JP4155628B2

JP4155628B2 - Pressure difference adjustment device

Info

Publication number: JP4155628B2
Application number: JP22693498A
Authority: JP
Inventors: 善民野々村
Original assignee: Fujita Corp
Current assignee: Fujita Corp
Priority date: 1998-08-11
Filing date: 1998-08-11
Publication date: 2008-09-24
Anticipated expiration: 2018-08-11
Also published as: JP2000055426A

Description

【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は建築物の室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する気圧差調整装置に関する。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
建築物の玄関扉を開閉する場合、建築物の室内と室外の間に気圧差が生じると、玄関扉の開閉に支障を来すことがある。例えば、玄関扉に向かって強い風が吹きつけていたり、建築物の室内において換気扇を動作させて室内の空気を室外に排気したりしている場合には、室内の気圧が負圧となり室外の気圧が正圧となり、室内外の気圧差によって玄関扉が開けにくくなる。このような扉の開閉障害を回避するためには、室内と室外との気圧差を緩和する必要がある。
【０００３】
ところで、従来から、室内と室外との間で換気を行うために、玄関扉の近くに空気が流通する給気口が設けられたり、天井裏の空間を利用して室内と室外の空気を流通させたりすることが行われている。そして、このような室内と室外の空気の流通によって室内と室外との気圧差を緩和することが図られている。
また、玄関扉のノブと鍵の機構に、開口部と、その開口部を開閉する圧力調整用扉を設け、ノブの操作に連動して圧力調整用扉を開閉させることで、室内と室外の空気を流通させ室内と室外との気圧差を緩和する技術も提案されている。
【０００４】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、玄関扉の近くに設けられている給気口は、換気を目的としており、給気口の有効開口面積が少なく、屋外から屋内への給気量が不足しているため、室内と室外の気圧差を緩和するには至っていない。
また、天井裏の空間を利用して空気を流通させる場合も同様であり、換気を目的としており、空気の流通する経路が屋外の給気口で狭く、天井裏の空間で広くなり、屋内の給気口で再び狭くなっている。このため、屋外から屋内に流入する空気の流路面積が縮小、拡大、縮小と変化して流路間の抵抗が大きく屋外から屋内への給気量が不足してやはり室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する機能が不十分であった。
また、ノブの操作に連動して圧力調整用扉を開閉させることで、室内と室外の空気を流通させ室内と室外との気圧差を緩和する場合には、ノブと鍵の機構という限定されたスペースに開口部が設けられているため、開口部の有効開口面積が少なく、屋外から屋内への給気量が不足し、室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する機能は不十分であった。
また、屋内で換気扇を使用して屋内の空気を屋外に排気しているような場合には、室内と室外との気圧差が増大し、玄関扉がさらに開けにくくなるという問題がある。
また、屋内で換気扇を使用して屋内の空気を屋外に排気する際、室内が負圧で室外が正圧となっていると、換気扇による換気量が低下し、換気扇に過大な負荷がかかるという問題も生じる。
本発明は前記事情に鑑み案出されたものであって、本発明の目的は、屋内と屋外の気圧差を効果的に緩和することができる気圧差調整装置を提供することにある。
【０００５】
【課題を解決するための手段】
前記目的を達成するため本発明は、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部と、該玄関開口部を開閉する玄関扉と、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部と、該バルコニー開口部を開閉するバルコニー戸とを備え、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部とが室内を介して連通可能に構成された建築物に配設され、室内と室外の間で空気を流通させることで前記建築物の室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する気圧差調整装置であって、第１、第２給気口と、第１、第２開閉手段と、第１、第２差圧計と、制御手段とを備え、前記第１給気口は前記玄関開口部近傍における室内と室外とを連通するように構成され、前記第２給気口は前記バルコニー開口部近傍における室内と室外とを連通するように構成され、前記第１開閉手段は前記第１給気口を開閉するように構成され、前記第２開閉手段は前記第２給気口を開閉するように構成され、前記第１差圧計は前記玄関開口部近傍における室内と室外との気圧の差である差圧を計測するように構成され、前記第２差圧計は前記バルコニー開口部近傍における室内と室外との気圧の差である差圧を計測するように構成され、前記制御手段は、前記第１、第２差圧計によって計測された差圧に基づいて、前記室内と前記室外との気圧差が減少されるように前記第１、第２開閉手段の開閉制御を行い、前記玄関扉のノブが開放操作されたことを検知する扉開放検知手段を設け、前記制御手段は、前記扉開放検知手段が前記玄関扉の開放操作を検知したときに、前記第１開閉手段を開放させるとともに、前記第２開閉手段を閉鎖させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、室内及び前記玄関扉の近傍の室外の少なくとも一方にいる人に対して前記玄関扉の開放に伴う注意を与える警報動作を行う玄関扉警報手段を設け、前記制御手段は、前記第１開閉手段が開放され、かつ、前記第２開閉手段が閉鎖された後、前記第１、第２差圧計によって計測された差圧の値に基づいて前記玄関扉警報手段を動作させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記制御手段は、前記第１差圧計の差圧が所定値以上であることに基づいて前記玄関扉警報手段を動作させるように構成され、前記玄関扉警報手段の警報動作は前記玄関扉に負圧がかかって開きにくい状態である旨の警告を行うことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記制御手段は、前記第１差圧計の差圧が所定値以上であり、かつ、前記第２差圧計の差圧がほぼ零であることに基づいて前記玄関扉警報手段を動作させるように構成され、前記玄関扉警報手段の警報動作は前記玄関扉の開放によって前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部を強風が通過するおそれがある旨の警告を行うことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、換気扇と、換気扇動作検知手段と、排気ダクトとを設け、前記換気扇は室内の空気を室外へ排気するように構成され、前記換気扇動作検知手段は前記換気扇の動作を検知するように構成され、前記排気ダクトは、前記換気扇によって排気される空気を室内から前記玄関開口部近傍における室外または前記バルコニー開口部近傍における室外の何れか一方に臨む箇所に設けられた排気口に導くように構成され、前記制御手段は、前記換気扇動作検知手段が前記換気扇の動作を検知したときに、前記第１、第２給気口のうちの前記排気口が設けられた側と同じ室外に連通する前記給気口に対応する方の前記開閉手段を開放させ、次いで、前記第１、第２差圧計で計測された差圧に基づいて、前記排気口が設けられた側の室内外の差圧と前記排気口が設けられていない側の室内外の差圧とを比較し、前記排気口が設けられた側の差圧が高いと判定された場合に、前記第１、第２給気口のうちの前記排気口が設けられていない側と同じ室外に連通する前記給気口に対応する方の前記開閉手段を閉鎖させるように構成されていることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、換気扇の排気動作が不十分となる旨を前記室内にいる人に対して知らせるように構成された換気扇警報手段を設け、前記制御手段は、前記第１、第２給気口のうちの前記排気口が設けられていない側の室外に連通する方の給気口を閉鎖させた後、前記第１、第２差圧計で計測された差圧に基づいて、前記排気口が設けられた側の室外の気圧と前記排気口が設けられていない側の室外の気圧とを比較し、依然として前記排気口が設けられた側の室外の気圧が高いと判定された場合に、前記換気扇警報手段を動作させるように構成されたことを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記第１、第２給気口から前記室内に流入する空気の温度を調整する温度制御手段を備えることを特徴とする。
また、本発明は、前記温度制御手段は空気を加熱するヒータと、前記ヒータの動作を制御するサーモスタットとを有することを特徴とする。
【０００６】
本発明装置では、前記第１、第２差圧計によって計測された差圧に基づいて、前記室内と前記室外との気圧差が減少されるように前記第１、第２開閉手段の開閉が制御される。
【０００７】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下、本発明の気圧差調整装置を図面を参照して説明する。
図１は本発明の気圧差調整装置の実施の形態の構成を示す全体構成図、図２は実施の形態における玄関扉開放時の制御を説明するフローチャート、図３は実施の形態における換気扇動作時の制御を説明するフローチャートである。
【０００８】
図１を参照して気圧調整装置の全体構成について説明する。本実施の形態ではマンションなどの集合住宅を構成する建築物に本発明の気圧調整装置を適用した例を説明する。
建築物１００には、床壁１０２、床壁１０２の側縁部から立設される側壁１０４、側壁１０４の上部を接続する上壁１０６、室内天井壁１０８、室外天井壁１１０、隔壁１１２、玄関室１１４、バルコニー１１６、第１、第２給気口１１８、１２０、第１、第２開閉手段１２２、１２４、排気ダクト１２６、給気ダクト１２８、換気扇１３０、第１差圧計１３２、第２差圧計１３４、制御装置１３６などが設けられている。
【０００９】
室内天井壁１０８は、その下方に室内が臨む箇所に設けられている。室外天井壁１１０は、その下方に室外に臨む空間が位置する箇所に設けられている。そして、上壁１０６は、室内天井壁１０８及び室外天井壁１１０の上方にこれら天井壁と間隔を隔てて設けられている。
【００１０】
側壁１０４は、室内天井壁１０８と室外天井壁１１０と上壁１０６とを接続し、これらの壁により天井裏の空間を形成するように設けられている。
隔壁１１２は、室内天井壁１０８と室外天井壁１１０の間の箇所に配設され、天井裏の空間を室内天井裏空間１３８と室外天井裏空間１４０とに隔てるように設けられている。
【００１１】
床壁１０２、側壁１０４、室内天井壁１０８によって囲まれた空間に玄関室１１４、居室１４２、１４４が形成されている。また、居室１４４の隣には側壁１０４を隔てて室外に臨むバルコニー１１６が設けられており、玄関室１０４の隣には室外に臨む廊下１４６が設けられている。
【００１２】
玄関室１０４には、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部１４８が設けられ、玄関開口部１４８には該玄関開口部１４８を開閉する玄関扉１５０が設けられている。また、玄関扉１５０のノブ１５２を開放操作したことを検知する不図示の扉開放検知手段が配設されている。
バルコニー１１６には、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部１５４が設けられ、バルコニー開口部１５４には該バルコニー開口部１５４を開閉するバルコニー戸１５６が設けられている。
【００１３】
第１給気口１１８は、室内天井裏空間１３８と室外天井裏空間１４０を連通するように隔壁１１２を貫通して設けられている。そして、第１開閉手段１２２はこの第１給気口１１８を制御装置１３６からの制御信号に基づいて開閉するように構成されている。
室内天井壁１０８には、第１給気口１１８の近傍の箇所で室内と室内天井裏空間１３８とを連通する開口部１５８が設けられている。開口部１５８には、ガラリ１５８Ａが装着されている。
室外天井壁１１０には、第１給気口１１８の近傍の箇所で室外と室外天井裏空間１４０とを連通する開口部１６０が設けられている。開口部１６０には、ガラリ１６０Ａと不図示の防虫網が装着されている。
【００１４】
室外と居室１４４の室内天井裏１３８との間には隔壁１１３が設けられており、第２給気口１２０は、室外と上記室内天井裏空間１３８とを連通するように隔壁１１３を貫通して設けられている。そして、第２開閉手段１２４はこの第２給気口１２０を制御装置１３６からの制御信号に基づいて開閉するように構成されている。
室内天井壁１３８には、第２給気口１２０の近傍の箇所で室内と室内天井裏空間１３８とを連通する開口部１６２が設けられている。開口部１６２には、ガラリ１６２Ａが装着されている。また、室内天井壁１３８には、開口部１６２とは別の箇所で室内と室内天井裏空間１３８とを連通する開口部１６３が設けられ、この開口部１６３には、ガラリ１６３Ａが装着されている。
【００１５】
また、居室１４２の屋内天井裏空間１３８には、換気扇１３０が配設されている。換気扇１３０の動作を検知する不図示の換気扇動作検知手段が設けられており、この換気扇動作検知手段は換気扇１３０の動作が行われたことを検知すると検知信号を制御装置１３６に送出するように構成されている。
排気ダクト１２６は、換気扇１３０が排出する排気を屋内天井裏空間１３８から屋外天井裏空間１４０を経由して屋外に臨む屋外天井壁１１０に設けられた排気口１６４に導くように配設されている。
給気ダクト１２８は、屋外に臨む屋外天井壁１１０に設けられた開口部１６０から屋外の空気を換気扇１３０の近傍に導くものであり、互いに連通している屋外天井裏空間１４０と屋内天井裏空間１３８によって構成されている。
【００１６】
また、第１差圧計１３２は、玄関室１１４の天井裏空間１３８に配設されており、隔壁１１２を貫通して屋外と連通するように配設された管１３２Ａと、玄関室１１４の天井壁１０８を貫通して屋内と連通するように配設された管１３２Ｂとを有している。そして、管１３２Ａ、１３２Ｂを介して屋外と屋内の気圧差を計測し、計測した差圧を示す情報を制御装置１３６に送出するようになっている。
また、第２差圧計１３４は、居室１４４の天井裏空間１３８に配設されており、隔壁１１３を貫通して屋外と連通するように配設された管１３４Ａと、居室１４４の天井壁１０８を貫通して屋内と連通するように配設された管１３４Ｂとを有している。そして、管１３４Ａ、１３４Ｂを介して屋外と屋内の気圧差を計測し、計測した差圧を示す情報を制御装置１３６に送出するようになっている。
【００１７】
制御装置（特許請求の制御手段に相当）１３６は、例えばマイクロコンピュータなどによって構成されている。
制御装置１３６は、上述した換気扇検知手段から入力される検知信号、第１、第２差圧計１３２、１３４から入力される屋外と屋内の差圧を示す計測値に基づいて第１、第２開閉手段１２２、１２４に制御信号を与えてそれぞれの開閉動作を制御するように構成されている。なお、図１中破線は制御信号の流れを示す。また、制御装置１３６は、第１、第２差圧計１３２、１３４によって計測された差圧に基づいて、室内と室外との気圧差が減少されるように、第１、第２開閉手段１２２、１２４の開閉制御を行い、第１、第２給気口１１８、１２０の空気の流通を制御するようになっている。このため、玄関扉１５０にかかる負圧が減少され、玄関扉１５０の開放が容易に行えるようになっている。
【００１８】
また、玄関室１１４の室内側と廊下１４６側とには、不図示の警報装置（特許請求の範囲の玄関扉警報手段、換気扇警報手段に相当）が設けられている。この警報装置は、制御装置１３６からの制御信号に基づいて動作するものであって、玄関扉１５０に負圧がかかって開けにくい状態になっている旨、玄関扉１５０を開放することによって強風がバルコニー開口部と玄関開口部の間を通過するおそれがある旨を室内と玄関扉１５０の近傍の室外にいる人に対して知らせる動作と、換気扇１３０の排気動作が不十分となる旨を室内にいる人に対して知らせる動作とを所定の形態（例えば音声や警告音の発生、あるいは警告灯の点灯など）によって報知するように構成されている。
【００１９】
次に、図２のフローチャートを参照して本実施の形態の気圧差調整装置の玄関扉開放時の動作について説明する。
廊下１４６にいる人が玄関扉１５０のノブ１５２を開放方向に操作すると（Ｓ１０）、扉開放検知手段から検知信号が制御装置１３６に送出される。制御装置１３６は、上記検知信号を入力すると、第２開閉手段１２４を閉鎖させて第２給気口１２０における空気の流通を遮断した状態にする（Ｓ１２）。すなわち、第２給気口１２０を遮断した状態にすることで居室１４４の空気が開口部１６２と第２給気口１２０を通過してバルコニー１１６からバルコニー側の屋外に流れることを防ぎ、玄関室１０４と居室１４２を介して連通する居室１４４の気圧がバルコニー１１６の気圧に対して低くなることを防いでいる。
【００２０】
次いで、制御装置１３６は、第１開閉手段１２２を開放させて第１給気口１１８における空気の流通を可能な状態にする（Ｓ１４）。すなわち、第１給気口１１８における空気の流通を可能な状態にし、屋外の空気が開口部１６０、第１給気口１１８、開口部１５８を介して流れることを可能とすることで、玄関室１１４の気圧が廊下１４６側の室外の気圧に近づくようにしている。
【００２１】
そして、制御装置１３６は、第１差圧計１３２から入力される差圧の計測値が所定値以上であるか否かを判定する（Ｓ１６）。この所定値は玄関扉１５０にかかる負圧に抗して玄関扉１５０を開けるために必要な力が小児や老人にとって負担となるような数値に設定されている。
Ｓ１６の判定結果が“Ｙ”ならば、制御装置１３６は、警報装置を動作させて玄関扉１５０に負圧がかかって開けにくい状態になっている旨を玄関扉１５０の近傍（室内、室外）にいる人に対して知らせる（Ｓ１８）。室内にいる人は、上記の警報動作によって事態を認識することで、玄関扉１５０を玄関室１１４の内側から開放するなどの対応をとることが可能となる。
Ｓ１６の判定結果が“Ｎ”ならば、玄関扉１５０にはその開放に際して問題となる負圧がかかっていないため、警報装置を非動作として制御動作を終了する（Ｓ２４）。
【００２２】
一方、制御装置１３６は、Ｓ１８によって警報装置による警報動作を行うと、第２差圧計１３４から入力される差圧の計測値がほぼ零か否かを判定する（Ｓ２０）。ここで、第２差圧計１３４の差圧の計測値がほぼ零であるということは、バルコニー戸１５６が開放状態となっていることを示している。この状態で玄関扉１５０を開放すれば、玄関開口部１４８からバルコニー開口部１５４に図１中矢印Ｄで示す方向の強風が通過して、居室内の扉などが強風によって強制的に開放または閉鎖され、扉の枠に衝突して破損するなどの危険が生じる。
したがって、Ｓ２０の判定結果が“Ｙ”である場合には、制御装置１３６は、警報装置を動作させて、玄関扉の開放によって玄関開口部とバルコニー開口部を強風が通過するおそれがある旨を玄関扉１５０の近傍（室内、室外）にいる人に対して知らせる（Ｓ２２）。室内にいる人は、上記の警報動作によって事態を認識することで、バルコニー開口部１５４のバルコニー戸１５６を閉鎖するなどの対応をとることが可能となる。
また、Ｓ２０の判定結果が“Ｎ”である場合には、玄関扉１５０にはその開放に際して強風が通過するおそれがないので、警報装置による強風通過の警報は行わずに制御動作を終了する（Ｓ２４）。
【００２３】
上述の動作によれば、玄関扉１５０のノブ１５２を開放方向に操作したときに、第２給気口１２０の閉鎖と第１給気口１１８の開放がなされることによって、玄関扉１５０にかかる負圧を減少させ、玄関扉１５０の開放を容易にすることができる。また、玄関扉１５０にかかる負圧が大きな場合には、玄関扉の開放が難しい旨が報知されるので、室内にいる人が玄関扉を開放するなどの対応をとることができる。また、玄関扉の開放時に強風が居室を通過するおそれがある場合には、その旨の警報が報知されるので、玄関扉を開放する前にバルコニー戸を閉鎖するなどの対応をとることが可能となり、居室内の扉などの破損を未然に防止することができる。
【００２４】
次に、図３のフローチャートを参照して本実施の形態の気圧差調整装置の換気扇動作時の動作について説明する。
換気扇１３０が作動されると（Ｓ３０）、換気扇動作検知手段から検知信号信号が制御装置１３６が入力される。制御装置１３６は、上記検知信号を入力すると、換気扇１３０の排気ダクト１２８の排気口１６４が設けられた側（廊下側）と同じ室外に連通する第１給気口１１８に対応する方の第１開閉手段１２２を開放させて第１給気口１１８における空気の流通を可能な状態にする（Ｓ３２）。これにより、屋外の空気が開口部１６０、第１給気口１１８、開口部１５８を介して流れることで、換気扇１３０が配設された居室１４２の気圧が廊下１４６側の室外の気圧に近づくようにしている。
【００２５】
そして、制御装置１３６は、第１、第２差圧計１３２、１３４から差圧の計測値を入力し（Ｓ３４）、第１差圧計１３２の差圧が第２差圧計１３４の差圧よりも大きいか否かを比較する（Ｓ３６）。
Ｓ３６の判定結果が“Ｎ”ならば、廊下側の気圧がバルコニー側の気圧と同じか小さく、換気扇１３０による排気に支障がないため、制御動作を終了する。
Ｓ３６の判定結果が“Ｙ”ならば、廊下側の気圧がバルコニー側の気圧より大きく、換気扇１３０による排気が充分に行われず、かつ、換気扇１３０に過大な負荷がかかるため、排気口１６４が設けられていない側（バルコニー側）と同じ室外に連通する第２給気口１２０に対応する方の第２開閉手段１２４を閉鎖する（Ｓ３８）。これにより、第２給気口１２０からバルコニー側の室外に空気が流出して室内の気圧が室外に対して低下することを防止することによって、換気扇１３０による排気量を確保するとともに換気扇にかかる負荷を軽減させることができる。
【００２６】
次いで、制御装置１３６は、再び、第１、第２差圧計１３２、１３４から差圧の計測値を入力し（Ｓ４０）、第１差圧計１３２の差圧が第２差圧計１３４の差圧よりも大きいか否かを比較する（Ｓ４２）。
Ｓ４２の判定結果が“Ｎ”ならば、廊下側の気圧がバルコニー側の気圧と同じか小さく、換気扇１３０による排気に支障がないため、制御動作を終了する。
Ｓ４２の判定結果が“Ｙ”ならば、依然として、廊下側の気圧がバルコニー側の気圧より大きい状態が続いているため、警報装置を動作させて換気扇の排気動作が不十分となる旨を室内にいる人に対して知らせて（Ｓ４４）、制御動作を終了する。室内にいる人は、上記の警報動作によって事態を認識することで、一時的に換気扇１３０の動作を停止するなどの対応をとることが可能となる。
【００２７】
上述の動作によれば、換気扇１３０が作動したときに、排気口１６４が設けられている側と同じ室外に連通する第１給気口１１８を開放することで、給気ダクト１２６による換気扇１３０への給気に加えて第１給気口１１８を通過する空気が換気扇１３０へ吸気されるので充分な排気量を確保することができる。
また、第１、第２差圧計の差圧の比較結果に基づいて第２給気口１２０を閉鎖することで、換気扇１３０による排気量を確保するとともに換気扇にかかる負荷を軽減させることができる。
また、第１、第２差圧計の差圧の比較結果から換気扇１３０による排気量を確保ができず、換気扇に過大な負荷がかかると判断されるには、その旨を警報装置によって報知するので、換気扇の作動を一時的に停止するなどの対応をとることが可能となる。
【００２８】
次に、気圧差調整装置の他の動作について説明する。
例えば、バルコニー戸１５６に対して雨風が吹きつけるような場合、室外に対して室内の気圧が低いと、バルコニー戸１５６を閉鎖していても、雨がバルコニー戸１５６とバルコニー開口部１５４の隙間から室内側に侵入するおそれがある。
このような場合には、制御装置１３６は、第２差圧計１３４の差圧の計測値に基づいて、室外に対して室内の気圧が低いか否かを判定し、その判定結果が肯定であれば、第２開閉手段１２４を開放することで室内外の差圧を減少させるようにすればよい。室内外の差圧が減少されることによって雨がバルコニー戸１５６とバルコニー開口部１５４の隙間から室内側に侵入することが防止される。
【００２９】
なお、上述の実施の形態では、換気扇１３０の排気動作によって室外の空気が第１給気口１１８を通過して室内に流入している。このため、冬季では、暖房中の室内に低温の空気が入ることになり好ましくない。
したがって、室内に流入する空気の温度を調整する温度制御手段を設けることが望ましい。このような温度制御手段としては、例えば、空気を加熱するヒータと、ヒータの動作を制御するサーモスタットとなどから構成することができる。また、温度制御手段を設ける箇所は、第１給気口１１８側では、室内天井裏空間１３８の第１給気口１１８と開口部１５８の間の箇所でも、ガラリ１５８Ａの箇所でもよい。
【００３０】
また、従来、高層マンションのように高層階と低層階とで室内と室外との気圧差が異なるような場合、室内外を連通する給気口を設けて室内外の気圧差を緩和しようとする際には、室内外の気圧差が階（高さ）によって異なるため、室内外を連通する給気口の開口面積を階によって調整する必要があった。
これに対して、本発明の気圧差調整装置では、室内外の気圧差に応じて第１、第２給気口の開閉を制御して室内外の気圧差を減少する構成となっているため、給気口の開口面積を調整する必要がないという利点がある。
また、本発明装置は、従来から用いられているノブの操作と連動して開閉する圧力調整用扉を設けた玄関扉と併用することもできる。この場合には圧力調整用扉が開閉する開口部の有効開口面積に対応させて、第１、第２給気口の有効開口面積を設定することで、圧力調整用扉の開口部面積を任意の大きさに設定することが可能である。
【００３１】
【発明の効果】
本発明装置は、室内と室外とを連通する玄関開口部と、該玄関開口部を開閉する玄関扉と、室内と室外とを連通するバルコニー開口部と、該バルコニー開口部を開閉するバルコニー戸とを備え、前記玄関開口部と前記バルコニー開口部とが室内を介して連通可能に構成された建築物に配設され、室内と室外の間で空気を流通させることで前記建築物の室内と室外の気圧差を緩和する気圧差調整装置であって、第１、第２給気口と、第１、第２開閉手段と、第１、第２差圧計と、制御手段とを備え、前記第１給気口は前記玄関開口部近傍における室内と室外とを連通するように構成され、前記第２給気口は前記バルコニー開口部近傍における室内と室外とを連通するように構成され、前記第１開閉手段は前記第１給気口を開閉するように構成され、前記第２開閉手段は前記第２給気口を開閉するように構成され、前記第１差圧計は前記玄関開口部近傍における室内と室外との気圧の差である差圧を計測するように構成され、前記第２差圧計は前記バルコニー開口部近傍における室内と室外との気圧の差である差圧を計測するように構成され、前記制御手段は、前記第１、第２差圧計によって計測された差圧に基づいて、前記室内と前記室外との気圧差が減少されるように前記第１、第２開閉手段の開閉制御を行う構成とした。
そのため、第１、第２差圧計によって計測された差圧に基づいて、室内と室外との気圧差が減少されるように、第１、第２開閉手段の開閉制御が行なわれて第１、第２給気口の空気の流通が制御される。したがって、室内と室外の気圧差が効果的に緩和される。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明の気圧差調整装置の実施の形態の構成を示す全体構成図である。
【図２】実施の形態における玄関扉開放時の制御を説明するフローチャートである。
【図３】実施の形態における換気扇動作時の制御を説明するフローチャートである。
【符号の説明】
１００建築物
１１８第１給気口
１２０第２給気口
１２２第１開閉手段
１２４第２開閉手段
１３２第１差圧計
１３４第２差圧計
１３６制御装置（制御手段）
１４８玄関開口部
１５０玄関扉
１５４バルコニー開口部
１５６バルコニー戸[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a pressure difference adjusting device for reducing a pressure difference between indoors and outdoors of a building.
[0002]
[Prior art]
When opening and closing the entrance door of a building, if there is a difference in air pressure between the interior and the exterior of the building, the opening and closing of the entrance door may be hindered. For example, if a strong wind is blowing toward the entrance door or the indoor fan is operated to exhaust the indoor air to the outside of the building, the indoor pressure becomes negative and the outdoor The atmospheric pressure becomes positive, and the entrance door is difficult to open due to a difference in atmospheric pressure inside and outside the room. In order to avoid such a door opening / closing failure, it is necessary to reduce the pressure difference between the room and the room.
[0003]
By the way, conventionally, in order to ventilate between the room and the outside, an air supply port through which air flows is provided near the entrance door, or air in the room and outside is circulated using the space behind the ceiling. It has been done. And the atmospheric | air pressure difference of an indoor and an outdoor is relieve | moderated by the circulation | circulation of such indoor and outdoor air.
In addition, the knob and key mechanism of the entrance door is provided with an opening and a pressure adjustment door that opens and closes the opening, and by opening and closing the pressure adjustment door in conjunction with the operation of the knob, There has also been proposed a technique for reducing air pressure difference between indoors and outdoors by circulating air.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the air supply opening provided near the entrance door is for ventilation purposes, and the effective opening area of the air supply opening is small and the air supply amount from the outside to the indoor is insufficient. The pressure difference between the two has not been alleviated.
The same applies to the case where air is circulated using the space behind the ceiling, and is intended for ventilation.The air circulation route is narrow at the outdoor air inlet, wide at the space behind the ceiling, and indoor. It is narrowing again at the air inlet. For this reason, the flow area of the air flowing into the indoor from the outside is reduced, expanded, and reduced, the resistance between the flow paths is large, the air supply amount from the outdoor to the indoor is insufficient, and the atmospheric pressure difference between the indoor and outdoor The function to relax was insufficient.
In addition, when the pressure adjustment door is opened and closed in conjunction with the operation of the knob, the air between the room and the outside is circulated to reduce the pressure difference between the room and the outside, the mechanism of the knob and the key is limited. Since the opening is provided in the space, the effective opening area of the opening is small, the air supply amount from the outdoor to the indoor is insufficient, and the function of reducing the pressure difference between the indoor and the outdoor is insufficient.
Further, when indoor air is exhausted indoors using a ventilation fan, there is a problem that the pressure difference between the room and the outside increases, making it difficult to open the entrance door.
Also, when exhausting indoor air outdoors using a ventilator indoors, if the indoor pressure is negative and the outdoor pressure is positive, the ventilation amount of the ventilator will decrease and an excessive load will be applied to the ventilator Problems also arise.
The present invention has been devised in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a pressure difference adjusting device that can effectively reduce the pressure difference between indoors and outdoors.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a door opening that allows communication between the room and the outside, a door that opens and closes the door opening, a balcony opening that allows communication between the room and the outside, and the balcony opening. A balcony door that opens and closes, wherein the entrance opening and the balcony opening are arranged in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other through a room, and air is circulated between the room and the outside. A pressure difference adjusting device for reducing a pressure difference between an indoor and an outdoor of an object, comprising: first and second air supply ports; first and second opening / closing means; first and second differential pressure gauges; and control means; The first air supply port is configured to communicate between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the entrance opening, and the second air supply port is configured to communicate the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the balcony opening. The first opening / closing means opens the first air supply port. The second opening / closing means is configured to open and close the second air supply port, and the first differential pressure gauge is a differential pressure that is a difference in atmospheric pressure between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the entrance opening. The second differential pressure gauge is configured to measure a differential pressure that is a difference between the indoor pressure and the outdoor pressure in the vicinity of the balcony opening, and the control means includes the first and second pressure sensors. based on the differential pressure measured by the second differential pressure gauge, the first such pressure difference between the indoor and the outdoor is reduced, have rows close control of the second switching means, the knob of the front door is open Door opening detection means for detecting that the door has been operated is provided, and the control means opens the first opening and closing means when the door opening detection means detects an opening operation of the entrance door, and the second opening and closing means. Configured to close the opening and closing means Characterized in that that.
Further, the present invention is provided with an entrance door alarm means for performing an alarm operation to give a warning accompanying opening of the entrance door to a person in the room and at least one of the outdoors in the vicinity of the entrance door, the control means, After the first opening / closing means is opened and the second opening / closing means is closed, the entrance door alarm means is operated based on a differential pressure value measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges. It is comprised by these.
Further, the present invention is configured such that the control means operates the entrance door alarm means based on the fact that the differential pressure of the first differential pressure gauge is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the alarm operation of the entrance door alarm means Is characterized in that a warning is given to the effect that it is difficult to open due to negative pressure applied to the entrance door.
Further, according to the present invention, the control means is characterized in that the entrance door alarm means is based on the fact that the differential pressure of the first differential pressure gauge is not less than a predetermined value and the differential pressure of the second differential pressure gauge is substantially zero. The alarm operation of the entrance door alarm means warns that strong wind may pass through the entrance opening and the balcony opening by opening the entrance door. .
Further, the present invention is provided with a ventilation fan, a ventilation fan operation detecting means, and an exhaust duct, wherein the ventilation fan is configured to exhaust indoor air to the outside, and the ventilation fan operation detecting means detects the operation of the ventilation fan. The exhaust duct guides the air exhausted by the ventilation fan from an indoor to an exhaust port provided at a location facing either the outdoor near the entrance opening or the outdoor near the balcony opening. When the ventilating fan operation detecting unit detects the operation of the ventilating fan, the control unit is arranged outside the same outdoor side as the side where the exhaust port is provided among the first and second air supply ports. The opening / closing means corresponding to the communicating air inlet is opened, and then, based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges, the indoor and outdoor sides on the side where the exhaust port is provided The first and second air supply when it is determined that the differential pressure on the side where the exhaust port is provided is high The opening / closing means corresponding to the air supply port communicating with the same outdoor side as the side where the exhaust port is not provided is closed.
In addition, the present invention provides a ventilation fan alarm means configured to notify a person in the room that the exhausting operation of the ventilation fan is insufficient, and the control means includes the first and second air supply units. After closing the air supply port that communicates with the outdoor side of the port where the exhaust port is not provided, based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges, the exhaust port When the outdoor pressure on the side where the exhaust port is provided is compared with the outdoor pressure on the side where the exhaust port is not provided, and it is determined that the outdoor pressure on the side where the exhaust port is still provided is high, The ventilating fan alarm means is configured to operate.
Further, the present invention is characterized by comprising temperature control means for adjusting the temperature of air flowing into the room from the first and second air supply ports.
Further, the present invention is characterized in that the temperature control means includes a heater for heating air and a thermostat for controlling the operation of the heater.
[0006]
In the device according to the present invention, based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges, the opening and closing of the first and second opening / closing means is controlled so that the pressure difference between the room and the outside is reduced. Is done.
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, a pressure difference adjusting device of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing the configuration of an embodiment of the pressure difference adjusting device of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a flowchart for explaining control when the entrance door is opened in the embodiment, and FIG. It is a flowchart explaining the control.
[0008]
With reference to FIG. 1, the overall configuration of the atmospheric pressure adjusting device will be described. In the present embodiment, an example will be described in which the atmospheric pressure adjusting device of the present invention is applied to a building that constitutes an apartment house such as an apartment.
The building 100 includes a floor wall 102, a side wall 104 erected from a side edge of the floor wall 102, an upper wall 106 connecting the upper part of the side wall 104, an indoor ceiling wall 108, an outdoor ceiling wall 110, a partition wall 112, an entrance Chamber 114, balcony 116, first and second air supply ports 118 and 120, first and second opening / closing means 122 and 124, exhaust duct 126, air supply duct 128, ventilation fan 130, first differential pressure gauge 132, and second difference A pressure gauge 134, a control device 136, and the like are provided.
[0009]
The indoor ceiling wall 108 is provided at a location where the room faces below. The outdoor ceiling wall 110 is provided at a position where a space facing the outdoor is located below the outdoor ceiling wall 110. The upper wall 106 is provided above the indoor ceiling wall 108 and the outdoor ceiling wall 110 at a distance from these ceiling walls.
[0010]
The side wall 104 connects the indoor ceiling wall 108, the outdoor ceiling wall 110, and the upper wall 106, and is provided so as to form a space behind the ceiling by these walls.
The partition wall 112 is disposed at a position between the indoor ceiling wall 108 and the outdoor ceiling wall 110, and is provided so as to separate the ceiling back space into the indoor ceiling back space 138 and the outdoor ceiling back space 140.
[0011]
A entrance room 114 and living rooms 142 and 144 are formed in a space surrounded by the floor wall 102, the side wall 104, and the indoor ceiling wall 108. Further, a balcony 116 that faces the outside through the side wall 104 is provided next to the living room 144, and a corridor 146 that faces the outside is provided next to the entrance room 104.
[0012]
The entrance room 104 is provided with an entrance opening 148 that communicates between the interior and the exterior, and the entrance opening 148 is provided with an entrance door 150 that opens and closes the entrance opening 148. In addition, a door opening detection unit (not shown) that detects that the knob 152 of the entrance door 150 has been opened is disposed.
The balcony 116 is provided with a balcony opening 154 that communicates indoors and outdoors, and the balcony opening 154 is provided with a balcony door 156 that opens and closes the balcony opening 154.
[0013]
The first air supply port 118 is provided through the partition wall 112 so as to communicate the indoor ceiling back space 138 and the outdoor ceiling back space 140. The first opening / closing means 122 is configured to open and close the first air supply port 118 based on a control signal from the control device 136.
The indoor ceiling wall 108 is provided with an opening 158 that communicates the room with the indoor ceiling back space 138 at a location near the first air supply port 118. A gallery 158A is attached to the opening 158.
The outdoor ceiling wall 110 is provided with an opening 160 that communicates the outdoor space with the outdoor ceiling back space 140 at a location near the first air supply port 118. The opening 160 is equipped with a louver 160A and an insect screen (not shown).
[0014]
A partition wall 113 is provided between the outdoor and the indoor ceiling back 138 of the living room 144, and the second air inlet 120 penetrates the partition 113 so as to communicate the outdoor and the indoor ceiling back space 138. Is provided. The second opening / closing means 124 is configured to open and close the second air supply port 120 based on a control signal from the control device 136.
The indoor ceiling wall 138 is provided with an opening 162 that communicates the room and the indoor ceiling back space 138 at a location near the second air inlet 120. A louver 162A is attached to the opening 162. In addition, the indoor ceiling wall 138 is provided with an opening 163 that communicates the room and the indoor ceiling back space 138 at a location different from the opening 162, and a louver 163 </ b> A is attached to the opening 163. .
[0015]
A ventilation fan 130 is disposed in the indoor ceiling space 138 of the living room 142. An unillustrated ventilator operation detection means for detecting the operation of the exhaust fan 130 is provided, and the ventilator operation detection means is configured to send a detection signal to the control device 136 when detecting that the operation of the exhaust fan 130 is performed. Has been.
The exhaust duct 126 is arranged to guide the exhaust exhausted by the ventilation fan 130 from the indoor ceiling back space 138 to the exhaust port 164 provided in the outdoor ceiling wall 110 facing the outdoors via the outdoor ceiling back space 140. .
The air supply duct 128 guides outdoor air to the vicinity of the ventilation fan 130 from the opening 160 provided in the outdoor ceiling wall 110 facing the outdoors, and the outdoor ceiling back space 140 and the indoor ceiling back space communicating with each other. 138.
[0016]
The first differential pressure gauge 132 is disposed in the ceiling space 138 of the entrance room 114, and the pipe 132 </ b> A disposed so as to communicate with the outside through the partition 112 and the ceiling wall of the entrance room 114. And a tube 132 </ b> B disposed so as to pass through 108 and communicate with the interior. Then, the pressure difference between the outdoor and the indoor is measured via the pipes 132A and 132B, and information indicating the measured pressure difference is sent to the control device 136.
The second differential pressure gauge 134 is disposed in the ceiling back space 138 of the living room 144, and includes a pipe 134A disposed so as to penetrate the partition wall 113 and communicate with the outdoors, and the ceiling wall 108 of the living room 144. And a pipe 134B disposed so as to pass through and communicate with the interior. Then, the pressure difference between the outdoor and the indoor is measured via the pipes 134A and 134B, and information indicating the measured pressure difference is sent to the control device 136.
[0017]
The control device (corresponding to the control means in the claims) 136 is constituted by, for example, a microcomputer.
The control device 136 performs the first and second open / close operations based on the detection signal input from the ventilating fan detection means described above and the measured value indicating the outdoor and indoor differential pressure input from the first and second differential pressure gauges 132 and 134. A control signal is given to the means 122 and 124 to control the respective opening and closing operations. In addition, the broken line in FIG. 1 shows the flow of the control signal. In addition, the control device 136 includes the first and second opening / closing means 122, so that the atmospheric pressure difference between the room and the outside is reduced based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges 132, 134. 124 is controlled to open and close to control the flow of air through the first and second air supply ports 118 and 120. For this reason, the negative pressure applied to the entrance door 150 is reduced, and the entrance door 150 can be easily opened.
[0018]
Further, an alarm device (not shown) (corresponding to an entrance door alarm means and a ventilation fan alarm means in claims) is provided on the indoor side and the corridor 146 side of the entrance room 114. This alarm device is operated based on a control signal from the control device 136, and it is difficult to open because the negative pressure is applied to the entrance door 150. By opening the entrance door 150, a strong wind is generated. An operation that informs a person outside the room and the vicinity of the entrance door 150 that there is a risk of passing between the balcony opening and the entrance opening, and that the exhaust operation of the ventilation fan 130 is insufficient in the room The operation of notifying the person who is present is notified in a predetermined form (for example, generation of a sound or warning sound or lighting of a warning light).
[0019]
Next, with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 2, the operation of the atmospheric pressure difference adjusting device according to the present embodiment when the entrance door is opened will be described.
When a person in the hallway 146 operates the knob 152 of the entrance door 150 in the opening direction (S10), a detection signal is sent to the control device 136 from the door opening detection means. When the detection signal is input, the control device 136 closes the second opening / closing means 124 to block the air flow at the second air supply port 120 (S12). That is, the second air supply port 120 is shut off to prevent the air in the living room 144 from flowing through the opening 162 and the second air supply port 120 from the balcony 116 to the outside on the balcony side. 104 prevents the air pressure in the living room 144 communicating with 104 through the living room 142 from becoming lower than the air pressure in the balcony 116.
[0020]
Next, the control device 136 opens the first opening / closing means 122 so as to allow air to flow through the first air supply port 118 (S14). That is, by allowing air to flow through the first air supply port 118 and allowing outdoor air to flow through the opening 160, the first air supply port 118, and the opening 158, the entrance room The atmospheric pressure 114 is made to approach the outdoor atmospheric pressure on the corridor 146 side.
[0021]
And the control apparatus 136 determines whether the measured value of the differential pressure input from the 1st differential pressure gauge 132 is more than predetermined value (S16). This predetermined value is set to a numerical value such that the force necessary to open the entrance door 150 against the negative pressure applied to the entrance door 150 places a burden on the child and the elderly.
If the determination result in S16 is “Y”, the control device 136 operates the alarm device to indicate that the entrance door 150 is under a negative pressure and is difficult to open (inside and outside). It informs the person who is in (S18). A person in the room can take measures such as opening the entrance door 150 from the inside of the entrance room 114 by recognizing the situation by the alarm operation.
If the determination result in S16 is “N”, the negative pressure which is a problem when the entrance door 150 is opened is not applied, so the alarm device is deactivated and the control operation is terminated (S24).
[0022]
On the other hand, when the control device 136 performs an alarm operation by the alarm device in S18, the control device 136 determines whether or not the measured value of the differential pressure input from the second differential pressure gauge 134 is substantially zero (S20). Here, the fact that the measured value of the differential pressure of the second differential pressure gauge 134 is substantially zero indicates that the balcony door 156 is in an open state. If the entrance door 150 is opened in this state, a strong wind in the direction indicated by the arrow D in FIG. 1 passes from the entrance opening 148 to the balcony opening 154, and the door in the room is forcibly opened or closed by the strong wind. In such a case, there is a risk that the door frame collides with and is damaged.
Therefore, when the determination result of S20 is “Y”, the control device 136 operates the alarm device to indicate that the strong wind may pass through the entrance opening and the balcony opening by opening the entrance door. Inform the person in the vicinity of the entrance door 150 (indoor or outdoor) (S22). A person in the room can take measures such as closing the balcony door 156 of the balcony opening 154 by recognizing the situation by the alarm operation.
If the determination result in S20 is “N”, there is no possibility that strong wind will pass through the entrance door 150 when the door 150 is opened, so the control operation is terminated without warning of the strong wind passing by the alarm device ( S24).
[0023]
According to the above-described operation, when the knob 152 of the entrance door 150 is operated in the opening direction, the second supply port 120 is closed and the first supply port 118 is opened, so that the entrance door 150 is applied. Negative pressure can be reduced and the entrance door 150 can be easily opened. In addition, when the negative pressure applied to the entrance door 150 is large, it is notified that it is difficult to open the entrance door, so that a person in the room can take measures such as opening the entrance door. In addition, if there is a possibility that strong winds may pass through the room when the entrance door is opened, a warning to that effect will be given, so it is possible to take measures such as closing the balcony door before opening the entrance door Thus, it is possible to prevent damage to the doors in the living room.
[0024]
Next, the operation | movement at the time of ventilation fan operation | movement of the atmospheric | air pressure difference adjustment apparatus of this Embodiment with reference to the flowchart of FIG. 3 is demonstrated.
When the ventilation fan 130 is activated (S30), a detection signal signal is input to the control device 136 from the ventilation fan operation detection means. When the detection signal is input, the control device 136 receives the first one corresponding to the first air supply port 118 that communicates with the same outdoor side as the side where the exhaust port 164 of the exhaust duct 128 of the exhaust fan 130 is provided (the hallway side). The opening / closing means 122 is opened to allow air to flow through the first air supply port 118 (S32). Thereby, outdoor air flows through the opening 160, the first air supply port 118, and the opening 158 so that the air pressure in the room 142 in which the ventilation fan 130 is disposed approaches the outdoor air pressure on the corridor 146 side. I have to.
[0025]
Then, the control device 136 inputs the measured value of the differential pressure from the first and second differential pressure gauges 132 and 134 (S34), and the differential pressure of the first differential pressure gauge 132 is larger than the differential pressure of the second differential pressure gauge 134. Are compared (S36).
If the determination result in S36 is “N”, the air pressure on the corridor side is the same as or smaller than the air pressure on the balcony side, and there is no hindrance to exhaust by the ventilation fan 130, so the control operation is terminated.
If the determination result in S36 is “Y”, the air pressure on the corridor side is larger than the air pressure on the balcony side, and the exhaust fan 130 is not exhausted sufficiently, and an excessive load is applied to the exhaust fan 130, so an exhaust port 164 is provided. The second opening / closing means 124 corresponding to the second air supply port 120 that communicates with the same outdoor side as the side that is not connected (the balcony side) is closed (S38). This prevents air from flowing out from the second air supply port 120 to the outside of the balcony and reduces the atmospheric pressure to the outside, thereby ensuring the exhaust amount by the ventilation fan 130 and the load applied to the ventilation fan. Can be reduced.
[0026]
Next, the control device 136 again inputs the measured value of the differential pressure from the first and second differential pressure gauges 132 and 134 (S40), and the differential pressure of the first differential pressure gauge 132 is greater than the differential pressure of the second differential pressure gauge 134. Are also compared (S42).
If the determination result in S42 is “N”, the air pressure on the corridor side is the same as or smaller than the air pressure on the balcony side, and there is no hindrance to exhaust by the ventilation fan 130, so the control operation is terminated.
If the determination result of S42 is “Y”, it is still in the room that the air pressure on the corridor side is still higher than the air pressure on the balcony side, so that the alarm device is activated and the exhaust fan exhaust operation becomes insufficient. (S44), the control operation is terminated. A person in the room can take measures such as temporarily stopping the operation of the ventilation fan 130 by recognizing the situation by the alarm operation.
[0027]
According to the above-described operation, when the ventilation fan 130 is activated, the first air supply port 118 communicating with the same outdoor side as the side where the exhaust port 164 is opened is opened, whereby the ventilation fan 130 by the air supply duct 126 is opened. In addition to the air supply, air passing through the first air supply port 118 is sucked into the ventilation fan 130, so that a sufficient exhaust amount can be secured.
Moreover, by closing the 2nd air supply port 120 based on the comparison result of the differential pressure | voltage of a 1st, 2nd differential pressure gauge, the exhaust_gas | exhaustion amount by the ventilation fan 130 can be ensured, and the load concerning a ventilation fan can be reduced.
In addition, since it is determined from the comparison result of the differential pressures of the first and second differential pressure gauges that the exhaust amount by the ventilation fan 130 cannot be secured and an excessive load is applied to the ventilation fan, the fact is notified by an alarm device. It is possible to take measures such as temporarily stopping the operation of the ventilation fan.
[0028]
Next, another operation of the pressure difference adjusting device will be described.
For example, when rain wind blows against the balcony door 156, if the indoor air pressure is low relative to the outside, even if the balcony door 156 is closed, the rain is from the gap between the balcony door 156 and the balcony opening 154. There is a risk of entering the room.
In such a case, the control device 136 determines whether or not the indoor atmospheric pressure is lower than the outdoor based on the measurement value of the differential pressure of the second differential pressure gauge 134, and the determination result is positive. For example, the second opening / closing means 124 may be opened to reduce the indoor / outdoor differential pressure. By reducing the pressure difference inside and outside the room, rain can be prevented from entering the room through the gap between the balcony door 156 and the balcony opening 154.
[0029]
In the above-described embodiment, the outdoor air flows into the room through the first air supply port 118 by the exhaust operation of the ventilation fan 130. For this reason, in winter, low-temperature air enters the room being heated, which is not preferable.
Therefore, it is desirable to provide temperature control means for adjusting the temperature of the air flowing into the room. Such temperature control means can be constituted by, for example, a heater for heating air and a thermostat for controlling the operation of the heater. Further, the location where the temperature control means is provided may be a location between the first air supply port 118 and the opening 158 of the indoor ceiling back space 138 or a portion of the gallery 158A on the first air supply port 118 side.
[0030]
Conventionally, when the air pressure difference between indoors and outdoors is different between the upper and lower floors as in a high-rise apartment, an air supply port that communicates indoors and outdoors is provided to try to alleviate the air pressure difference between indoors and outdoors. At that time, since the atmospheric pressure difference between the room and the room differs depending on the floor (height), it is necessary to adjust the opening area of the air supply port communicating between the room and the outside depending on the floor.
In contrast, the pressure difference adjusting device of the present invention is configured to control the opening and closing of the first and second air supply ports according to the pressure difference between the inside and outside of the room to reduce the pressure difference between the inside and outside the room. There is an advantage that there is no need to adjust the opening area of the air supply port.
The device of the present invention can also be used in combination with a front door provided with a pressure adjusting door that opens and closes in conjunction with the operation of a knob conventionally used. In this case, the opening area of the pressure adjusting door can be arbitrarily set by setting the effective opening areas of the first and second air supply ports in accordance with the effective opening area of the opening that opens and closes the pressure adjusting door. It is possible to set to the size of.
[0031]
【The invention's effect】
The apparatus of the present invention includes a door opening that allows communication between the interior and the exterior, a door that opens and closes the door opening, a balcony opening that allows communication between the room and the outdoors, and a balcony door that opens and closes the balcony opening. The entrance opening and the balcony opening are disposed in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other through a room, and air is circulated between the room and the outdoors so that the room interior and the room outdoor. The first and second air supply ports, the first and second opening / closing means, the first and second differential pressure gauges, and the control means, The first air supply port is configured to communicate between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the entrance opening, and the second air supply port is configured to communicate between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the balcony opening, One opening and closing means is configured to open and close the first air supply port. The second opening / closing means is configured to open and close the second air supply port, and the first differential pressure gauge measures a differential pressure which is a difference in atmospheric pressure between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the entrance opening. And the second differential pressure gauge is configured to measure a differential pressure that is a difference between an indoor pressure and an outdoor pressure in the vicinity of the balcony opening, and the control means is measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges. Based on the differential pressure, the opening / closing control of the first and second opening / closing means is performed such that the pressure difference between the room and the outside is reduced.
Therefore, on the basis of the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges, the first and second opening / closing means are controlled to be opened and closed so that the pressure difference between the room and the outside is reduced. The flow of air through the second air supply port is controlled. Therefore, the pressure difference between the room and the room is effectively reduced.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram showing a configuration of an embodiment of a pressure difference adjusting device according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a flowchart illustrating control when the entrance door is opened in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is a flowchart illustrating control during operation of the ventilation fan in the embodiment.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Building 118 1st air supply opening 120 2nd air supply opening 122 1st opening / closing means 124 2nd opening / closing means 132 1st differential pressure gauge 134 2nd differential pressure gauge 136 Control apparatus (control means)
148 Entrance opening 150 Entrance door 154 Balcony opening 156 Balcony door

Claims

An entrance opening that communicates the interior and the exterior; an entrance door that opens and closes the entrance opening; a balcony opening that communicates the interior and the exterior; and a balcony door that opens and closes the balcony opening. An opening and the balcony opening are arranged in a building configured to be able to communicate with each other through a room, and air pressure is circulated between the room and the outdoors, thereby reducing the pressure difference between the room and the room. A pressure difference adjusting device that
First and second air supply ports, first and second opening / closing means, first and second differential pressure gauges, and control means,
The first air supply port is configured to communicate between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the entrance opening,
The second air supply port is configured to communicate the indoor and outdoor areas in the vicinity of the balcony opening, and the first opening / closing means is configured to open and close the first air supply port,
The second opening / closing means is configured to open and close the second air supply port,
The first differential pressure gauge is configured to measure a differential pressure that is a difference in atmospheric pressure between the room and the outdoor in the vicinity of the entrance opening,
The second differential pressure gauge is configured to measure a differential pressure that is a difference in atmospheric pressure between the indoor and outdoor areas near the balcony opening,
The control means performs opening / closing control of the first and second opening / closing means so as to reduce a pressure difference between the room and the outside based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges. There line,
A door opening detection means for detecting that the knob of the entrance door has been opened is provided.
The control means is configured to open the first opening / closing means and close the second opening / closing means when the door opening detection means detects an opening operation of the entrance door.
A pressure difference adjusting device characterized by that.

There is provided an entrance door alarm means for performing an alarm operation for giving a warning accompanying opening of the entrance door to a person who is at least one of the room and the vicinity of the entrance door, and the control means includes the first opening and closing means. After the opening and closing of the second opening / closing means, the entrance door alarm means is operated based on the differential pressure value measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges. The air pressure difference adjusting device according to claim 1 .

The control means is configured to operate the entrance door alarm means based on the fact that the differential pressure of the first differential pressure gauge is equal to or greater than a predetermined value, and the alarm operation of the entrance door alarm means is negative for the entrance door. The pressure difference adjusting device according to claim 2, wherein a warning is given to the effect that the pressure is difficult to open.

The control means is configured to operate the entrance door alarm means based on the fact that the differential pressure of the first differential pressure gauge is not less than a predetermined value and the differential pressure of the second differential pressure gauge is substantially zero. 3. The atmospheric pressure according to claim 2 , wherein the alarm operation of the entrance door alarm means warns that strong wind may pass through the entrance opening and the balcony opening by opening the entrance door. Difference adjustment device.

A ventilation fan, a ventilation fan operation detecting means, and an exhaust duct are provided, the ventilation fan is configured to exhaust indoor air to the outside, and the ventilation fan operation detection means is configured to detect the operation of the ventilation fan, The exhaust duct is configured to guide the air exhausted by the ventilation fan from an indoor to an exhaust port provided at a location facing either the outdoor near the entrance opening or the outdoor near the balcony opening, When the ventilating fan operation detecting means detects the operation of the ventilating fan, the control unit is configured to communicate with the outside of the first and second air supply ports on the same side as the side where the exhaust port is provided. The opening / closing means corresponding to the above is opened, and then, based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges, the differential pressure inside and outside the indoor side on the side where the exhaust port is provided and the exhaust port When the differential pressure on the side where the exhaust port is provided is compared with the differential pressure inside and outside the side where the exhaust port is not provided, the exhaust of the first and second air supply ports is determined. Write the switching means any one claim 1 to 4, characterized in that it is configured to close the corresponding to the air supply port communicating with the same exterior as the side where the mouth is not provided Pressure difference adjustment device.

Ventilation fan alarm means configured to notify a person in the room that exhaust operation of the ventilation fan is insufficient is provided, and the control means includes the exhaust gas in the first and second air supply ports. After closing the air supply port that communicates with the outside of the side on which the port is not provided, the side on which the exhaust port is provided is based on the differential pressure measured by the first and second differential pressure gauges. The outdoor air pressure is compared with the outdoor air pressure on the side where the exhaust port is not provided, and when it is determined that the outdoor air pressure on the side where the exhaust port is provided is still high, the ventilation fan alarm means is operated. 6. A pressure difference adjusting device according to claim 5 , wherein the pressure difference adjusting device is configured to cause the pressure difference to be adjusted.

The air pressure adjusting device according to claim 6, further comprising temperature control means for adjusting a temperature of air flowing into the room from the first and second air supply ports.

8. The atmospheric pressure adjusting apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the temperature control means includes a heater for heating air and a thermostat for controlling the operation of the heater.