JP4132237B2 - Device for expanding tubular enveloping material - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
  The present invention, ContractClaim1,4The apparatus for expanding the tubular enveloping material described in 1.
[0002]
[Prior art]
  This type of tensile material is commonly used in civil construction as a reinforcing tension wire for building parts, in particular as an inclined rope for cable-stayed bridges. This tensile material consists of a number of individual support elements such as rods, wires or strands. The support elements are bundled together and surrounded by a tubular dressing. Such a tensile material is not only subjected to a large load, but also subjected to mechanical and chemical action, so that the encapsulating material is protected. Furthermore, wind resistance is reduced by the enveloping material.
[0003]
  It has been found that it is particularly a problem to install the tube after the tensile material has already been assembled and tensioned. In doing so, it is no longer possible to fit the tube onto the tension material, since the end of the tension material is no longer free. This occurs during maintenance of the tensile material according to the regulations.
  In this connection, it has already been known to attach a tubular enveloping material in the form of a longitudinal strip consisting of a thin plate to a tensile material. In this case, strips made of thin plates are applied around the tension member and are connected to each other by fold seams at the longitudinal edges of the strips (German Patent No. 3437350). Another solution is disclosed in German Offenlegungsschrift 3,626,886. In this case, a thin strip is wound spirally around the tension member. In this case, the windings of the strips that are lined up are connected by a fold seam to the side edges of the adjacent windings along their side edges. This solution is relatively expensive. This is because the materials for the dressing are expensive and complex machines are required for mounting or winding, especially for folding.
[0004]
  For economic and weight reasons, synthetic resin pipes are used to coat such tensile materials to prevent corrosion. In this synthetic resin pipe, the individual elements must be normally arranged and inserted in the vertical direction. This means that such a covering is not possible when the tensile material is fixed and surrounded, i.e. when its ends are not exposed. In this case, it is already known that a curved plate-like element is arranged around the tension member stretched. This curved plate-like element has connecting parts fitted to each other at the longitudinal edges (European Patent No. 0156441). In each of the connecting portions, one edge of the curved plate-like element is formed like a key, and the other edge is formed like a groove. The connecting part has a sawtooth shaped part and is locked together by pressure acting tangentially to the cross section. Since the reliability of the locking connecting portion depends on the strength of the material used for the curved plate-like element, a complementary shape connection by a dovetail protrusion is performed (German Patent Application Publication No. 4319888). Publication). This connection is achieved by applying an axial force to insert the element. Even in this connection structure, the cost for close connection is extremely high.
[0005]
  Furthermore, the German patent application 19606574.7, which is old but later published, belongs to the state of the art. This patent application relates to the attachment of a synthetic resin tube to a tensile material. In this case, the wall of the tube is opened by a helical cut over its entire length. The spiral band produced in this way is attached to the tensile material from the side by means of a pushing device. Thereafter, the tube is directly closed again by welding the cutting edges together.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
  Against this background, the problem underlying the present invention is to attach the protective enveloping material to the tensile material as easily and economically as possible.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
  This task is in accordance with the present invention., ContractClaim1,4Solved by an apparatus having the described characteristics.
  Advantageous further embodiments are described in the dependent claims.
  The present invention is based on the recognition that in the case of a thermoplastic synthetic resin subjected to a strong bending load across its cross section, a yielding action (flowing action) occurs, but this yielding action does not result in plastic deformation of the synthetic resin. . In the unloaded state, the part of the deformation caused by yielding is restored again. Furthermore, it has been found that with thermoplastic synthetic resins having a closed cross-sectional profile, internal stresses occur across the cross-section due to the cooling process during manufacture. When the closed cross section is opened, the internal stress decreases due to the change in the cross section shape. In the case of a tube profile, this will reduce the cross section. In this case, the free ends of the open circular cross section overlap. Both these actions occur cumulatively.
[0008]
  This behavior of the thermoplastic synthetic resin tube is utilized in the present invention. This gives rise to various advantages. Even after the tubular enveloping material that has been cut open in the longitudinal direction is strongly expanded, the tubular encapsulating material is restored to its original state, so that the tubular enveloping material can be formed as an integral part. This greatly facilitates handling when assembling the enveloping material, compared to a case where two halved members are combined into one..
[0009]
  After the enveloping material is attached to the tension material,,tubeThere is an advantage that the enveloping material is automatically closed. For this purpose, no separate processing steps are required, for example in the case of two halves which must be connected to one another along the edge. On the contrary, the tubular enveloping material returns beyond its original tube shape to the overlap of opposing longitudinal edges.
[0010]
  In that case, the return force inherent in the material of the enveloping material is so great that it is not necessary to connect the cutting edges for static reasons.. ObedienceIn conventional methods, the linking means may not work despite the interconnection of the halves, requiring additional means for retention, such as assembling a steel strip, or A half member can fall from a high place. The connection of the cutting edge is only necessary where the sealing of the tubular enveloping material is important. This is especially the case when the tensile material is subjected to a chemical action such as corrosion. The hermetic connection is typically made by thermal welding along the butt to be connected.
[0011]
  If the welding of the edge is omitted, it is advantageous to guide with as much deviation as possible without guiding the longitudinal cut through the enveloping material in the radial direction. Thereby, an inclined cut surface is produced. The inclined surface extends substantially continuously on the outer peripheral surface in the range of overlap. Accordingly, the area of action of the wind force that causes the formation of vortices and the vibration of the inclined rope is minimized.
[0012]
  In order to produce an enveloping material with a constant diameter when welding the edges, in a special embodiment of the invention, the enveloping material is returned to its original shape and at the same time the spacer is between the longitudinal edges. Be placed. This spacer makes the width of the overlap constant.
  In the present invention, the enveloping material is attached to the tensile material at the lower end of the tensile material, and the portion of the encapsulating material already attached at that time is slid upward toward the other end of the tensile material. Thereby, the location where a tension material cannot approach easily can be covered without a problem.
[0013]
  Basically, thisTomorrowIt can be implemented in two different ways. On the one hand, the tubular enveloping material can be continuously mounted on the tensile material. This aspect comprises the claims4This is particularly advantageous in connection with the described spreading device. This is because the tubular enveloping material can be attached to the tension member very quickly and without much manual work.
[0014]
  On the other hand, the tensile material can be partially encapsulated one section at a time. In this case, the section of the enveloping material is opened or held open by the spreading element. Such a section has a length of 20 to 30 m, for example, and is attached to the tensile material by a crane.
  Of the above two aspectsWhich mode to use is left to the user. The user can select this different mode depending on the external given and thus can be very flexible in responding to external effects.
[0015]
SpecialFor the expansion of a tubular enveloping material, the present invention discloses two devices to the expert.
  One device has a number of frames open on one side. This frame is provided with a tensioning device. With this tensioning device, the tubular enveloping material can be opened along the longitudinal cut.
[0016]
  This frame is very rugged and economical because of its simple structure. The size and weight of the frame makes it possible to switch the spreading element manually, so that the device is particularly suitable for carrying out a partial method for coating the tension material.
  The other device consists of a magnifying element with rollers and is much more complex in construction. This device is placed in place on the end of the tensile material and is particularly suitable for carrying out a continuous process. In doing so, the device is simultaneously responsible for the process step “expansion and attachment of the tubular envelope”.
[0017]
  By placing a roller that runs parallel to the longitudinal direction of the tensile material, and simultaneously enabling the roller to rotate about the longitudinal axis of the tensile material, the roller is pressed against the enveloping material to be twisted in this process. Friction is minimized.
  In another embodiment of the invention, a slitting device is arranged in front of the device, followed by a longitudinal edge welding device. Thereby, the encapsulation process can be fully automated and the tension material can be encapsulated very quickly.
[0018]
Embodiment
  Next, the present invention will be described in detail based on the embodiment shown in the drawings.
  1 to 9 and FIG. 15 show the enveloping method for each section of the tensile material, and FIGS. 10 to 14 show the continuous encapsulating method.
  FIG. 1 shows a cable-stayed bridge 1. This cable-stayed bridge includes a bridge pillar 2 and a roadway support 3. The roadway support 3 is suspended from a portion of the bridge pillar 2 on the roadway support 3 by a tensile material in the form of an inclined rope (inclined cable) 4. The inclined rope 4 is arranged so as to extend in parallel on both sides of the bridge pillar 2. The lower end of the inclined rope is fixed to the roadway support 3, and the upper end is fixed to the bridge pillar 2.
[0019]
  A conventional HDPE tube is used to encapsulate the inclined rope 4. This pipe is delivered with a length of 12 m and welded to a pipe with a length of 24 m by butt welding with a heat reflecting mirror. Therefore, in the present embodiment, encapsulation is performed for each section with a section length of 24 m. Subsequently, the circular saw cuts the tube in the longitudinal direction. Thereby two opposing longitudinal edges 8 are produced. As already mentioned, the return force inherent in the tube material causes the cut longitudinal edges 8 to overlap by a certain dimension.
[0020]
  Since the tubular enveloping material 7 has to be opened again by means of a spreading device before being attached to the inclined rope 4, it is preferable to attach the spacer 9 before the cut-off longitudinal edge is closed again behind the intersection. . This spacer prevents the overlap of the longitudinal edges 8 at this stage. In a simple embodiment, the spacer 9 consists of a screw that is sandwiched between the longitudinal edges 8. That's rightIbaIn some cases, special molded parts are used. This state is shown in FIG.
[0021]
  The section of the enveloping material prepared in this way is expanded over the entire length of the section 7a of the enveloping material 7 along the longitudinal edge 8 of the encapsulating material 7 that is cut open for use. Stored in a storage location near an inclined rope. In that case, the dimensions of the spread must be at least as large as the diameter of the tensile material 4. The expansion process will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0022]
  The section 7a of the tubular encapsulating material 7 is held in an expanded state over its entire length. Then, it is suspended by the crane 10 (FIG. 3) and attached to the tension member 4 to be encapsulated. A table 11 is provided along the tensile material 4 over the entire length of the section. This table serves as a work table for the operator.
  After attaching the section 7a of the enveloping material 7 to the lower end of the tensioning material 4 by means of the crane 10, the spreading element is removed again from the tubular enveloping material, so that the cross-section of the enveloping material is the return force already mentioned The longitudinal edges 8 which are closed again by the cutting are overlapped by a predetermined dimension. At that time, since the diameter of the enveloping material is simultaneously reduced by the overlap of the longitudinal edge portion 8 to be equal to or smaller than the outer diameter dimension of the tensile material 4, the encapsulating material 7 firmly surrounds the tensile material 4 and on the tensile material 4. It becomes difficult to slide in the vertical direction. For this reason, spacers can be mounted between the longitudinal edges 8. Since this spacer limits the overlap dimension to a predetermined dimension, the diameter of the tension member 4 is always smaller than the inner diameter of the tubular enveloping member 7. This spacer may have, for example, an S-shape.
[0023]
  When the enveloping material 7 is brought into close contact, the longitudinal edge 8 of the section 7a of the enveloping material 7 is welded before the section 7a of the encapsulating material 7 is pulled up along the inclined rope 4 in this state. Is a good purpose. Otherwise, it must be welded high. For welding, first the surfaces to be welded are roughened and are welded together downwards starting from the upper end of the section 7a of the enveloping material 7 by means of a granular welder.
[0024]
  A cross section of the enveloping material 7 and the inclined rope 4 which are closely welded in the vertical direction is shown in FIG. A number of elements 12 for tensioning are provided around the center of the cross section. This element is surrounded by a tubular envelope 7. The hollow chamber 13 between the tension element 12 and the enveloping material 7 can be filled with a substance to prevent corrosion, for example.
  The longitudinal edge 8 of the tubular encapsulant 7 overlaps at the apex of the cross section. A weld seam 14 is formed in the longitudinal direction in order to reconnect the longitudinal edges 8 of the cross-section produced by the slitting to a closed cross-section. This weld seam connects the cut surface of one longitudinal edge to the outer peripheral surface of the other longitudinal edge. This is shown in detail in FIG.
[0025]
  The section 7a of the enveloping material 7 held at a constant diameter by welding of the spacer or the longitudinal edge is pulled upward along the inclined rope 4 by the section length. This is simply done by a gripping and pulling tool at the upper fixing point of the inclined rope 4. thisGrabThe tension rope of the tensioning tool is hooked on the upper end of the section 7 a of the enveloping material 7.
  The method cycle is then repeated. This repetition is performed by the crane 10 receiving the other section 7b of the tubular enveloping material 7 cut and expanded as described above from the storage location and attaching it to the lowermost portion of the inclined rope 4.
[0026]
  This state is shown in FIG. The section 7a of the tubular enveloping material 7 attached to the inclined rope 4 is pulled upward along the inclined rope 4 by the length of the section 7a. At that time, the fixed range for accommodating the new section 7 b of the tubular enveloping material 7 is exposed in the inclined rope 4. The new section 7b is attached to the inclined rope 4 by the self-propelled crane 10 and is subsequently abutted against the first section 7a. The sections 7a and 7b are connected to each other at the butt 15 by annular welding.
[0027]
  FIG. 7 shows an annular weld at the butt 15 between the two sections 7a, 7b of the enveloping material 7. FIG. Two opposing ends of the two sections 7a, 7b of the enveloping material 7 are shown. The cut surfaces at the ends of the sections 7a and 7b are chamfered so as to extend outward in a conical shape. Since the end of the section is abutted, a V-shaped recess extending in the circumferential direction is generated by the cone of the cut surface. A weld seam 16 is formed in this recess.
[0028]
  This state is shown in FIG. The tubular enveloping material 7 is almost completely attached to the tension material 4. The abutment between the individual sections 7a, 7b of the tubular envelope 7 is welded and in some cases the longitudinal edges 8 are also welded.
  The above method is continued until the inclined rope 4 is completely encapsulated. And the operation | work for enveloping the next inclination rope is continued.
[0029]
  FIG. 8 shows a device 17 for expanding the cut tubular encapsulant 7. This device comprises a U-shaped frame 18. The ends of both legs 19, 19 'have holes 20, 20' in the plane of the frame 18. One spindle 21, 21 'extends through each of the holes 20, 20'. The spindle is provided with threaded rods 22, 22 '. Hooks 23 and 23 'are provided at one end of the threaded rod in the frame, and wing nuts 24 and 24' are provided at the other end of the threaded rod outside the frame.
[0030]
  In order to expand the tubular enveloping material 7, first, the spindles 21, 21 ′ are pulled outward, so that the space on the open side of the frame 18 is vacant. Then, the frame 18 is placed on the encapsulated material 7 that has been cut open so that the encapsulated material 7 is positioned between the leg portions 19 and 19 '. At that time, the longitudinal cut of the tubular enveloping material 7 faces the open side of the frame 18. Subsequently, both spindles 21, 21 ′ are inserted into the holes 20, 20 ′, and their hooked ends 23, 23 ′ are inserted into the longitudinal cuts of the tubular envelope 7. This state is shown in FIG.
[0031]
  By tightening the wing nuts 24, 24 ′ of both spindles 21, 21 ′, the hooks 23, 23 ′ move toward the legs 19, 19 ′ of the frame 18, expanding the tubular cross section. This expansion is performed until the opening is large enough to cover the tubular enveloping material 7 on the inclined rope 4.
  In the case of this method of performing one section at a time, many such expansionsapparatus17 are arranged along the tubular enveloping material 7 at intervals. Thereby, one section 7a, 7b of the tubular enveloping material 7 is held open over its entire length (FIG. 3) and can be attached to the inclined rope 4.
[0032]
  An alternative to the expansion device 17 is shown in FIG. This figure shows the encapsulant 7 which has already been cut open. A tensioning device 50 is provided over the outer periphery of the enveloping material. The tensioning device 50 includes a ratchet 51, hooks 52 and 53, and belts 54 and 55. The belt connects the ratchet 51 and hooks 52 and 53. The hooks 52 and 53 are hooked on the cut longitudinal edge 8. By operating the ratchet 51, the belts 54 and 55 are tensioned. At the same time, the longitudinal edge 8 is pulled in the opposite direction by the hooks 52, 53. When the opening of the enveloping material 7 matches at least the diameter of the inclined rope 4, the encapsulating material 7 can be attached to the inclined rope 4. Subsequently, the tensioning device 50 is loosened. Thereby, the enveloping material 7 is closed again.
[0033]
  As in the case of the expansion device 17, a number of tensioning devices 50 can be fixedly arranged along the beam. A beam that substantially matches the length of one section of the tubular envelope 7 is simultaneously useful for hanging with a crane.
  Expansion shown in Figs.apparatus17 and the tensioning device 15 shown in FIG. 15 are also suitable for a continuous method for enveloping the inclined rope 4. At that time, the range in which the enveloping material 7 is attached to the inclined rope 4 is held open over a predetermined length. When the completed enveloping material 7 is pushed upward along the longitudinal axis of the inclined rope 4 or pulled upward, it is expanded.apparatus17 or the tensioning device 50 is fixedly connected to the enveloping material 7 and moves together with the enveloping material. Nevertheless, in order to limit the expansion to the extent required for attachment to the inclined rope 4,apparatus17 or the tensioning device 50 is disassembled at the upper end of the expanded portion each time and reassembled at the lower end of the expanded portion. Thereby, the expansion is performed by continuously moving the tubular enveloping material 7 in the direction opposite to the preceding enveloping material.
[0034]
  10, 11, 12, 13, and 14 show an alternative spreader 25 used in a continuous process. In this case, manual work is minimized.
  FIG. 10 shows the base of the inclined rope 4. The roadway support is indicated by 3. The lower end of the inclined rope 4 is connected to the roadway support 3 through the range of the fixing portion. The upper end of the inclined rope 4 is not shown, and is guided to the upper range of the fixing portion in the bridge pillar.
[0035]
  The tubular enveloping material 7 is already attached to the inclined rope 4 within the range indicated by a. In range b, the enveloping material is held open by the spreading device 25 according to the invention and is prepared for attachment to the inclined rope 4 in range c. In the range c, a heat reflecting mirror type butt welder (mirror welder) 6 is provided. This welder butt welds individual HDPE pipes delivered in a length of 12 m to endless pipes. Subsequently, in range c, a device 27 is provided for cutting the tubular enveloping material 7 along the longitudinal axis.
[0036]
  After the tubular enveloping material 7 is cut open, the encapsulating material 7 is supplied to the spreading device 25. The spreading device 25 includes a number of spreading elements 28. The spreading elements are arranged at different positions at intervals along the longitudinal axis of the inclined rope 4. The spreading device further comprises spreading elements 32, 33 that start the spreading process. At that time, the number of the spreading elements 28, 32, 33 determines the spreading length of the enveloping material 7.
[0037]
  The individual spreading elements 28 are shown, for example, in a front view in FIG. 11 and in a cross-sectional view in FIG. This spreading element essentially comprises a sleeve 29, two bifurcated bearings diametrically opposed, and two rollers 30, 30 'supported on the bifurcated bearings. . Since the sleeve 29 surrounds the inclined rope 4 with sufficient play, the sleeve 29 can freely rotate around the longitudinal axis of the inclined rope 4. Each of the opposing bifurcated bearings comprises two side plates 31 and 31 ′, which are parallel to each other and fixed to the sleeve 29 at a distance, so that the roller bearing is aligned with the longitudinal axis of the inclined rope 4. It is arranged vertically with respect to it. That is, the rotation direction of the rollers 30, 30 ′ is directed to the vertical direction of the inclined rope 4.
[0038]
  The spreading element 28 is arranged in the tubular envelope 7. In this case, the tread surfaces of the rollers 30, 30 ′ are in contact with the inner surface of the enveloping material 7. Therefore, the distance between the rollers 30 and 30 ′ of the spreading element 25 matches the spreading dimension of the tubular enveloping material 7.
  Since the cut enveloping material 7 is supplied to the inclined rope 4 from the side, the enveloping of the enveloping material 7 is already started outside the cross section of the inclined rope 4. For this purpose, the spreading elements 33 and 32 shown in FIGS. 13 and 14 are provided at the lower end of the spreading device 25. The expansion element starts to expand and expands to an open dimension that allows the enveloping material 7 to be attached to the inclined rope 4.
[0039]
  FIG. 13 shows a spreading element 33 that starts spreading as the first element of the spreading device 25. This spreading element consists of a sleeve 29 ′ surrounding the inclined rope 4. Unlike the spreading element 28 shown in FIG. 11, here the sleeve 29 ′ is fixedly connected to the inclined rope 4. The sleeve 29 'is provided with a pointed open wedge 35. The opening wedge begins to expand by pushing and spreading the longitudinal edge 8 of the enveloping material 7 by its side.
[0040]
  The spreading element 33 is followed by the spreading element 32 shown in FIG. 14 in the direction of the preceding encapsulation. This spreading element comprises a sleeve 29 "surrounding the inclined rope 4. On the side of this sleeve a pair of rollers 37 are arranged by an arm 36 eccentric to the longitudinal axis of the inclined rope 4. The structure of the pair of rollers 37 is substantially the same as the roller shown in Fig. 11. The enveloping material 7 is expanded by rollers that press the inner surface of the encapsulating material 7, and a plurality of them are arranged at intervals. Is provided continuously on the inclined rope 4 by the spreading element 32.
[0041]
  In order to make a continuous transition from a closed cross-section of the enveloping material 7 to an open cross-section, the distance between the rollers 30, 30 ′ of the spreading elements 28, 33 is minimal at both ends of the spreading device 25. The largest in the middle.
  In order to ensure that the spreading elements 28, 32, 3 always remain in the same place with respect to the inclined rope 4, the individual spreading elements 28, 32, 33 are reduced downwards towards the fastening area 26. ing. In this case, the elements 32 and 33 are arranged eccentrically with respect to the rope axis.
[0042]
  Alternatively, the sleeve 29 or 29 ″ of the spreading element 28, 33 can be fixedly connected to the inclined rope 4. In this case, the bifurcated bearing with the rollers 30, 30 ′ is the longitudinal axis of the inclined rope 4. In order to be able to rotate freely around, the sleeve 29 or 29 ″ has to be divided into an inner ring secured to the inclined rope 4 and an outer ring supporting the bifurcated bearing. In this case, the outer ring can be rotated around the inner ring, for example by means of ball bearings or needle bearings.
[0043]
  In order to attach the tubular enveloping material 7 to the inclined rope 4, the enveloping material 7 is pulled toward the bridge pillar 2 in the longitudinal direction of the inclined rope 4. For this purpose, two tension ropes for gripping and tensioning tools are fixed to the end of the enveloping material 7. When the enveloping material 7 is pulled up, the enveloping material is supplied from the side to the lower end of the expansion device 25. At that time, the spreading element 33 opens the longitudinal edge 8 of the enveloping material 7. Furthermore, the elements 32, 28 are pressed against the inner surface of the enveloping material 7, thereby expanding the enveloping material 7 along the cut longitudinal edges 8 of the encapsulating material 7.
[0044]
  After passing through the spreading device 25, the cross section of the enveloping material 7 is closed again by the return force. In this case, the cut longitudinal edges 8 overlap. Thereby, it moves continuously with respect to the tubular enveloping material 7, and is fixed with respect to the inclined rope 4, and expansion is performed. The means for maintaining a constant overlap or the means for welding can be shifted from the section-by-section method already described to a continuous method.
[0045]
  In the case of the last-mentioned method, considerable liberalization is achieved, so it is effective to arrange an automatic welding device behind the expansion device 25. This automatic welding device reconnects the cut longitudinal edges 8 of the enveloping material 7 into a closed ring-shaped cross section.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 shows a cable-stayed bridge in which an inclined rope is encapsulated according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a view showing a tubular enveloping material after being cut open in the vertical direction;
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an expanded state of a section of a tubular enveloping material.
FIG. 4 shows the cable-stayed bridge shown in FIG. 1 at a later method stage.
FIG. 5 shows the cable-stayed bridge shown in FIGS. 1 and 4 at a subsequent method step.
FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a tubular enveloping material according to the present invention showing in detail the overlap area of the cut edges.
FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of a tubular enveloping material in a butt range of two sections.
FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the spreading device before starting the spreading.
FIG. 9 is a transverse cross-sectional view of the spreading device shown in FIG. 8 during spreading.
FIG. 10 is a view showing another apparatus for expanding a tubular enveloping material and attaching it to a tensile material.
11 shows the spreading element of the device shown in FIG.
12 is a transverse sectional view taken along line XII-XII of the spreading element shown in FIG.
FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view of another spreading element.
FIG. 14 is a cross-sectional view of another spreading element.
FIG. 15 is a cross-sectional view of a tensioning device for spreading.
[Explanation of symbols]
4 Tensile material
7 Wrapping materials
8 Longitudinal cutting edge
18 frames
19, 19 'leg
21,21 'tensioning device
23, 23 'hook
28 Expansion elements
29, 29 ″ sleeve
30, 30 'roller
32 Expansion elements
33 Expansion elements
50 Tensioning device

Claims (10)

  An apparatus for expanding a longitudinally cut tubular enveloping material, comprising a frame (18) open on one side for accommodating the tubular enveloping material (7), the end of this frame being Each of the tensioning devices (21, 21 ') forms a leg (19, 19') and applies a tensile force from the center of the frame towards the frame leg (19, 19 ') in the frame plane. Is arranged at the end of the leg of the frame. The apparatus of claim 1, wherein the tensioning device is characterized in that it consists of a spindle (21, 21 '). Spindle (21, 21 ') is hook (23, 23 to the end that is inside the frame' apparatus according to claim 1, wherein that it comprises a).   In an apparatus for expanding and attaching a tubular enveloping material, the apparatus comprises at least one spreading element (28, 32) with at least two rollers (30, 30 '), the spreading element being The tension member (4) is arranged in the transverse section of the enveloping material (7) so as not to slide in the longitudinal direction, and the axis of the roller bearing of the spreading element is perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the tension material (4) A device characterized by being. 5. A device according to claim 4 , characterized in that the spreading elements (28, 32) are arranged so as to be freely rotatable about the longitudinal axis of the tension member (4). 6. A device according to claim 4 or 5 , characterized in that the rollers of the spreading elements (28, 32) are arranged diametrically opposed. 7. A device according to any one of claims 4 to 6 , characterized in that the roller is provided on a sleeve (29, 29 ") surrounding the tension material. The device according to any one of claims 4 to 7 , characterized in that a plurality of spreading elements (28, 32, 33) are arranged side by side in the longitudinal direction of the tension member (4). A device according to any one of claims 4 to 8 , characterized in that a device for opening the tubular enveloping material (7) is arranged in front of the device. 10. A mechanism according to any one of claims 4 to 9 , wherein a device for welding the seam in the longitudinal direction is arranged after the device.

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