JP4136575B2 - Intake structure and method for constructing intake structure - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a water intake structure and a method for constructing the water intake structure.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, water for use in water facilities, power plants, factories, and the like has been obtained from rivers and the sea. FIG. 4 shows a cross-sectional view of a conventional water intake device 101. As shown in FIG. 4 , the conventional water intake apparatus 101 has a structure in which a perforated pipe 107 is installed on a water bottom 105 such as a riverbed or the seabed, and the surroundings are surrounded by a filter medium 113 such as crushed stone, a filter medium 115, and a filter medium 117. It is said. In the perforated tube 107, a plurality of holes 111 are provided in the tube 109. In general, the particle diameters of the filter medium 113, the filter medium 115, and the filter medium 117 are reduced as the distance from the perforated tube 107 increases. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-54183 A
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in order to dig a river bed or the sea and embed crushed stone or a perforated pipe as a filter medium, it is necessary to temporarily close the installation place to be in a dry state. Moreover, in order to make the bottom surface and the side surface of the installation place as flat as possible, it is necessary to perform an even leveling operation. Furthermore, a great deal of labor is required for the work of filling crushed stone around the perforated pipe and the maintenance work for eliminating clogging of the perforated pipe.
[0005]
The present invention has been made in view of such problems, and the object of the present invention is that it can be constructed in a short construction period, and maintenance for preventing clogging of perforated pipes can be performed economically in a short period of time. It is in providing the intake structure which can be performed, and the construction method of an intake structure.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first invention for achieving the above-described object is a water intake structure comprising a pipe provided on the bottom of the water and a plurality of net bags having a filling material installed around the pipe. The water intake structure further comprises a box provided on the bottom of the water and having an open upper surface, wherein the predetermined portion of the pipe and the net bag are disposed inside the box. .
[0007]
The tube has a plurality of holes in a portion surrounded by a net bag. For example, as the plurality of mesh bags are arranged farther from the pipe, the particle size of the filling material is increased. A plurality of net bags may be connected. As the filling material, crushed stone or concrete glass that can secure the required water quality is used.
[0008]
The net bag and a predetermined part of the pipe, that is, the part surrounded by the net bag, are arranged inside the box. The box is made of precast concrete, for example. The box is embedded in the bottom of the water so that the upper end is positioned higher than the bottom of the water. An openable / closable lid may be provided on the upper surface of the box. The lid is made of water permeable with holes and the like so that a required amount of water flows into the box even when closed.
[0009]
In 1st invention, water is filtered by the net bag which has a filling material, and reaches | attains in a pipe | tube through a hole.
[0012]
The second invention includes a step of installing a perforated tube in a box with an open upper surface so that a predetermined portion is disposed inside the box, and a plurality of filling materials inside the box A method for constructing a water intake structure, comprising a step of installing a net bag and a step of installing the box on an excavated water bottom.
[0014]
The perforated tube used in the second invention has a plurality of holes in a predetermined portion, that is, a portion surrounded by a net bag. For example, as the plurality of mesh bags are arranged farther from the pipe, the particle size of the filling material is increased. A plurality of net bags may be connected. As the filling material, crushed stone or concrete glass that can secure the required water quality is used.
[0015]
The boxes used in the second and third inventions are made of, for example, precast concrete. The box is embedded in the bottom of the water so that the upper end is positioned higher than the bottom of the water. Moreover, you may provide the water-permeable cover which can be opened and closed on the upper surface of a box.
[0018]
In the second invention, the perforated pipe is installed in the box whose upper surface is open so that the predetermined portion is arranged inside the box. Then, a plurality of net bags having a filling material are installed inside the box. Then, the box in which the perforated pipe and the net bag are installed is installed on the excavated water bottom. A plurality of mesh bags are provided around the perforated pipe.
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are cross-sectional views of the water intake structure 1. 2 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 1, and FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view taken along line BB in FIG.
[0020]
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the water intake structure 1 includes a box 7, a perforated tube 9, a filter medium 15, a lid 17 and the like. In order to construct the intake structure 1, first, the bottom 5 is excavated and the box 7 is sunk. The bottom 5 is the sea bottom, river bed, lake bottom, or the like. The box 7 is formed by integrating a side surface 4 around a rectangular bottom surface 3, for example. The upper surface of the box 7 is opened. The box 7 is, for example, a precast member made of reinforced concrete.
[0021]
When installing the box 7, the upper end is arranged at a position higher than the bottom 5. By making the upper end of the box 7 higher than the bottom 5, it is possible to prevent excess sand and silt from entering the inside of the box 7.
[0022]
Next, the perforated tube 9 is installed through the side surface 4 a of the box 7 installed in the water bottom 5. The perforated tube 9 has a plurality of holes 13 in a portion of the tube 11 disposed inside the box 7. A hole is not provided in the tube 11 of the portion arranged outside the box 7. The tube 11 is made of a material that does not corrode in water.
[0023]
Then, a filter medium 15 is laid around the perforated tube 9 inside the box 7. The filter media 15 are installed one by one, or a plurality of filter media 15 connected to each other.
[0024]
FIG. 3 is an elevation view of the filter medium 15. As shown in FIG. 3, the filter medium 15 includes a net bag 21 and a filling material 23. The net bag 21 has a strength that can withstand the weight of the filling material 23 and does not corrode in water. The filling material 23 is made of crushed stone or concrete glass that can ensure the required water quality. The particle diameter of the filling material 23 is desirably increased as the distance from the perforated tube 9 increases.
[0025]
Furthermore, the lid 17 is installed on the upper surface of the box 7 to complete the water intake structure 1. The lid 17 can be opened and closed and has a plurality of holes 19. The size and quantity of the holes 19 are set so that water having a required flow rate flows from the water into the box 7 through the holes 19. The lid 17 is made of a material that does not corrode in water.
[0026]
When performing maintenance of the water intake structure 1, backwashing is performed in which water flows out from the perforated tube 9 into the box 7. When backwashing cannot be performed due to clogging of the hole 13 of the perforated tube 9, the filter medium 15 is taken out of the water using a crane or the like (not shown), and the perforated tube 9 and the filter medium 15 are washed. To do. Then, the cleaned filter medium 15 is placed in the box 7 again.
[0027]
Next, a second embodiment will be described. In 2nd Embodiment, the water intake structure 1 of the structure similar to 1st Embodiment is constructed | assembled in the procedure different from 1st Embodiment.
[0028]
In the second embodiment, first, the perforated tube 9 is installed in the box 7 at a water or land work place. The shape and material of the box 7 and the perforated tube 9 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The perforated tube 9 is installed through the side surface 4 a of the box 7 so that the vicinity of the end portion is disposed inside the box 7.
[0029]
And the filter medium 15 is installed in the inside of the box 7, and the lid | cover 17 which can be opened and closed and has the hole 19 is installed in the upper end of the box 7. FIG. The shape and material of the lid 17 and the configuration of the filter medium 15 are the same as those in the first embodiment. The particle diameter of the filling material 23 (FIG. 3) of the filter medium 15 is desirably increased as the distance from the perforated tube 9 increases.
[0030]
Next, a box 7 provided with a perforated tube 9, a filter medium 15 and a lid 17 is sunk in the bottom 5 which has been excavated in advance, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. Complete. When installing the box 7, the upper end is arranged at a position higher than the bottom 5. By making the upper end of the box 7 higher than the bottom 5, it is possible to prevent excess sand and silt from entering the inside of the box 7. Maintenance of the intake structure 1 is performed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.
[0031]
As described above, in the first and second embodiments, the perforated tube 9 and the filter medium 15 are installed in the box 7, so that the installation accuracy of the perforated tube 9 and the filter medium 15 is increased and stable water intake is performed. The flow rate and intake water quality are ensured, and the quality of the intake structure 1 is improved. By using the box 7 and the filter medium 15 which are precast members, man-hours and work types are reduced, and the water intake structure 1 can be constructed economically in a short period of time.
[0032]
In addition, since there is no work in the temporary deadline and manpower work is greatly reduced, the safety of construction is increased. Furthermore, the excavation scale of the bottom 5 is small, the degree of turbidity of the water in the installation water area is reduced, and the load on the natural environment is reduced. Since the water intake structure 1 uses the net bag 21 having the filling material 23 as the filter medium 15, the filter medium 15 and the perforated tube 9 can be easily cleaned, and the quality of maintenance, cost, construction period, safety, environment, etc. This is superior to the conventional water intake device 101 (FIG. 4).
[0033]
In the first and second embodiments, the box 7 is made of reinforced concrete. However, the material of the box 7 is not limited to this, and any material that does not corrode in water may be used. Further, the lid 17 may not be installed. Furthermore, in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, only one box 7 is shown, but it is also possible to connect adjacent boxes 7 and connect a plurality of boxes 7 to form a water intake structure.
[0034]
In the first and second embodiments, the water intake structure 1 is composed of the box 7, the perforated pipe 9, the filter material 15, the lid 17, etc., but the box 7 is not installed, and the perforated pipe 9 and the filtration are constructed. A water intake structure may be constituted by the material 15. In this case, after excavating the bottom 5, the perforated tube 9 and the filter medium 15 are installed without installing the box 7. The perforated tube 9 and the filter medium 15 are the same as those in the first and second embodiments.
[0035]
【The invention's effect】
As described above in detail, according to the present invention, a water intake structure and a water intake structure that can be constructed in a short construction period and can be economically carried out in a short period of time to prevent clogging of perforated pipes. Can be provided.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is a cross-sectional view of a water intake structure 1. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the water intake structure 1. FIG. 3 is an elevation view of a filter medium 15. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional water intake apparatus 101.
1 ......... Intake structure 5 ......... Water bottom 7 ......... Box 9 ......... Perforated tubes 13, 19 ...... hole 15 ......... filter material 17 ......... lid 21 ......... net bag 23 ... ...... Filling material

Claims (5)

A water intake structure comprising: a pipe provided on the bottom of the water; and a plurality of net bags having a filling material installed around the pipe,
A box provided on the bottom of the water and having an open top surface;
A water intake structure in which a predetermined portion of the pipe and the net bag are arranged inside the box.   The water intake structure according to claim 1, further comprising an openable / closable lid on the upper surface of the box.   The water intake structure according to claim 1, wherein the box is embedded in the bottom of the water so that an upper end of the box is higher than the bottom of the water.   The water intake structure according to claim 1, wherein the box is made of precast concrete. A step of installing a perforated tube in a box whose upper surface is opened so that a predetermined portion is arranged inside the box;
A step of installing a plurality of net bags having a filling material inside the box;
Installing the box on the excavated water bottom;
The construction method of the intake structure characterized by comprising.

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