JP4155294B2 - Human body detection device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a human body detection device that detects the presence or absence of a person and controls a lighting load.

  Conventionally, as a human body detection device of this type, as shown in FIG. 8, the human body detection device has a control unit 3 including a human sensor (described later) for detecting the presence or absence of a person, and between a commercial power source 1 and an illumination load 2. There is provided one that opens and closes a load opening / closing part 15 as a switch element inserted into the door in accordance with an instruction from a control part 3 (see, for example, Patent Document 1). An instruction from the control unit 3 is given to the load switching unit 15 through the drive circuit unit 14. The commercial power supply 1 and the lighting load 2 are connected to the power supply terminals TM1 and TM2 and the load terminals TM3 and TM4, respectively, and have four terminals. Further, a power supply unit 18 for generating power from the commercial power supply 1 to the control unit 3 and the drive circuit unit 14 is also provided. The power supply unit 18 supplies power to the control unit 3 regardless of whether the load switching unit 15 is opened or closed.

  By the way, the control unit 3 in the illustrated example includes an infrared sensor unit 11 including a pyroelectric infrared sensor that detects a heat ray radiated from a human body as a human sensor, a brightness sensor unit 12 that detects ambient brightness, The determination processing unit 13 determines whether the load opening / closing unit 15 is opened or closed based on a combination of outputs from the infrared sensor unit 11 and the brightness sensor unit 12.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the infrared sensor unit 11 includes a pyroelectric infrared sensor (hereinafter referred to as an infrared sensor) 11b as a human sensor, and an infrared sensor 11b is provided in the infrared incident path to the infrared sensor 11b. In addition, an optical system 11a using a lens or a mirror is arranged in order to make it easy to detect the movement of a person by setting a detection area and providing sensitivity unevenness in the detection area. Here, a high-density polyethylene resin that transmits infrared rays is generally used for the lens. The infrared sensor 11b used here outputs a voltage corresponding to the rate of change of the amount of incident infrared rays, and the output of the infrared sensor 11b is amplified by the amplifier circuit 11c and then unnecessary frequency components by the filter circuit 11d. Is removed. That is, the filter circuit 11d removes the noise component and passes only the signal component in the specified frequency band. A period during which the output of the filter circuit 11d is larger than the reference value is extracted by comparing the output of the filter circuit 11d with the reference value by the comparison circuit 11e, and a human body detection signal corresponding to this period is determined through the output circuit 11f. 13 is output.

  On the other hand, the brightness sensor unit 12 includes a brightness sensor 12a (see FIG. 12) made of CdS or a photodiode. The brightness sensor unit 12 can output a value corresponding to the ambient brightness. The determination processing unit 13 determines the brightness of the surroundings by comparing the output value from the brightness sensor unit 12 with a threshold value. When the surroundings are bright, illumination is performed regardless of whether or not a person is detected by the infrared sensor unit 11. The load 2 is kept off. When the surroundings are dark, the illumination load 2 is turned on / off according to whether or not a person is detected by the infrared sensor unit 11. In short, since it is generally unnecessary to turn on the illumination load 2 when the surroundings are bright, the illumination load 2 is turned off regardless of whether or not the infrared sensor unit 11 detects a person.

  The operation of the determination processing unit 13 will be described in more detail. Assume that the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 changes as shown in FIG. 10A and the output of the infrared sensor unit 11 changes as shown in FIG. The output of the brightness sensor unit 12 indicates that the surroundings are brighter, and the period in which the output of the infrared sensor unit 11 is on the upper side indicates a period in which a human body detection signal is generated. In the determination processing unit 13, hysteresis is given to a threshold value for determining whether or not the ambient brightness is such that the lighting load 2 needs to be turned on, and from the bright environment as shown in FIG. When dark, the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 is compared with the lower threshold value VL, and when the surroundings become brighter from a dark state, the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 is compared with the upper threshold value VH. When the surroundings become darker than the bright state, the determination processing unit 13 makes the light state during a period when the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 is larger than the lower threshold VL as shown in FIG. 10B, and the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 When the value falls below the lower threshold VL, the brightness is determined so as to be in a dark state. Conversely, when the surroundings become brighter from a dark state, the determination processing unit 13 is in a dark state during a period when the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 is smaller than the upper threshold value VH, and the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 exceeds the upper threshold value VH. Brightness is determined so as to achieve a bright state.

  The determination processing unit 13 gives an instruction to turn on the illumination load 2 to the drive circuit unit 14 when the determination of brightness is in a dark state and a human body detection signal is generated from the infrared sensor unit 11. However, since the human body detection signal is output only during a period in which the change rate of the amount of infrared light incident on the infrared sensor 11b is large, the human body detection signal is not output when the movement stops even if a person is present in the detection area. Therefore, the determination processing unit 13 is triggered at the rise of the human body detection signal to limit the holding time T0, and is re-triggered when the human body detection signal rises within the holding time T0. A retriggerable function is provided. While the holding time T0 is timed by the retriggerable function, the determination processing unit 13 keeps the lighting load 2 lit even if the brightness determination changes. This holding time T0 is set to about 1 minute.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 10D, when the lighting load 2 is turned on due to the generation of the human body detection signal in the dark state, the time limit of the holding time T0 is also started. Thereafter, regardless of the brightness determination, the holding time T0 is restarted every time the human body detection signal rises during the holding time T0, and when the human body detection signal is not generated within the holding time T0, the end point of the holding time T0 is reached. Thus, the illumination load 2 is turned off.

As shown in FIG. 1A, some human body detection devices include two terminals TM5 and TM6 so as to connect a series circuit of a commercial power source 1 and a load 2. In this configuration, the load switching unit 15 is connected via the voltage supply circuit 16 between both terminals TM5 and TM6. The load switching unit 15 uses a switching element such as a triac, and the load switching unit 15 is controlled by the drive circuit unit 14. Since this type of load switching unit 15 is switched in synchronism with the frequency of the commercial power source 1, in order to prevent noise leakage to the power line and keep the input current from the commercial power source 1 flowing, A voltage supply circuit 16 is inserted between the terminal TM5. That is, when the lighting load 2 is turned on, the load switching unit 15 in this circuit is not turned on continuously but is turned on substantially. Further, power is supplied from the commercial power source 1 to the drive circuit unit 14 via a rectifier 17 formed of a diode bridge connected between both ends of the load switching unit 15. In this configuration, an instruction to turn on / off the illumination load 2 is given to the drive circuit unit 14 from the control unit 3 that operates in the same manner as in the configuration shown in FIG. The power is supplied through a power supply unit 18 that removes components and obtains a DC power supply having a predetermined voltage. The power supply unit 18 supplies the output of the rectifier 17 during the off period to the drive circuit unit 14 and the control unit 3 when the load switching unit 14 is substantially on.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 10-209842

  By the way, in the human body detection device described above, there is one that is arranged on a wall surface in parallel with a wiring device plate together with other wiring devices such as an outlet and a switch. For example, as shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the human body detection device 10 is used in parallel with the switch 40 together with the wiring device plate 30. The illustrated plate 30 is capable of attaching up to three embedded wiring devices having a unit dimension of one third in the longitudinal direction of the opening window 30 a provided in the plate 30. Here, it is assumed that the switch 40 is used to turn on / off a load different from the illumination load 2 that is turned on / off by the human body detection device 10. Further, in the illustrated example, the human body detection device 10 is twice the unit size, the switch 40 having a unit size is used, and the switch 40 is juxtaposed above the human body detection device 10.

  As shown in FIG. 12, a time adjustment knob 23 for adjusting the holding time T0 and a threshold value (upper threshold value) in the determination processing unit 13 for the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 are provided on the upper front portion of the human body detection device 10. A threshold value switching knob 22 for switching the lower threshold value) and a mode selection knob 20 for selecting whether the lighting load 2 is automatically turned on / off or manually turned on / off according to the output of the control unit 3 are provided. The threshold value switching knob 22 can switch the threshold value for determining the brightness between two levels of high and low, and can open and close the load opening / closing unit 15 only by the output of the infrared sensor unit 11 without using the output of the brightness sensor unit 12. Can also be selected. The state where the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 is not used is mainly used when a load other than the illumination load 2 is controlled. A door 21 is provided at the upper front of the human body detection device 10. When the door 21 is closed as shown in FIG. 11, the mode selection knob 20 is exposed on the front side of the human body detection device 10, and the time adjustment knob 23 and The threshold value switching knob 22 is covered with the door body 21.

  As shown in FIG. 12, the light receiving surface of the infrared sensor 11b and the light receiving surface of the brightness sensor 12a used for the brightness sensor unit 12 are arranged side by side at the lower part of the front surface of the human body detection device 10. As described above, the optical system 11a is formed of a lens of the infrared sensor unit 11. This optical system 11 a covers the lower part of the front surface of the human body detection device 10.

  Now, assuming that the illumination load 2 controlled by the human body detection device 10 is arranged to illuminate the stairs as shown in FIG. 7, and the illumination load 4 is arranged to illuminate the hallway on the floor, It is assumed that the human body detection device 10 and the switch 40 are provided at the exit of the staircase that follows the hallway on the floor. The detection area A of the human body detection device 10 is set to reach downstairs. Here, when the person goes up the stairs with the surroundings of the human body detection device 10 dark, and the person operates the switch 40 to turn on the lighting load 4 of the stairs, the human body detection signal is generated when the person stops. Suppose that the movement of a person becomes so small that it does not occur. In this case, the operation is as shown in FIG. At time t1, the lighting load 2 on the staircase is turned on by the operation of the human body detection device 10 (FIG. 13 (d)), and then the lighting load 4 on the corridor is turned on at time t0 as shown in FIG. 13 (e). It is assumed that the movement is reduced and the illumination load 2 is turned off at time t2 as shown in FIG. Here, although the illumination load 2 is turned off, the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 does not decrease as shown in FIG. 13A because the illumination load 4 is turned on, as shown in FIG. 13B. Even after time t2, the bright state continues, and even if the human body detection signal is generated as shown in FIG. That is, once the illumination load 2 is turned off, the illumination load 4 must be turned off by operating the switch 40 to turn it on again.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned reasons, and its purpose is to immediately turn on the lighting load even if the surroundings are bright when the lighting load controlled by the judgment processing unit is turned off. An object of the present invention is to provide a human body detection device capable of

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, based on a combination of a human sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a person in the detection area, a brightness sensor for detecting brightness, and outputs of the human sensor and the brightness sensor, A judgment processing unit for instructing to turn on / off, a waiting period that is timed from the time when the human sensor is no longer detected and the lighting load is turned off is set in the judgment processing unit. When a person is detected by the human sensor during a period when the human sensor is below the predetermined threshold, the lighting load is turned on, and when a human is detected by the human sensor during the standby period, the brightness detected by the brightness sensor is set. The lighting load is turned on regardless. According to this configuration, even if the surroundings are bright when the lighting load controlled by the determination processing unit is turned off, the lighting load can be immediately turned on again within the standby period.

  The present invention turns on / off a lighting load based on a combination of a human sensor for detecting the presence or absence of a person in a detection area, a brightness sensor for detecting brightness, and outputs of the human sensor and the brightness sensor. A determination processing unit that sets a waiting period that is timed from when the human sensor is no longer detected and the illumination load is turned off, and the determination processing unit has a predetermined brightness. When a person is detected by the presence sensor during the period below the threshold, the lighting load is turned on, and when a person is detected by the presence sensor during the standby period, illumination is performed regardless of the brightness detected by the brightness sensor. Even if the surroundings are bright when the lighting load controlled by the determination processing unit is turned off, the lighting load can be turned on again immediately within the standby period.

  In the following embodiment, it is assumed that the circuit configuration shown in FIG. 1A described as the conventional configuration is used. However, the circuit configuration shown in FIG. In the following embodiment, only the determination processing unit 13 is different from the conventional configuration, and therefore the determination processing unit 13 will be mainly described.

(Embodiment 1)
In the conventional configuration, as shown in FIG. 10, when the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 shifts from a state larger than the lower threshold value VL to a smaller state, the determination processing unit 13 outputs the output of the brightness sensor unit 12. Although the dark state is determined from the time when the value crosses the lower threshold value VL, in this embodiment, the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 crosses the lower threshold value VL downward as shown in FIG. The dead time T1 that is timed from the time is set, and when the state in which the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 is smaller than the upper threshold value VH continues beyond the dead time T1, the brightness determination is set to the dark state. The determination processing unit 13 is configured as described above. In other words, when the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 exceeds the upper threshold value VH before the dead time period T1 elapses, the illumination load 2 is not turned on but is kept off. This dead period T1 is set to 3 to 5 seconds.

  In the operation example shown in FIG. 1B, even when the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 becomes smaller than the lower threshold value VL at time t (FIG. 1A), the insensitive period T1 elapses from time t. Since the surroundings become bright and the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 exceeds the upper threshold value VH, the determination of the brightness in the determination processing unit 12c is kept in the bright state ((b) in the figure). ). In short, since the insensitive period T1 is determined to be in the bright state, even if a human body detection signal is generated during the insensitive period T1, as shown in FIG. It is kept in.

  Now, as described above, when the plate 30 with the switch 40 juxtaposed on the upper side of the human body detection device 10 is attached to the wall surface, a load that is not the illumination load 2 is turned on by operating the switch 40 when the surroundings are bright. Assume a case of turning off. In this state, in the configuration in which the dead period T1 is not set, the illumination load 2 that is turned on / off by the human body detection device 10 is turned off as shown in FIG. If an attempt is made to operate the switch 40 in this state, a person approaches the human body detection device 10 and thus a human body detection signal is output from the infrared sensor unit 11. Further, when the hand is brought close to the switch 40 to operate the switch 40, the lower part of the front surface of the human body detection device 10 may enter the shadow B of the hand as shown in FIG. In some cases, the amount of incident light decreases and the determination processing unit 13 determines that the light is dark. That is, when the switch 40 is operated, a human body detection signal is output from the infrared sensor unit 11, and when the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 is determined to be in a dark state by the determination processing unit 13, the surroundings are actually bright. Nevertheless, the illumination load 2 may be lit. The same inconvenience may occur when a person stands in front of the human body detection device 10 even when the switch 40 is not provided in parallel.

  On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, in a situation where the surroundings are bright, the human body detection device 10 is made a shadow B for the operation of the switch 40 by being juxtaposed with the switch 40 as in the example shown in FIG. Even if the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 temporarily decreases due to a person standing in front of the human body detection device 10, the decrease in the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 is within the dead period T1. The inconvenience that the lighting load 2 is turned on by mistake can be avoided.

  In addition to the above-described configuration, the determination processing unit 13 of the present embodiment sets a waiting period T2 that is timed from the time when the lighting load 2 is extinguished due to the end of the holding time T0, as shown in FIG. If the human body detection signal is generated without using the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 during the standby period T2, the illumination load 2 is turned on. This waiting period T2 is set to 3 to 5 seconds.

  In the operation example shown in FIG. 3, when the brightness determination in the determination processing unit 13 is in a dark state (FIG. 3B) at time t <b> 1, a human body detection signal is generated as shown in FIG. The illumination load 2 is lit as shown in FIG. When the illumination load 2 is turned on, the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 shown in FIG. 3A exceeds the upper threshold value VH, and the determination of the brightness in the determination processing unit 13 is in a bright state. That is, in this operation example, the lighting load 2 and the human body detection device 10 are arranged in a positional relationship such that the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 exceeds the upper threshold value VH when the lighting load 2 is turned on. If the next human body detection signal does not occur until the holding time T0 elapses after the lighting of the human body detection signal after the lighting load 2 is turned on, the lighting load 2 is turned off at the end of the holding time T0 (that is, time t2). To do.

  In the present embodiment, the waiting period T2 is timed from the time when the illumination load 2 is turned off in this way. As described above, the human body is not related to the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 within the waiting period T2. As soon as the detection signal is generated, the lighting load 2 is turned on. That is, in FIG. 3, a human body detection signal is generated as shown in FIG. 3 (c) at time t3 within the waiting period T2, and at this time, the illumination load 2 is turned on immediately as shown in FIG. 3 (d). is there. In the illustrated example, the waiting period T2 is limited even when the lighting load 2 is turned off at time t4. However, since the human body detection signal is not generated in the waiting period T2 from time t4, the lighting load 2 is Keeps off.

  Here, in the present embodiment, the dead time period T1 has a function of ignoring the human body detection signal from the time when the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 falls below the lower threshold value VL, but during the time limit of the standby period T2. The priority is set so that the dead time period T1 is not timed. That is, since the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 falls below the lower threshold VL when the illumination load 2 is turned off after the illumination load 2 is turned off, in the operation example of FIG. Even if the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 becomes smaller than the lower threshold value VL after 2 is turned off, the dead period T1 is not timed.

  Now, it is assumed that the human body detection device 10 is disposed in a place where the lighting load 2 is affected by turning on and off as shown in FIG. Here, since the presence of a person in the detection area A as shown in FIG. 4A is detected and the illumination load 2 is lit, the movement of the person has been reduced to the extent that no human body detection signal is generated. Assuming that the illumination load 2 is extinguished as shown in FIG. 4B, the operation shown in FIG. 5 is performed in the configuration in which the standby period T2 is not set. That is, if the movement of the person is reduced and the illumination load 2 is turned off at time t2 as shown in FIG. 5D, the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 decreases as shown in FIG. The dead period T1 is timed from t5. In the dead period T1, since it is regarded as a bright state as shown in FIG. 5B, the illumination load 2 cannot be turned on even if a human body detection signal is generated as shown in FIG. The lighting load 2 can be turned on again after the dead period T1 ends. That is, once the illumination load 2 is turned off, it can be turned on again after 3 to 5 seconds have elapsed.

  On the other hand, in the configuration of the present embodiment, if a person moves and a human body detection signal is generated in the waiting period T2 after the lighting load 2 is turned off, the lighting load 2 is turned on immediately. Can be lit. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the conventional configuration.

(Embodiment 2)
In this embodiment, the determination processing unit 13 is provided with only the standby period T2 without providing the dead period T1. That is, as in the second embodiment, the waiting period T2 is timed from the time when the illumination load 2 is extinguished by the end of the holding time T0, and the human body detection signal is generated without using the output of the brightness sensor unit 12 within the waiting period T2. Then, the lighting load 2 is turned on. However, the dead period T1 is not provided. The standby period T2 is set to 3 to 5 seconds as in the second embodiment.

  The operation example shown in FIG. 6 is basically the same as the operation example shown in FIG. However, it is assumed that an illumination load 4 (see FIG. 7) is provided separately from the illumination load 2 that is turned on / off by the human body detection device 10, and the illumination load 4 is turned on / off by another switch. For example, as in the configuration example shown in FIG. 11, the human body detection device 10 and the switch 40 are arranged on one plate 30, and the illumination load 6 is turned on / off by the operation of the switch 40. Here, it is assumed that the two illumination loads 2 and 4 are arranged so that the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 of the human body detection device 10 exceeds the upper threshold value VH if one of the lighting loads is lit.

  Thus, the operation from time t1 to time t2 is the same as that of the second embodiment. However, even when the illumination load 2 is turned off at time t2, as shown in FIG. Therefore, the output value of the brightness sensor unit 12 shown in FIG. 6A is kept higher than the upper threshold value VH. That is, even if the illumination load 2 is turned off, the brightness determination in the determination processing unit 13 is kept in a bright state. When the illumination load 2 is turned off by the end of the holding time T0 at time t2, the standby period T2 is timed. During the standby period T2, the illumination load 2 is lit by the rise of the human body detection signal regardless of the output of the brightness sensor unit 12. In the illustrated example, since the human body detection signal rises as shown in FIG. 6C at time t3, the illumination load 2 is turned on again as shown in FIG. 6D. Also, at time t4, the standby period T2 is timed. However, since the human body detection signal is not generated during the standby period T2, the illumination load 2 is kept in the off state. In the operation example shown in FIG. 6, as shown in FIG. 6E, the illumination load 4 is lit at time t0 before time t2, and is continuously lit thereafter.

  Therefore, in the configuration of the present embodiment, if a person moves and a human body detection signal is generated in the waiting period T2 after the lighting load 2 is turned off, the lighting load 2 is not related to whether or not the lighting load 4 is turned on. Since the lighting is immediately turned on, the lighting load 2 can be turned on again without a time delay. Other configurations and operations are the same as those of the conventional configuration.

(A) is a block diagram of a human body detection apparatus, (B) is operation | movement explanatory drawing of Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a problem same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing same as the above. It is explanatory drawing which shows a usage form same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of the comparative example with respect to the same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing which shows Embodiment 2 of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows a usage form same as the above. It is a block diagram which shows the other structural example of a human body detection apparatus. It is a block diagram of the infrared sensor part used for the same as the above. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing of a prior art example. It is a front view which shows the usage form same as the above. It is a front view of the state which removed the optical system and opened the door in the structure shown in FIG. It is operation | movement explanatory drawing same as the above.

Explanation of symbols

2 Illumination load 11a (pyroelectric type) infrared sensor 12a brightness sensor 13 judgment processing part A detection area T2 standby period VL lower threshold VH upper threshold

Claims (1)

Judgment to turn on / off the lighting load based on a combination of a human sensor that detects the presence or absence of a person in the detection area, a brightness sensor that detects brightness, and the output of the human sensor and the brightness sensor And a waiting period that is timed from the time when the illumination load is extinguished because the human sensor is no longer detected by the human sensor is set in the determination processing unit, and the determination processing unit has a brightness lower than a predetermined threshold value. The lighting load is turned on when a person is detected by the presence sensor during a period, and the lighting load is turned on regardless of the brightness detected by the brightness sensor when the person is detected by the presence sensor during the standby period. A human body detection device characterized by that.

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