JP4152476B2 - Wind power generator - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a wind power generator that effectively converts natural energy by converting wind energy into electricity.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, the use of natural energy has been reconsidered, and there is an increasing demand for a wind power generation apparatus that uses wind power to make it possible to use wind energy with a breeze.
[0003]
Conventionally, what is shown by FIG. 13 as an example of this kind of wind power generator is known. The configuration will be described below with reference to FIG.
[0004]
As shown in the figure, a speed increaser 103 is provided on a transmission shaft 102 of a blade 101 that is rotated by wind power, and the AC generator 104 is rotated by the rotational force increased by the speed increaser 103.
[0005]
Then, the rotation speed of the AC generator 104 is measured by the tachometer 105, and when the rotation speed measured by the tachometer 105 exceeds a certain level, the controller 106 supplies power to the AC generator 104 from the capacitor 107 and excites it. To generate electricity.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In such a conventional wind power generator, the structure is complicated because the alternator 104 is rotated by using the speed increaser 103 that increases the rotational speed of the transmission shaft 102 that is rotated by the blades 101, and for excitation. Power storage device 107 and controller 106 for controlling the power storage device 107 are also required, and power generation is performed only at a certain rotational speed or higher. Therefore, there is a problem in that it is impossible to use energy in a breeze and to start an AC generator in a breeze. there were.
[0007]
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide a wind power generator that can generate power even with a slight wind without using a speed increaser, has high power generation efficiency during low-speed rotation, and has a simple structure.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the wind power generator of the present invention, a device main body provided rotatably with a transmission shaft connected to a blade rotating by wind power, a disk-like base fixed to the transmission shaft provided in the device main body, The donut-shaped first yoke part provided on one side near the peripheral part of the base, a plurality of permanent magnets provided on the plane part of the first yoke part, and the device facing the permanent magnet A donut-shaped second yoke portion provided in the body, and a plurality of coils provided on the second yoke portion; a space is provided between the coils facing the permanent magnet; In this configuration, an induction voltage is generated in the coil by rotating the magnet to generate power.
[0009]
According to the present invention, it is possible to provide a simple wind power generator having a structure capable of generating power even with a light wind without using a speed increaser and having high power generation efficiency during low-speed rotation.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The invention according to claim 1 of the present invention is an apparatus main body in which a transmission shaft rotated by blades rotated by wind power is rotatably provided, and a disk shape fixed to the transmission shaft provided in the apparatus main body. A base of the base, a donut-shaped first yoke portion provided on one side near the periphery of the base, a plurality of permanent magnets provided on a plane portion of the first yoke portion, and the permanent magnet A donut-shaped second yoke portion that is opposed and provided in the apparatus main body, and a plurality of coils provided on the second yoke portion, and a space is provided between the coils facing the permanent magnet. It is configured to generate electricity by generating an induced voltage in the coil by the rotation of the permanent magnet, and rotates the base attached to the transmission shaft directly without using a speed increaser with the rotational energy of wind power. Power generation even in light winds Together, they have the effect that the power generation efficiency is high at the time of low-speed rotation by using a permanent magnet.
[0011]
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0012]
【Example】
(Example 1)
As shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a bearing portion provided in an apparatus main body 5 formed by a lower frame 3 and an upper frame 4 formed in a bowl shape with a transmission shaft 2 rotated by blades 1 rotated by wind power. 6, the transmission shaft 2 provided in the apparatus main body 5 is provided with a disk-like base 7 and a donut-shaped first yoke part 8 is provided on one surface near the periphery of the base 7, A plurality of permanent magnets 9 whose magnetization direction is parallel to the transmission shaft 2 are provided on the flat surface portion of the first yoke portion 8.
[0013]
And the donut-shaped 2nd yoke part 10 is provided in the position which the permanent magnet 9 by the side of the lower frame 3 of the main body apparatus 5 opposes, and the coil 11 is made into the 1st yoke on the upper surface of the 2nd yoke part 10. A plurality of the same number of permanent magnets 9 provided in the portion 8 are provided, and a space 12 is provided between the permanent magnet 9 and the coil 11 so as to face each other.
[0014]
In the above configuration, when the blade 1 is rotated by receiving wind force and the transmission shaft 2 to which the blade 1 is attached rotates, the plurality of permanent magnets 9 rotate via the base 7 provided on the transmission shaft 2, and the permanent magnet 9. The magnetic fluxes of the coil 11 and the permanent magnet 9 provided in the apparatus main body 5 face each other and an induced voltage is generated in the coil 11 to generate electric power.
[0015]
The magnitude of the induced voltage generated in the coil 11 can be changed depending on the number of coils 11 connected in series. In order to change the size, a minimum of two coils 11 are required in the case of a single phase, and six coils 11 in the case of a three phase.
[0016]
Therefore, if the number of coils 11 is an integral multiple of 6, the number of series can be freely changed regardless of whether it is a single phase or three phases, and a plurality of parallel circuits associated therewith can be formed.
[0017]
In the case of single phase, the number of coils = the number of series × the number of parallel circuits. In the case of three phases, the number of coils = 3 × the number of series × the number of parallel circuits.
[0018]
Moreover, since the 2nd yoke part 10 attached to the coil 11 is formed in the planar shape without a protrusion, the clearance gap 13 between the permanent magnet 9 and the 2nd yoke part 10 to which the coil 11 is attached. The magnetic resistance generated in cease to pulsate.
[0019]
Thus, according to the wind power generator of Example 1 of this invention, the disk-shaped base | substrate 7 is provided in the transmission shaft 2 rotated via the blade | wing 1 with a wind force, and the some permanent magnet 9 is provided in the base | substrate 7. Since the coil 11 is provided so as to face the permanent magnet 9, a speed increaser (not shown) is provided in the middle of the transmission shaft 2, and the required torque r of the generator as in the case where the speed increase ratio is r. Double torque is not required as wind force, magnetic resistance generated in the gap 13 is not pulsated, and at the time of stationary, it can be easily activated even with a slight wind without generating attraction torque. Since the magnet 9 is used, a wind power generator having high power generation efficiency during low-speed rotation can be obtained.
[0020]
Further, since the number of the permanent magnets 9 and the coils 11 facing the permanent magnets 9 are the same, the period of the induced voltage generated in the coils 11 occurs simultaneously for all the coils 11, so that power can be taken out as a single-phase alternating current. it can.
[0021]
Further, since the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 9 is the axial direction of the transmission shaft 2, the magnetic flux received by the coil 11 facing the permanent magnet 9 can be maximized, and at right angles to the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet 9. The shape of the surface to be formed can be made flat, and the manufacture becomes easy.
[0022]
In addition, since the number of coils 11 is provided as an integral multiple of 6, and a plurality of parallel circuits are formed, the series circuit can be freely changed regardless of whether it is single-phase or three-phase, and a plurality of parallel circuits can be formed accordingly.
[0023]
(Example 2)
As shown in FIG. 4, a donut-shaped first yoke portion 8 </ b> A and a second yoke portion 10 </ b> A are formed of laminated cores.
[0024]
In the above configuration, the first yoke part 8A and the second yoke part 10A are formed by the rotation of the permanent magnet 9 by forming the first yoke part 8A and the second yoke part 10A with a wound core. The eddy current loss caused by the change in the magnetic flux passing through can be reduced.
[0025]
Thus, according to the wind turbine generator of Example 2 of the present invention, since the first yoke portion 8A and the second yoke portion 10A are wound cores, the eddy current loss is proportional to the square of the plate thickness. Can be lowered.
[0026]
In Example 2, both the first yoke portion 8A and the second yoke portion 10A are wound cores, but either the first yoke portion 8A or the second yoke portion 10A is used. Needless to say, eddy current loss can be reduced by using one of the wound cores.
[0027]
(Example 3)
As shown in FIG. 5, the air core portion 14 of the coil 11 </ b> A is formed in a fan shape, and the shape of the permanent magnet 9 </ b> A facing the coil 11 </ b> A is the same as the air core portion 14 in the radial direction and the circumferential direction is wider than the air core portion 14. The fan portion 15 is formed in a fan shape having a size extending approximately in the middle of the winding portion 15.
[0028]
In the above configuration, the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 9A can be effectively applied to the coil 11A.
[0029]
As described above, according to the wind turbine generator of Example 3 of the present invention, the coil 11A and the permanent magnet 9A are formed in a fan shape, and the permanent magnet 9A is formed in a large shape. The area becomes larger than that of the magnet, and the magnetic flux from the permanent magnet 9A effectively acts on the coil 11A, thereby improving the power generation efficiency of the wind power generator.
[0030]
Example 4
As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the permanent magnet 9 </ b> B is formed by being divided into units 18 each composed of two magnets, an N pole 16 and an S pole 17.
[0031]
In the above configuration, the permanent magnet 9B is divided into units 18 each of which is an integral multiple of 2 to reduce the attractive force.
[0032]
As described above, according to the wind power generator of Example 4 of the present invention, the permanent magnet 9B is divided into the unit 18 that is an integral multiple of 2, so that the attraction force becomes weak and the assembling is difficult when the attraction force is large. As a result, assembly is improved.
[0033]
Further, the height can be adjusted for each unit 18, and the space with the coil (not shown) can be easily adjusted.
[0034]
(Example 5)
As shown in FIG. 8, a thin insulating film layer 19 is provided on the second yoke portion 10 </ b> B, and a coil 11 </ b> B is adhered on the film layer 19.
[0035]
In the above configuration, the second yoke portion 10B that supports the coil 11B needs to be electrically insulated, whereas a thin insulating film is used to insulate the second yoke portion 10B and the coil 11B. By using the layer 19, the magnetic resistance as in the case of using a thick insulator is increased and the induced voltage is not reduced.
[0036]
Thus, according to the wind power generator of Example 5 of the present invention, since the electrical insulation between the coil 11B and the second yoke portion 10B is performed by the thin insulating film layer 19, the magnetic resistance is reduced. The induction voltage of the coil 11B can be increased by reducing the voltage.
[0037]
(Example 6)
As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the base 7 </ b> A attached to the transmission shaft 2 is divided into the mounting boss 20 and the base piece 21 attached to the transmission shaft 2, and the space adjustment is performed when the base piece 21 is attached to the mounting boss 20. It is set as the structure attached through the thin-plate spacer 22 used as an apparatus.
[0038]
In the above configuration, when the space 12 between the coil 11 and the permanent magnet 9 provided via the first yoke portion 8 provided on the base piece 21 is reduced, the magnetic resistance can be reduced, but the permanent magnet is too small. Since the coil 11 is damaged if the coil 9 and the coil 11 come into contact with each other, the space 12 is expanded by interposing the spacer 22 between the mounting boss 20 and the base piece 21 in such a case. 12 can be adjusted to form a desired space.
[0039]
Thus, according to the wind power generator of Example 6 of the present invention, the space 12 between the permanent magnet 9 and the coil 11 is adjusted by the space adjustment device, so that the permanent magnet 9 contacts the coil 11 and the coil 11 is The damage can be prevented and the magnetic resistance due to the size of the space 12 can be adjusted.
[0040]
In addition, according to the wind power generator of Example 6, although the space adjusting device was demonstrated as the spacer 22, the space adjusting device is not limited to the spacer 22, and the space | interval of the space between the permanent magnet 9 and the coil 11 is the point. Needless to say, it can be adjusted.
[0041]
(Example 7)
As shown in FIG. 11, three coils 11C are associated with one permanent magnet 9C, and 3N coils 11C are provided for N permanent magnets 9C.
[0042]
In the above configuration, the coils 11C are provided in groups of three, and the induction generated by the difference in the position of the coil 11C interlinking the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 9C by changing the number of the permanent magnets 9C and 11C. A difference occurs in the phase of voltage synchronization, and a phase difference of 2π / 3 is generated between the three coils 11C of each set, and power can be extracted as a three-phase alternating current.
[0043]
As shown in FIG. 12, three coils 11D are associated with four permanent magnets 9D, and 3N coils 11D are provided for 4N permanent magnets 9D, as shown in FIG. In addition, it is possible to extract electric power as a three-phase alternating current by the same action as when the number of permanent magnets 9C is N and the number of coils 11C is 3N.
[0044]
Thus, according to the wind power generator of Example 7 of the present invention, the number of permanent magnets 9C is N and the number of coils 11C is 3N, so that power can be taken out as a three-phase alternating current.
[0045]
Further, even when the number of coils 11D is 3N with respect to the number 4N of permanent magnets 9D, power can be taken out as a three-phase alternating current.
[0046]
【The invention's effect】
As is clear from the above embodiments, according to the present invention, the apparatus main body provided with the transmission shaft rotated by the blades rotated by the wind force and the transmission shaft provided in the apparatus main body are fixed. A disc-shaped base, a donut-shaped first yoke portion provided on one side near the periphery of the base, a plurality of permanent magnets provided on a flat portion of the first yoke portion, A donut-shaped second yoke portion that is provided in the apparatus main body so as to face the permanent magnet, and a plurality of coils provided on the second yoke portion, between the coils facing the permanent magnet Since the space is provided and the coil generates power by generating an induced voltage by the rotation of the permanent magnet, a wind power generator that can be easily activated even in light winds and has high power generation efficiency during low-speed rotation is provided. can do.
[0047]
Further, since the same number of permanent magnets and coils are arranged, electric power can be taken out as a single-phase alternating current.
[0048]
Moreover, since the magnetization direction of the permanent magnet is the axial direction, the magnetic flux received by the coil can be maximized, and the manufacture is facilitated.
[0049]
In addition, since the number of coils is an integer multiple of 6, and a plurality of parallel circuits are formed, the series circuit can be freely changed regardless of whether it is a single phase or three phases.
[0050]
Moreover, since both or one side of the first yoke part and the second yoke part is formed of the wound core, eddy current loss can be reduced.
[0051]
In addition, the air core of the coil is formed in a fan shape, the shape of the permanent magnet facing the coil is the same as the air core in the radial direction, and the circumferential direction extends from the air core and extends approximately in the middle of the winding part. Therefore, the magnetic flux effectively acts on the coil from the permanent magnet, and the power generation efficiency is increased.
[0052]
Further, since the permanent magnet is divided into units of integer multiples of 2, assemblability is improved. Moreover, since the insulating film layer was provided in the 2nd yoke part and the coil was provided on the insulating film layer, magnetic resistance can be made small and the induced voltage of a coil can be made large.
[0053]
In addition, since the space adjusting device for adjusting the spatial distance between the permanent magnet and the coil is provided, it is possible to prevent the permanent magnet from coming into contact with the coil and damaging the coil.
[0054]
Further, since the number of coils 3N corresponds to the number N of permanent magnets or the number of coils 3N corresponds to the number 4N of permanent magnets, electric power can be taken out as a three-phase alternating current.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal configuration of a wind turbine generator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram of the wind turbine generator. FIG. 3 is a cross section showing a relationship between a permanent magnet and a coil of the wind turbine generator. FIG. 4 is a sectional view showing a relationship between a permanent magnet and a coil of a wind turbine generator according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a plan view showing a relationship between a permanent magnet and a coil of the wind turbine generator according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention. FIG. 6 is a plan view of a permanent magnet portion of a wind turbine generator according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a state of attachment of the permanent magnet of the wind turbine generator. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view showing a space adjustment device for a wind power generator according to Embodiment 6 of the present invention. FIG. 10 is a cross-sectional view showing an internal configuration of the wind power generator. FIG. 11 is a sectional view showing a state in the case of N permanent magnets of the wind turbine generator according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. Figure sectional view showing a state where the permanent magnets 4N in FIG. 12 the wind turbine generator 13 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a conventional wind turbine generator EXPLANATION OF REFERENCE NUMERALS
1 blade 2 transmission shaft 5 device body 7 base 7A base 8 first yoke part 8A first yoke part 9 permanent magnet 9A permanent magnet 9B permanent magnet 9C permanent magnet 9D permanent magnet 10 second yoke part 10A first Two yoke portions 10B Second yoke portion 11 Coil 11A Coil 11B Coil 11C Coil 11D Coil 12 Space 14 Air core portion 15 Winding portion 18 Unit 19 Insulating film layer 22 Spacer

Claims (4)

An apparatus main body rotatably provided with a transmission shaft connected to a blade rotating by wind power;
A disk-shaped base fixed to a transmission shaft provided in the apparatus main body,
A first donut-shaped yoke portion provided on one side near the periphery of the base;
A plurality of permanent magnets provided on the plane portion of the first yoke portion;
A donut-shaped second yoke portion provided in the apparatus body facing the permanent magnet;
A plurality of coils provided on the second yoke portion are provided,
A space is provided between the coils facing the permanent magnet,
The base is a mounting boss attached to the transmission shaft,
It consists of a base piece that is attached to the mounting boss and has a first yoke part in the periphery,
The mounting boss and the base piece are attached via a thin spacer,
Dividing the permanent magnet into units of integer multiples of 2;
This unit consists of two magnets: a permanent magnet with the N pole facing the coil side and a permanent magnet with the S pole facing the coil side.
Adjust the height of each unit to adjust the spatial distance from the coil,
A wind turbine generator configured to generate power by generating an induced voltage in the coil by the rotation of the permanent magnet.   The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein both or one of the first yoke part and the second yoke part is formed of a wound iron core.   An air core portion of the coil is formed in a fan shape, and the shape of the permanent magnet facing the coil is the same as the air core portion in the radial direction, and the circumferential direction is larger than the air core portion and extends substantially in the middle of the winding portion. The wind power generator of Claim 1 formed in the shape of a fan.   The wind turbine generator according to claim 1, wherein an insulating film layer is provided on the second yoke portion, and a coil is provided on the insulating film layer.

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