JP4135078B2 - Crushing machine - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a crusher having a function of screening out pebbles, sand, and the like in a raw material with a feeder and discharging it with a conveyor.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The prior art will be described by taking a mobile crusher as a preferred example of the present invention as an example.
[0003]
As shown in FIG. 7, the mobile crusher includes a crusher body 3 such as a jaw crusher that performs crushing action, a concrete lump, etc. on a traveling body 2 provided with left and right crawler type traveling devices 1 (only one side is shown). A feeder 4 for supplying the raw material 3 to the main body 3, a carry-out conveyor 5 for carrying out the material (crushed material) crushed by the crusher main body 3 to the outside, and the like are mounted. Reference numeral 4 a denotes a hopper as a raw material inlet for the feeder 4.
[0004]
As shown in FIG. 8, the feeder 4 is provided with a sieve portion 6 having a lattice-like or multi-stage comb-like member, and sand or pebbles contained in the raw material are screened out by the sieve portion 6. . That is, the feeder 4 is configured as a vibrating grizzly feeder having a sieving (sorting) function.
[0005]
A chute 7 is provided below the sieving part 6, and a slip-out conveyor 8 is provided further below the chute 7, and the slipped-out slip passes through the chute 7 and is slip-out conveyor (usually a belt conveyor is used) 8. And is discharged out of the machine by the conveyor 8.
[0006]
As another method, as shown in FIG. 9, the chute 7 is formed in a bifurcated shape, one outlet faces the slip-out conveyor 8, and the other outlet faces the carry-out conveyor 5, and the switching device provided in the chute 7. There is also a crusher that adopts a switching system in which the discharge direction of the gap can be switched between the two by 9.
[0007]
The switching device 9 has a switching plate 10, and when it is necessary to sort and discharge the gap, the switching plate 10 is set to the first position indicated by the solid line by operating a lever (not shown) to shift the gap. In the case where it is not necessary to separate the gap, the switching plate 10 is switched to the second position indicated by the two-dot chain line to guide the gap to the carry-out conveyor 5.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Conventionally, in such a mobile crusher with a slipping function, the slipping conveyor 8 is stopped (either when it is not started or when it is stopped during operation) or is moved due to an erroneous operation or failure. In some cases, the feeder 4 is operated in a state where the speed is too low and the normal gap discharging action is not performed.
[0009]
When such an abnormal situation occurs, the slip removed from the feeder 4 accumulates and clogs in the chute 7 and on the slip-out conveyor 8, so that the operation of the feeder 4 and the operation of the entire crusher cannot be performed. In the case of the switching method, this problem occurs when the shift function is selected (the switching plate 10 is set at the first position).
[0010]
In addition, restoration work is necessary to remove the clogging, and all this work must be done manually and in a narrow space under the feeder, which is extremely labor intensive and time consuming, and the efficiency of the crushing work is significantly reduced. Was supposed to be.
[0011]
This problem is not limited to a mobile crusher, but also applies to a fixed crusher having a slipping function, and a solution to this problem has been desired.
[0012]
Therefore, the present invention provides a crusher capable of preventing the accumulation and clogging of slippage when an abnormal situation as described above occurs.
[0013]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The invention of claim 1 includes a crusher main body that performs a crushing action, a feeder that supplies raw materials to the crusher main body, a slip-out conveyor that carries out the slip removed from the feeder, and a shift from the feeder. Between the chute that leads to the slip-out conveyor, the carry-out conveyor that carries out the crushed material from the crusher body, and the first position that leads the gap to the slide-out conveyor in the chute and the second position that leads to the carry-out conveyor In the crusher provided with a switching device that is switched at, conveyor operating state detection means for detecting whether the operation state of the slipping conveyor is normal, switching state detection means for detecting the switching state of the switching device, comprising a feeder operation control means, the feeder operation control means, operating state of the muck conveyor detected by the conveyor driving condition detecting means While performing the feeder operation inhibition control not to operate the above-described feeder when not normal, in which the switching device is configured to invalidate the feeder operation inhibition control when not in the first position.
[0014]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first aspect, the conveyor operation state detecting means detects the conveyor rotation speed of the slipping conveyor, and the feeder operation control means is the conveyor rotation speed detected by the conveyor operation state detection means. Is configured to perform feeder operation prohibition control when is less than a set value.
[0015]
The invention of claim 3 includes a crusher body that performs a crushing action, a feeder that supplies raw materials to the crusher body, a slip-out conveyor that carries out the slip screened from the feeder, and a A carry-out conveyor for carrying out the crushed material, a chute for guiding the gap from the feeder to the gap-feed conveyor, a first position for guiding the gap to the gap-feed conveyor in the chute, and a second position for guiding the gap to the carry-out conveyor In a crusher comprising a switching device that switches between and a switching drive means that drives the switching device, a conveyor operating state detecting means that detects whether or not the operating state of the slipping conveyor is normal, and Feeder operation detection means for detecting whether or not the feeder is in operation, and switching control means for controlling the switching drive means, the switching control means comprising the conveyor Based on the signals from the operation state detection means and the feeder operation detection means, the switching device is switched to the second position via the switching drive means when the feeder operation is in progress and the operation state of the slip-out conveyor is not normal. It is configured to perform switching control .
[0016]
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the third aspect, switching state detecting means for detecting a switching state of the switching device is provided, and the switching control means performs the switching control only when the switching device is in the first position. Is configured to do.
[0017]
According to the configuration of claim 1, 2, Oite the shredding machine with a drop direction switching function of shear, when the operation state of the muck conveyor is not normal (abnormal occurrence. Conveyor rpm in claim 2 Since the feeder is not operated when it is less than the set value (it is not activated if it is before the operation is started, and is stopped if it is in operation), it is possible to prevent the accumulation and clogging of the chute and the deviation on the conveyor. I can .
[0018]
Moreover, since the feeder operation prohibition control is invalidated in a state where the gap is dropped to the carry-out conveyor side, that is, in a state where it is not necessary to prohibit the operation of the feeder, there is no possibility that the operation of the feeder is unnecessarily prohibited.
[0019]
Hand, according to the configuration of claim 3, 4, switches automatically to the second position the switching device during abnormal occurs (output conveyor side), in order not to drop the shear to muck conveyor, similar In addition, it is possible to prevent the accumulation and clogging of the slip on the chute and the slip-out conveyor.
[0020]
In addition, the feeder is not stopped when an abnormality occurs, and the crushing operation is continued only by losing the separation operation of the gap, so there is no inconvenience of reducing the efficiency of the crushing operation .
[0021]
Hand, according to the configuration of claim 3, even though there is no need for again switching control when the switching device is originally in the second position, the switching device determines that abnormality to stop the muck conveyors Wasteful control for switching (for example, setting unnecessary hydraulic pressure to the hydraulic switching drive means) is performed.
[0022]
In this regard, according to the configuration of claim 4 , since the switching control is not performed when the switching device is in the second position, it is possible to avoid useless control and prevent energy loss.
[0023]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Reference embodiments and embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.
[0024]
In the following reference form and embodiment, the mobile crusher provided with the vibration grizzly feeder mentioned in the description of the prior art is exemplified as an application target. In the reference embodiment and the embodiment, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 7 to 9 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.
[0025]
Reference form (see Figs. 1 and 2)
In the reference form, a crusher that uses a fixing method that does not have a function of switching the slipping direction is applied.
[0026]
As a conveyor operation state detection means for detecting whether or not the operation state of the slip-out conveyor 8 is normal, a rotation speed detection means 11 for detecting the conveyor rotation speed (specifically, the speed of the conveyor belt) of the conveyor 8 is provided. ing.
[0027]
The conveyor rotation speed (belt speed) is one of the indices indicating the operation state of the conveyor, and can be detected by each part of the conveyor. For example, the rotational speed of the belt driving pulley may be detected, or the rotational speed of the belt guide roller may be detected. Alternatively, unevenness or the like provided on the conveyor belt or pulley may be detected by a non-contact sensor such as an optical sensor, and the rotational speed, speed or acceleration detected by these various methods is typically used for control. In short, any method or method that outputs a signal indicating the speed of the conveyor belt may be used.
[0028]
The rotation speed detecting means 11 may be one that detects the rotation speed of the driven conveyor 8 or the driven pulley (for example, an encoder). In the case of motor driving, the rotation speed of the motor is detected by current or voltage. In the case of a hydraulic motor drive, a device that detects the motor rotation speed by a flow rate may be used.
[0029]
The conveyor rotation speed A signal detected by the rotation speed detection means 11 is input to a controller 12 as a feeder operation control means. If the conveyor rotation speed is equal to or greater than a preset value B, the controller 12 is normal. If it is less than, it is judged as abnormal.
[0030]
Note that the set value B is determined as a lower limit value of the conveyor rotation speed at which a standard gap discharging operation is performed and no gap accumulation or clogging occurs in the chute 7 or the slip-out conveyor 8.
[0031]
When the controller 12 determines that there is an abnormality, the controller 12 outputs an operation stop signal to the feeder drive unit 13 that drives the feeder 4.
[0032]
Specifically, for example, when the feeder 4 is driven by a hydraulic motor, a cutoff signal is sent to an electromagnetic valve provided in the motor circuit to stop the supply of oil to the motor.
[0033]
The operation of this point will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2. After the control is started, the detected conveyor speed A is read (step S1), and the conveyor speed A is compared with the set value B in step S2.
[0034]
Here, if A ≧ B (YES), it is determined that there is no abnormality, the process proceeds to step S <b> 3, and an operation permission signal (opening signal to the electromagnetic valve in the above example) is output toward the feeder drive unit 13.
[0035]
On the other hand, if A <B is determined in step S2, an operation stop signal (same as a cutoff signal) is output toward the feeder drive unit 13 in step S4 as an abnormality.
[0036]
As a result, the feeder 4 can be operated when the slip conveyor 8 does not start due to an erroneous operation or failure, stops during operation, or when an abnormal situation occurs where the speed does not allow normal slip discharge. Prohibited (start / stop, stop operation).
[0037]
For this reason, it is possible to prevent the accumulation and clogging of the slip on the chute 7 or the slip-out conveyor 8 due to the continued feeding of the slip from the feeder 4 without the slip discharge operation by the slip-out conveyor 8 being properly performed. .
[0038]
1st Embodiment (refer FIG.3, 4)
In the first embodiment, a switching device 9 is provided in a bifurcated chute 7, and a crusher that adopts a switching method in which the switching direction is switched by the switching device 9 is applied.
[0039]
A rotation speed detection means 11 for detecting the rotation speed of the slipping conveyor 8 and a controller 12 for prohibiting the operation of the feeder 4 via the feeder drive unit 13 when the detected conveyor rotation speed A is less than the set value B are provided. This is the same as the reference form.
[0040]
In implementation form, in addition to the above structure, the switching of detecting the switching state of the switching device 9 (switching or-plate 10 is in the second position indicated by the two-dot chain line or the first position indicated by the solid line) A limit switch 14 is provided as a state detecting means, and a signal from the limit switch 14 is input to the controller 12 together with the conveyor rotation number signal.
[0041]
The limit switch 14 is operated by, for example, the switching plate 10 and is turned off if the switching plate 10 is in the first position, and turned on if the switching plate 10 is in the second position. The flow chart of FIG. 4 is based on the signal from the limit switch 14. Control shown in FIG.
[0042]
That is, the switching position (limit switch signal) is read in step S11, and it is determined in step S12 whether the switching position is the first position or the second position.
[0043]
If it is determined YES (is in the first position), the conveyor rotational speed A is read in step S13 and the conveyor rotational speed A is determined in step S14, as in the first embodiment (FIG. 2). Is compared with the set value B. If A ≧ B, an operation permission signal is output in step S15, and if A <B, an operation stop signal is output in step S16.
[0044]
However, if it is determined as NO (in the second position) in step S12, the slip separating operation by the slip-out conveyor 8 is not performed, and the accumulation or clogging of the slip on the chute 7 or the conveyor 8 occurs. Since there is no fear of this, the operation directly proceeds to step S15 to output an operation permission signal, and the operation is continued as it is.
[0045]
Thus, in the state where the gap is dropped to the carry-out conveyor 5 side, the wasteful feeder operation prohibition control is invalidated and the operation of the feeder 4 is ensured, so that the efficiency of the crushing work does not decrease.
[0046]
The limit switch 14 may be configured to be operated not by the switching plate 10 but by a lever for switching the switching plate 10 or a striker provided on the rotation shaft of the lever. Further, instead of the limit switch 14, a switching sensor, a proximity sensor that detects the lever and the striker, or an encoder that detects the rotation of the rotating shaft may be used instead of the limit switch 14.
[0047]
Second embodiment (see FIGS. 5 and 6)
In the second embodiment, in the crusher adopting the switching method, the switching device 9 is automatically switched to the second position (the carry-out conveyor 5 side) when the operation of the slip-out conveyor 8 is not normal during the feeder operation. Have taken.
[0048]
That is, in addition to the configuration of the first embodiment, a switching handle 15 is provided on the switching plate 10 of the switching device 9, and switching is performed by operating the handle 15 to switch the switching plate 10 between the first and second positions. A switching cylinder (described with an example of a hydraulic cylinder) 16 is provided as a driving means.
[0049]
Further, a feeder operation detecting means for detecting whether or not the feeder 4 is in operation (for example, a vibration sensor for detecting vibration in a vibration type feeder, or rotation of a hydraulic motor when the feeder drive source is a hydraulic motor, an electric motor) A sensor 17 or the like for detecting the rotation of the electric motor in some cases is provided.
[0050]
The signal from the feeder operation detecting means 17 is input to the controller 18 as the switching control means together with the signal from the rotation speed detecting means 11 as the conveyor operating state detecting means and the signal from the limit switch 14 as the switching state detecting means. The controller 18 controls a switching drive unit 19 (cylinder circuit) that drives the switching cylinder 16.
[0051]
The contents of this control will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
[0052]
First, in step S21, the switching position of the switching device 9 is read, and it is determined whether or not it is the first position (step S22).
[0053]
In the case of YES, the conveyor rotation speed A is read in step S23, the feeder operation state is read in step S24, whether or not the feeder is operating (step S25), and whether A ≧ B is satisfied. (Step S26) is determined.
[0054]
If YES in step S25 (during feeder operation) and NO in step S26 (A <B = abnormal), a switching signal is output to the switching drive unit 19 in FIG. 9 (switching plate 10) is automatically switched to the second position.
[0055]
In this way, when an abnormality is detected in the discharge conveyor 8 during the feeder operation while performing the separation operation, the direction of the drop from the feeder 4 is automatically switched from the discharge conveyor 8 side to the carry-out conveyor 5 side. In order not to drop the slip onto the slip-out conveyor 8, it is possible to prevent the accumulation and clogging of the slip on the chute 7 and the slip-out conveyor 8.
[0056]
Unlike the reference embodiment and the first implementation embodiment, the feeder 4 when an abnormality occurs in the muck conveyor 8 without stopping, since the only crushing action fractionation of shear is lost is continued, the crushing work There is no inconvenience of lowering efficiency.
[0057]
By the way, the switching control is performed only when the switching device 9 is in the first position and the shifting / separating action is performed (YES in step S22), and the switching device 9 is in the second position. When the slip-out conveyor 8 is not functioning originally (NO in step S22), the process returns to step S21, and the switching control is not performed.
[0058]
For this reason, although there is no need to perform the switching control, it is possible to avoid useless control (for example, setting an unnecessary hydraulic pressure in the switching cylinder 16) that determines that the stop of the slip-out conveyor 8 is abnormal and switches the switching device 9. And energy loss can be prevented.
[0059]
Also, when it is determined in step S25 that the feeder is not operating, there is no need for switching control, and the process returns to step S21.
[0060]
As a switching drive means for switching the switching device 9 between the first and second positions, a hydraulic motor or electric motor that rotates the rotating shaft of the switching plate 10 may be used instead of the switching cylinder (hydraulic cylinder) 16. .
[0061]
Moreover, this invention is applicable not only to a mobile crusher but to a fixed crusher.
[0062]
【The invention's effect】
According to inventions of claims 1, 2 as described above, the crusher having a dropped direction switching function of shear, when the operating state of the muck conveyor is not normal, not operated feeder (not activated, Or, the feeder operation is stopped), so that it is possible to prevent the accumulation of clogs and clogging on the chute and the discharge conveyor.
[0063]
For this reason, it is possible to eliminate troublesome and time-consuming slip removal work and to prevent a reduction in efficiency of the crushing work .
[0064]
Moreover, since the feeder operation prohibition control is invalidated in a state where the gap is dropped to the carry-out conveyor side, that is, in a state where it is not necessary to prohibit the operation of the feeder, there is no possibility that the operation of the feeder is unnecessarily prohibited.
[0065]
Hand, according to the invention of claim 3, 4, switches automatically to the second position the switching device during abnormal occurs (output conveyor side), in order not to drop the shear to muck conveyor, chute In addition, the crushing operation is continuously performed while preventing the accumulation and clogging of the slippage on the slippage conveyor. For this reason, there is no inconvenience which reduces the efficiency of the crushing operation.
[0066]
Furthermore, according to the invention of claim 4 , since switching control is not performed when the switching device is in the second position, useless control can be avoided and energy loss can be prevented.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram showing the basic configuration of a reference embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the reference embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a principle configuration of the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a principle configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart for explaining the operation of the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an overall schematic side view of a mobile crusher as an application target example of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a principle configuration of the crusher.
FIG. 9 is a principle configuration diagram of a crusher that adopts a method of switching the direction in which the slip is dropped.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 3 Crusher main body 4 Feeder which supplies raw material 5 Unloading conveyor 8 Slipping conveyor 11 Rotation number detection means as conveyor operation state detection means 12 Controller as feeder operation control means 9 Switching device 10 Switching plate 14 Switching state detection means Limit switch 16 Switching cylinder as switching drive means 17 Feeder operation detecting means 18 Controller as switching control means

Claims (4)

A crusher body that performs crushing action, a feeder that supplies raw materials to the crusher body, a slip-out conveyor that carries out the slip removed from the feeder, and a chute that guides the slip from the feeder to the slip-out conveyor An unloading conveyor for unloading the crushed material from the crusher main body, and a switching device for switching between a first position for guiding the slippage to the unloading conveyor and a second position for guiding to the unloading conveyor in the chute. A crusher provided with conveyor operating state detecting means for detecting whether or not the operating state of the slipping conveyor is normal, switching state detecting means for detecting a switching state of the switching device, and feeder operation control means. and, the feeder operation control means, when the operating state of the muck conveyor detected by the conveyor operating condition detecting means is not normal While performing the feeder operation inhibition control not to operate the serial feeder, crusher, characterized in that the switching device is configured to invalidate the feeder operation inhibition control when not in the first position.   2. The crusher according to claim 1, wherein the conveyor operation state detecting means detects the conveyor rotation speed of the slip-out conveyor, and the feeder operation control means is configured such that the conveyor rotation speed detected by the conveyor operation state detection means is less than a set value. A crusher characterized in that it is sometimes configured to perform feeder operation prohibition control. Crusher main body that performs crushing action, feeder that supplies raw material to the crusher main body, a slip-out conveyor that transports out the sludge removed from the feeder, and unloading that transports the crushed material from the crusher main body Switching that switches between a conveyor, a chute that guides the slip from the feeder to the slip-out conveyor, and a first position that guides the slip to the slip-out conveyor in the chute and a second position that leads to the carry-out conveyor. In a crusher provided with an apparatus and a switching drive means for driving the switching apparatus, a conveyor operating state detecting means for detecting whether or not the operating state of the slipping conveyor is normal, and whether or not the feeder is in operation And a switching control means for controlling the switching driving means, the switching control means comprising the conveyor operating state detecting means. Based on the signal from the fine the feeder operation detecting means, when being feeder operation and operating state of the muck conveyor is not normal, for switching control for switching the switching device to the second position through the switching driving means A crusher characterized by being configured as described above. The crusher according to claim 3, wherein a switching state detecting means for detecting a switching state of the switching device is provided, and the switching control means is configured to perform the switching control only when the switching device is in the first position. A crusher characterized by that .

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