a cable-connected gas-insulated switchgear, since there is no route for electric charges to escape in a short time, the DC voltage is not attenuated and the duration is longer, which is a more serious problem. It becomes.
[0021]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, in the conventional gas circuit breaker, since a gap exists between the nozzle downstream end and the cooling cylinder member, when a DC voltage is applied, equipotential lines concentrate on the gap, resulting in dielectric breakdown. There's a problem.
[0022]
The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a gas insulated circuit breaker in which equipotential lines are not concentrated in the gap portion and there is no risk of deterioration of DC insulation performance. .
[0023]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention constitutes a gas circuit breaker by the following means.
[0024]
The invention corresponding to claim 1 includes a main contact comprising a fixed contact and a movable contact that can be moved toward and away from the fixed contact, a fixed contact that causes an electric current to be generated when the main contact is opened, and the fixed contact. The arc contact is composed of a movable contact that can be contacted with and separated from, and the movable contact of the main contact. When the arc contact is opened, an arc extinguishing gas is introduced and sprayed between the arc contacts to extinguish the arc. A substantially cylindrical nozzle made of an insulator, and a conductive structure member having a substantially cylindrical inner surface provided with a fixed contact of the main contact and a fixed contact of the arc contact facing each movable contact. In the gas circuit breaker provided, the nozzle has a size and a shape in which the downstream tip always slides while maintaining a minute gap with the inner surface of the conductive structural member, and the downstream tip of the nozzle Outside Providing a contact means for holding the conductive structural member and electrically connected to the surface.
[0025]
The invention corresponding to claim 2 is the gas circuit breaker of the invention corresponding to claim 1, wherein the connection means is a circumferential direction provided on the outer peripheral surface of the downstream tip of the nozzle. As a configuration in which a conductive O-ring is fitted in the groove, the nozzle and the conductive structural member are slidable and are always in contact with each other.
[0026]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the gas circuit breaker according to the second aspect of the present invention, the conductive O-ring is composed mainly of ethylene / propylene rubber.
[0027]
The invention corresponding to claim 4 is the gas circuit breaker according to claim 2 or claim 3, wherein the o-ring is sealed in a sealed space in a groove provided in the nozzle. Fit the member.
[0028]
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the gas circuit breaker according to the first aspect, the contact means includes a corrugated spring fitted in a circumferential groove provided on the outer peripheral surface of the downstream tip portion of the nozzle. In this configuration, the nozzle and the conductive structural member are slidable and are always in contact with each other.
[0029]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the gas circuit breaker according to the fifth aspect of the present invention, a resin sliding member is fitted in the groove provided in the nozzle so that the corrugated spring is confined in the sealed space. Include.
[0030]
According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the gas circuit breaker according to the first aspect of the present invention, the contact means is provided with a plurality of radial holes in a circumferential direction at a downstream end portion of the nozzle, As a configuration in which a headed pin made of a resin sliding member is attached to the hole via an elastic body, the nozzle and the conductive structural member are slidable and are always in contact with each other.
[0031]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.
[0032]
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a first embodiment of a gas circuit breaker according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG.
[0033]
In the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, a conductive structure member 3 a whose inner surface is substantially cylindrical on the fixed side of the arc extinguishing chamber 4, that is, on the cooling cylinder 3 side, is concentric with the fixed contact 7 b of the arc contact 7. The downstream end of the nozzle 11 that is disposed and attached to the movable contact 5b is configured to have a size and shape that slides while maintaining the minute gap 13 with the inner surface of the conductive structural member 3a, and the downstream end of the nozzle 11 A conductive contact member 14 that always maintains an electrical connection is provided between the outer surface and the conductive structural member 3a.
[0034]
In the case of the gas circuit breaker having such a configuration, only a small gap exists between the tip of the nozzle and the cylindrical conductive structural member 3a. It is possible to prevent dielectric breakdown starting from the main contact 5.
[0035]
On the other hand, even when the DC voltage remains after the cable charging current is cut off, the nozzle 11 and the fixed side are electrically connected although the minute gap 13 is at the tip of the nozzle 11, so that the equipotential line is A high electric field is not concentrated in the gap portion.
[0036]
FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a second embodiment of the gas circuit breaker according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG.
[0037]
In the second embodiment, a groove 15 is provided in the circumferential direction of the outer surface of the downstream end of the nozzle 11, and a conductive O-ring 16 is fitted into the groove 15, so that the nozzle tip, the conductive structural member 13, Are always connected electrically. In this case, the O-ring 16 is an elastic body and can sufficiently maintain contact and sliding even if the nozzle 11 expands somewhat and changes its dimensions. Further, by adding a small amount of carbon or the like to the O-ring 16, it is possible to obtain a characteristic having conductivity.
[0038]
If the gas circuit breaker having such a configuration is used, the same effects as those of the first embodiment can be obtained with a simple configuration, and the use of the O-ring 16 can completely prevent the hot gas from entering the main contact direction. Can be prevented.
[0039]
Here, by using a material mainly composed of ethylene / propylene rubber as the O-ring 16, the above-described effects can be obtained without causing performance deterioration even under high temperature conditions or in the presence of cracked gas.
[0040]
The gas circuit breaker decomposes the SF 6 gas when the current is interrupted, and a highly reactive gas such as SF 4 , SOF 2 , or HF is generated. Since these gases may also affect the O-ring 16, it is preferable to select an O-ring having strong chemical resistance.
[0041]
In the normal operating state, the circuit breaker is allowed to increase the temperature of the energized portion from the ambient temperature to 65 degrees. That is, the O-ring 16 is required to exhibit the required performance even at about 105 degrees. Therefore, it is considered that ethylene / propylene rubber is most suitable as an application that requires high use temperature and chemical resistance.
[0042]
FIG. 3 is a sectional view showing a third embodiment of the gas circuit breaker according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG.
[0043]
Even when ethylene / propylene rubber is used as the O-ring 16, in the case of an extremely large breaking current or when extremely high quality is required, the concern about the cracked gas may not be completely eliminated.
[0044]
In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, a belt-shaped resin sliding ring 17 is inserted between the O-ring 16 and the fixed-side cylindrical conductive structural member 3a. Here, in more detail, a belt-shaped resin sliding ring 17 formed of a resin such as PTFE is fitted over the entire circumference from above the groove 15 in which the O-ring 16 is placed.
[0045]
In this case, it is necessary to have a configuration in which about half of the thickness direction of the band plate enters the groove 15 so that the ring-shaped resin sliding ring 17 slides while the band-shaped resin sliding ring 17 does not come off. .
[0046]
With such a configuration, the O-ring 16 is almost confined in a sealed space and does not directly contact the cracked gas, so that it is hardly affected by the cracked gas, and the reliability of the O-ring contact portion can be further improved. .
[0047]
4A and 4B show a fourth embodiment of the gas circuit breaker according to the present invention, wherein FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. The same reference numerals are given to the components, and the description thereof is omitted. Different parts will be described here.
[0048]
In the fourth embodiment, a groove 15 is provided in the outer surface circumferential direction of the downstream end of the nozzle 11, and a corrugated spring 18 is fitted into the groove 15 to connect the tip of the nozzle 11 and the conductive structural member 3 a. It is made to contact and always connect electrically.
[0049]
Even with such a configuration, in addition to the same effects as those of the second embodiment, the following operational effects can be obtained.
[0050]
That is, the contact method between the tip of the nozzle 11 and the conductive structural member 3a by the corrugated spring 18 is relatively easy to set the contact load freely compared to the O-ring 16, and the spring stroke is increased. It is possible to take. Thereby, it is possible to provide effects such as reduction of sliding resistance and prevention of galling. Further, if the corrugated spring 18 is made of spring steel, the decomposition gas performance is much higher than that of rubber, so there is almost no deterioration due to the decomposition gas.
[0051]
FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a fifth embodiment of the gas circuit breaker according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG.
[0052]
In the fourth embodiment described above, the spring load can be set to an optimum value. However, when the crest portion of the corrugated spring 18 hits the inner surface of the cylindrical portion of the conductive structural member 3a, there is a possibility of galling. There is.
[0053]
In the fifth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a belt-shaped resin sliding ring 17 is inserted between the corrugated spring 18 and the conductive structural member 3a in the same manner as in the third embodiment. Is.
[0054]
With such a configuration, in addition to obtaining the same effect as that of the first embodiment, a belt-shaped resin sliding ring 17 such as Teflon is provided between the corrugated spring 18 and the conductive structural member 3a. By intervening, the crest of the peak portion of the corrugated spring 18 can be prevented.
[0055]
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view showing a sixth embodiment of the gas circuit breaker according to the present invention. The same parts as those in FIG.
[0056]
In any of the second to fifth embodiments described above, it is necessary to provide the groove 15 at the tip of the nozzle 11. The nozzle 11 may be provided with a notch 19 at the downstream end of the nozzle for mounting a jig when exchanging contacts. However, if there is a groove in the circumferential direction, this notch is difficult to configure, and in the longitudinal direction. Become redundant.
[0057]
Therefore, in this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, three to four radial holes 20 are provided along the circumferential direction at the tip of the nozzle 11, and an elastic body 21 such as a coil spring is provided in these holes. Each of the headed pins 22 made of a sliding member is inserted.
[0058]
In this case, the headed pin 22 is pushed by the elastic body 21 and always maintains electrical contact between the conductive structural member 3 a and the nozzle 11. Further, the headed pin 22 is made of resin such as PTFE and has excellent sliding characteristics, thereby preventing galling.
[0059]
With such a configuration, in addition to obtaining the same effect as in the first embodiment, even if a notch for mounting the nozzle replacement jig is provided at the tip of the nozzle 11, the notch It is possible to always maintain electrical contact between the conductive structural member 3a and the nozzle 11 without being affected.
[0060]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the gas circuit breaker according to the present invention, the downstream end of the nozzle slides on the inner surface of the cylindrical conductive structure on the fixed side while maintaining a minute gap. The hot gas generated at the time of interruption can be prevented from flowing in the direction of the main contact, and even if a DC voltage generated after the advance current interruption is applied to the arc extinguishing chamber, the dielectric breakdown starts from the minute gap at the tip of the nozzle An arc-extinguishing chamber can be constructed, and countermeasures against highly reactive cracked gas can be taken.
[0061]
In addition, the size of the cooling cylinder, the size of the arc extinguishing chamber itself, the size of the container enclosing the gas, and the physique as the circuit breaker can be reduced, and the performance can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a first embodiment of a gas circuit breaker according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a second embodiment of a gas circuit breaker according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a third embodiment of a gas circuit breaker according to the present invention.
4A and 4B show a main part of a gas circuit breaker according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention, in which FIG. 4A is a cross-sectional view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.
FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a fifth embodiment of a gas circuit breaker according to the present invention.
6A and 6B show a sixth embodiment of a gas circuit breaker according to the present invention, in which FIG. 6A is a cross-sectional view of an essential part, and FIG. 6B is a diagram showing a contact portion between a cylindrical conductive structure and a tip of a nozzle. The radial direction sectional drawing which shows, (c) is sectional drawing which expands and shows the X section of (b).
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration example of a conventional gas circuit breaker.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view showing a main part of a conventional gas circuit breaker that has taken measures against hot gas backflow.
FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing an AC equipotential line between the poles of a typical arc extinguishing chamber in a conventional gas circuit breaker.
FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing a DC equipotential line between poles of a typical arc extinguishing chamber.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Container 2 ... Operation cylinder 3 ... Cooling cylinder 4 ... Arc-extinguishing chamber 5 ... Main contact (fixed contact 5a, movable contact 5b)
6 ... Spacer 7 ... Arc contact (arc fixed contact 7a, arc movable contact 7b)
8 ... Hollow operating shaft 9 ... Puffer cylinder 10 ... Puffer piston 11 ... Nozzle 12 ... Puffer chamber 13 ... Micro gap 14 ... Contact member 15 ... Groove 16 ... O-ring 17 ... Resin sliding ring 18 ... Corrugated leaf spring 19 ... Cutting Notch 20 ... hole 21 ... elastic body 22 ... headed pin

Claims (7)

固定接点及びこの固定接点に接離可能な可動接点からなる主接点と、この主接点の開離時に電流を移行させてアークを発生させる固定接点及びこの固定接点に接離可能な可動接点からなるアーク接点と、前記主接点の可動接点に取付けられ、前記アーク接点の開離時に消弧性ガスを導入し前記アーク接点間に吹付けてアークを消弧する絶縁物で構成されたほぼ円筒形状のノズルと、前記主接点の固定接点及び前記アーク接点の固定接点をそれぞれの可動接点に対峙する位置に設けた内面がほぼ円筒形の導電性構造部材とを備えたガス遮断器において、
前記ノズルを、その下流側先端が常時前記導電性構造部材の内面と微小ギャップを保ちつつ摺動する大きさ及び形状に構成し、且つ前記ノズルの下流側先端部の外周面に前記導電性構造部材と電気的接続を保持する接触手段を設けたことを特徴とするガス遮断器。
It consists of a fixed contact and a main contact composed of a movable contact that can be contacted and separated from the fixed contact, a fixed contact that generates an arc when the main contact is opened, and a movable contact that can be contacted and separated from the fixed contact. An arc contact and a substantially cylindrical shape that is attached to the movable contact of the main contact and is made of an insulator that extinguishes the arc by introducing an arc extinguishing gas when the arc contact is opened and blowing between the arc contacts A gas circuit breaker comprising a nozzle and a conductive structure member having a substantially cylindrical inner surface provided at a position where the fixed contact of the main contact and the fixed contact of the arc contact face each movable contact,
The nozzle has a size and a shape in which the downstream end always slides while maintaining a minute gap with the inner surface of the conductive structure member, and the conductive structure is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the downstream end of the nozzle. A gas circuit breaker provided with contact means for maintaining electrical connection with a member.
請求項1記載のガス遮断器において、前記接触手段は、前記ノズルの下流側先端部の外周面に設けられた円周方向の溝内に導電性オーリングを嵌め込んだ構成として、前記ノズルと前記導電性構造部材とが摺動可能で且つ常時接触するようにしたことを特徴とするガス遮断器。2. The gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the contact means has a configuration in which a conductive O-ring is fitted in a circumferential groove provided on an outer peripheral surface of a downstream tip portion of the nozzle. A gas circuit breaker characterized by being slidable and always in contact with the conductive structural member. 請求項2記載のガス遮断器において、前記導電性オーリングは、エチレン・プロピレンゴムを主成分として構成されたことを特徴とするガス遮断器。3. The gas circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the conductive O-ring is composed mainly of ethylene / propylene rubber. 請求項2又は請求項3記載のガス遮断器において、前記ノズルに設けられた溝に前記オーリングが密閉空間に閉じ込められるように樹脂製の摺動部材を嵌め込んだことを特徴とするガス遮断器。The gas circuit breaker according to claim 2 or 3, wherein a resin sliding member is fitted in a groove provided in the nozzle so that the O-ring is confined in a sealed space. vessel. 請求項1記載のガス遮断器において、前記接触手段は、前記ノズルの下流側先端部の外周面に設けられた円周方向の溝内に波板バネを嵌め込んだ構成として、前記ノズルと前記導電性構造部材とが摺動可能で且つ常時接触するようにしたことを特徴とするガス遮断器。2. The gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the contact means has a configuration in which a corrugated spring is fitted in a circumferential groove provided on an outer peripheral surface of a downstream tip portion of the nozzle. A gas circuit breaker characterized by being slidable and always in contact with a conductive structural member. 請求項5記載のガス遮断器において、前記ノズルに設けられた溝に前記波板バネが密閉空間に閉じ込められるように樹脂製の摺動部材を嵌め込んだことを特徴とするガス遮断器。6. The gas circuit breaker according to claim 5, wherein a resin sliding member is fitted in a groove provided in the nozzle so that the corrugated spring is confined in a sealed space. 請求項1記載のガス遮断器において、前記接触手段は、前記ノズルの下流側先端部に複数個の半径方向の穴を円周方向に設け、この穴に樹脂製の摺動部材からなる頭付ピンを弾性体を介して取付けた構成として、前記ノズルと前記導電性構造部材とが摺動可能で且つ常時接触するようにしたことを特徴とするガス遮断器。2. The gas circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the contact means is provided with a plurality of radial holes in the circumferential direction at a downstream end of the nozzle, and a head made of a resin sliding member is provided in the hole. A gas circuit breaker characterized in that, as a configuration in which a pin is attached via an elastic body, the nozzle and the conductive structural member are slidable and are always in contact with each other.
JP2002283856A 2002-09-27 2002-09-27 Gas circuit breaker Expired - Fee Related JP4131926B2 (en)

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JP5422472B2 (en) * 2010-04-08 2014-02-19 株式会社東芝 Gas circuit breaker
KR101578699B1 (en) * 2014-01-29 2015-12-21 엘에스산전 주식회사 Puffer type Gas Circuit Breaker
JP6479567B2 (en) * 2015-05-13 2019-03-06 株式会社東芝 Power circuit breaker
JP2019075194A (en) * 2017-10-12 2019-05-16 株式会社日立製作所 Gas-blast circuit breaker
WO2019150550A1 (en) * 2018-02-02 2019-08-08 株式会社東芝 Gas circuit breaker
EP3588528B1 (en) * 2018-06-29 2022-05-04 Hitachi Energy Switzerland AG Gas-insulated high or medium voltage circuit breaker with ring-like element

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