JP4140292B2 - Photopolymerizable composition and photosensitive lithographic printing plate - Google Patents
Photopolymerizable composition and photosensitive lithographic printing plate Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- JP4140292B2 JP4140292B2 JP2002192006A JP2002192006A JP4140292B2 JP 4140292 B2 JP4140292 B2 JP 4140292B2 JP 2002192006 A JP2002192006 A JP 2002192006A JP 2002192006 A JP2002192006 A JP 2002192006A JP 4140292 B2 JP4140292 B2 JP 4140292B2
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- acid
- acrylate
- methacrylate
- printing plate
- lithographic printing
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Fee Related
Links
- 238000007639 printing Methods 0.000 title claims description 34
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 title claims description 26
- 239000000178 monomer Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 24
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 229920005596 polymer binder Polymers 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000002491 polymer binding agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003999 initiator Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000005660 hydrophilic surface Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 125000000217 alkyl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000003118 aryl group Chemical group 0.000 claims description 2
- 125000004432 carbon atom Chemical group C* 0.000 claims 2
- 125000005647 linker group Chemical group 0.000 claims 2
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical group [H]* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000002496 methyl group Chemical group [H]C([H])([H])* 0.000 claims 1
- 125000001424 substituent group Chemical group 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 44
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 32
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 28
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 27
- -1 diisocyanate compound Chemical class 0.000 description 23
- 238000007788 roughening Methods 0.000 description 23
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 20
- NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Phosphoric acid Chemical compound OP(O)(O)=O NBIIXXVUZAFLBC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 18
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 17
- 230000035945 sensitivity Effects 0.000 description 17
- 239000000049 pigment Substances 0.000 description 16
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 15
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 15
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- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrochloric acid Chemical compound Cl VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000011241 protective layer Substances 0.000 description 11
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- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Methacrylic acid Chemical compound CC(=C)C(O)=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCO LYCAIKOWRPUZTN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M Potassium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[K+] KWYUFKZDYYNOTN-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 9
- 229910000147 aluminium phosphate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000010408 film Substances 0.000 description 9
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- 229910017604 nitric acid Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
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- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 7
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- 229920005989 resin Polymers 0.000 description 7
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- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N trans-butenedioic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=CC(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Propenoic acid Natural products OC(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-hydroxyethyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound OCCOC(=O)C=C OMIGHNLMNHATMP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Oxalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C(O)=O MUBZPKHOEPUJKR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N Propylene glycol Chemical compound CC(O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 239000003513 alkali Substances 0.000 description 6
- LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N crotonic acid Chemical compound C\C=C\C(O)=O LDHQCZJRKDOVOX-NSCUHMNNSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 6
- MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N diethylene glycol Chemical compound OCCOCCO MTHSVFCYNBDYFN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 6
- JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(3-fluorophenyl)-1h-imidazole Chemical compound FC1=CC=CC(C=2NC=CN=2)=C1 JAHNSTQSQJOJLO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M Acrylate Chemical compound [O-]C(=O)C=C NIXOWILDQLNWCW-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 5
- 238000012644 addition polymerization Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 5
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- 125000002887 hydroxy group Chemical group [H]O* 0.000 description 5
- 238000006116 polymerization reaction Methods 0.000 description 5
- 150000005846 sugar alcohols Polymers 0.000 description 5
- 239000004094 surface-active agent Substances 0.000 description 5
- TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[3-hydroxy-2,2-bis(hydroxymethyl)propoxy]methyl]-2-(hydroxymethyl)propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound OCC(CO)(CO)COCC(CO)(CO)CO TXBCBTDQIULDIA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fluorane Chemical compound F KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M Methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C([O-])=O CERQOIWHTDAKMF-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 4
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000003647 acryloyl group Chemical group O=C([*])C([H])=C([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000007743 anodising Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000004888 barrier function Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L chromic acid Substances O[Cr](O)(=O)=O KRVSOGSZCMJSLX-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 4
- 229920001577 copolymer Polymers 0.000 description 4
- JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N cyclohexanone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCC1 JHIVVAPYMSGYDF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 125000004386 diacrylate group Chemical group 0.000 description 4
- XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N dimethylselenoniopropionate Natural products CCC(O)=O XBDQKXXYIPTUBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000005868 electrolysis reaction Methods 0.000 description 4
- AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N furo[3,4-b]pyrazine-5,7-dione Chemical compound C1=CN=C2C(=O)OC(=O)C2=N1 AWJWCTOOIBYHON-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000007654 immersion Methods 0.000 description 4
- ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N isocyanuric acid Chemical compound OC1=NC(O)=NC(O)=N1 ZFSLODLOARCGLH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N maleic acid Chemical group OC(=O)\C=C/C(O)=O VZCYOOQTPOCHFL-UPHRSURJSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000011976 maleic acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N phthalic acid Chemical compound OC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1C(O)=O XNGIFLGASWRNHJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 description 4
- WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrogallol Chemical compound OC1=CC=CC(O)=C1O WQGWDDDVZFFDIG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000002904 solvent Substances 0.000 description 4
- DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N toluene 2,4-diisocyanate Chemical compound CC1=CC=C(N=C=O)C=C1N=C=O DVKJHBMWWAPEIU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N ε-Caprolactone Chemical compound O=C1CCCCCO1 PAPBSGBWRJIAAV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-(2-methoxy-5-methylphenyl)ethanamine Chemical compound COC1=CC=C(C)C=C1CCN SMZOUWXMTYCWNB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-Butanone Chemical compound CCC(C)=O ZWEHNKRNPOVVGH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 239000002202 Polyethylene glycol Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000004372 Polyvinyl alcohol Substances 0.000 description 3
- ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Triethylamine Chemical compound CCN(CC)CC ZMANZCXQSJIPKH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000002378 acidificating effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 125000005396 acrylic acid ester group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 125000003178 carboxy group Chemical group [H]OC(*)=O 0.000 description 3
- XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N copper(II) phthalocyanine Chemical compound [Cu+2].C12=CC=CC=C2C(N=C2[N-]C(C3=CC=CC=C32)=N2)=NC1=NC([C]1C=CC=CC1=1)=NC=1N=C1[C]3C=CC=CC3=C2[N-]1 XCJYREBRNVKWGJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 125000003700 epoxy group Chemical group 0.000 description 3
- 238000005227 gel permeation chromatography Methods 0.000 description 3
- VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N glycidyl methacrylate Chemical compound CC(=C)C(=O)OCC1CO1 VOZRXNHHFUQHIL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
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- 125000000542 sulfonic acid group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- 125000001302 tertiary amino group Chemical group 0.000 description 1
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- JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N thioindigo Chemical compound S\1C2=CC=CC=C2C(=O)C/1=C1/C(=O)C2=CC=CC=C2S1 JOUDBUYBGJYFFP-FOCLMDBBSA-N 0.000 description 1
- YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N thioxanthen-9-one Chemical class C1=CC=C2C(=O)C3=CC=CC=C3SC2=C1 YRHRIQCWCFGUEQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N tripropylamine Chemical compound CCCN(CCC)CCC YFTHZRPMJXBUME-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N trizinc;diborate Chemical compound [Zn+2].[Zn+2].[Zn+2].[O-]B([O-])[O-].[O-]B([O-])[O-] BIKXLKXABVUSMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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- RRLMGCBZYFFRED-UHFFFAOYSA-N undecyl prop-2-enoate Chemical compound CCCCCCCCCCCOC(=O)C=C RRLMGCBZYFFRED-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000007740 vapor deposition Methods 0.000 description 1
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- JEVGKYBUANQAKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N victoria blue R Chemical compound [Cl-].C12=CC=CC=C2C(=[NH+]CC)C=CC1=C(C=1C=CC(=CC=1)N(C)C)C1=CC=C(N(C)C)C=C1 JEVGKYBUANQAKG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N vinyl benzoate Chemical compound C=COC(=O)C1=CC=CC=C1 KOZCZZVUFDCZGG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Graft Or Block Polymers (AREA)
- Photosensitive Polymer And Photoresist Processing (AREA)
- Materials For Photolithography (AREA)
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、光重合性組成物および感光性平版印刷版に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
レーザーでデジタルデータを記録するCTP用版材においては、記録時間短縮の為、高感度であることが求められている。
【0003】
高感度化を達成する為に、さまざまな手段が提案されているが、そのひとつとして、モノマー(付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合含有単量体)構造中に、3級アミノ基を導入することが提案されている。(例えば、特開昭63−277653号、同63−260909号、特開平1−105238号、同1−203413号等)これらは感度、耐刷力に効果はあるものの、十分とは言えなかった。また、版を長期保存した際に、感度の低下が起きるという欠点があった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的は、感度、耐刷力が向上すると共に、版の長期保存時における感度安定性が、大幅に改善される光重合性組成物および感光性平版印刷版を提供することにある。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の上記目的は、以下の構成によって達成された。
【0006】
1.付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合含有単量体、光重合開始剤及び高分子結合材を含有する光重合性組成物において、該付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合含有単量体が、前記一般式(2)で表される構造を有する化合物である事を特徴とする光重合性組成物。
【0008】
2.前記1記載の光重合性組成物を、親水性表面を有する支持体上に塗布して成る事を特徴とする感光性平版印刷版。
【0010】
本発明を更に詳しく説明する。本発明の付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合含有単量体は、R1R2N−X1−(OH)aの構造を有する三級アミン多価アルコール化合物と、分子内に付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合とヒドロキシル基を共に有する化合物と、ジイソシアネート化合物の反応によって得ることが出来る。
【0011】
R1R2N−X1−(OH)aの構造を有する三級アミン多価アルコール化合物の具体例としては下記のA−1からA−13の化合物が好ましく用いられる。特にA−1からA−9は好ましい。
【0012】
【化4】
【0013】
分子内に付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合とヒドロキシル基を共に有する化合物としては、下記のM−1からM−11の化合物が好ましく用いられる。
【0014】
【化5】
【0015】
ジイソシアネート化合物としては、下記のU−1からU−14の化合物が好ましく用いられる。
【0016】
【化6】
【0017】
また、R1R2N−X1−(OH)aの構造を有する三級アミン多価アルコール化合物と、分子内に付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合とイソシアネートを共に有する化合物の反応によっても得ることが出来る。
【0018】
分子内に付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合とイソシアネートを共に有する化合物としてはメタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネートが好ましく用いることが出来る。
【0019】
これらの化合物の好ましい具体例は以下の通りであるが、本発明はこれに限定されない。
N−1:A−3(1モル)、U−4(2モル)、M−1(2モル)の反応生成物
N−2:A−3(1モル)、U−5(2モル)、M−2(2モル)の反応生成物
N−3:A−3(1モル)、U−4(2モル)、M−5(2モル)の反応生成物
N−4:A−5(1モル)、U−4(2モル)、M−7(2モル)の反応生成物
N−5:A−6(1モル)、U−3(2モル)、M−5(2モル)の反応生成物
N−6:A−9(1モル)、U−3(2モル)、M−3(2モル)の反応生成物
N−8:A−4(1モル)、U−12(2モル)、M−6(2モル)の反応生成物
N−9:A−3(1モル)、メタクリロイルオキシエチルイソシアネート(2モル)の反応生成物。
【0020】
本発明では、上記以外の一般的な付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合含有単量体を併用することができる。
【0021】
併用することができる具体的な化合物としては、例えば、2−エチルヘキシルアクリレート、2−ヒドロキシプロピルアクリレート、グリセロールアクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリルアクリレート、フェノキシエチルアクリレート、ノニルフェノキシエチルアクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリルオキシエチルアクリレート、テトラヒドロフルフリルオキシヘキサノリドアクリレート、1,3−ジオキサンアルコールのε−カプロラクトン付加物のアクリレート、1,3−ジオキソランアクリレート等の単官能アクリル酸エステル類、或いはこれらのアクリレートをメタクリレート、イタコネート、クロトネート、マレエートに代えたメタクリル酸、イタコン酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸エステル、例えば、エチレングリコールジアクリレート、トリエチレングルコールジアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールジアクリレート、ハイドロキノンジアクリレート、レゾルシンジアクリレート、ヘキサンジオールジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールジアクリレート、トリプロピレングリコールジアクリレート、ヒドロキシピバリン酸ネオペンチルグリコールのジアクリレート、ネオペンチルグリコールアジペートのジアクリレート、ヒドロキシピバリン酸ネオペンチルグリコールのε−カプロラクトン付加物のジアクリレート、2−(2−ヒドロキシ−1,1−ジメチルエチル)−5−ヒドロキシメチル−5−エチル−1,3−ジオキサンジアクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメチロールアクリレート、トリシクロデカンジメチロールアクリレートのε−カプロラクトン付加物、1,6−ヘキサンジオールのジグリシジルエーテルのジアクリレート等の2官能アクリル酸エステル類、或いはこれらのアクリレートをメタクリレート、イタコネート、クロトネート、マレエートに代えたメタクリル酸、イタコン酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸エステル、例えばトリメチロールプロパントリアクリレート、ジトリメチロールプロパンテトラアクリレート、トリメチロールエタントリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート、ペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールペンタアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレート、ジペンタエリスリトールヘキサアクリレートのε−カプロラクトン付加物、ピロガロールトリアクリレート、プロピオン酸・ジペンタエリスリトールトリアクリレート、プロピオン酸・ジペンタエリスリトールテトラアクリレート、ヒドロキシピバリルアルデヒド変性ジメチロールプロパントリアクリレート等の多官能アクリル酸エステル酸、或いはこれらのアクリレートをメタクリレート、イタコネート、クロトネート、マレエートに代えたメタクリル酸、イタコン酸、クロトン酸、マレイン酸エステル等を挙げることができる。
【0022】
また、プレポリマーも上記同様に使用することができる。プレポリマーとしては、後述する様な化合物等が挙げることができ、また、適当な分子量のオリゴマーにアクリル酸、又はメタクリル酸を導入し、光重合性を付与したプレポリマーも好適に使用できる。これらプレポリマーは、1種又は2種以上を併用してもよいし、上述の単量体及び/又はオリゴマーと混合して用いてもよい。
【0023】
プレポリマーとしては、例えばアジピン酸、トリメリット酸、マレイン酸、フタル酸、テレフタル酸、ハイミック酸、マロン酸、こはく酸、グルタール酸、イタコン酸、ピロメリット酸、フマル酸、グルタール酸、ピメリン酸、セバシン酸、ドデカン酸、テトラヒドロフタル酸等の多塩基酸と、エチレングリコール、プロピレングルコール、ジエチレングリコール、プロピレンオキサイド、1,4−ブタンジオール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、ポリエチレングリコール、グリセリン、トリメチロールプロパン、ペンタエリスリトール、ソルビトール、1,6−ヘキサンジオール、1,2,6−ヘキサントリオール等の多価のアルコールの結合で得られるポリエステルに(メタ)アクリル酸を導入したポリエステルアクリレート類、例えば、ビスフェノールA・エピクロルヒドリン・(メタ)アクリル酸、フェノールノボラック・エピクロルヒドリン・(メタ)アクリル酸のようにエポキシ樹脂に(メタ)アクリル酸を導入したエポキシアクリレート類、例えば、エチレングリコール・アジピン酸・トリレンジイソシアネート・2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、ポリエチレングリコール・トリレンジイソシアネート・2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、ヒドロキシエチルフタリルメタクリレート・キシレンジイソシアネート、1,2−ポリブタジエングリコール・トリレンジイソシアネート・2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパン・プロピレングリコール・トリレンジイソシアネート・2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレートのように、ウレタン樹脂に(メタ)アクリル酸を導入したウレタンアクリレート、例えば、ポリシロキサンアクリレート、ポリシロキサン・ジイソシアネート・2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート等のシリコーン樹脂アクリレート類、その他、油変性アルキッド樹脂に(メタ)アクリロイル基を導入したアルキッド変性アクリレート類、スピラン樹脂アクリレート類等のプレポリマーが挙げられる。
【0024】
また、ホスファゼンモノマー、トリエチレングリコール、イソシアヌール酸EO(エチレンオキシド)変性ジアクリレート、イソシアヌール酸EO変性トリアクリレート、ジメチロールトリシクロデカンジアクリレート、トリメチロールプロパンアクリル酸安息香酸エステル、アルキレングリコールタイプアクリル酸変性、ウレタン変性アクリレート等の単量体及び該単量体から形成される構成単位を有する付加重合性のオリゴマー及びプレポリマーも、併用できる。
【0025】
また、少なくとも一つの(メタ)アクリロイル基を含有するリン酸エステル化合物も併用できる。該化合物は、リン酸の水酸基の少なくとも一部がエステル化された化合物であり、しかも、(メタ)アクリロイル基を有する限り特に限定はされない。
【0026】
その他に、特開昭58−212994号公報、同61−6649号公報、同62−46688号公報、同62−48589号公報、同62−173295号公報、同62−187092号公報、同63−67189号公報、特開平1−244891号公報等に記載の化合物などを挙げることができ、更に「11290の化学商品」化学工業日報社、p.286〜p.294に記載の化合物、「UV・EB硬化ハンドブック(原料編)」高分子刊行会、p.11〜65に記載の化合物なども本発明においては好適に併用できる。
【0027】
光重合開始剤としては、例えばJ.コーサー(J.Kosar)著「ライト・センシティブ・システムズ」第5章に記載されているようなカルボニル化合物、有機硫黄化合物、過硫化物、レドックス系化合物、アゾ並びにジアゾ化合物、ハロゲン化合物、光還元性色素等が挙げられる。更に具体的な化合物は英国特許第1,459,563号に開示されている。
【0028】
即ち、光重合開始剤としては、次のようなものを使用することができる。例えば、ベンゾインメチルエーテル、ベンゾインイソプロピルエーテル、α,α−ジメトキシ−α−フェニルアセトフェノン等のベンゾイン誘導体;ベンゾフェノン、2,4−ジクロルベンゾフェノン、o−ベンゾイル安息香酸メチル、4,4′−ビス(ジメチルアミノ)ベンゾフェノン等のベンゾフェノン誘導体;2−クロルチオキサントン、2−イソプロピルチオキサントン等のチオキサントン誘導体;2−クロルアントラキノン、2−メチルアントラキノン等のアントラキノン誘導体;N−メチルアクリドン、N−ブチルアクリドン等のアクリドン誘導体;α,α−ジエトキシアセトフェノン;ベンジル;フルオレノン;キサントン;ウラニル化合物の他、特公昭59−1281号、特公昭61−9621号、ならびに特開昭60−60104号記載のトリアジン誘導体、特開昭59−1504号ならびに特開昭61−243807号記載の有機過酸化物、特公昭43−23684号、特公昭44−6413号、特公昭44−6413号、特公昭47−1604号ならびにUSP第3,567,453号記載のジアゾニウム化合物、USP第2,848,328号、USP第2,852,379号ならびにUSP第2,940,853号記載の有機アジド化合物、特公昭36−22062、特公昭37−13109号、特公昭38−18015号ならびに特公昭45−9610号記載のオルト−キノンジアジド類、特公昭55−39162号、特開昭59−14023号ならびにマクロモレキュルス(Macromolecules)、第10巻、第1307頁(1977年)記載の各種オニウム化合物、特開昭59−142205号記載のアゾ化合物、特開平1−54440号、ヨーロッパ特許第109851号、ヨーロッパ特許第126712号、ジャーナル・オブ・イメージング・サイエンス(J.Imag.Sci.)、第30巻、第174頁(1986年)記載の金属アレン錯体、特開平5−213861の(オキソ)スルホニウム有機ホウ素錯体、特開昭61−151197号記載のチタノセン類、コーディネーション・ケミストリー・レビュー(Coordination Chemistry Review)、第84巻、第85〜第277頁(1988年)ならびに特開平2−182701号記載のルテニウム等の遷移金属を含有する遷移金属錯体、特開平3−209477号記載の2,4,5−トリアリールイミダゾール二量体、四臭化炭素、特開昭59−107344号記載の有機ハロゲン化合物等が挙げられる。
【0029】
これら重合開始剤の配合量は特に限定されないが、好ましくは、付加重合または架橋可能な化合物100質量部に対しては、0.1〜20質量部(好ましくは10質量部以下)である。
【0030】
本発明に用いる感光性平版印刷版は、光重合性感光層に高分子結合材を含有する。
【0031】
本発明の高分子結合材としては、アクリル系重合体、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、ポリウレタン樹脂、ポリアミド樹脂、ポリエステル樹脂、エポキシ樹脂、フェノール樹脂、ポリカーボネート樹脂、ポリビニルブチラール樹脂、ポリビニルホルマール樹脂、シェラック、その他の天然樹脂等が使用出来る。また、これらを2種以上併用してもかまわない。
【0032】
好ましくはアクリル系のモノマーの共重合によって得られるビニル系共重合が好ましい。さらに、高分子結合材の共重合組成として、(a)カルボキシル基含有モノマー、(b)メタクリル酸アルキルエステル、またはアクリル酸アルキルエステルの共重合体であることが好ましい。
【0033】
カルボキシル基含有モノマーの具体例としては、α,β−不飽和カルボン酸類、例えばアクリル酸、メタクリル酸、マレイン酸、無水マレイン酸、イタコン酸、無水イタコン酸等が挙げられる。その他、フタル酸と2−ヒドロキシメタクリレートのハーフエステル等のカルボン酸も好ましい。
【0034】
メタクリル酸アルキルエステル、アクリル酸アルキルエステルの具体例としては、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸プロピル、メタクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸アミル、メタクリル酸ヘキシル、メタクリル酸ヘプチル、メタクリル酸オクチル、メタクリル酸ノニル、メタクリル酸デシル、メタクリル酸ウンデシル、メタクリル酸ドデシル、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸プロピル、アクリル酸ブチル、アクリル酸アミル、アクリル酸ヘキシル、アクリル酸ヘプチル、アクリル酸オクチル、アクリル酸ノニル、アクリル酸デシル、アクリル酸ウンデシル、アクリル酸ドデシル等の無置換アルキルエステルの他、メタクリル酸シクロヘキシル、アクリル酸シクロヘキシル等の環状アルキルエステルや、メタクリル酸ベンジル、メタクリル酸−2−クロロエチル、N,N−ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、グリシジルメタクリレート、アクリル酸ベンジル、アクリル酸−2−クロロエチル、N,N−ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート、グリシジルアクリレート等の置換アルキルエステルも挙げられる。
【0035】
さらに、本発明の高分子結合材は、他の共重合モノマーとして、下記1)〜14)に記載のモノマー等を用いる事が出来る。
【0036】
1)芳香族水酸基を有するモノマー、例えばo−(又はp−,m−)ヒドロキシスチレン、o−(又はp−,m−)ヒドロキシフェニルアクリレート等。
【0037】
2)脂肪族水酸基を有するモノマー、例えば2−ヒドロキシエチルアクリレート、2−ヒドロキシエチルメタクリレート、N−メチロールアクリルアミド、N−メチロールメタクリルアミド、4−ヒドロキシブチルメタクリレート、5−ヒドロキシペンチルアクリレート、5−ヒドロキシペンチルメタクリレート、6−ヒドロキシヘキシルアクリレート、6−ヒドロキシヘキシルメタクリレート、N−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)アクリルアミド、N−(2−ヒドロキシエチル)メタクリルアミド、ヒドロキシエチルビニルエーテル等。
【0038】
3)アミノスルホニル基を有するモノマー、例えばm−(又はp−)アミノスルホニルフェニルメタクリレート、m−(又はp−)アミノスルホニルフェニルアクリレート、N−(p−アミノスルホニルフェニル)メタクリルアミド、N−(p−アミノスルホニルフェニル)アクリルアミド等。
【0039】
4)スルホンアミド基を有するモノマー、例えばN−(p−トルエンスルホニル)アクリルアミド、N−(p−トルエンスルホニル)メタクリルアミド等。
【0040】
5)アクリルアミド又はメタクリルアミド類、例えばアクリルアミド、メタクリルアミド、N−エチルアクリルアミド、N−ヘキシルアクリルアミド、N−シクロヘキシルアクリルアミド、N−フェニルアクリルアミド、N−(4−ニトロフェニル)アクリルアミド、N−エチル−N−フェニルアクリルアミド、N−(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)アクリルアミド、N−(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)メタクリルアミド等。
【0041】
6)弗化アルキル基を含有するモノマー、例えばトリフルオロエチルアクリレート、トリフルオロエチルメタクリレート、テトラフルオロプロピルメタクリレート、ヘキサフルオロプロピルメタクリレート、オクタフルオロペンチルアクリレート、オクタフルオロペンチルメタクリレート、ヘプタデカフルオロデシルメタクリレート、N−ブチル−N−(2−アクリロキシエチル)ヘプタデカフルオロオクチルスルホンアミド等。
【0042】
7)ビニルエーテル類、例えば、エチルビニルエーテル、2−クロロエチルビニルエーテル、プロピルビニルエーテル、ブチルビニルエーテル、オクチルビニルエーテル、フェニルビニルエーテル等。
【0043】
8)ビニルエステル類、例えばビニルアセテート、ビニルクロロアセテート、ビニルブチレート、安息香酸ビニル等。
【0044】
9)スチレン類、例えばスチレン、メチルスチレン、クロロメチルスチレン等。
【0045】
10)ビニルケトン類、例えばメチルビニルケトン、エチルビニルケトン、プロピルビニルケトン、フェニルビニルケトン等。
【0046】
11)オレフィン類、例えばエチレン、プロピレン、i−ブチレン、ブタジエン、イソプレン等。
【0047】
12)N−ビニルピロリドン、N−ビニルカルバゾール、4−ビニルピリジン等。
【0048】
13)シアノ基を有するモノマー、例えばアクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル、2−ペンテンニトリル、2−メチル−3−ブテンニトリル、2−シアノエチルアクリレート、o−(又はm−,p−)シアノスチレン等。
【0049】
14)アミノ基を有するモノマー、例えばN,N−ジエチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノエチルアクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノエチルメタクリレート、ポリブタジエンウレタンアクリレート、N,N−ジメチルアミノプロピルアクリルアミド、N,N−ジメチルアクリルアミド、アクリロイルモルホリン、N−i−プロピルアクリルアミド、N,N−ジエチルアクリルアミド等。
【0050】
さらにこれらのモノマーと共重合し得る他のモノマーを共重合してもよい。
さらに、上記ビニル系共重合体の分子内に存在するカルボキシル基に、分子内に(メタ)アクリロイル基とエポキシ基を有する化合物を付加反応させる事によって得られる、不飽和結合含有ビニル系共重合体も高分子結合材として好ましい。
【0051】
分子内に不飽和結合とエポキシ基を共に含有する化合物としては、具体的にはグリシジルアクリレート、グリシジルメタクリレート、特開平11−271969号に記載のあるエポキシ基含有不飽和化合物等が挙げられる。
【0052】
これらの共重合体は、ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー(GPC)によって測定された重量平均分子量が1〜20万であるものが好ましいが、この範囲に限定されるものではない。
【0053】
感光層組成物中における高分子重合体の含有量は、10〜90質量%の範囲が好ましく、15〜70質量%の範囲が更に好ましく、20〜50質量%の範囲で使用することが感度の面から特に好ましい。
【0054】
更に樹脂の酸価については10〜150の範囲で使用するのが好ましく、30〜120の範囲がより好ましく、50〜90の範囲で使用することが、感光層全体の極性のバランスをとる観点から特に好ましく、これにより感光層塗布液での顔料の凝集を防ぐことができる。
【0055】
(各種添加剤)
本発明の感光性組成物を含有する光重合性感光層には、上記した成分の他に、感光性平版印刷版の製造中あるいは保存中において重合可能なエチレン性二重結合単量体の不要な重合を阻止するために、重合防止剤を添加することが望ましい。適当な重合防止剤としてはハイドロキノン、p−メトキシフェノール、ジ−t−ブチル−p−クレゾール、ピロガロール、t−ブチルカテコール、ベンゾキノン、4,4′−チオビス(3−メチル−6−t−ブチルフェノール)、2,2′−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−t−ブチルフェノール)、N−ニトロソフェニルヒドロキシルアミン第一セリウム塩、2−t−ブチル−6−(3−t−ブチル−2−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルベンジル)−4−メチルフェニルアクリレート等があげられる。
【0056】
重合防止剤の添加量は、上記組成物の全固形分の質量に対して、約0.01%〜約5%が好ましい。また必要に応じて、酸素による重合阻害を防止するためにベヘン酸やベヘン酸アミドのような高級脂肪酸誘導体等を添加したり、塗布後の乾燥の過程で感光性層の表面に偏在させてもよい。高級脂肪酸誘導体の添加量は、全組成物の約0.5%〜約10%が好ましい。
【0057】
また、着色剤も使用することができ、着色剤としては、市販のものを含め従来公知のものが好適に使用できる。例えば、改訂新版「顔料便覧」,日本顔料技術協会編(誠文堂新光社)、カラーインデックス便覧等に述べられているものが挙げられる。
【0058】
顔料の種類としては、黒色顔料、黄色顔料、赤色顔料、褐色顔料、紫色顔料、青色顔料、緑色顔料、蛍光顔料、金属粉顔料等が挙げられる。具体的には、無機顔料(二酸化チタン、カーボンブラック、グラファイト、酸化亜鉛、プルシアンブルー、硫化カドミウム、酸化鉄、ならびに鉛、亜鉛、バリウム及びカルシウムのクロム酸塩等)及び有機顔料(アゾ系、チオインジゴ系、アントラキノン系、アントアンスロン系、トリフェンジオキサジン系の顔料、バット染料顔料、フタロシアニン顔料及びその誘導体、キナクリドン顔料等)が挙げられる。
【0059】
これらの中でも、使用する露光レーザーに対応した分光増感色素の吸収波長域に実質的に吸収を持たない顔料を選択して使用することが好ましく、この場合、使用するレーザー波長での積分球を用いた顔料の反射吸収が0.05以下であることが好ましい。又、顔料の添加量としては、上記組成物の固形分に対し0.1〜10質量%が好ましく、より好ましくは0.2〜5質量%である。
【0060】
露光光源として、アルゴンレーザー(488nm)又はSHG−YAGレーザー(532nm)を使用する場合には、上記の感光波長領域での顔料吸収及び現像後の可視画性の観点から、紫色顔料、青色顔料を用いるのが好ましい。このようなものとしては、例えばコバルトブルー、セルリアンブルー、アルカリブルーレーキ、フォナトーンブルー6G、ビクトリアブルーレーキ、無金属フタロシアニンブルー、フタロシアニンブルーファストスカイブルー、インダンスレンブルー、インジコ、ジオキサンバイオレット、イソビオランスロンバイオレット、インダンスロンブルー、インダンスロンBC等を挙げることができる。これらの中で、より好ましくはフタロシアニンブルー、ジオキサンバイオレットである。
【0061】
また、上記組成物は、本発明の性能を損わない範囲で、界面活性剤を塗布性改良剤として含有することが出来る。その中でも好ましいのはフッ素系界面活性剤である。
【0062】
また、硬化皮膜の物性を改良するために、無機充填剤やジオクチルフタレート、ジメチルフタレート、トリクレジルホスフェート等の可塑剤等の添加剤を加えてもよい。これらの添加量は全固形分の10%以下が好ましい。
【0063】
また、本発明に係る光重合性感光層の感光性組成物を調製する際に使用する溶剤としては、例えば、アルコール:多価アルコールの誘導体類では、sec−ブタノール、イソブタノール、n−ヘキサノール、ベンジルアルコール、ジエチレングリコール、トリエチレングリコール、テトラエチレングリコール、1,5−ペンタンジオール、又エーテル類:プロピレングリコールモノブチルエーテル、ジプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、トリプロピレングリコールモノメチルエーテル、又ケトン類、アルデヒド類:ジアセトンアルコール、シクロヘキサノン、メチルシクロヘキサノン、又エステル類:乳酸エチル、乳酸ブチル、シュウ酸ジエチル、安息香酸メチル等が好ましく挙げられる。
【0064】
(保護層:酸素遮断層)
本発明に係る光重合性感光層の上側には、保護層を設けることが好ましい。該保護層(酸素遮断層)は、後述の現像液(一般にはアルカリ水溶液)への溶解性が高いことが好ましく、具体的には、ポリビニルアルコール及びポリビニルピロリドンを挙げることができる。ポリビニルアルコールは酸素の透過を抑制する効果を有し、また、ポリビニルピロリドンは隣接する感光層との接着性を確保する効果を有する。
【0065】
上記2種のポリマーの他に、必要に応じ、ポリサッカライド、ポリエチレングリコール、ゼラチン、膠、カゼイン、ヒドロキシエチルセルロース、カルボキシメチルセルロース、メチルセルロース、ヒドロキシエチル澱粉、アラビアゴム、サクローズオクタアセテート、アルギン酸アンモニウム、アルギン酸ナトリウム、ポリビニルアミン、ポリエチレンオキシド、ポリスチレンスルホン酸、ポリアクリル酸、水溶性ポリアミド等の水溶性ポリマーを併用することもできる。
【0066】
本発明に係る平版印刷版では、感光層と保護層間の剥離力が35mN/mm以上であることが好ましく、より好ましくは50mN/mm以上、更に好ましくは75mN/mm以上である。好ましい保護層の組成としては特願平8−161645号に記載されるものが挙げられる。
【0067】
本発明における剥離力は、保護層上に十分大きい粘着力を有する所定幅の粘着テープを貼り、それを平版印刷版材料の平面に対して90度の角度で保護層と共に剥離する時の力を測定することにより求めることができる。
【0068】
保護層には、更に必要に応じて界面活性剤、マット剤等を含有することができる。上記保護層組成物を適当な溶剤に溶解し感光層上に塗布・乾燥して保護層を形成する。塗布溶剤の主成分は水、あるいはメタノール、エタノール、i−プロパノール等のアルコール類であることが特に好ましい。
【0069】
保護層の厚みは0.1〜5.0μmが好ましく、特に好ましくは0.5〜3.0μmである。
【0070】
(支持体)
本発明に係る支持体は、親水性表面を有する、例えばアルミニウム、ステンレス、クロム、ニッケル等の金属板、また、ポリエステルフィルム、ポリエチレンフィルム、ポリプロピレンフィルム等のプラスチックフィルムに前述の金属薄膜をラミネートまたは蒸着したもの等が使用でき、また、ポリエステルフィルム、塩化ビニルフィルム、ナイロンフィルム等の表面に親水化処理を施したもの等が使用できるが、アルミニウム支持体が好ましく使用され、この場合、純アルミニウムまたはアルミニウム合金であってもかまわない。
【0071】
支持体のアルミニウム合金としては、種々のものが使用でき、例えば、珪素、銅、マンガン、マグネシウム、クロム、亜鉛、鉛、ビスマス、ニッケル、チタン、ナトリウム、鉄等の金属とアルミニウムの合金が用いられる。
【0072】
本発明に係る支持体は、粗面化(砂目立て処理)するに先立って表面の圧延油を除去するために脱脂処理を施すことが好ましい。脱脂処理としては、トリクレン、シンナー等の溶剤を用いる脱脂処理、ケシロン、トリエタノール等のエマルジョンを用いたエマルジョン脱脂処理等が用いられる。又、脱脂処理には、苛性ソーダ等のアルカリの水溶液を用いることもできる。脱脂処理に苛性ソーダ等のアルカリ水溶液を用いた場合、上記脱脂処理のみでは除去できない汚れや酸化皮膜も除去することができる。脱脂処理に苛性ソーダ等のアルカリ水溶液を用いた場合、支持体の表面にはスマットが生成するので、この場合には、燐酸、硝酸、硫酸、クロム酸等の酸、或いはそれらの混酸に浸漬しデスマット処理を施すことが好ましい。粗面化の方法としては、例えば、機械的方法、電解によりエッチングする方法が挙げられる。
【0073】
用いられる機械的粗面化法は特に限定されるものではないが、ブラシ研磨法、ホーニング研磨法が好ましい。ブラシ研磨法による粗面化は、例えば、直径0.2〜0.8mmのブラシ毛を使用した回転ブラシを回転し、支持体表面に、例えば、粒径10〜100μmの火山灰の粒子を水に均一に分散させたスラリーを供給しながら、ブラシを押し付けて行うことができる。ホーニング研磨による粗面化は、例えば、粒径10〜100μmの火山灰の粒子を水に均一に分散させ、ノズルより圧力をかけ射出し、支持体表面に斜めから衝突させて粗面化を行うことができる。又、例えば、支持体表面に、粒径10〜100μmの研磨剤粒子を、100〜200μmの間隔で、2.5×103〜10×103個/cm2の密度で存在するように塗布したシートを張り合わせ、圧力をかけてシートの粗面パターンを転写することにより粗面化を行うこともできる。
【0074】
上記の機械的粗面化法で粗面化した後、支持体の表面に食い込んだ研磨剤、形成されたアルミニウム屑等を取り除くため、酸又はアルカリの水溶液に浸漬することが好ましい。酸としては、例えば、硫酸、過硫酸、弗酸、燐酸、硝酸、塩酸等が用いられ、塩基としては、例えば水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が用いられる。これらの中でも、水酸化ナトリウム等のアルカリ水溶液を用いるのが好ましい。表面のアルミニウムの溶解量としては、0.5〜5g/m2が好ましい。アルカリ水溶液で浸漬処理を行った後、燐酸、硝酸、硫酸、クロム酸等の酸或いはそれらの混酸に浸漬し中和処理を施すことが好ましい。
【0075】
電気化学的粗面化法も特に限定されるものではないが、酸性電解液中で電気化学的に粗面化を行う方法が好ましい。酸性電解液は、電気化学的粗面化法に通常用いられる酸性電解液を使用することができるが、塩酸系または硝酸系電解液を用いるのが好ましい。電気化学的粗面化方法については、例えば、特公昭48−28123号公報、英国特許第896,563号公報、特開昭53−67507号公報に記載されている方法を用いることができる。この粗面化法は、一般には、1〜50ボルトの範囲の電圧を印加することによって行うことができる。
【0076】
電解液として硝酸系電解液を用いて電気化学的粗面化を行う場合、一般には、1〜50ボルトの範囲の電圧を印加することによって行うことができるが、10〜30ボルトの範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電流密度は、10〜200A/dm2の範囲を用いることができるが、20〜100A/dm2の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電気量は、100〜5000C/dm2の範囲を用いることができるが、100〜2000C/dm2の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電気化学的粗面化法を行う温度は、10〜50℃の範囲を用いることができるが、15〜45℃の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電解液における硝酸濃度は0.1〜5質量%が好ましい。電解液には、必要に応じて、硝酸塩、塩化物、アミン類、アルデヒド類、燐酸、クロム酸、ホウ酸、酢酸、しゅう酸等を加えることができる。
【0077】
電解液として塩酸系電解液を用いる場合、一般には、1〜50ボルトの範囲の電圧を印加することによって行うことができるが、2〜30ボルトの範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電流密度は、10〜200A/dm2の範囲を用いることができるが、50〜150A/dm2の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電気量は、100〜5000C/dm2の範囲を用いることができるが、100〜2000C/dm2、更には200〜1000C/dm2の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電気化学的粗面化法を行う温度は、10〜50℃の範囲を用いることができるが、15〜45℃の範囲から選ぶのが好ましい。電解液における塩酸濃度は0.1〜5質量%が好ましい。
【0078】
上記の電気化学的粗面化法で粗面化した後、表面のアルミニウム屑等を取り除くため、酸又はアルカリの水溶液に浸漬することが好ましい。酸としては、例えば、硫酸、過硫酸、弗酸、燐酸、硝酸、塩酸等が用いられ、塩基としては、例えば、水酸化ナトリウム、水酸化カリウム等が用いられる。これらの中でもアルカリの水溶液を用いるのが好ましい。表面のアルミニウムの溶解量としては、0.5〜5g/m2が好ましい。又、アルカリの水溶液で浸漬処理を行った後、燐酸、硝酸、硫酸、クロム酸等の酸或いはそれらの混酸に浸漬し中和処理を施すことが好ましい。
【0079】
機械的粗面化処理法、電気化学的粗面化法はそれぞれ単独で用いて粗面化してもよいし、又、機械的粗面化処理法に次いで電気化学的粗面化法を行って粗面化してもよい。
【0080】
粗面化処理の次には、陽極酸化処理を行うことができる。本発明において用いることができる陽極酸化処理の方法には特に制限はなく、公知の方法を用いることができる。陽極酸化処理を行うことにより、支持体上には酸化皮膜が形成される。該陽極酸化処理には、硫酸及び/又は燐酸等を10〜50%の濃度で含む水溶液を電解液として、電流密度1〜10A/dm2で電解する方法が好ましく用いられるが、他に、米国特許第1,412,768号公報に記載されている硫酸中で高電流密度で電解する方法や、同3,511,661号公報に記載されている燐酸を用いて電解する方法、クロム酸、シュウ酸、マロン酸等を一種又は二種以上含む溶液を用いる方法等が挙げられる。形成された陽極酸化被覆量は、1〜50mg/dm2が適当であり、好ましくは10〜40mg/dm2である。陽極酸化被覆量は、例えばアルミニウム板を燐酸クロム酸溶液(燐酸85%液:35ml、酸化クロム(IV):20gを1Lの水に溶解して作製)に浸積し、酸化被膜を溶解し、板の被覆溶解前後の質量変化測定等から求められる。
【0081】
陽極酸化処理された支持体は、必要に応じ封孔処理を施してもよい。これら封孔処理は、熱水処理、沸騰水処理、水蒸気処理、珪酸ソーダ処理、重クロム酸塩水溶液処理、亜硝酸塩処理、酢酸アンモニウム処理等公知の方法を用いて行うことができる。
【0082】
更に、これらの処理を行った後に、水溶性の樹脂、たとえばポリビニルホスホン酸、スルホン酸基を側鎖に有する重合体および共重合体、ポリアクリル酸、水溶性金属塩(例えばホウ酸亜鉛)もしくは、黄色染料、アミン塩等を下塗りしたものも好適である。更に、特開平5−304358号公報に開示されているようなラジカルによって付加反応を起し得る官能基を共有結合させたゾル−ゲル処理基板も好適に用いられる。
【0083】
(塗布)
調製された感光性組成物(感光層塗布液)は、従来公知の方法で支持体上に塗布し、乾燥し、感光性平版印刷版材料を作製することが出来る。塗布液の塗布方法としては、例えばエアドクタコータ法、ブレードコータ法、ワイヤバー法、ナイフコータ法、ディップコータ法、リバースロールコータ法、グラビヤコータ法、キャストコーティング法、カーテンコータ法及び押し出しコータ法等を挙げることが出来る。
【0084】
感光層の乾燥温度は、低いと十分な耐刷性を得ることが出来ず、又高過ぎるとマランゴニーを生じてしまうばかりか、非画線部のカブリを生じてしまう。好ましい乾燥温度範囲としては、60〜160℃の範囲が好ましく、より好ましくは80〜140℃、特に好ましくは、90〜120℃の範囲で乾燥することが好ましい。
【0085】
(画像記録方法)
本発明に係る平版印刷版に画像露光する光源としては、例えばレーザー、発光ダイオード、キセノンランプ、キセノンフラッシュランプ、ハロゲンランプ、カーボンアーク燈、メタルハライドランプ、タングステンランプ、高圧水銀ランプ、無電極光源等を挙げることができる。
【0086】
一括露光する場合には、光重合性感光層上に、所望の露光画像のネガパターンを遮光性材料で形成したマスク材料を重ね合わせ、露光すればよい。
【0087】
発光ダイオードアレイ等のアレイ型光源を使用する場合や、ハロゲンランプ、メタルハライドランプ、タングステンランプ等の光源を、液晶、PLZT等の光学的シャッター材料で露光制御する場合には、画像信号に応じたデジタル露光をすることが可能であり好ましい。この場合は、マスク材料を使用せず、直接書込みを行うことができる。
【0088】
レーザー露光の場合には、光をビーム状に絞り画像データに応じた走査露光が可能なので、マスク材料を使用せず、直接書込みを行うのに適している。又、レーザーを光源として用いる場合には、露光面積を微小サイズに絞ることが容易であり、高解像度の画像形成が可能となる。
【0089】
レーザー光源としては、アルゴンレーザー、He−Neガスレーザー、YAGレーザー、半導体レーザー等を何れも好適に用いることが可能であるが、本発明においては、InGaN系やZnSe系の材料を用い、380〜430nm域で連続発振可能な半導体レーザーを用いることが、本発明の効果をいかんなく発揮する上で、特に好ましい。
【0090】
レーザーの走査方法としては、円筒外面走査、円筒内面走査、平面走査などがある。円筒外面走査では、記録材料を外面に巻き付けたドラムを回転させながらレーザー露光を行い、ドラムの回転を主走査としレーザー光の移動を副走査とする。円筒内面走査では、ドラムの内面に記録材料を固定し、レーザービームを内側から照射し、光学系の一部又は全部を回転させることにより円周方向に主走査を行い、光学系の一部又は全部をドラムの軸に平行に直線移動させることにより軸方向に副走査を行う。平面走査では、ポリゴンミラーやガルバノミラーとfθレンズ等を組み合わせてレーザー光の主走査を行い、記録媒体の移動により副走査を行う。円筒外面走査及び円筒内面走査の方が光学系の精度を高め易く、高密度記録には適している。
【0091】
(プレヒート)
本発明においては、平版印刷版に画像を露光した後、現像処理する前または現像処理しながら感光性平版印刷版材料を加熱処理することが好ましい。この様に加熱処理することで、感光層と支持体の接着性が向上し、本発明に係る発明の効果を向上させることができる。
【0092】
本発明に係るプレヒートは、例えば、感光性平版印刷版材料を現像処理する自動現像装置において、現像処理時に搬送される感光性平版印刷版を現像前に所定の温度範囲に加熱するプレヒートローラによる加熱方法を挙げることができる。例えば、プレヒートローラは、内部に加熱手段を有する少なくとも1つのローラを含む1対のローラからなり、加熱手段を有するローラとしては、熱伝導率の高い金属(例えば、アルミニウム、鉄等)からなる中空パイプの内部に発熱体としてニクロム線等を埋設し、該金属パイプの外側面をポリエチレン、ポリスチレン、テフロン(R)等のプラスチックシートで被覆したものを使用することができる。また、こうしたプレヒートローラの詳細については、特開昭64−80962号公報を参照することができる。
【0093】
本発明における当該プレヒートは、70〜180℃で、3〜120秒程度行うことが好ましい。
【0094】
(現像液)
画像露光した感光層は露光部が硬化する。これをアルカリ現像液で現像処理することにより、未露光部が除去され画像形成が可能となる。この様な現像液としては、従来より知られているアルカリ水溶液が使用できる。例えばケイ酸ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム;第二燐酸ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム;重炭酸ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム;炭酸ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム;炭酸水素ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム;ホウ酸ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム;水酸化ナトリウム、同カリウム、同アンモニウム及び同リチウム等の無機アルカリ剤を使用するアルカリ現像液が挙げられる。
【0095】
また、モノメチルアミン、ジメチルアミン、トリメチルアミン、モノエチルアミン、ジエチルアミン、トリエチルアミン、モノ−i−プロピルアミン、ジ−i−プロピルアミン、トリ−i−プロピルアミン、ブチルアミン、モノエタノールアミン、ジエタノールアミン、トリエタノールアミン、モノ−i−プロパノールアミン、ジ−i−プロパノールアミン、エチレンイミン、エチレンジアミン、ピリジン等の有機アルカリ剤も用いることができる。
【0096】
これらのアルカリ剤は、単独または2種以上組合せて用いられる。また、該現像液には、必要に応じてアニオン性界面活性剤、両性活性剤やアルコール等の有機溶媒を加えることができる。
【0097】
本発明に係る水溶液は、基本的に、SiO2換算でのケイ酸濃度が1.0質量%で、pH8.5〜12.5の範囲である水溶液が好ましく、該水溶液は、他の添加剤を含有していてもよい。また、当該水溶液に、更に界面活性剤を0.1質量%以上5.0質量%以下の範囲で含有する水溶液がより好ましい。また、本発明に係る水溶液は、上記する現像液の成分を含有することも好ましい。
【0098】
【実施例】
以下に、合成例、支持体作製例、実施例を具体的に示すが、本発明の実施態様は、これ等に限定されるものでない。尚、実施例における「部」は、特に断りない限り「質量部」を表す。
【0099】
(バインダーの合成)
(アクリル系共重合体1の合成)
窒素気流下の三ツ口フラスコに、メタクリル酸30部、メタクリル酸メチル50部、アクリロニトリル10部、メタクリル酸エチル10部、イソプロピルアルコール500部及びα,α′−アゾビスイソブチロニトリル3部を入れ、窒素気流中80℃のオイルバスで6時間反応させた。その後、イソプロピルアルコールの沸点で1時間還流を行った後、トリエチルアンモニウムクロライド3部及びグリシジルメタクリレート25部を加えて3時間反応させ、アクリル系共重合体1を得た。GPCを用いて測定した質量平均分子量は約35,000、DSC(示差熱分析法)を用いて測定したガラス転移温度(Tg)は約85℃であった。
【0100】
(支持体の作製)
厚さ0.24mmのアルミニウム板(材質1050,調質H16)を65℃に保たれた5%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液に浸漬し、1分間の脱脂処理を行った後、水洗した。この脱脂アルミニウム板を、25℃に保たれた10%塩酸水溶液中に1分間浸漬して中和した後、水洗した。次いで、このアルミニウム板を、0.3質量%の硝酸水溶液中で、25℃、電流密度100A/dm2の条件下に交流電流により60秒間、電解粗面化を行った後、60℃に保たれた5%水酸化ナトリウム水溶液中で10秒間のデスマット処理を行った。デスマット処理を行った粗面化アルミニウム板を、15%硫酸溶液中で、25℃、電流密度10A/dm2、電圧15Vの条件下に1分間陽極酸化処理を行い、更に1%ポリビニルホスホン酸で75℃で親水化処理を行って支持体を作製した。この時、表面の中心線平均粗さ(Ra)は0.65μmであった。
【0101】
(支持体への下引き層設置)
上記支持体上に、下記組成の下引き層塗工液を乾燥時0.1g/m2になるようワイヤーバーで塗布し、90℃で1分間乾燥し、更に110℃で3分間の加熱処理を行って、下引き済み支持体を作製した。
【0102】
(下引き層塗工液)
γ−メタクリロキシプロピルトリメトキシシラン 1部
メチルエチルケトン 80部
シクロヘキサノン 19部
(感光性平版印刷版材料の作製)
上記下引き済み支持体上に、下記組成の光重合性感光層塗工液を乾燥時1.4g/m2になるようワイヤーバーで塗布し、95℃で1.5分間乾燥し、光重合感光層塗布試料を得た。
【0103】
上記光重合感光層塗布試料上に、下記組成の酸素遮断層塗工液を乾燥時1.8g/m2になるようになるようアプリケーターで塗布し、75℃で1.5分間乾燥して、感光層上に酸素遮断層を有する感光性平版印刷版試料を作製した。
【0104】
(酸素遮断層塗工液)
ポリビニルアルコール(GL−05:日本合成化学社製) 89部
水溶性ポリアミド(P−70:東レ社製) 10部
界面活性剤(サーフィノール465:日信化学工業社製) 0.5部
水 900部
《平版印刷版の評価》
〈532nmでの感度〉
感光性平版印刷版試料に、532nmの光源を備えたプレートセッター(タイガーキャット:ECRM社製)を用いて、2400dpi(dpiとは1インチ、即ち2.54cm当たりのドット数を表す)で露光を行った。
【0105】
露光パターンは、100%画像部と、175lpi(lpiとは1インチ、即ち2.54cm当たりのライン数を表す)50%のスクエアードットを使用した。
【0106】
次いで、版材を105度で10秒加熱処理するプレヒート部、現像前にオーバーコート層を除去する前水洗部、下記組成の現像液を充填した現像部、版面に付着した現像液を取り除く水洗部、画線部保護のためのガム液(GW−3:三菱化学社製を2倍希釈したもの)処理部を備えたCTP自動現像機(PHW23−V:Technigraph社製)で現像処理を行い、平版印刷版を得た。平版印刷版の版面に記録された100%画像部において、膜減りが観察されない最低量の露光エネルギー量を感度とした。結果は表1に示す。
【0107】
〈現像液組成(下記添加剤を含有する水溶液)〉
Aケイ酸カリ 8.0質量%
ニューコールB−13:日本乳化剤(株)製 3.0質量%
苛性カリ pH=12.3となる添加量
〈405nmでの感度〉
感光性平版印刷版試料に、コニカ製ステップタブレットを置き、さらにその上に405nmを中心に半値幅10nmを透過する干渉フィルタで覆い、メタルハライドランプを光源としたPS版用露光機を用いて露光を行った。現像処理は、上記と同様の方法で行い、平版印刷版の版面に記録されたステップタブレットの画像部において、膜減りが観察されない最低量の露光エネルギー量を感度とした。結果は表1に示す。
【0108】
〈保存性〉
感光性平版印刷版試料を55℃で3日間の強制保存下に置いた後、上記の方法で感度を評価した。強制保存前後の感度の差をとり、保存性の評価指標とした。
【0109】
〈耐刷力〉
175線の画像を適性露光量で露光、現像して作製した平版印刷版を、印刷機(三菱重工業(株)製DAIYA1F−1)で、コート紙、印刷インキ(大日本インキ化学工業社製の、大豆油インキ“ナチュラリス100”)及び湿し水(東京インク(株)製H液SG−51濃度1.5%)を用いて印刷を行い、ハイライト部の点細りの発生する印刷枚数を耐刷力の指標とした。
【0110】
【表1】
【0111】
【化7】
【0112】
【化8】
【0113】
尚、NKオリゴU−4HAは新中村化学工業社製の付加重合可能なエチレン性二重結合含有単量体である。
【0114】
表1から本発明の試料は、いずれも感度、耐刷力が向上すると共に、版の長期保存時における感度安定性が、大幅に改善されることがわかる。
【0115】
【発明の効果】
本発明により、感度、耐刷力が向上すると共に、版の長期保存時における感度安定性が、大幅に改善される光重合性組成物および感光性平版印刷版を提供することができた。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a photopolymerizable composition and a photosensitive lithographic printing plate.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A CTP plate material for recording digital data with a laser is required to have high sensitivity in order to shorten the recording time.
[0003]
In order to achieve high sensitivity, various means have been proposed. As one of them, a tertiary amino group is introduced into the monomer (addition polymerizable ethylenic double bond-containing monomer) structure. It has been proposed. (For example, JP-A-63-277653, JP-A-63-260909, JP-A-1-105238, JP-A-1-203413, etc.) Although these are effective in sensitivity and printing durability, they were not sufficient. . In addition, when the plate is stored for a long period of time, the sensitivity is lowered.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a photopolymerizable composition and a photosensitive lithographic printing plate in which sensitivity and printing durability are improved and sensitivity stability during long-term storage of the plate is greatly improved.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention has been achieved by the following constitutions.
[0006]
1. In a photopolymerizable composition containing an addition-polymerizable ethylenic double bond-containing monomer, a photopolymerization initiator and a polymer binder, the addition-polymerizable ethylenic double bond-containing monomer is General formula (2A photopolymerizable composition characterized by being a compound having a structure represented by:
[0008]
2. A photosensitive lithographic printing plate comprising the photopolymerizable composition described in 1 above coated on a support having a hydrophilic surface.
[0010]
The present invention will be described in more detail. The addition-polymerizable ethylenic double bond-containing monomer of the present invention is R1R2N-X1-(OH)aIt can be obtained by the reaction of a tertiary amine polyhydric alcohol compound having the following structure, a compound having both an ethylenic double bond capable of addition polymerization in the molecule and a hydroxyl group, and a diisocyanate compound.
[0011]
R1R2N-X1-(OH)aAs specific examples of the tertiary amine polyhydric alcohol compound having the following structure, the following compounds A-1 to A-13 are preferably used. A-1 to A-9 are particularly preferable.
[0012]
[Formula 4]
[0013]
As the compound having both an ethylenic double bond capable of addition polymerization in the molecule and a hydroxyl group, the following compounds M-1 to M-11 are preferably used.
[0014]
[Chemical formula 5]
[0015]
As the diisocyanate compound, the following U-1 to U-14 compounds are preferably used.
[0016]
[Chemical 6]
[0017]
R1R2N-X1-(OH)aIt can also be obtained by reacting a tertiary amine polyhydric alcohol compound having the following structure with a compound having both an ethylenic double bond capable of addition polymerization in the molecule and an isocyanate.
[0018]
As a compound having both an ethylenic double bond capable of addition polymerization in the molecule and an isocyanate, methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate can be preferably used.
[0019]
Preferred specific examples of these compounds are as follows, but the present invention is not limited thereto.
N-1: Reaction product of A-3 (1 mol), U-4 (2 mol), M-1 (2 mol)
N-2: Reaction product of A-3 (1 mol), U-5 (2 mol), M-2 (2 mol)
N-3: Reaction product of A-3 (1 mol), U-4 (2 mol), M-5 (2 mol)
N-4: Reaction product of A-5 (1 mol), U-4 (2 mol), M-7 (2 mol)
N-5: Reaction product of A-6 (1 mol), U-3 (2 mol), M-5 (2 mol)
N-6: Reaction product of A-9 (1 mol), U-3 (2 mol), M-3 (2 mol)object
N-8: Reaction product of A-4 (1 mol), U-12 (2 mol), M-6 (2 mol)
N-9: Reaction product of A-3 (1 mol) and methacryloyloxyethyl isocyanate (2 mol)object.
[0020]
In the present invention, general addition-polymerizable ethylenic double bond-containing monomers other than those described above can be used in combination.
[0021]
Specific compounds that can be used in combination include, for example, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, 2-hydroxypropyl acrylate, glycerol acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryl acrylate, phenoxyethyl acrylate, nonylphenoxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydrofurfuryloxyethyl acrylate, tetrahydro Furfuryloxyhexanolide acrylate, acrylate of ε-caprolactone adduct of 1,3-dioxane alcohol, monofunctional acrylic acid esters such as 1,3-dioxolane acrylate, or these acrylates as methacrylate, itaconate, crotonate, maleate Methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid esters such as ethylene glycol diacrylate , Triethylene glycol diacrylate, pentaerythritol diacrylate, hydroquinone diacrylate, resorcin diacrylate, hexanediol diacrylate, neopentyl glycol diacrylate, tripropylene glycol diacrylate, dipentylate of hydroxypentylate neopentyl glycol, Diacrylate of neopentyl glycol adipate, Diacrylate of ε-caprolactone adduct of neopentyl glycol hydroxypivalate, 2- (2-hydroxy-1,1-dimethylethyl) -5-hydroxymethyl-5-ethyl-1, Ε-caprolactone adduct of 3-dioxane diacrylate, tricyclodecane dimethylol acrylate, tricyclodecane dimethylol acrylate Difunctional acrylic acid esters such as diglycidyl ether diacrylate of 1,6-hexanediol, or methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, maleic acid ester in which these acrylates are replaced with methacrylate, itaconate, crotonate, maleate, For example, trimethylolpropane triacrylate, ditrimethylolpropane tetraacrylate, trimethylolethane triacrylate, pentaerythritol triacrylate, pentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, dipentaerythritol pentaacrylate, dipentaerythritol hexaacrylate, dipentaerythritol Ε-caprolactone adduct of hexaacrylate, pyrogallol triacrylate Polyfunctional acrylic acid esters such as propionic acid / dipentaerythritol triacrylate, propionic acid / dipentaerythritol tetraacrylate, hydroxypivalylaldehyde-modified dimethylolpropane triacrylate, or these acrylates with methacrylate, itaconate, crotonate, Examples thereof include methacrylic acid, itaconic acid, crotonic acid, and maleic acid ester instead of maleate.
[0022]
Prepolymers can also be used as described above. Examples of the prepolymer include compounds as described below, and a prepolymer obtained by introducing acrylic acid or methacrylic acid into an oligomer having an appropriate molecular weight and imparting photopolymerizability can be preferably used. These prepolymers may be used alone or in combination of two or more, and may be used by mixing with the above-mentioned monomers and / or oligomers.
[0023]
Examples of prepolymers include adipic acid, trimellitic acid, maleic acid, phthalic acid, terephthalic acid, hymic acid, malonic acid, succinic acid, glutaric acid, itaconic acid, pyromellitic acid, fumaric acid, glutaric acid, pimelic acid, Polybasic acids such as sebacic acid, dodecanoic acid, tetrahydrophthalic acid, and ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, diethylene glycol, propylene oxide, 1,4-butanediol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, glycerin, trimethylol Polyester obtained by introducing (meth) acrylic acid into a polyester obtained by combining polyhydric alcohols such as propane, pentaerythritol, sorbitol, 1,6-hexanediol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol Chlorates such as bisphenol A, epichlorohydrin, (meth) acrylic acid, and epoxy acrylates in which (meth) acrylic acid is introduced into an epoxy resin such as phenol novolac, epichlorohydrin, (meth) acrylic acid, such as ethylene glycol, adipine Acid / tolylene diisocyanate / 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, polyethylene glycol / tolylene diisocyanate / 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, hydroxyethylphthalyl methacrylate / xylene diisocyanate, 1,2-polybutadiene glycol / tolylene diisocyanate / 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate , Trimethylolpropane, propylene glycol, tolylene diisocyanate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate In addition, urethane acrylates in which (meth) acrylic acid is introduced into urethane resin, for example, silicone resin acrylates such as polysiloxane acrylate, polysiloxane diisocyanate, 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, etc., and (meth) acryloyl in oil-modified alkyd resins Examples thereof include prepolymers such as alkyd-modified acrylates having introduced groups and spirane resin acrylates.
[0024]
Also, phosphazene monomer, triethylene glycol, isocyanuric acid EO (ethylene oxide) modified diacrylate, isocyanuric acid EO modified triacrylate, dimethylol tricyclodecane diacrylate, trimethylolpropane acrylic acid benzoate, alkylene glycol type acrylic acid Monomers such as modified and urethane-modified acrylates and addition polymerizable oligomers and prepolymers having structural units formed from the monomers can also be used in combination.
[0025]
Moreover, the phosphate ester compound containing at least 1 (meth) acryloyl group can also be used together. The compound is not particularly limited as long as it is a compound in which at least part of the hydroxyl group of phosphoric acid is esterified and has a (meth) acryloyl group.
[0026]
In addition, JP-A-58-212994, 61-6649, 62-46688, 62-48589, 62-173295, 62-187092, 63- 67189, JP-A-1-244891, and the like. Further, “11290 Chemical Products”, Chemical Industry Daily, p. 286-p. 294, “UV / EB Curing Handbook (raw material)”, Kobunshi Publishing Co., p. The compounds described in 11 to 65 can also be suitably used in the present invention.
[0027]
Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include J.I. Carbonyl compounds, organic sulfur compounds, persulfides, redox compounds, azo and diazo compounds, halogen compounds, photoreducibility as described in Chapter 5 of “Light Sensitive Systems” by J. Kosar And pigments. More specific compounds are disclosed in British Patent 1,459,563.
[0028]
That is, the following can be used as a photopolymerization initiator. For example, benzoin derivatives such as benzoin methyl ether, benzoin isopropyl ether, α, α-dimethoxy-α-phenylacetophenone; benzophenone, 2,4-dichlorobenzophenone, methyl o-benzoylbenzoate, 4,4′-bis (dimethyl) Benzophenone derivatives such as amino) benzophenone; thioxanthone derivatives such as 2-chlorothioxanthone and 2-isopropylthioxanthone; anthraquinone derivatives such as 2-chloroanthraquinone and 2-methylanthraquinone; acridones such as N-methylacridone and N-butylacridone Α, α-diethoxyacetophenone, benzyl, fluorenone, xanthone, uranyl compound, JP-B-59-1281, JP-B-61-9621, and JP-A-60-601 No. 04 triazine derivatives, organic peroxides described in JP-A-59-1504 and JP-A-61-243807, JP-B 43-23684, JP-B 44-6413, JP-B 44-6413, Diazonium compounds described in JP-B-47-1604 and USP 3,567,453, organic azides described in USP 2,848,328, USP 2,852,379 and USP 2,940,853 Compounds, ortho-quinone diazides described in JP-B 36-22062, JP-B 37-13109, JP-B 38-18015 and JP-B 45-9610, JP-B 55-39162, JP-A 59-14023 and Macromolecules, Vol. 10, p. 1307 (1977) Various onium compounds, azo compounds described in JP-A-59-142205, JP-A-1-54440, European Patent No. 109851, European Patent No. 126712, Journal of Imaging Science (J. Imag. Sci. ), Vol. 30, page 174 (1986), (oxo) sulfonium organoboron complexes described in JP-A-5-213861, titanocenes described in JP-A-61-1151197, coordination chemistry review (Coordination Chemistry Review), Vol. 84, pages 85 to 277 (1988) and transition metal complexes containing a transition metal such as ruthenium described in JP-A-2-182701, 2 described in JP-A-3-209477 , 4,5-tri Reel imidazole dimer, carbon tetrabromide, organic halogen compounds described in JP-A-59-107344, and the like.
[0029]
Although the compounding quantity of these polymerization initiators is not specifically limited, Preferably, it is 0.1-20 mass parts (preferably 10 mass parts or less) with respect to 100 mass parts of addition polymerization or a crosslinkable compound.
[0030]
The photosensitive lithographic printing plate used in the present invention contains a polymer binder in the photopolymerizable photosensitive layer.
[0031]
Examples of the polymer binder of the present invention include acrylic polymers, polyvinyl butyral resins, polyurethane resins, polyamide resins, polyester resins, epoxy resins, phenol resins, polycarbonate resins, polyvinyl butyral resins, polyvinyl formal resins, shellacs, and other natural materials. Resin etc. can be used. Two or more of these may be used in combination.
[0032]
A vinyl copolymer obtained by copolymerization of acrylic monomers is preferred. Furthermore, the copolymer composition of the polymer binder is preferably a copolymer of (a) carboxyl group-containing monomer, (b) methacrylic acid alkyl ester, or acrylic acid alkyl ester.
[0033]
Specific examples of the carboxyl group-containing monomer include α, β-unsaturated carboxylic acids such as acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, maleic anhydride, itaconic acid, itaconic anhydride and the like. In addition, carboxylic acids such as phthalic acid and 2-hydroxymethacrylate half ester are also preferable.
[0034]
Specific examples of alkyl methacrylate esters and alkyl methacrylate esters include methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, propyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, amyl methacrylate, hexyl methacrylate, heptyl methacrylate, octyl methacrylate, nonyl methacrylate. , Decyl methacrylate, undecyl methacrylate, dodecyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, propyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, amyl acrylate, hexyl acrylate, heptyl acrylate, octyl acrylate, nonyl acrylate, acrylic In addition to unsubstituted alkyl esters such as decyl acid, undecyl acrylate, and dodecyl acrylate, cyclic alkyl esters such as cyclohexyl methacrylate and cyclohexyl acrylate, Substituted alkyl esters such as benzyl methacrylate, 2-chloroethyl methacrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, benzyl acrylate, 2-chloroethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, and glycidyl acrylate Also mentioned.
[0035]
Furthermore, in the polymer binder of the present invention, monomers described in the following 1) to 14) can be used as other copolymerization monomers.
[0036]
1) Monomers having an aromatic hydroxyl group, such as o- (or p-, m-) hydroxystyrene, o- (or p-, m-) hydroxyphenyl acrylate and the like.
[0037]
2) Monomers having an aliphatic hydroxyl group, such as 2-hydroxyethyl acrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, N-methylol acrylamide, N-methylol methacrylamide, 4-hydroxybutyl methacrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl acrylate, 5-hydroxypentyl methacrylate , 6-hydroxyhexyl acrylate, 6-hydroxyhexyl methacrylate, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) acrylamide, N- (2-hydroxyethyl) methacrylamide, hydroxyethyl vinyl ether and the like.
[0038]
3) A monomer having an aminosulfonyl group, such as m- (or p-) aminosulfonylphenyl methacrylate, m- (or p-) aminosulfonylphenyl acrylate, N- (p-aminosulfonylphenyl) methacrylamide, N- (p -Aminosulfonylphenyl) acrylamide and the like.
[0039]
4) Monomers having a sulfonamide group, such as N- (p-toluenesulfonyl) acrylamide, N- (p-toluenesulfonyl) methacrylamide and the like.
[0040]
5) Acrylamide or methacrylamides such as acrylamide, methacrylamide, N-ethylacrylamide, N-hexylacrylamide, N-cyclohexylacrylamide, N-phenylacrylamide, N- (4-nitrophenyl) acrylamide, N-ethyl-N- Phenylacrylamide, N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) acrylamide, N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) methacrylamide and the like.
[0041]
6) Monomers containing fluorinated alkyl groups such as trifluoroethyl acrylate, trifluoroethyl methacrylate, tetrafluoropropyl methacrylate, hexafluoropropyl methacrylate, octafluoropentyl acrylate, octafluoropentyl methacrylate, heptadecafluorodecyl methacrylate, N- Butyl-N- (2-acryloxyethyl) heptadecafluorooctylsulfonamide and the like.
[0042]
7) Vinyl ethers such as ethyl vinyl ether, 2-chloroethyl vinyl ether, propyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, octyl vinyl ether, phenyl vinyl ether and the like.
[0043]
8) Vinyl esters such as vinyl acetate, vinyl chloroacetate, vinyl butyrate, vinyl benzoate and the like.
[0044]
9) Styrenes such as styrene, methyl styrene, chloromethyl styrene and the like.
[0045]
10) Vinyl ketones such as methyl vinyl ketone, ethyl vinyl ketone, propyl vinyl ketone, and phenyl vinyl ketone.
[0046]
11) Olefins such as ethylene, propylene, i-butylene, butadiene, isoprene and the like.
[0047]
12) N-vinylpyrrolidone, N-vinylcarbazole, 4-vinylpyridine and the like.
[0048]
13) Monomers having a cyano group, such as acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, 2-pentenenitrile, 2-methyl-3-butenenitrile, 2-cyanoethyl acrylate, o- (or m-, p-) cyanostyrene.
[0049]
14) Monomers having an amino group, such as N, N-diethylaminoethyl methacrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate, polybutadiene urethane acrylate, N, N-dimethylaminopropyl acrylamide, N, N-dimethylacrylamide, acryloylmorpholine, Ni-propylacrylamide, N, N-diethylacrylamide and the like.
[0050]
Further, other monomers that can be copolymerized with these monomers may be copolymerized.
Furthermore, an unsaturated bond-containing vinyl copolymer obtained by addition-reacting a compound having a (meth) acryloyl group and an epoxy group in the molecule to a carboxyl group present in the molecule of the vinyl copolymer. Is also preferred as a polymer binder.
[0051]
Specific examples of the compound containing both an unsaturated bond and an epoxy group in the molecule include glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, and an epoxy group-containing unsaturated compound described in JP-A No. 11-271969.
[0052]
These copolymers preferably have a weight average molecular weight of 1 to 200,000 as measured by gel permeation chromatography (GPC), but are not limited to this range.
[0053]
The content of the high molecular polymer in the photosensitive layer composition is preferably in the range of 10 to 90% by mass, more preferably in the range of 15 to 70% by mass, and the sensitivity to use in the range of 20 to 50% by mass. Particularly preferred from the viewpoint.
[0054]
Furthermore, the acid value of the resin is preferably used in the range of 10 to 150, more preferably in the range of 30 to 120, and the use in the range of 50 to 90 from the viewpoint of balancing the polarity of the entire photosensitive layer. Particularly preferred, this can prevent pigment aggregation in the photosensitive layer coating solution.
[0055]
(Various additives)
In addition to the components described above, the photopolymerizable photosensitive layer containing the photosensitive composition of the present invention does not require an ethylenic double bond monomer that can be polymerized during production or storage of the photosensitive lithographic printing plate. In order to prevent proper polymerization, it is desirable to add a polymerization inhibitor. Suitable polymerization inhibitors include hydroquinone, p-methoxyphenol, di-t-butyl-p-cresol, pyrogallol, t-butylcatechol, benzoquinone, 4,4'-thiobis (3-methyl-6-t-butylphenol) 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-t-butylphenol), N-nitrosophenylhydroxylamine cerium salt, 2-t-butyl-6- (3-t-butyl-2-hydroxy-5) -Methylbenzyl) -4-methylphenyl acrylate and the like.
[0056]
The addition amount of the polymerization inhibitor is preferably about 0.01% to about 5% with respect to the mass of the total solid content of the composition. If necessary, higher fatty acid derivatives such as behenic acid and behenic acid amide may be added to prevent polymerization inhibition due to oxygen, or it may be unevenly distributed on the surface of the photosensitive layer during the drying process after coating. Good. The amount of the higher fatty acid derivative added is preferably about 0.5% to about 10% of the total composition.
[0057]
Moreover, a coloring agent can also be used and a conventionally well-known thing can be used conveniently as a coloring agent including a commercially available thing. Examples include those described in the revised new edition “Pigment Handbook”, edited by Japan Pigment Technology Association (Seikodo Shinkosha), Color Index Handbook, and the like.
[0058]
Examples of the pigment include black pigment, yellow pigment, red pigment, brown pigment, purple pigment, blue pigment, green pigment, fluorescent pigment, and metal powder pigment. Specifically, inorganic pigments (titanium dioxide, carbon black, graphite, zinc oxide, Prussian blue, cadmium sulfide, iron oxide, and lead, zinc, barium and calcium chromates) and organic pigments (azo-based, thioindigo) , Anthraquinone, anthanthrone, and triphendioxazine pigments, vat dye pigments, phthalocyanine pigments and derivatives thereof, quinacridone pigments, and the like.
[0059]
Among these, it is preferable to select and use a pigment having substantially no absorption in the absorption wavelength region of the spectral sensitizing dye corresponding to the exposure laser to be used. In this case, an integrating sphere at the laser wavelength to be used is used. It is preferable that the reflection absorption of the used pigment is 0.05 or less. Moreover, as an addition amount of a pigment, 0.1-10 mass% is preferable with respect to solid content of the said composition, More preferably, it is 0.2-5 mass%.
[0060]
When an argon laser (488 nm) or SHG-YAG laser (532 nm) is used as the exposure light source, purple pigments and blue pigments are used from the viewpoints of pigment absorption in the photosensitive wavelength region and visible image properties after development. It is preferable to use it. Such as, for example, cobalt blue, cerulean blue, alkali blue lake, phonatone blue 6G, Victoria blue lake, metal-free phthalocyanine blue, phthalocyanine blue fast sky blue, indanthrene blue, indico, dioxane violet, iso Violanthrone Violet, Indanthrone Blue, Indanthrone BC and the like can be mentioned. Among these, phthalocyanine blue and dioxane violet are more preferable.
[0061]
Moreover, the said composition can contain surfactant as a coating property improving agent in the range which does not impair the performance of this invention. Of these, fluorine-based surfactants are preferred.
[0062]
In order to improve the physical properties of the cured film, additives such as an inorganic filler, a plasticizer such as dioctyl phthalate, dimethyl phthalate, and tricresyl phosphate may be added. These addition amounts are preferably 10% or less of the total solid content.
[0063]
Moreover, as a solvent used when preparing the photosensitive composition of the photopolymerizable photosensitive layer according to the present invention, for example, in the case of alcohol: polyhydric alcohol derivatives, sec-butanol, isobutanol, n-hexanol, Benzyl alcohol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, tetraethylene glycol, 1,5-pentanediol, ethers: propylene glycol monobutyl ether, dipropylene glycol monomethyl ether, tripropylene glycol monomethyl ether, ketones, aldehydes: diacetone Preferable examples include alcohol, cyclohexanone, methylcyclohexanone, and esters: ethyl lactate, butyl lactate, diethyl oxalate, methyl benzoate and the like.
[0064]
(Protective layer: oxygen barrier layer)
A protective layer is preferably provided on the upper side of the photopolymerizable photosensitive layer according to the present invention. The protective layer (oxygen barrier layer) preferably has high solubility in a developer described later (generally an alkaline aqueous solution), and specific examples include polyvinyl alcohol and polyvinyl pyrrolidone. Polyvinyl alcohol has an effect of suppressing permeation of oxygen, and polyvinyl pyrrolidone has an effect of ensuring adhesion with an adjacent photosensitive layer.
[0065]
In addition to the above two polymers, polysaccharides, polyethylene glycol, gelatin, glue, casein, hydroxyethyl cellulose, carboxymethyl cellulose, methyl cellulose, hydroxyethyl starch, gum arabic, sucrose octaacetate, ammonium alginate, sodium alginate as required Water-soluble polymers such as polyvinylamine, polyethylene oxide, polystyrene sulfonic acid, polyacrylic acid, and water-soluble polyamide can also be used in combination.
[0066]
In the lithographic printing plate according to the present invention, the peeling force between the photosensitive layer and the protective layer is preferably 35 mN / mm or more, more preferably 50 mN / mm or more, and still more preferably 75 mN / mm or more. Preferred examples of the protective layer composition include those described in Japanese Patent Application No. 8-161645.
[0067]
The peeling force in the present invention is the force when a pressure-sensitive adhesive tape having a sufficiently large adhesive strength is applied on the protective layer and peeled off with the protective layer at an angle of 90 degrees with respect to the plane of the planographic printing plate material. It can be determined by measuring.
[0068]
The protective layer can further contain a surfactant, a matting agent and the like as required. The protective layer composition is dissolved in a suitable solvent, applied onto the photosensitive layer and dried to form a protective layer. The main component of the coating solvent is particularly preferably water or alcohols such as methanol, ethanol, i-propanol.
[0069]
The thickness of the protective layer is preferably from 0.1 to 5.0 μm, particularly preferably from 0.5 to 3.0 μm.
[0070]
(Support)
The support according to the present invention has a hydrophilic surface, for example, a metal plate such as aluminum, stainless steel, chromium and nickel, or a laminate or vapor deposition of the aforementioned metal thin film on a plastic film such as a polyester film, a polyethylene film or a polypropylene film. In addition, the surface of a polyester film, vinyl chloride film, nylon film or the like that has been subjected to a hydrophilic treatment can be used, but an aluminum support is preferably used, and in this case, pure aluminum or aluminum An alloy may be used.
[0071]
Various aluminum alloys can be used as the support, and for example, alloys of metals such as silicon, copper, manganese, magnesium, chromium, zinc, lead, bismuth, nickel, titanium, sodium, iron, and aluminum are used. .
[0072]
The support according to the present invention is preferably subjected to a degreasing treatment in order to remove surface rolling oil prior to roughening (graining treatment). As the degreasing treatment, a degreasing treatment using a solvent such as trichlene or thinner, an emulsion degreasing treatment using an emulsion such as kesilon or triethanol, or the like is used. In addition, an alkaline aqueous solution such as caustic soda can be used for the degreasing treatment. When an alkaline aqueous solution such as caustic soda is used for the degreasing treatment, dirt and oxide film that cannot be removed only by the degreasing treatment can be removed. When an alkaline aqueous solution such as caustic soda is used for the degreasing treatment, smut is generated on the surface of the support. It is preferable to perform the treatment. Examples of the roughening method include a mechanical method and a method of etching by electrolysis.
[0073]
The mechanical roughening method used is not particularly limited, but a brush polishing method and a honing polishing method are preferable. The roughening by the brush polishing method is, for example, by rotating a rotating brush using a bristle having a diameter of 0.2 to 0.8 mm, and for example, volcanic ash particles having a particle size of 10 to 100 μm on water. While supplying the uniformly dispersed slurry, the brush can be pressed. The roughening by honing polishing is performed by, for example, uniformly dispersing volcanic ash particles having a particle size of 10 to 100 μm in water, injecting pressure from a nozzle, and causing the surface to collide obliquely with the support surface. Can do. Further, for example, abrasive particles having a particle diameter of 10 to 100 μm are applied to the support surface at an interval of 100 to 200 μm at 2.5 × 10.Three-10x10ThreePiece / cm2It is also possible to perform roughening by laminating the coated sheets so as to exist at a density and transferring the rough surface pattern of the sheet by applying pressure.
[0074]
After roughening by the above-mentioned mechanical roughening method, it is preferable to immerse in an aqueous solution of acid or alkali in order to remove the abrasive that has digged into the surface of the support, formed aluminum scraps and the like. Examples of the acid include sulfuric acid, persulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and the like. Examples of the base include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Among these, it is preferable to use an aqueous alkali solution such as sodium hydroxide. The amount of aluminum dissolved on the surface is 0.5 to 5 g / m.2Is preferred. After the immersion treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution, it is preferable to carry out a neutralization treatment by immersion in an acid such as phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, chromic acid or a mixed acid thereof.
[0075]
The electrochemical surface roughening method is not particularly limited, but a method of electrochemical surface roughening in an acidic electrolyte is preferable. As the acidic electrolytic solution, an acidic electrolytic solution usually used in an electrochemical surface roughening method can be used, but a hydrochloric acid-based or nitric acid-based electrolytic solution is preferably used. As the electrochemical surface roughening method, for example, methods described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 48-28123, British Patent No. 896,563 and Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 53-67507 can be used. This roughening method can be generally performed by applying a voltage in the range of 1 to 50 volts.
[0076]
When electrochemical surface roughening is performed using a nitric acid-based electrolyte as the electrolyte, it can be generally performed by applying a voltage in the range of 1 to 50 volts, but is selected from the range of 10 to 30 volts. Is preferred. Current density is 10 to 200 A / dm2The range of 20-100 A / dm can be used.2It is preferable to select from the range. The amount of electricity is 100 to 5000 C / dm2The range of 100 to 2000 C / dm can be used.2It is preferable to select from the range. The temperature at which the electrochemical roughening method is performed can be in the range of 10 to 50 ° C, but is preferably selected from the range of 15 to 45 ° C. The concentration of nitric acid in the electrolytic solution is preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass. If necessary, nitrate, chloride, amines, aldehydes, phosphoric acid, chromic acid, boric acid, acetic acid, oxalic acid, and the like can be added to the electrolytic solution.
[0077]
When a hydrochloric acid-based electrolyte is used as the electrolyte, it can be generally applied by applying a voltage in the range of 1 to 50 volts, but is preferably selected from the range of 2 to 30 volts. Current density is 10 to 200 A / dm2The range of 50 to 150 A / dm can be used.2It is preferable to select from the range. The amount of electricity is 100 to 5000 C / dm2The range of 100 to 2000 C / dm can be used.2Furthermore, 200-1000 C / dm2It is preferable to select from the range. The temperature at which the electrochemical roughening method is performed can be in the range of 10 to 50 ° C, but is preferably selected from the range of 15 to 45 ° C. The concentration of hydrochloric acid in the electrolytic solution is preferably 0.1 to 5% by mass.
[0078]
After the surface is roughened by the electrochemical surface roughening method, it is preferably immersed in an acid or alkali aqueous solution in order to remove aluminum scraps on the surface. Examples of the acid include sulfuric acid, persulfuric acid, hydrofluoric acid, phosphoric acid, nitric acid, hydrochloric acid, and the like. Examples of the base include sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide. Among these, it is preferable to use an alkaline aqueous solution. The amount of aluminum dissolved on the surface is 0.5 to 5 g / m.2Is preferred. In addition, it is preferable that after the immersion treatment with an alkaline aqueous solution, neutralization treatment is performed by immersion in an acid such as phosphoric acid, nitric acid, sulfuric acid, chromic acid or a mixed acid thereof.
[0079]
The mechanical surface roughening method and the electrochemical surface roughening method may each be used alone for roughing, or the mechanical surface roughening method followed by the electrochemical surface roughening method. You may roughen.
[0080]
Following the roughening treatment, an anodic oxidation treatment can be performed. There is no restriction | limiting in particular in the method of the anodizing process which can be used in this invention, A well-known method can be used. By performing the anodizing treatment, an oxide film is formed on the support. In the anodizing treatment, an aqueous solution containing sulfuric acid and / or phosphoric acid at a concentration of 10 to 50% is used as an electrolytic solution, and a current density of 1 to 10 A / dm.2The electrolysis method is preferably used, but in addition, a method of electrolysis at a high current density in sulfuric acid described in US Pat. No. 1,412,768 and a method described in US Pat. No. 3,511,661. Examples thereof include a method of electrolysis using phosphoric acid, a method of using a solution containing one or more of chromic acid, oxalic acid, malonic acid and the like. The formed anodic oxidation coating amount is 1-50 mg / dm.2Is suitable, preferably 10 to 40 mg / dm2It is. The anodized coating amount is obtained by, for example, immersing an aluminum plate in a chromic phosphate solution (85% phosphoric acid solution: 35 ml, prepared by dissolving 20 g of chromium (IV) oxide in 1 L of water) to dissolve the oxide film, It is obtained from mass change measurement before and after dissolution of the coating on the plate.
[0081]
The anodized support may be sealed as necessary. These sealing treatments can be performed using known methods such as hot water treatment, boiling water treatment, water vapor treatment, sodium silicate treatment, dichromate aqueous solution treatment, nitrite treatment, and ammonium acetate treatment.
[0082]
Furthermore, after performing these treatments, a water-soluble resin such as polyvinylphosphonic acid, a polymer or copolymer having a sulfonic acid group in the side chain, polyacrylic acid, a water-soluble metal salt (for example, zinc borate) or Also suitable are those coated with a yellow dye, amine salt or the like. Further, a sol-gel treated substrate in which a functional group capable of causing an addition reaction by a radical as disclosed in JP-A No. 5-304358 is covalently used.
[0083]
(Application)
The prepared photosensitive composition (photosensitive layer coating solution) can be coated on a support by a conventionally known method and dried to prepare a photosensitive lithographic printing plate material. Examples of coating methods for the coating liquid include air doctor coater method, blade coater method, wire bar method, knife coater method, dip coater method, reverse roll coater method, gravure coater method, cast coating method, curtain coater method and extrusion coater method. I can list them.
[0084]
If the drying temperature of the photosensitive layer is low, sufficient printing durability cannot be obtained. If the drying temperature is too high, not only marangoni is produced but also fogging of a non-image area is caused. The preferable drying temperature range is preferably 60 to 160 ° C, more preferably 80 to 140 ° C, and particularly preferably 90 to 120 ° C.
[0085]
(Image recording method)
Examples of the light source for image exposure on the lithographic printing plate according to the present invention include a laser, a light emitting diode, a xenon lamp, a xenon flash lamp, a halogen lamp, a carbon arc lamp, a metal halide lamp, a tungsten lamp, a high-pressure mercury lamp, and an electrodeless light source. Can be mentioned.
[0086]
In the case of batch exposure, a mask material in which a negative pattern of a desired exposure image is formed of a light-shielding material may be superimposed on the photopolymerizable photosensitive layer and exposed.
[0087]
When using an array-type light source such as a light-emitting diode array, or when controlling exposure of a light source such as a halogen lamp, metal halide lamp, or tungsten lamp with an optical shutter material such as liquid crystal or PLZT, digital Exposure is possible and preferable. In this case, direct writing can be performed without using a mask material.
[0088]
Laser exposure is suitable for direct writing without using a mask material because light exposure can be performed in the form of a beam according to image data. When a laser is used as a light source, it is easy to reduce the exposure area to a very small size, and high-resolution image formation is possible.
[0089]
As the laser light source, an argon laser, a He—Ne gas laser, a YAG laser, a semiconductor laser, or the like can be preferably used. However, in the present invention, an InGaN-based or ZnSe-based material is used, and The use of a semiconductor laser capable of continuous oscillation in the 430 nm region is particularly preferable in order to fully demonstrate the effects of the present invention.
[0090]
Laser scanning methods include cylindrical outer surface scanning, cylindrical inner surface scanning, and planar scanning. In the cylindrical outer surface scanning, laser exposure is performed while rotating a drum around which the recording material is wound, and the rotation of the drum is the main scanning and the movement of the laser light is the sub scanning. In cylindrical inner surface scanning, a recording material is fixed to the inner surface of the drum, a laser beam is irradiated from the inside, and a main scanning is performed in the circumferential direction by rotating a part or all of the optical system. Sub scanning is performed in the axial direction by linearly moving all of them in parallel with the drum axis. In plane scanning, a laser beam main scan is performed by combining a polygon mirror, a galvanometer mirror, and an fθ lens, and a sub-scan is performed by moving a recording medium. Cylindrical outer surface scanning and cylindrical inner surface scanning are easier to increase the accuracy of the optical system and are suitable for high-density recording.
[0091]
(Preheat)
In the present invention, it is preferable to heat-treat the photosensitive lithographic printing plate material after exposing the image to the lithographic printing plate and before or during development. By performing the heat treatment in this manner, the adhesion between the photosensitive layer and the support is improved, and the effects of the invention according to the present invention can be improved.
[0092]
The preheating according to the present invention is performed, for example, in an automatic developing apparatus that develops a photosensitive lithographic printing plate material by heating with a preheating roller that heats the photosensitive lithographic printing plate conveyed during the developing process to a predetermined temperature range before development. A method can be mentioned. For example, the preheat roller is composed of a pair of rollers including at least one roller having heating means therein, and the roller having the heating means is a hollow made of a metal having high thermal conductivity (for example, aluminum, iron, etc.). It is possible to use a pipe in which a nichrome wire or the like is embedded as a heating element and the outer surface of the metal pipe is covered with a plastic sheet such as polyethylene, polystyrene, or Teflon (R). For details of such a preheat roller, reference can be made to JP-A No. 64-80962.
[0093]
The preheating in the present invention is preferably performed at 70 to 180 ° C. for about 3 to 120 seconds.
[0094]
(Developer)
The exposed portion of the photosensitive layer subjected to image exposure is cured. By developing this with an alkaline developer, the unexposed areas are removed and image formation becomes possible. As such a developer, a conventionally known alkaline aqueous solution can be used. For example, sodium silicate, potassium, ammonium; dibasic sodium phosphate, potassium, ammonium; sodium bicarbonate, potassium, ammonium; sodium carbonate, potassium, ammonium; sodium bicarbonate, potassium, ammonium An alkali developer using an inorganic alkaline agent such as sodium borate, potassium, ammonium; sodium hydroxide, potassium, ammonium and lithium;
[0095]
Also, monomethylamine, dimethylamine, trimethylamine, monoethylamine, diethylamine, triethylamine, mono-i-propylamine, di-i-propylamine, tri-i-propylamine, butylamine, monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, Organic alkali agents such as mono-i-propanolamine, di-i-propanolamine, ethyleneimine, ethylenediamine, and pyridine can also be used.
[0096]
These alkali agents are used alone or in combination of two or more. In addition, an organic solvent such as an anionic surfactant, an amphoteric surfactant or alcohol can be added to the developer as necessary.
[0097]
The aqueous solution according to the present invention is basically made of SiO.2An aqueous solution having a converted silicic acid concentration of 1.0 mass% and a pH in the range of 8.5 to 12.5 is preferable, and the aqueous solution may contain other additives. Further, an aqueous solution further containing a surfactant in the range of 0.1% by mass to 5.0% by mass in the aqueous solution is more preferable. The aqueous solution according to the present invention preferably contains the components of the developer described above.
[0098]
【Example】
Although a synthesis example, a support body preparation example, and an example are specifically shown below, embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto. In the examples, “parts” represents “parts by mass” unless otherwise specified.
[0099]
(Binder synthesis)
(Synthesis of acrylic copolymer 1)
In a three-necked flask under a nitrogen stream, 30 parts of methacrylic acid, 50 parts of methyl methacrylate, 10 parts of acrylonitrile, 10 parts of ethyl methacrylate, 500 parts of isopropyl alcohol and 3 parts of α, α'-azobisisobutyronitrile are placed. The reaction was performed in an oil bath at 80 ° C. in a nitrogen stream for 6 hours. Then, after refluxing at the boiling point of isopropyl alcohol for 1 hour, 3 parts of triethylammonium chloride and 25 parts of glycidyl methacrylate were added and reacted for 3 hours to obtain an acrylic copolymer 1. The mass average molecular weight measured using GPC was about 35,000, and the glass transition temperature (Tg) measured using DSC (differential thermal analysis) was about 85 ° C.
[0100]
(Production of support)
An aluminum plate (material 1050, tempered H16) having a thickness of 0.24 mm was immersed in a 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution maintained at 65 ° C., degreased for 1 minute, and then washed with water. This degreased aluminum plate was neutralized by dipping in a 10% aqueous hydrochloric acid solution maintained at 25 ° C. for 1 minute, and then washed with water. Next, the aluminum plate was placed in a 0.3% by mass nitric acid aqueous solution at 25 ° C. and a current density of 100 A / dm.2Electrolytic surface roughening was performed for 60 seconds with an alternating current under the above conditions, followed by desmutting treatment for 10 seconds in a 5% aqueous sodium hydroxide solution kept at 60 ° C. The surface-roughened aluminum plate subjected to desmut treatment was subjected to a current density of 10 A / dm in a 15% sulfuric acid solution at 25 ° C.2Then, anodizing treatment was performed for 1 minute under the condition of a voltage of 15 V, and further hydrophilization treatment was performed at 75 ° C. with 1% polyvinylphosphonic acid to prepare a support. At this time, the center line average roughness (Ra) of the surface was 0.65 μm.
[0101]
(Installation of undercoat layer on support)
On the support, an undercoat layer coating solution having the following composition is dried at 0.1 g / m.2Then, it was coated with a wire bar, dried at 90 ° C. for 1 minute, and further subjected to a heat treatment at 110 ° C. for 3 minutes to prepare an underdrawn support.
[0102]
(Undercoat layer coating solution)
1 part of γ-methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane
80 parts of methyl ethyl ketone
19 parts of cyclohexanone
(Preparation of photosensitive lithographic printing plate material)
1.4 g / m of dried photopolymerizable photosensitive layer coating solution having the following composition on the undercoated support.2Then, it was coated with a wire bar and dried at 95 ° C. for 1.5 minutes to obtain a photopolymerized photosensitive layer coated sample.
[0103]
On the photopolymerization photosensitive layer coating sample, an oxygen barrier layer coating solution having the following composition was dried at 1.8 g / m.2It was applied with an applicator so as to become, and dried at 75 ° C. for 1.5 minutes to prepare a photosensitive lithographic printing plate sample having an oxygen blocking layer on the photosensitive layer.
[0104]
(Oxygen barrier coating liquid)
Polyvinyl alcohol (GL-05: Nippon Synthetic Chemical Co., Ltd.) 89 parts
10 parts of water-soluble polyamide (P-70: manufactured by Toray Industries, Inc.)
Surfactant (Surfinol 465: Nissin Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) 0.5 part
900 parts of water
<< Evaluation of planographic printing plates >>
<Sensitivity at 532 nm>
Using a plate setter (Tiger Cat: manufactured by ECRM) equipped with a light source of 532 nm, the photosensitive lithographic printing plate sample was exposed at 2400 dpi (where dpi represents the number of dots per inch, that is, 2.54 cm). went.
[0105]
The exposure pattern used 100% image area and 175 lpi (1pi represents 1 line, that is, the number of lines per 2.54 cm) 50% square dots.
[0106]
Next, a preheating part that heat-treats the plate material at 105 degrees for 10 seconds, a pre-washing part that removes the overcoat layer before development, a developing part that is filled with a developer having the following composition, and a water-washing part that removes the developer adhering to the plate surface , Development processing is performed with a CTP automatic developing machine (PHW23-V: manufactured by Technigraph) equipped with a processing unit for gum solution for protecting the image area (GW-3: manufactured by Mitsubishi Chemical Corporation). A lithographic printing plate was obtained. In the 100% image area recorded on the plate surface of the lithographic printing plate, the minimum exposure energy amount at which no film reduction was observed was taken as the sensitivity. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0107]
<Developer composition (aqueous solution containing the following additives)>
A Potassium silicate 8.0% by mass
New Coal B-13: Nippon Emulsifier Co., Ltd. 3.0% by mass
Caustic potash added to pH = 12.3
<Sensitivity at 405 nm>
A Konica step tablet is placed on the photosensitive lithographic printing plate sample, and further covered with an interference filter that transmits a half width of 10 nm centered on 405 nm, and exposed using a PS plate exposure machine using a metal halide lamp as a light source. went. The development process was performed in the same manner as described above, and the sensitivity was the minimum exposure energy amount at which no film loss was observed in the image portion of the step tablet recorded on the plate surface of the lithographic printing plate. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0108]
<Preservability>
The photosensitive lithographic printing plate sample was placed under forced storage at 55 ° C. for 3 days, and then the sensitivity was evaluated by the method described above. The difference in sensitivity before and after forced storage was taken as an evaluation index for storage stability.
[0109]
<Press life>
A lithographic printing plate produced by exposing and developing a 175-line image with an appropriate exposure amount was printed using a printing machine (DAIYA1F-1 manufactured by Mitsubishi Heavy Industries, Ltd.), coated paper, printing ink (manufactured by Dainippon Ink & Chemicals, Inc.). , Soybean oil ink “Naturalis 100”) and dampening water (Tokyo ink Co., Ltd., H liquid SG-51 concentration 1.5%), and the number of prints in which highlights are dotted Was used as an index of printing durability.
[0110]
[Table 1]
[0111]
[Chemical 7]
[0112]
[Chemical 8]
[0113]
NK oligo U-4HA is an addition polymerizable ethylenic double bond-containing monomer manufactured by Shin-Nakamura Chemical Co., Ltd.
[0114]
It can be seen from Table 1 that the samples of the present invention have improved sensitivity and printing durability, and greatly improved sensitivity stability during long-term storage of the plate.
[0115]
【The invention's effect】
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a photopolymerizable composition and a photosensitive lithographic printing plate in which sensitivity and printing durability are improved and sensitivity stability during long-term storage of the plate is greatly improved.
Claims (2)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2002192006A JP4140292B2 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2002-07-01 | Photopolymerizable composition and photosensitive lithographic printing plate |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002192006A JP4140292B2 (en) | 2002-07-01 | 2002-07-01 | Photopolymerizable composition and photosensitive lithographic printing plate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| JP2004045447A JP2004045447A (en) | 2004-02-12 |
| JP4140292B2 true JP4140292B2 (en) | 2008-08-27 |
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| WO2005114331A1 (en) * | 2004-05-21 | 2005-12-01 | Mitsubishi Gas Chemical Company, Inc. | Resist compound and resist composition |
| JP4340598B2 (en) * | 2004-07-22 | 2009-10-07 | 三井化学株式会社 | Anti-fogging photocurable resin composition |
| US20070166647A1 (en) * | 2006-01-17 | 2007-07-19 | Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic, Inc. | Light sensitive planographic printing plate material and planographic printing plate manufacturing process |
| WO2007091442A1 (en) * | 2006-02-10 | 2007-08-16 | Konica Minolta Medical & Graphic, Inc. | Material of lithographic printing plate |
| WO2018139326A1 (en) * | 2017-01-26 | 2018-08-02 | 東ソー株式会社 | Alkanolamine, friction-reducing agent, and lubricating oil composition |
| CN110267992B (en) * | 2017-02-22 | 2022-04-05 | 富士胶片株式会社 | Curable composition, cured film, near-infrared cut filter, solid-state imaging element, image display device, and infrared sensor |
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