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JP4134481B2 - Manufacturing method of optical transmission module - Google Patents
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JP4134481B2 - Manufacturing method of optical transmission module - Google Patents

Manufacturing method of optical transmission module Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4134481B2
JP4134481B2 JP2000054268A JP2000054268A JP4134481B2 JP 4134481 B2 JP4134481 B2 JP 4134481B2 JP 2000054268 A JP2000054268 A JP 2000054268A JP 2000054268 A JP2000054268 A JP 2000054268A JP 4134481 B2 JP4134481 B2 JP 4134481B2
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optical transmission
optical
transmission module
wavelength
light
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JP2001242354A (en
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学 各務
達弥 山下
伊藤  博
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Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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Toyota Central R&D Labs Inc
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光伝送路を用いた光伝送モジュールに関する。特に1個以上のミラー間に光硬化性樹脂を充填し、その1個以上のミラーを貫いて短波長光を入射させることにより、光軸方向に光硬化性樹脂を硬化させ、光伝送路とミラーを一体に密着形成した光伝送モジュールおよびその製造方法に関する。本発明は、波長多重光通信分野における安価で低損失な光伝送モジュールに適用できる。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
双方向光ファイバ通信として単線の光ファイバを用いることは、光ファイバの使用量及びコネクタ等の部品点数をどちらも少なくできる点で低コストの光通信として期待できる。光スターカプラを用いた光通信網の概略を図5に示す。図5の光通信網は、光伝送モジュール900と制御回路990とを1組とした複数の通信端末を、各々光ファイバ90でスターカプラ980に接続したものである。これにより通信端末間は光ファイバ90とスターカプラ980を通じて光信号を送受信できる仕組みとなっている。
【0003】
図6に各光伝送モジュール900の従来の構造を示す。光ファイバ90から放出された光受信信号が、光学レンズ911を通して平行化され、45度傾いて配設されたハーフミラー92に導かれる。導かれた光受信信号のうち1/2がハーフミラー92を透過し、光学レンズ912に導かれ、収束されて受光素子93に導かれ、光/電気変換が行われる。また、受信信号の残り1/2がハーフミラー92により90度反射されて導かれる先には光学レンズ913及び発光素子94が配設されている。発光素子94からの光送信信号が光学レンズ913で平行化されてハーフミラー92に導かれ、その1/2が90度反射されて光学レンズ911に導かれる。光学レンズ911では光送信信号を収束して光ファイバ90に導く。このように、従来の光モジュールでは、光ファイバから放出された光受信信号を受光素子で受信するため、及び発光素子からの光送信信号を光ファイバに収束して導くため、複数のレンズが必要であった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
ところで近年、光硬化性樹脂溶液を利用して、光ファイバ先端に光伝送路を形成する技術が注目されている。例えば、特開平4−165311号公報に開示された光導波路の製造方法がある。これに対し、本発明者らは、硬化開始波長と屈折率の異なる2種の光硬化性樹脂の混合溶液を用い、1つの光硬化性樹脂溶液で伝送路のコアを、両光硬化性樹脂溶液でクラッド部を形成する光伝送路の製造方法を発明し出願している(特願平11−85203)。また、これに先立ち、光導入口、特定波長分離手段、複数の出射口間を光伝送路で結び、光損失の少ない光分波器を発明し、出願した(特開平11−326660)。
【0005】
上述した本発明者らの技術により、図7のような、光信号送信及び受信一体型の光伝送モジュール910が考えられる。光伝送モジュール910は、次のように製造可能である。1個の半透明ミラー92を有する基板ケースに光ファイバ90を接続し、硬化開始波長と屈折率の異なる2種の光硬化性樹脂の混合溶液で満たしたのち、屈折率が高い光硬化性樹脂の硬化波長を光ファイバ90から導きコア部11を形成する。半透明ミラー92が、その硬化波長の光を半分反射するならば、コア部11には半透明ミラー92においてコア分岐部118を有し、分岐コア119が形成されることとなる。このように、光伝送モジュール910は、光ファイバ90に接続したコア部11が、半透明ミラー92を貫いて形成され、且つ半透明ミラー92との接触部においてコア分岐部118を有し、分岐コア119が形成されることとなる。こうして、半透明ミラー92を貫き、分岐を有するコア部11が形成されたのち周囲の光硬化性樹脂の混合溶液を硬化させ、所望の形状に成形すれば、半透明ミラー92を貫いたコア部11と分岐コア119の2つの光入射/出射口を有する光伝送モジュールが形成できる。こうして、分岐コア119の出射口に受光素子93、半透明ミラー92を貫いたコア部11の入射口に発光素子94を形成すれば光伝送モジュールとなる。
【0006】
ところで、図7の光伝送モジュールにおいては、分岐部118付近において光損失が生ずる。これを図8に示す。いま、コア部11の長さ方向にx軸を、分岐が90度であるとして分岐方向にy軸を取る。すると、x軸方向に伝播する光は、コア部11及びクラッド部12の屈折率により決定される最大角度±θc以下の角度で分岐部118に到達する。このうち、分岐部118に直接入射した光線は必ずしも分岐コア119を伝播せず、一部部分が損失することとなる(図7及び図8でLoss−R)。逆に、容易に理解できるように、発光素子94からの送信信号の一部も、分岐部で損失する(図7のLoss−T)。
【0007】
本発明は上記のような課題を解決するためになされたものであり、その目的とするところは、レンズを用いない、安価な光送受信のための光伝送モジュールを提供することである。
【0012】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に記載の手段によれば、半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを1個以上有した光伝送モジュールの製造方法であって、半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを略100%透過する波長光により硬化する光硬化性樹脂を用い、半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを有する基板ケースに、光ファイバを接続して光硬化性樹脂溶液を満たし、光ファイバを通して波長光を導入することにより光硬化性樹脂が硬化した部分として、1個以上の半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを途中に有し、分岐を有しないコア部を形成することを特徴とする。
【0013】
また、請求項2に記載の手段によれば、請求項1に記載の光伝送モジュールの製造方法において、光硬化性樹脂溶液は光硬化性樹脂とは異なる、波長光では硬化しない第2の光硬化性樹脂との混合溶液であり、コア部形成ののち、基板ケース内の混合溶液全体を硬化させことを特徴とする。
【0014】
また、請求項3に記載の手段によれば、請求項1又は請求項2に記載の光伝送モジュールの製造方法において、1個以上の半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーに応じて受光素子を取り付け、コア部の光ファイバとの接続端とは反対側に発光素子を取り付けることを特徴とする。
【0015】
【作用及び発明の効果】
本発明によれば、光伝送路本体であるコア部に分岐が無いので、分岐部における光損失や多重屈折等による散乱を考慮せずに受光素子の位置及び大きさが決定できる。本発明は発光素子がコア部の外部光伝送路(光ファイバ)とは反対側に、また、半透明ミラー又は波長選択ミラーに対応して受光素子を配設するので、構造が極めて簡単であり、且つすでに述べた本願発明者らによる先行出願により極めて安価に且つ大量に製造が可能である。
【0016】
図8を用いて図7における受信光の光損失を見積もる。今、図8のようにx軸、y軸を取り、幅a1のコア部と、幅a2の分岐コアが90度の角度で接続されているとする。また、コア部、分岐コアともz軸方向に無限に広がっているものとする。このように、コア部の2つの平面y=0、y=a1(x≦0又はx≧a2)、分岐コアの2つの半平面x=0(y≧a1)、x=a2(y≧a1)がコア部とクラッド部の境界である。コア部を図8上、左から右へ(x軸の正方向へ)伝播する光は、z軸方向の成分を有しないものとする。コア部の屈折率をn1、その周りのクラッド部の屈折率をn2とすると、コア部をx軸方向に伝播する光は、x軸の正方向との成す角度の最大値θcは、次の関係を満たす。
【数1】

Figure 0004134481
【0017】
コア部を伝播する光の伝播角θ(−θc≦θ≦θc)の相対強度分布をM(θ)と置く。即ち次がメリジオナル光線で近似した伝送パワーを示すこととなる。
【数2】
Figure 0004134481
【0018】
図8から容易にわかるように、平面座標(0,y)を通る伝播角θの光の内、損失を伴うのは次の関係を同時に満たすものである。
【数3】
Figure 0004134481
【0019】
よって損失LBは、デシベル(dB)単位で次のように表すことができる。
【数4】
Figure 0004134481
【0020】
損失LBを図9のような伝播角の相対強度分布M(θ)の場合に計算したものを図10に、図11のような伝播角の相対強度分布M(θ)の場合に計算したものを図12に示す。但し、a1=a2、n1=1.49、n2=1.41とした。図9のような相対強度分布M(θ)の場合にはa1=a2=100μmにおいて0.38dB、図11のような相対強度分布M(θ)の場合にはa1=a2=100μmにおいて0.12dBの光損失が生じることがわかる。
【0021】
本発明はこのような光損失を生ずる分岐を有していないので、極めて効率の良い光伝送モジュールとすることができる。
【0022】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の具体的な実施例を図を用いて説明する。尚、本発明はこれら実施例に限定されるものではない。
【0023】
〔第1実施例〕
図1は、本発明の具体的な第1の実施例である光伝送モジュール100の構成を示す断面図である。光伝送モジュール100は、外部と光ファイバ90で接続され、ハーフミラー20を途中に有するコア部11を有する。ハーフミラー20はコア部11の長さ方向に対し45度傾けて配設されている。コア部11及びハーフミラー20をクラッド部12が覆っており、光伝送モジュール100の主要部を形作っている。コア部11の、光ファイバ90とは反対側には発光素子40が、また、ハーフミラーにより反射される受信光を受け取るため受光素子30が配設されている。このように、光伝送モジュール100は、コア部11、クラッド部12、ハーフミラー20、受光素子30、発光素子40が一体となって形成され、レンズを有さないので部品点数が少なく、また、分岐を有さないので受信光及び発信光の光損失を抑制した光モジュールとすることができる。
【0024】
次に光モジュール100の製造方法の一例を示す。以下の製造方法は特開平11−326660における製造方法と特願平11−85203において、硬化させる光の波長を488nmとしたものである。ケースに光ファイバ90、ハーフミラー20を保持し、2種の光硬化性樹脂の混合溶液を満たす。次に高屈折率側の光硬化性樹脂のみが硬化する波長光を光ファイバ90から導入し、コア部11を形成する。例えば、550nm以下の波長で硬化する、硬化前屈折率が1.482、硬化後屈折率が1.511であるアクリル系樹脂と、400nm以下の波長で硬化する、硬化前屈折率が1.453、硬化後屈折率が1.477であるエポキシ系樹脂とを混合し、硬化前屈折率1.476、硬化後屈折率1.499の混合溶液を用いる。分岐が生じないよう、ハーフミラー20は、488nmでは反射が生じず、実際の光通信で用いる波長に対してはハーフミラーとなるものを用いる。具体的には誘電体多層膜を用いる。こうして、光ファイバ90から連続して形成された、途中にハーフミラー20を有するコア部11が形成される。次に、ケースの周囲から混合溶液の2種の光硬化性樹脂がどちらも硬化する波長光を照射し、クラッド部12を形成する。こののち、コア部11先端に発光素子40、ハーフミラーにより受信光が到達する位置に受光素子30を形成する。この様にして光伝送モジュール100が構成できる。
【0025】
〔第2実施例〕
図2は、本発明の具体的な第2の実施例である光伝送モジュール200の構成を示す断面図である。光伝送モジュール200は、図1の光伝送モジュール100のコア部11末端を屈曲部117とし、全反射ミラー29を使用することにより形成されたものである。図2の光伝送モジュール200と図1の光伝送モジュール100との違いは、発光素子40を受光素子30と同一面に設けることで、配線等の加工が容易に行えるようにしたことである。光伝送モジュール200の製造は、図1の光伝送モジュール100の製造方法において、全反射ミラー29を加える他はほぼ同様に行うことができる。このような、光伝送モジュール200は、コア部11、クラッド部12、ハーフミラー20、全反射ミラー29、受光素子30、発光素子40が一体となって形成され、レンズを有さないので部品点数が少なく、また、分岐を有さないので受信光及び発信光の光損失を抑制した光モジュールとすることができる。また、受光素子30と発光素子40が同一面上に形成されているので、制御回路との配線その他の加工がより容易である。尚、全反射ミラー29の替わりに金属ミラーを用いても同様の結果が得られる。
【0026】
〔第3実施例〕
図3は、本発明の具体的な第3の実施例である光伝送モジュール300の構成を示す断面図である。光伝送モジュール300は、図2の光伝送モジュール200のハーフミラー20のかわりに3枚の波長選択性ミラー21、22及び23を有する。また、3つの受光素子31、32及び33を有する。波長選択性ミラー21、22及び23は、例えば次のような波長選択性をもたせると良い。
【0027】
即ち、外部からの受信光が第1番に到達する波長選択性ミラー21は、例えば波長λR1の信号を反射し、波長λR2及びλR3の信号をほとんど反射せずに透過する。波長選択性ミラー21を透過した光が次に到達する波長選択性ミラー22は、波長λR2の信号を反射し、波長λR3の信号をほとんど反射せずに透過する。波長選択性ミラー22を透過した光が次に到達する波長選択性ミラー23は、波長λR3の信号を反射する。このような波長選択性により受光素子31、32及び33は、それぞれ波長λR1、λR2及びλR3の信号のみを受け取ることとなる。尚、光伝送モジュール300の製造の際、コア部を形成する波長としては波長選択性ミラー21、22及び23のいずれにおいてもほとんど反射されない波長光をコア部11形成(樹脂硬化)光として選択する。
【0028】
〔変形例〕
図3の光モジュール300において、波長選択性ミラー21、22及び23をハーフミラーとし、受光素子31、32及び33をそれぞれ波長選択性受光素子とする。各ハーフミラーの反射光は波長λR1、λR2及びλR3の混合光であっても、波長λR1、λR2及びλR3の1つずつに選択性のある波長選択性受光素子を使用することで、それぞれ波長λR1、λR2及びλR3の信号のみを受け取ることができる。このような光伝送モジュールは、3つのハーフミラーのいずれでも反射されない波長光をコア部形成(樹脂硬化)光として選択する。
【0029】
発光素子40の発光部分の径aTは、コア部11の先端直径よりも小さいならば、発光の損失が更に小さくできる。また、受光素子30乃至33の受光部分の径aRは、図4に示す通り、コア部11の直径をt、コア部からの距離をb、この間の屈折率をnsと置くならば、次の式を満たすarad以上であれば、ミラーで反射された受信光を漏れなく受光できる。
【数5】
Figure 0004134481

【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明の第1の実施例に係る光伝送モジュールの構造を示す断面図。
【図2】本発明の第2の実施例に係る光伝送モジュールの構造を示す断面図。
【図3】本発明の第3の実施例に係る光伝送モジュールの構造を示す断面図。
【図4】本発明の説明に用いられる分岐光と受光素子を示す関係図。
【図5】スターカプラを有する光ファイバ通信網の構成を示す概念図。
【図6】従来の、ハーフミラーとレンズを用いた光伝送モジュールの構成図。
【図7】分岐を有するコアを使用した光伝送モジュールの構造を示す断面図。
【図8】コア分岐における損失を示す図。
【図9】伝播角の分布の第1の例を示すグラフ図。
【図10】図9の伝播角分布の際の、光伝送路幅とコア分岐における損失との関係を示すグラフ図。
【図11】伝播角の分布の第2の例を示すグラフ図。
【図12】図11の伝播角分布の際の、光伝送路幅とコア分岐における損失との関係を示すグラフ図。
【符号の説明】
100、200、300、900、910 光伝送モジュール
11 コア(内部光伝送路本体)
12 クラッド(内部光伝送路外殻)
20 半透明ミラー
21、22、23 波長選択性ミラー
29 全反射ミラー
30、31、32、33 受光素子
40 発光素子
90 光ファイバ(外部光伝送路)
980 スターカプラ
990 制御回路
911、912、913 光学レンズ
92 ハーフミラー
93 受光素子
94 発光素子
117 コア屈曲部
118 コア分岐部
119 分岐コア[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an optical transmission module using an optical transmission line. In particular, a photo-curable resin is filled between one or more mirrors, and the short-wavelength light is incident through the one or more mirrors to cure the photo-curable resin in the optical axis direction. The present invention relates to an optical transmission module in which a mirror is integrally formed and a manufacturing method thereof. The present invention can be applied to an inexpensive and low-loss optical transmission module in the field of wavelength multiplexing optical communication.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The use of a single-line optical fiber as bidirectional optical fiber communication can be expected as low-cost optical communication in that both the amount of optical fiber used and the number of components such as connectors can be reduced. An outline of an optical communication network using an optical star coupler is shown in FIG. The optical communication network of FIG. 5 is obtained by connecting a plurality of communication terminals, each of which includes an optical transmission module 900 and a control circuit 990, to a star coupler 980 through an optical fiber 90. As a result, the communication terminals can transmit and receive optical signals through the optical fiber 90 and the star coupler 980.
[0003]
FIG. 6 shows a conventional structure of each optical transmission module 900. The optical reception signal emitted from the optical fiber 90 is collimated through the optical lens 911 and guided to the half mirror 92 disposed at an inclination of 45 degrees. One half of the guided light reception signal is transmitted through the half mirror 92, guided to the optical lens 912, converged and guided to the light receiving element 93, and optical / electrical conversion is performed. In addition, an optical lens 913 and a light emitting element 94 are disposed at a point where the remaining half of the received signal is reflected and guided by 90 degrees by the half mirror 92. The optical transmission signal from the light emitting element 94 is collimated by the optical lens 913 and guided to the half mirror 92, and half of the signal is reflected by 90 degrees and guided to the optical lens 911. The optical lens 911 converges the optical transmission signal and guides it to the optical fiber 90. As described above, the conventional optical module requires a plurality of lenses in order to receive the optical reception signal emitted from the optical fiber by the light receiving element and to converge and guide the optical transmission signal from the light emitting element to the optical fiber. Met.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
By the way, in recent years, a technique for forming an optical transmission path at the tip of an optical fiber by using a photocurable resin solution has attracted attention. For example, there is an optical waveguide manufacturing method disclosed in Japanese Laid-Open Patent Publication No. 4-165111. On the other hand, the present inventors use a mixed solution of two types of photocurable resins having different curing start wavelengths and refractive indexes, and use a single photocurable resin solution to cover the core of the transmission path with both photocurable resins. A manufacturing method of an optical transmission line for forming a clad portion with a solution has been invented and applied (Japanese Patent Application No. 11-85203). Prior to this, an optical demultiplexer with less optical loss was invented and filed (Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-326660) by connecting the optical entrance, specific wavelength separation means, and a plurality of exit openings with an optical transmission line.
[0005]
With the above-described technique of the present inventors, an optical signal transmission / reception integrated optical transmission module 910 as shown in FIG. 7 can be considered. The optical transmission module 910 can be manufactured as follows. An optical fiber 90 is connected to a substrate case having one translucent mirror 92 and filled with a mixed solution of two kinds of photocurable resins having different curing start wavelengths and refractive indexes, and then a photocurable resin having a high refractive index. The curing wavelength is guided from the optical fiber 90 to form the core portion 11. If the semi-transparent mirror 92 reflects half of the light having the curing wavelength, the core part 11 has the core branch part 118 in the semi-transparent mirror 92, and the branch core 119 is formed. As described above, in the optical transmission module 910, the core portion 11 connected to the optical fiber 90 is formed through the semitransparent mirror 92, and has the core branch portion 118 at the contact portion with the semitransparent mirror 92. A core 119 will be formed. Thus, after the core portion 11 having a branch is formed through the semitransparent mirror 92, the core solution 11 penetrating the semitransparent mirror 92 is formed by curing the mixed solution of the surrounding photocurable resin and forming it into a desired shape. Thus, an optical transmission module having two light entrance / exit ports, 11 and a branch core 119, can be formed. In this way, if the light receiving element 93 is formed at the exit of the branch core 119 and the light emitting element 94 is formed at the entrance of the core 11 passing through the semitransparent mirror 92, an optical transmission module is obtained.
[0006]
By the way, in the optical transmission module of FIG. This is shown in FIG. Now, the x-axis is taken in the length direction of the core part 11, and the y-axis is taken in the branch direction assuming that the branch is 90 degrees. Then, the light propagating in the x-axis direction reaches the branching portion 118 at an angle equal to or smaller than the maximum angle ± θ c determined by the refractive indexes of the core portion 11 and the cladding portion 12. Among these, the light directly incident on the branching portion 118 does not necessarily propagate through the branching core 119, and a part of it is lost (Loss-R in FIGS. 7 and 8). On the contrary, as can be easily understood, part of the transmission signal from the light emitting element 94 is also lost at the branch (Loss-T in FIG. 7).
[0007]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive optical transmission module for optical transmission and reception that does not use a lens.
[0012]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
According to the means of claim 1 , it is a method for manufacturing an optical transmission module having one or more semi-transparent mirrors or wavelength selective mirrors, and a wavelength that transmits substantially 100% of the semi-transparent mirrors or wavelength selective mirrors. A photo-curing resin that is cured by light is used to fill the photo-curing resin solution by connecting an optical fiber to a substrate case having a translucent mirror or a wavelength-selective mirror, and light is introduced by introducing wavelength light through the optical fiber. As a portion where the curable resin is cured, one or more semi-transparent mirrors or wavelength selective mirrors are provided in the middle, and a core portion having no branch is formed.
[0013]
Further, according to the means described in claim 2 , in the method for manufacturing an optical transmission module according to claim 1 , the photocurable resin solution is different from the photocurable resin, and the second light that is not cured by wavelength light. a mixed solution of a curable resin, after the forming a core part, wherein the Ru curing the whole mixture in the board case.
[0014]
According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the method for manufacturing an optical transmission module according to the first or second aspect , the light receiving element is attached in accordance with one or more translucent mirrors or wavelength selective mirrors. The light emitting element is attached to the side opposite to the connection end of the core portion with the optical fiber.
[0015]
[Operation and effect of the invention]
According to the present invention, since there is no branching in the core part which is the optical transmission line main body, the position and size of the light receiving element can be determined without considering light loss in the branching part and scattering due to multiple refraction. In the present invention, the light emitting element is disposed on the opposite side of the core from the external optical transmission line (optical fiber), and the light receiving element is disposed corresponding to the translucent mirror or the wavelength selection mirror, so that the structure is extremely simple. In addition, it can be manufactured at a very low cost and in large quantities by the above-mentioned prior application by the present inventors.
[0016]
The optical loss of the received light in FIG. 7 is estimated using FIG. Now, x-axis as shown in FIG. 8, takes the y-axis, and the core portion of the width of a 1, the branch cores of width a 2 and are connected at an angle of 90 degrees. Further, it is assumed that both the core portion and the branch core spread infinitely in the z-axis direction. Thus, two planes y = 0, y = a 1 (x ≦ 0 or x ≧ a 2 ) of the core part, two half planes x = 0 (y ≧ a 1 ), x = a 2 of the branch core. (Y ≧ a 1 ) is the boundary between the core portion and the cladding portion. The light propagating through the core portion from left to right (in the positive x-axis direction) in FIG. 8 does not have a component in the z-axis direction. When the refractive index of the core portion is n 1 and the refractive index of the surrounding cladding portion is n 2 , the light propagating through the core portion in the x-axis direction has a maximum angle θ c formed with the positive direction of the x-axis. Satisfy the following relationship.
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004134481
[0017]
Let M (θ) be the relative intensity distribution of the propagation angle θ (−θ c ≦ θ ≦ θ c ) of light propagating through the core. That is, the following shows the transmission power approximated by meridional rays.
[Expression 2]
Figure 0004134481
[0018]
As can be easily seen from FIG. 8, the light with the propagation angle θ passing through the plane coordinates (0, y) is accompanied by a loss that satisfies the following relationship at the same time.
[Equation 3]
Figure 0004134481
[0019]
Therefore, the loss L B can be expressed as follows in decibels (dB).
[Expression 4]
Figure 0004134481
[0020]
Figure 10 those calculated when the relative intensity of the propagation angle distribution M (theta) as loss L B 9 was calculated in the case of M (theta) Relative intensity distribution of such propagation angles as in FIG. 11 This is shown in FIG. However, a 1 = a 2 , n 1 = 1.49, and n 2 = 1.41. In the case of relative intensity distribution M (θ) as shown in FIG. 9, 0.38 dB at a 1 = a 2 = 100 μm, and in the case of relative intensity distribution M (θ) as shown in FIG. 11, a 1 = a 2 = 100 μm. It can be seen that an optical loss of 0.12 dB occurs at.
[0021]
Since the present invention does not have a branch that causes such optical loss, it can be an extremely efficient optical transmission module.
[0022]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, specific examples of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The present invention is not limited to these examples.
[0023]
[First embodiment]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical transmission module 100 which is a specific first embodiment of the present invention. The optical transmission module 100 includes a core portion 11 that is connected to the outside by an optical fiber 90 and has a half mirror 20 in the middle. The half mirror 20 is disposed with an inclination of 45 degrees with respect to the length direction of the core portion 11. The clad part 12 covers the core part 11 and the half mirror 20, and forms the main part of the optical transmission module 100. The light emitting element 40 is disposed on the opposite side of the core 11 from the optical fiber 90, and the light receiving element 30 is disposed to receive the received light reflected by the half mirror. As described above, the optical transmission module 100 includes the core part 11, the clad part 12, the half mirror 20, the light receiving element 30, and the light emitting element 40 which are integrally formed and have no lens, so that the number of components is small. Since there is no branching, it is possible to provide an optical module that suppresses optical loss of received light and transmitted light.
[0024]
Next, an example of the manufacturing method of the optical module 100 is shown. In the following manufacturing method, the wavelength of light to be cured is 488 nm in the manufacturing method in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-326660 and Japanese Patent Application No. 11-85203. The optical fiber 90 and the half mirror 20 are held in the case, and a mixed solution of two kinds of photocurable resins is filled. Next, light having a wavelength that cures only the photo-curing resin on the high refractive index side is introduced from the optical fiber 90 to form the core portion 11. For example, an acrylic resin that cures at a wavelength of 550 nm or less, a refractive index before curing of 1.482, a refractive index after curing of 1.511, and a cured resin at a wavelength of 400 nm or less, a refractive index before curing of 1.453, and a refractive index after curing of An epoxy resin of 1.477 is mixed, and a mixed solution having a refractive index of 1.476 before curing and a refractive index of 1.499 after curing is used. In order to prevent branching, the half mirror 20 is a mirror that does not reflect at 488 nm and is a half mirror for wavelengths used in actual optical communication. Specifically, a dielectric multilayer film is used. In this way, the core part 11 having the half mirror 20 is formed on the way, which is formed continuously from the optical fiber 90. Next, the clad portion 12 is formed by irradiating light from the periphery of the case with wavelength light that cures both of the two types of photocurable resins in the mixed solution. Thereafter, the light receiving element 30 is formed at a position where the received light reaches the tip of the core portion 11 by the light emitting element 40 and the half mirror. In this way, the optical transmission module 100 can be configured.
[0025]
[Second Embodiment]
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical transmission module 200 which is a second specific example of the present invention. The optical transmission module 200 is formed by using the total reflection mirror 29 with the bent portion 117 at the end of the core portion 11 of the optical transmission module 100 of FIG. The difference between the light transmission module 200 in FIG. 2 and the light transmission module 100 in FIG. 1 is that the light emitting element 40 is provided on the same surface as the light receiving element 30 so that the wiring and the like can be easily processed. The optical transmission module 200 can be manufactured in substantially the same manner as the optical transmission module 100 in FIG. 1 except that the total reflection mirror 29 is added. In such an optical transmission module 200, the core part 11, the clad part 12, the half mirror 20, the total reflection mirror 29, the light receiving element 30, and the light emitting element 40 are integrally formed, and since there is no lens, the number of parts is increased. In addition, since there is little branching, it is possible to provide an optical module that suppresses optical loss of received light and transmitted light. In addition, since the light receiving element 30 and the light emitting element 40 are formed on the same surface, wiring with the control circuit and other processing are easier. The same result can be obtained by using a metal mirror instead of the total reflection mirror 29.
[0026]
[Third embodiment]
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a configuration of an optical transmission module 300 that is a specific third embodiment of the present invention. The optical transmission module 300 includes three wavelength selective mirrors 21, 22 and 23 instead of the half mirror 20 of the optical transmission module 200 of FIG. Further, it has three light receiving elements 31, 32 and 33. The wavelength selective mirrors 21, 22 and 23 may have the following wavelength selectivity, for example.
[0027]
In other words, the wavelength selective mirror 21 from which the externally received light reaches the first reflects, for example, a signal of wavelength λ R1 and transmits signals of wavelengths λ R2 and λ R3 with little reflection. The wavelength selective mirror 22 to which the light transmitted through the wavelength selective mirror 21 arrives next reflects the signal of wavelength λ R2 and transmits the signal of wavelength λ R3 with little reflection. The wavelength selective mirror 23 to which the light transmitted through the wavelength selective mirror 22 arrives next reflects the signal having the wavelength λ R3 . Due to such wavelength selectivity, the light receiving elements 31, 32 and 33 receive only signals of wavelengths λ R1 , λ R2 and λ R3 , respectively. When manufacturing the optical transmission module 300, wavelength light that is hardly reflected by any of the wavelength selective mirrors 21, 22, and 23 is selected as light for forming the core portion 11 (resin curing) as the wavelength for forming the core portion. .
[0028]
[Modification]
In the optical module 300 of FIG. 3, the wavelength selective mirrors 21, 22 and 23 are half mirrors, and the light receiving elements 31, 32 and 33 are wavelength selective light receiving elements, respectively. The reflected light of each half mirror wavelength lambda R1, be a mixed light of lambda R2 and lambda R3, using the wavelength λ R1, λ R2 and lambda R3 wavelength selective light receiving elements having selectivity, one for the Thus, only the signals of wavelengths λ R1 , λ R2 and λ R3 can be received. Such an optical transmission module selects light having a wavelength that is not reflected by any of the three half mirrors as core portion formation (resin curing) light.
[0029]
If the diameter a T of the light emitting part of the light emitting element 40 is smaller than the tip diameter of the core part 11, the loss of light emission can be further reduced. In addition, as shown in FIG. 4, the diameter a R of the light receiving portion of the light receiving elements 30 to 33 is set so that the diameter of the core portion 11 is t, the distance from the core portion is b, and the refractive index therebetween is n s . If it is a rad or more that satisfies the following expression, the received light reflected by the mirror can be received without leakage.
[Equation 5]
Figure 0004134481

[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of an optical transmission module according to a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an optical transmission module according to a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the structure of an optical transmission module according to a third embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a relational diagram showing a branched light and a light receiving element used for explaining the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing a configuration of an optical fiber communication network having a star coupler.
FIG. 6 is a configuration diagram of a conventional optical transmission module using a half mirror and a lens.
FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a structure of an optical transmission module using a core having a branch.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a loss in a core branch.
FIG. 9 is a graph showing a first example of propagation angle distribution;
10 is a graph showing the relationship between the optical transmission line width and the loss at the core branch in the case of the propagation angle distribution of FIG. 9;
FIG. 11 is a graph showing a second example of the distribution of propagation angles.
12 is a graph showing the relationship between the optical transmission line width and the loss at the core branch in the propagation angle distribution of FIG.
[Explanation of symbols]
100, 200, 300, 900, 910 Optical transmission module 11 Core (internal optical transmission line main body)
12 Clad (inner shell of internal optical transmission line)
20 Translucent mirrors 21, 22, 23 Wavelength selective mirror 29 Total reflection mirrors 30, 31, 32, 33 Light receiving element 40 Light emitting element 90 Optical fiber (external optical transmission line)
980 Star coupler 990 Control circuit 911, 912, 913 Optical lens 92 Half mirror 93 Light receiving element 94 Light emitting element 117 Core bent part 118 Core branch part 119 Branch core

Claims (3)

半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを1個以上有した光伝送モジュールの製造方法であって、
前記半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを略100%透過する波長光により硬化する光硬化性樹脂を用い、
前記半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを有する基板ケースに、光ファイバを接続して前記光硬化性樹脂溶液を満たし、
前記光ファイバを通して前記波長光を導入することにより前記光硬化性樹脂が硬化した部分として、前記1個以上の半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーを途中に有し、分岐を有しないコア部を形成することを特徴とする光伝送モジュールの製造方法。
A method of manufacturing an optical transmission module having one or more translucent mirrors or wavelength selective mirrors,
Using a photocurable resin that is cured by wavelength light that is substantially 100% transmitted through the translucent mirror or wavelength selective mirror,
A substrate case having the translucent mirror or wavelength selective mirror is connected to the optical curable resin solution by connecting an optical fiber,
By introducing the wavelength light through the optical fiber, the one or more semi-transparent mirrors or wavelength selective mirrors are provided in the middle as a portion where the photo-curable resin is cured, and a core portion having no branch is formed. A method for manufacturing an optical transmission module.
記光硬化性樹脂溶液は前記光硬化性樹脂とは異なる、前記波長光では硬化しない第2の光硬化性樹脂との混合溶液であり、
前記コア部形成ののち、前記基板ケース内の前記混合溶液全体を硬化させことを特徴とする請求項1に記載の光伝送モジュールの製造方法。
Before SL photocurable resin solution different from the photocurable resin, in the wavelength a mixed solution of the second photo-curable resin which is not cured,
After the core portion forming method of manufacturing an optical transmission module according to claim 1, wherein the Ru curing the whole mixture in the board case.
記1個以上の半透明ミラー又は波長選択性ミラーに応じて受光素子を取り付け、前記コア部の前記光ファイバとの接続端とは反対側に発光素子を取り付けることを特徴とする請求項1又は請求項2に記載の光伝送モジュールの製造方法。The light receiving element mounted in accordance with the prior SL least one semi-transparent mirror or a wavelength-selective mirror, according to claim 1, the connecting end of said optical fiber of said core portion, characterized in that attaching the light emitting element on the opposite side Or the manufacturing method of the optical transmission module of Claim 2 .
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