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JP4155692B2 - Hybrid catalytic combustion device - Google Patents
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JP4155692B2 - Hybrid catalytic combustion device - Google Patents

Hybrid catalytic combustion device Download PDF

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JP4155692B2
JP4155692B2 JP2000066393A JP2000066393A JP4155692B2 JP 4155692 B2 JP4155692 B2 JP 4155692B2 JP 2000066393 A JP2000066393 A JP 2000066393A JP 2000066393 A JP2000066393 A JP 2000066393A JP 4155692 B2 JP4155692 B2 JP 4155692B2
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combustion
gas
inner cylinder
gas phase
heat
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JP2001254907A (en
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博己 貞森
哲也 平岡
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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Osaka Gas Co Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/14Combined heat and power generation [CHP]
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E20/00Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
    • Y02E20/34Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery

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  • Gas Burners (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、燃焼用空気と燃料との混合気を通過させて前記燃料の一部を触媒接触酸化させる燃焼触媒部と、前記燃焼触媒部の前記混合気流れ方向の下流側に設けられ前記燃料の残部を気相燃焼させる気相燃焼部とを備えたハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
家庭用室内開放型温風暖房機、コージェネレーション、発電用ガスタービンの燃焼器等、高空気比で作動される機器にあっては、高空気比における燃焼安定性の向上によって、大幅な低NOx化が図られる可能性がある。一方、これらの機器にあっては、一層の低NOx化の要望がある。中でも、家庭用室内開放型温風暖房機は生活空間に直接排気を放出しているので、NOx1ppm(酸素0%)以下の極限までの低NOx化が望まれている。
燃焼流路内に、燃焼触媒を充填した燃焼触媒部と、それに続く気相燃焼部とを設け、断熱理論燃焼温度1500℃以下(空気比約1.6以上)の燃料と燃焼用空気の混合気を、燃焼触媒部で部分的に接触酸化燃焼させ、その後流で気相酸化を誘発して完全燃焼させる方式 (ハイブリッド触媒燃焼方式と称される。)が、超低NOx達成の手段として提案されている(特表平6−506290号)。
【0003】
このような燃焼方式を採用したハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置は、燃焼触媒部で部分的に燃焼させる手段として、触媒活性物質を燃料であるメタンに対して最も低温活性が高く、高温で自己反応抑制作用のあるパラジウムを主体とすること、更に、金属ハニカムを触媒基体として、触媒コート層(セル)とコートしない層(セル)とを隣接させ、触媒接触酸化による発熱を連接の無触媒層を通過する混合気と熱交換させ、物理的に過昇温を防止すること等の手段により、燃焼触媒部内にある触媒層では20〜70%が接触酸化され、触媒温度は600〜950℃とされる。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
家庭用暖房機へ用いる燃焼装置においては、ガスタービンへ用いるものと異なって、燃焼装置へ導入される空気を予め加温することが困難で、又、燃焼装置から排出される燃焼排ガス温度は100℃程度でも充分高温である。一方、ハイブリッド触媒燃焼を行うためには触媒に導入される燃料と空気の混合ガス温度は燃料の種類に依存するが200〜500℃に予熱されている必要がある。
従って、このような燃焼装置において自立燃焼を行うためには、発生した高温の熱をその上流側へフィードバックする必要が有る。フィードバックする熱が多ければ多いほど、燃焼装置自体はより高空気比で運転でき、燃焼反応のピーク温度を下げることにより、一層の低NOx化を実現できる。
【0005】
又、従来の家庭用暖房機への応用を目指したハイブリッド燃焼装置は触媒酸化が比較的容易な灯油系液体燃料用を意図したものである。
このような燃焼装置を触媒酸化活性が最も低いメタンを主成分とする都市ガス、天然ガス系燃料へは応用し難い問題があった。つまり都市ガス、天然ガス系燃料に応用する場合には、触媒へ導入される混合ガスの予熱温度は灯油系液体燃料のそれに比べて100〜200℃高く設定する必要がある。このために、混合気の予熱を大きくするために大きい熱交換器を取り付けた場合、その圧力損失や燃焼装置自体の増大化の問題が生じ、そのために触媒及び気相燃焼部を更にコンパクトに設計する必要があり、上記の混合ガス側の熱交換器のみでの熱移動では充分でなく、必要な予熱を達成できない。
従って、主として都市ガス、天然ガス系燃料に応用する燃焼装置は、更に改良した燃焼装置構造の開発が必要であった。
【0006】
よって、本発明は、このような事情に鑑みて、燃焼安定性に優れた、超低NOxのハイブリッド燃焼を実現する技術を得ることを目的とする。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
請求項1に係る本発明のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置の特徴・作用・効果は次の通りである。
【0008】
〔特徴〕
本発明の特徴構成は、燃焼用空気と燃料との混合気を通過させて前記燃料の一部を触媒接触酸化させる燃焼触媒部と、前記燃焼触媒部の前記混合気流れ方向の下流側に設けられ前記燃料の残部を気相燃焼させる気相燃焼部とを備えたハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置であって、
一方の端部の内側に前記燃焼触媒部を設けた内筒と、前記内筒を全方向から外囲して設けられて前記内筒との間に前記気相燃焼部を形成し、前記気相燃焼後の燃焼排ガスを排出する排出口を有する外筒とを備え、
前記外筒側から前記内筒内に混合気を供給する混合気流路と、前記内筒内に供給される混合気を予熱する予熱部とを前記内筒内に設けて構成されるとともに、
前記気相燃焼部は折り返し構造に形成されて、前記燃焼触媒部における流れ方向と、前記気相燃焼部における流れ方向とが逆方向とされ、
前記気相燃焼部に、前記混合気流れの横断方向にわたって配設され、通気性を有すると共に気体の顕熱を輻射熱に変換する気相燃焼部伝熱変換体を備え、
前記気相燃焼部伝熱変換体が、前記燃焼触媒部の入口部に相当する内筒の位置に対して、前記気相燃焼部における混合気流れ方向の下流側に位置づけられて、前記燃焼触媒部の上流側に前記輻射熱を放出する点にある。
【0009】
〔作用・効果〕
本構成のごとく、内筒の一方の端部の内側に燃焼触媒部を設け、その内筒と内筒全体を囲うように設けられた外筒との間の空間を気相燃焼部とすることで、燃焼触媒部において一部燃料を燃焼させた混合気は、内筒の端部から放出されてその内筒の回りに形成される気相燃焼部に導入され、燃料の残部を気相燃焼させることができ、その気相燃焼によって直接的に、内筒の外表面及び燃焼触媒部を加熱することができ、外部への熱損失を抑制することができる。
さらに、本構成において、内筒の内部には、予熱部が設けられているので、混合部及び予熱部を流通する混合気は、形成されてからすぐに気相燃焼によって加熱された内筒によって加熱されることになり、充分に予熱した混合気を燃焼触媒部へ供給することができる。
よって、簡単な構成で、気相燃焼部の熱をその上流側へ充分にフィードバックすることができ、空気比を高めて超低NOx化を実現できるハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置を構成することができる。
また、上記のように、内筒と外筒によって構成されたハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置において、本構成のごとく、気相燃焼部は折り返し構造に形成されて、燃焼触媒部における流れ方向と、気相燃焼部における流れ方向とが逆方向とされ、気相燃焼部の中間位置である燃焼触媒部の入口部に相当する内筒の位置に対して、気相燃焼部における混合気流れ方向の下流側に位置づけて気相燃焼部伝熱変換体を設けることで、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体は、気相燃焼部において燃焼排ガスの顕熱を輻射熱に変換してその上流側に放射するので、気相燃焼部及びその上流側の燃焼を安定させることができる。
つまり、このようなハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置において、低負荷燃焼を行う場合、気相燃焼は燃焼触媒部の後流の小さい空間で完了するが、燃焼発熱量が低い分、燃焼系の放熱損失の割合が大きくなり特に気相燃焼部の気相燃焼が不安定となりやすいが、本構成の気相燃焼部伝熱変換体を、例えば気相燃焼部を上流側と下流側に区切る板状体として排出口に対して離間させて設けて、その上流側に熱を輻射熱に変換してフィードバックさせることで、低負荷燃焼時における燃焼系からの放熱割合を減らせることができ、気相燃焼を安定させることができるので、幅広い燃焼負荷のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置を実現することができる。
さらに、本構成のごとく、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体の配設位置を上記の位置とすることで、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体から燃焼触媒部の上流側へ放射される輻射熱によって、燃焼触媒部及び気相燃焼部からなる燃焼系全体が熱のフィードバックを常に受けることができ、低負荷燃焼時においても安定な燃焼を達成することができる。
【0016】
請求項に係る本発明のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置の特徴・作用・効果は次の通りである。
【0017】
〔特徴〕
上記請求項1に係る本発明のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置において、前記排出口に、通気性を有すると共に気体の顕熱を輻射熱に変換して前記内筒側に放出する排出部伝熱変換体を備える。
【0018】
〔作用・効果〕
本構成のごとく、例えば内筒の混合気流路に対向する外筒に設けられた排出口に、排出部伝熱変換体を設けることで、その排出部伝熱変換体は、気相燃焼部から外部へ排出される燃焼排ガスの顕熱を輻射熱に変換してその上流側、即ち、内筒の混合気流路を設けた外壁面に放射することができ、その内筒をさらに加熱して混合気の予熱温度を一層高めることができる。また、その排気部伝熱変換体から放射される輻射熱によって、気相燃焼部の放熱損失を低減することができるので、気相燃焼部における燃焼を安定させることもできる。
よって、混合気の予熱を充分にでき、かつ広い燃焼負荷範囲において安定した燃焼を実現できるハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置を構成することができる。
【0019】
請求項に係る本発明のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置の特徴・作用・効果は次の通りである。
【0020】
〔特徴〕
上記請求項1又は2に係る本発明のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置において、前記予熱部に、前記内筒から前記内筒内を流通する混合気への伝熱を促進する熱交換用フィンを備える。
【0021】
〔作用・効果〕
上記のように、予熱部に、内筒から内筒内を流通する混合気への伝熱を促進する熱交換用フィンを設けることで、気相燃焼部の気相燃焼によって加熱された内筒の熱を良好に予熱部の混合気に伝熱することができ、燃焼触媒部に供給する混合気を一層加熱することができる。
よって、一層の高空気比低NOxのハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置を実現することができる。
【0028】
【発明の実施の形態】
本発明の実施の形態として、天然ガス系都市ガスを燃料ガスGとする燃焼装置50及びその燃焼装置50を備えたファンヒータ100について図面に基づいて説明する。
図1は本発明に係る燃焼装置50を備えたファンヒータ100の全体概略図、図2は図1に示す燃焼装置50の側断面概略図、図3は燃焼装置50に備えられた熱交換フィンの拡大斜視図である。
【0029】
図1、2を参照して、燃焼装置50には、燃料ガスGの一部を触媒接触酸化させる燃焼触媒部11と、燃料ガスGの残部を気相燃焼させる気相燃焼部12とによって構成されたハイブリッド触媒燃焼方式の燃焼装置である。
燃焼装置50には、後に説明する燃焼用ファン1aによって供給される燃焼用空気Aと燃料遮断弁3及び比例制御弁2を介して供給される燃料ガスGとを混合して予混合気を形成する混合気流路4と、混合気流路4から送られる予混合気を予熱する予熱部18と、前記燃焼触媒部11とを設けた内筒20と、その内筒20の外周全体を囲う外筒22とを設けて、燃焼触媒部11の後流に気相燃焼部12を設けると共に、燃焼で発生する熱を上流側へ熱再生できるように構成している。
予熱部18には内筒20の内壁に接し混合気の流れ方向と直角方向に板面を有する熱交換フィン19が複数設けられている。熱交換フィン19は、図3に示すように、互いに開口19cの穿設状態が異なる2種類のSUS製のパンチングメタル19a,19bを2枚づつ交互に配設して構成されてものであり、予熱部18を流通する混合気は、その熱交換フィン19の開口19cを通過しながら、気相燃焼部12の気相燃焼によって加熱された内筒20の熱をこの熱交換フィン19を介して受熱し、好ましい状態に加熱される。
燃焼触媒部11は内筒20の先端部に取付けられており、有効寸法、幅85mm、奥行き20mm、層高20mmの角形である。
【0030】
燃焼触媒部11は、波形の金属シートからなる支持体の片側に高比表面積を有する担体層を形成し、その担体層にパラジウム若しくは白金系触媒、又はそれを主成分として、銀、金、白金、パラジウム、ルテニウム、イリジウムまたはロジウムから選択される一つまたはそれ以上の補助触媒を包含する触媒を塗布して焼成した後、支持体を螺旋状に巻き上げハニカム状に成形したものである。このように形成された燃焼触媒部11では、片面のみに触媒をコートしたセルの集合体として形成されるので、触媒コート面で触媒燃焼によって発生する熱は、反対面の触媒がコートされていない面に熱伝導され混合気へ熱伝達される。こうして、触媒温度は断熱理論燃焼温度が1500℃の混合気を燃焼する場合でも、燃焼率は50%以下に抑制され、触媒温度も最高950℃以下に抑制され、触媒の劣化が抑制される。
【0031】
内筒20の外面は金属の熱保護と過度な熱伝達を抑制し燃焼を安定化するために厚み6mm以下の保温層が設けられている。また、燃焼触媒部11の出口部直後の温度を検出する温度センサ21が備えられ、その出力値を制御装置30に送るように構成されている。
外筒22は内筒20の、燃焼触媒部11の上方、周辺部、混合気流路4の下方からそれぞれ約20mm程度の間隙を有して、内筒20を囲っており、両者の間隙が気相燃焼室12となっている。
外筒22の下部には、熱を上流側へ輻射熱して戻すために、幅25mm、長さ130mm、厚み12mmの排出部伝熱変換体14を組み込み、上流側の面を内筒20の混合気流路4に対向するように排気口15を備えており、この排出部伝熱変換体14は、気相燃焼部12から外部へ排出される燃焼排ガスの顕熱を輻射熱に変換してその上流側、即ち、気相燃焼部12と内筒20の混合気流路4を設けた外壁面とに放射することができる。
また、内筒20の燃焼触媒部11の入口部に相当する気相燃焼部12の位置から、混合気流路4に相当する気相燃焼部12の位置までの範囲内である内筒20の上縁から50mmの位置に、気相燃焼部12の流路断面全体にわたって、厚み12mmの気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16がセットされている。この気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16は、気相燃焼部12において燃焼排ガスの顕熱を輻射熱に変換してその上流側の放射するのであるが、特に、低負荷燃焼を行う場合、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16の上流側の空間に熱を輻射熱に変換してフィードバックさせることで、高温の対流熱損失を抑制することができ、安定した気相燃焼を行うことができる。
伝熱変換体14,16はセル数6ケ/25mm、見かけ比重0.43、厚み12mmのアルミナーコーデイエライト製セラミックフォームである。
【0032】
気相燃焼部12は触媒燃焼によって部分的に燃焼し昇温された未燃焼の燃料が気相ラジカル反応によって完全燃焼されるに必要な滞留時間を確保する空間である。外筒22の内側には断熱部材が設置されており、気相燃焼部12は折り返し構造となっている。気相燃焼部12の折り返し部分に、混合気に火花点火し燃焼を開始するためのイグナイタ23、更に、気相反応の状況を観測するための温度センサ24が備えられている。
【0033】
次に、ファンヒータ100に備えられたファン装置1について説明する。
図1を参照して、ファンヒータ100に備えられたファン装置1は、燃焼装置50の混合部に燃焼用の空気A(第1気体の一例)を供給するための燃焼用ファン1aと、排気口15から排出される燃焼排ガスEを空気Aによって希釈して暖房用温風H(第2気体の一例)として外部へ排出するための対流用ファン1bとを同じ回転軸1c上に並設して備え、モータ1dによって回転軸1cを回転させて両ファン1a,1bを回転させるように構成されている。
また、燃焼用ファン1aは、燃焼装置50における圧損等を考慮して、最大送風量0.2m3 /min、最大静圧250Pa(25mmH2 O)が得られるシロッコ型のファンであり、対流用ファン1bは、送風量及び暖房用温風の排出状態を考慮して、最大送風量2.7m3 /minが得られるクロスフロー型のファンである。モータ1dは交流100Vで13段階で風力が切り換えられるものとした。
【0034】
また、燃料遮断弁3、イグナイダ23及びその高圧電源は市販のファンヒータに備え付けられているものと同じ物を使用した。
制御装置30として外部設置のパソコンを利用して燃焼の自動制御とデータ収録を行った。
【0035】
次に、上記ファンヒータ100において、燃焼テストを行った結果を説明する。
燃焼テストはメタンを主成分とし発熱量46MJ/m3 (Normal)(11000kcal/m3 (Normal))の市中供給の天然ガス系都市ガスを用いて行った。排気は対流用ファン1bの出口にて吸引サンプリングし、全炭化水素、CO,CO2、NOxを分析した。
燃焼自動制御では、制御装置30において、まず、ファン装置1のモータ1dの駆動電圧Vを48Vとして駆動し、イグナイタ23をON状態にて、ガス遮断弁3を開にし、比例制御弁2に燃焼量3kW(2600kcal/h)に相当する初期動力を与える。
【0036】
気相燃焼室12における着火を気相燃焼部12の温度センサー24にて検知した後、イグナイタ23の電源をOFFにし、燃焼触媒部11の出口側温度T11を検出する温度センサ21の検出結果に基づいてファン装置1のモータ1dの駆動電圧Vを次式に従って上昇させる。
【0037】
【数1】
Va[V]=0.0097×T11[℃]+9.3
【0038】
次に、温度センサ21の出力値である燃焼触媒部11の出口側温度T11が第1段目の目標出力値である400℃に到達した時点で、ファン装置1のモータ1dの駆動電圧の関数を次式に変更してさらに上昇した。尚、温度センサ21の出力値が400℃に到達した時点での混合気の空気比は1.6程度である。
【0039】
【数2】
Va[V]=0.009×T11[℃]+9.6
【0040】
次に、温度センサ21の出力値である燃焼触媒部11の出口側温度T11が第2段目の目標出力値である780℃に到達した時点で、温度T11を780℃に保持するようにファン装置1のモータ1dの駆動電圧の制御をフィードバック制御に切り換えた定常のハイブリッド燃焼に至らしめた。尚、温度センサ21の出力値が780℃に到達した時点での混合気の空気比は1.9程度である。
【0041】
均一な気相燃焼による燃焼開始後、熱再生によって触媒が予熱され約4分後に燃焼触媒部11において触媒燃焼が開始され、ハイブリッド触媒燃焼に移行し、6分後には超低NOx定常ハイブリッド触媒燃焼に至った。燃焼開始から定常までの最大のCO濃度は5ppm、未燃の炭化水素濃度は30ppm、NOx濃度は0.7ppmであった。
【0042】
この後、比例制御弁2を働かせて、燃焼量を4kWから0.7k Wまで(3500kcal/hから600kcal/hまで)変化させて燃焼を行った。燃焼触媒部11の出口側温度T11の制御温度は760℃から840℃であり、ファン装置1のモータ1dの駆動電圧は100Vから40Vに変化した。
【0043】
これらの燃焼は非常に安定であり、未燃の炭化水素、COはいずれも5ppm以下、CO2 は0.45%から0.26%であり、完全酸化率は99.5%以上であった。NOxは0.1から0.04ppmであり、NOxの理論乾きガス換算濃度(酸素0%濃度)は1.5ppmからほぼゼロであった。
【0044】
〔比較例1〕
次に第1の比較例として、上記の燃焼装置50とほぼ同じ構成の燃焼装置において、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16を取り外して、上記同じ条件下において燃焼テストを行った。この場合、低負荷燃焼において、0.8k W(700kcal/h)までの燃焼は可能であったが、0.7k W(600kcal/h)迄の燃焼持続はできなかった。よって、本発明においては、気相燃焼部12に設けた気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16によって、高温の対流熱損失を抑制することで、低負荷燃焼時において燃焼を安定させることができることがわかる。
【0045】
〔比較例2〕
次に第2の比較例として、上記の燃焼装置50とほぼ同じ構成の燃焼装置において、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16を、内筒20の上縁、即ち燃焼触媒部11と同じ高さの位置に設けて、上記同じ条件下において燃焼テストを行った。この場合、燃焼開始時に臭い匂いが発生し、均一の気相燃焼を阻害する傾向に有ることがわかった。また、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16を内筒20の燃焼触媒部11の入口部の少し下方の内筒20の上縁から25mmの位置に設けると、その匂いの発生はなく、上記実施例と同様の燃焼性能及びNOx抑制性能を確認できた。よって、本発明において、気相燃焼部伝熱変換体16は、内筒20の燃焼触媒部11の入口部に相当する気相燃焼部12の位置から、混合気流路4に相当する気相燃焼部12の位置までの範囲内に設けることが好ましいといえる。
【0046】
また、本発明に係るハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置は、天然ガス系都市ガスに限らず、LPG、灯油気化ガス、各種燃料ガスに適用できる。
【0047】
【発明の効果】
本発明のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置をファンヒータの燃焼装置として設けることで、シンプルな構造で、市販のファンヒータと同様の燃焼範囲を可能とし、特に、使用時間の長い低負荷燃焼領域での燃焼安定性を達成し、NOxの大幅な抑制が可能であるハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置を構成することができた。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】本発明に係る燃焼装置を備えたファンヒータの全体概略図
【図2】図1に示す燃焼装置の側断面概略図
【図3】熱交換フィンの拡大斜視図
【符号の説明】
1 ファン装置
1a 燃焼用ファン
1b 対流用ファン
1c 回転軸
1d モータ
4 混合気流路
11 燃焼触媒部
12 気相燃焼部
14 排出部伝熱変換体
15 排出口
16 気相燃焼部伝熱変換体
19 熱交換用フィン
18 予熱部
20 内筒
22 外筒
50 燃焼装置
100 ファンヒータ
A 空気
E 燃焼排ガス
H 暖房用温風
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is directed to a combustion catalyst unit for catalytically oxidizing a part of the fuel by passing a mixture of combustion air and fuel, and the fuel provided on the downstream side of the combustion catalyst unit in the mixture flow direction. The present invention relates to a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus including a gas phase combustion section for burning the remainder of the gas phase.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Equipment that operates at high air ratios, such as indoor open-air hot air heaters for home use, cogeneration, and gas turbine combustors for power generation, can achieve significantly lower NOx by improving combustion stability at high air ratios. May be achieved. On the other hand, in these devices, there is a demand for further NOx reduction. Among them, indoor open-air hot air heaters for home use emit exhaust directly into the living space, and therefore NOx reduction to the limit of NOx 1 ppm (oxygen 0%) or less is desired.
A combustion catalyst section filled with a combustion catalyst and a gas phase combustion section following the combustion catalyst are provided in the combustion flow path, and fuel and combustion air are mixed at a theoretical adiabatic combustion temperature of 1500 ° C. or lower (air ratio of about 1.6 or higher). Proposed as a means to achieve ultra-low NOx is a method that partially burns catalytically oxidatively in the combustion catalyst section and induces gas-phase oxidation in the downstream to complete combustion (referred to as a hybrid catalytic combustion method). (Special Table No. 6-506290).
[0003]
A hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus that employs such a combustion system is a means of partially combusting in the combustion catalyst section. Consisting of palladium as a main component, and using a metal honeycomb as a catalyst substrate, a catalyst coated layer (cell) and an uncoated layer (cell) are adjacent to each other, and heat generated by catalytic contact oxidation passes through a continuous non-catalytic layer. The catalyst layer in the combustion catalyst section is 20-70% catalytically oxidized and the catalyst temperature is set to 600-950 ° C. by means such as heat exchange with gas and physically preventing overheating.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In a combustion apparatus used for a domestic heater, unlike that used for a gas turbine, it is difficult to preheat the air introduced into the combustion apparatus, and the combustion exhaust gas temperature discharged from the combustion apparatus is 100. It is sufficiently high even at about ℃. On the other hand, in order to perform hybrid catalytic combustion, the temperature of the mixed gas of fuel and air introduced into the catalyst needs to be preheated to 200 to 500 ° C. depending on the type of fuel.
Therefore, in order to perform self-sustained combustion in such a combustion apparatus, it is necessary to feed back the generated high-temperature heat to the upstream side. The more heat that is fed back, the more the combustion apparatus itself can be operated at a higher air ratio, and lower NOx can be achieved by lowering the peak temperature of the combustion reaction.
[0005]
Moreover, the conventional hybrid combustion apparatus aimed at application to a domestic heater is intended for kerosene-based liquid fuel that is relatively easy to oxidize.
There is a problem that it is difficult to apply such a combustion apparatus to city gas and natural gas fuel mainly composed of methane having the lowest catalytic oxidation activity. That is, when applied to city gas or natural gas fuel, the preheating temperature of the mixed gas introduced into the catalyst needs to be set 100 to 200 ° C. higher than that of the kerosene liquid fuel. For this reason, when a large heat exchanger is installed to increase the preheating of the air-fuel mixture, there will be problems of pressure loss and an increase in the combustion device itself. For this reason, the catalyst and the gas phase combustion section are designed to be more compact. Therefore, heat transfer using only the heat exchanger on the mixed gas side is not sufficient, and the necessary preheating cannot be achieved.
Therefore, a combustion apparatus mainly applied to city gas and natural gas fuels needs to develop a further improved combustion apparatus structure.
[0006]
Therefore, in view of such circumstances, an object of the present invention is to obtain a technique for realizing ultra-low NOx hybrid combustion excellent in combustion stability.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The features / actions / effects of the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus of the present invention according to claim 1 are as follows.
[0008]
〔Characteristic〕
A characteristic configuration of the present invention includes a combustion catalyst unit that allows a mixture of combustion air and fuel to pass through and catalytically oxidizes a part of the fuel, and a downstream side of the combustion catalyst unit in the mixture flow direction. A hybrid catalytic combustion device comprising a gas phase combustion section for burning the remainder of the fuel in a gas phase,
The gas phase combustion section is formed between the inner cylinder provided with the combustion catalyst section inside one end and the inner cylinder that surrounds the inner cylinder from all directions, and the gas An outer cylinder having a discharge port for discharging combustion exhaust gas after phase combustion,
An air-fuel mixture flow path for supplying air-fuel mixture into the inner cylinder from the outer cylinder side and a preheating portion for preheating the air-fuel mixture supplied into the inner cylinder are provided in the inner cylinder, and
The gas phase combustion part is formed in a folded structure, and the flow direction in the combustion catalyst part is opposite to the flow direction in the gas phase combustion part,
The gas phase combustion section includes a gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter that is disposed in the transverse direction of the mixture flow and has gas permeability and converts sensible heat of the gas into radiant heat,
The gas phase combustion part heat transfer converter is positioned downstream of the position of the inner cylinder corresponding to the inlet part of the combustion catalyst part in the gas mixture combustion direction in the gas mixture combustion part, and the combustion catalyst It is in the point which discharge | releases the said radiant heat to the upstream of a part.
[0009]
[Action / Effect]
As in this configuration, a combustion catalyst part is provided inside one end of the inner cylinder, and a space between the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder provided so as to surround the entire inner cylinder is a gas phase combustion part. Thus, the air-fuel mixture obtained by burning part of the fuel in the combustion catalyst section is discharged from the end of the inner cylinder and introduced into the gas phase combustion section formed around the inner cylinder, and the remainder of the fuel is combusted in the gas phase The outer surface of the inner cylinder and the combustion catalyst portion can be directly heated by the vapor phase combustion, and heat loss to the outside can be suppressed.
Further, in this configuration, since the preheating part is provided inside the inner cylinder, the mixture flowing through the mixing part and the preheating part is immediately formed by the inner cylinder heated by vapor phase combustion. The air-fuel mixture that is heated and sufficiently preheated can be supplied to the combustion catalyst section.
Therefore, with a simple configuration, it is possible to sufficiently feed back the heat of the gas phase combustion section to the upstream side thereof, and it is possible to configure a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus that can increase the air ratio and realize ultra-low NOx.
Further, as described above, in the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus configured by the inner cylinder and the outer cylinder, as in this configuration, the gas phase combustion section is formed in a folded structure, and the flow direction in the combustion catalyst section, the gas phase combustion, The flow direction in the part is opposite to the inner cylinder position corresponding to the inlet part of the combustion catalyst part, which is an intermediate position of the gas phase combustion part, and downstream of the gas mixture combustion direction in the gas phase combustion part By positioning and providing the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter, the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter converts the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas into radiant heat and radiates it upstream in the gas phase combustion section. The combustion in the phase combustion section and its upstream side can be stabilized.
That is, in such a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus, when performing low-load combustion, gas phase combustion is completed in a small space downstream of the combustion catalyst section, but the amount of combustion heat radiation loss is reduced by the low amount of combustion heat generation. In particular, the gas phase combustion in the gas phase combustion section tends to be unstable, but the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter of this configuration is discharged as, for example, a plate-like body that divides the gas phase combustion section into the upstream side and the downstream side. Provided separately from the outlet, heat is converted to radiant heat upstream and fed back to reduce the heat release rate from the combustion system during low-load combustion, thus stabilizing gas-phase combustion Therefore, a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus with a wide combustion load can be realized.
Furthermore, as in this configuration, by setting the position of the gas-phase combustion unit heat transfer converter to the above position, by the radiant heat radiated from the gas-phase combustion unit heat transfer converter to the upstream side of the combustion catalyst unit, The entire combustion system composed of the combustion catalyst section and the gas phase combustion section can always receive heat feedback, and stable combustion can be achieved even during low-load combustion.
[0016]
The features / actions / effects of the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus of the present invention according to claim 2 are as follows.
[0017]
〔Characteristic〕
In the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, the exhaust port is provided with a discharge portion heat transfer converter that has air permeability and converts sensible heat of gas into radiant heat and releases it to the inner cylinder side. .
[0018]
[Action / Effect]
As in this configuration, for example, by providing the discharge part heat transfer converter at the discharge port provided in the outer cylinder facing the mixture flow path of the inner cylinder, the discharge part heat transfer converter is removed from the gas phase combustion unit. The sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas discharged to the outside can be converted to radiant heat and radiated to the upstream side, that is, the outer wall surface provided with the mixture flow path of the inner cylinder. The preheating temperature can be further increased. Moreover, since the heat radiation loss of the gas phase combustion part can be reduced by the radiant heat radiated from the exhaust part heat transfer converter, combustion in the gas phase combustion part can be stabilized.
Accordingly, it is possible to configure a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus that can sufficiently preheat the air-fuel mixture and can realize stable combustion in a wide combustion load range.
[0019]
The features / actions / effects of the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus of the present invention according to claim 3 are as follows.
[0020]
〔Characteristic〕
In the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus of the present invention according to claim 1 or 2 , the preheating portion includes a heat exchange fin that promotes heat transfer from the inner cylinder to the mixture flowing in the inner cylinder.
[0021]
[Action / Effect]
As described above, the inner cylinder heated by the gas phase combustion of the gas phase combustion section is provided in the preheating section by providing the heat exchange fin for promoting the heat transfer from the inner cylinder to the air-fuel mixture flowing in the inner cylinder. This heat can be satisfactorily transferred to the air-fuel mixture in the preheating part, and the air-fuel mixture supplied to the combustion catalyst part can be further heated.
Therefore, it is possible to realize a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus with a further high air ratio and low NOx.
[0028]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
As an embodiment of the present invention, a combustion apparatus 50 using natural gas city gas as fuel gas G and a fan heater 100 equipped with the combustion apparatus 50 will be described with reference to the drawings.
1 is an overall schematic view of a fan heater 100 provided with a combustion apparatus 50 according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view of the combustion apparatus 50 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a heat exchange fin provided in the combustion apparatus 50. FIG.
[0029]
Referring to FIGS. 1 and 2, the combustion apparatus 50 includes a combustion catalyst unit 11 that catalytically oxidizes a part of the fuel gas G and a gas phase combustion unit 12 that vapor-combusts the remaining part of the fuel gas G. This is a hybrid catalytic combustion type combustion apparatus.
In the combustion device 50, a combustion air A supplied by a combustion fan 1a, which will be described later, and a fuel gas G supplied via a fuel cutoff valve 3 and a proportional control valve 2 are mixed to form a premixed gas. The inner cylinder 20 provided with the air-fuel mixture flow path 4, the preheating part 18 for preheating the pre-mixed gas sent from the air-fuel mixture flow path 4, and the combustion catalyst part 11, and the outer cylinder surrounding the entire outer periphery of the inner cylinder 20 22 and the gas phase combustion section 12 is provided downstream of the combustion catalyst section 11, and the heat generated by the combustion can be regenerated to the upstream side.
The preheating portion 18 is provided with a plurality of heat exchange fins 19 that are in contact with the inner wall of the inner cylinder 20 and have plate surfaces in a direction perpendicular to the flow direction of the air-fuel mixture. As shown in FIG. 3, the heat exchange fins 19 may be configured by alternately arranging two types of SUS punching metals 19 a and 19 b each having a different opening state of the opening 19 c. The air-fuel mixture flowing through the preheating unit 18 passes through the openings 19 c of the heat exchange fins 19, and heats the inner cylinder 20 heated by the gas phase combustion of the gas phase combustion unit 12 through the heat exchange fins 19. It receives heat and is heated to a preferred state.
The combustion catalyst portion 11 is attached to the tip portion of the inner cylinder 20 and has a square shape having an effective dimension, a width of 85 mm, a depth of 20 mm, and a layer height of 20 mm.
[0030]
The combustion catalyst unit 11 is formed with a carrier layer having a high specific surface area on one side of a support made of a corrugated metal sheet, and the carrier layer is composed of palladium or a platinum-based catalyst, or silver, gold, platinum as a main component. A catalyst containing one or more auxiliary catalysts selected from palladium, ruthenium, iridium or rhodium is applied and fired, and then the support is spirally wound and formed into a honeycomb shape. Since the combustion catalyst portion 11 formed in this way is formed as an assembly of cells coated with a catalyst only on one side, the heat generated by catalytic combustion on the catalyst coated surface is not coated with the catalyst on the opposite surface. Heat is conducted to the surface and transferred to the gas mixture. Thus, even when the catalyst temperature burns an air-fuel mixture having an adiabatic theoretical combustion temperature of 1500 ° C., the combustion rate is suppressed to 50% or less, the catalyst temperature is also suppressed to 950 ° C. or less, and deterioration of the catalyst is suppressed.
[0031]
The outer surface of the inner cylinder 20 is provided with a heat retaining layer having a thickness of 6 mm or less in order to stabilize the combustion by suppressing the heat protection of the metal and excessive heat transfer. Further, a temperature sensor 21 for detecting the temperature immediately after the outlet of the combustion catalyst unit 11 is provided, and the output value is sent to the control device 30.
The outer cylinder 22 surrounds the inner cylinder 20 with a gap of about 20 mm from the upper part of the inner cylinder 20 above the combustion catalyst part 11, the peripheral part, and the lower part of the air-fuel mixture flow path 4. A phase combustion chamber 12 is formed.
In the lower part of the outer cylinder 22, in order to return the heat by radiant heat to the upstream side, a discharge part heat transfer conversion body 14 having a width of 25 mm, a length of 130 mm and a thickness of 12 mm is incorporated, and the upstream surface is mixed with the inner cylinder 20. An exhaust port 15 is provided so as to face the air flow path 4, and this exhaust heat transfer converter 14 converts sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas discharged from the gas phase combustion unit 12 to the radiant heat and converts it upstream. It can radiate to the side, that is, the outer wall surface provided with the gas mixture combustion section 12 and the air-fuel mixture flow path 4 of the inner cylinder 20.
Further, the upper portion of the inner cylinder 20 within the range from the position of the gas phase combustion section 12 corresponding to the inlet portion of the combustion catalyst section 11 of the inner cylinder 20 to the position of the gas phase combustion section 12 corresponding to the air-fuel mixture flow path 4. A gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter 16 having a thickness of 12 mm is set over the entire flow path cross section of the gas phase combustion section 12 at a position 50 mm from the edge. This gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter 16 converts the sensible heat of the combustion exhaust gas into radiant heat in the gas phase combustion section 12 and radiates it upstream, especially when performing low load combustion. By converting the heat into radiant heat and feeding it back to the space upstream of the combustion section heat transfer converter 16, high-temperature convective heat loss can be suppressed, and stable gas phase combustion can be performed.
The heat transfer converters 14 and 16 are alumina cordierite ceramic foams having 6 cells / 25 mm cells, an apparent specific gravity of 0.43, and a thickness of 12 mm.
[0032]
The gas phase combustion section 12 is a space that secures a residence time necessary for the unburned fuel partially heated by catalytic combustion and heated to be completely burned by the gas phase radical reaction. A heat insulating member is installed inside the outer cylinder 22, and the gas phase combustion unit 12 has a folded structure. An igniter 23 for spark-igniting the air-fuel mixture to start combustion and a temperature sensor 24 for observing the state of the gas phase reaction are provided at the folded portion of the gas phase combustion section 12.
[0033]
Next, the fan device 1 provided in the fan heater 100 will be described.
Referring to FIG. 1, a fan device 1 provided in a fan heater 100 includes a combustion fan 1 a for supplying combustion air A (an example of a first gas) to a mixing unit of a combustion device 50, and an exhaust. A convection fan 1b for diluting the combustion exhaust gas E discharged from the port 15 with the air A and discharging it to the outside as warm air H for heating (an example of the second gas) is provided in parallel on the same rotating shaft 1c. The rotating shaft 1c is rotated by a motor 1d to rotate both fans 1a and 1b.
The combustion fan 1a is a sirocco fan that can obtain a maximum blown amount of 0.2 m 3 / min and a maximum static pressure of 250 Pa (25 mmH 2 O) in consideration of pressure loss in the combustion device 50, and is used for convection. The fan 1b is a cross flow type fan that can obtain a maximum air flow rate of 2.7 m 3 / min in consideration of the air flow rate and the discharge state of the warm air for heating. The motor 1d is assumed to be capable of switching wind power in 13 stages with an AC of 100V.
[0034]
The fuel cutoff valve 3, the igniter 23, and the high-voltage power supply thereof were the same as those provided in a commercially available fan heater.
Automatic control of combustion and data recording were performed using an externally installed personal computer as the control device 30.
[0035]
Next, a result of a combustion test performed on the fan heater 100 will be described.
The combustion test was conducted using a city gas supplied from the city with methane as the main component and a calorific value of 46 MJ / m 3 (Normal) (11000 kcal / m 3 (Normal)). The exhaust gas was sampled at the outlet of the convection fan 1b and analyzed for total hydrocarbons, CO, CO 2 and NOx.
In the automatic combustion control, the control device 30 is first driven with the drive voltage V of the motor 1d of the fan device 1 set to 48V, the igniter 23 is turned on, the gas shut-off valve 3 is opened, and the proportional control valve 2 is combusted. An initial power corresponding to a quantity of 3 kW (2600 kcal / h) is applied.
[0036]
After the ignition in the gas phase combustion chamber 12 is detected by the temperature sensor 24 of the gas phase combustion unit 12, the power of the igniter 23 is turned off, and the detection result of the temperature sensor 21 that detects the outlet side temperature T11 of the combustion catalyst unit 11 is detected. Based on this, the drive voltage V of the motor 1d of the fan device 1 is increased according to the following equation.
[0037]
[Expression 1]
Va [V] = 0.0097 × T11 [° C.] + 9.3
[0038]
Next, when the outlet side temperature T11 of the combustion catalyst unit 11 that is the output value of the temperature sensor 21 reaches 400 ° C. that is the first stage target output value, a function of the drive voltage of the motor 1d of the fan device 1 Was further increased by changing to Note that the air ratio of the air-fuel mixture when the output value of the temperature sensor 21 reaches 400 ° C. is about 1.6.
[0039]
[Expression 2]
Va [V] = 0.0009 × T11 [° C.] + 9.6
[0040]
Next, when the outlet side temperature T11 of the combustion catalyst unit 11 that is the output value of the temperature sensor 21 reaches 780 ° C. that is the target output value of the second stage, the fan T is maintained at 780 ° C. The control of the drive voltage of the motor 1d of the apparatus 1 has been switched to feedback control to achieve steady hybrid combustion. Note that the air ratio of the air-fuel mixture when the output value of the temperature sensor 21 reaches 780 ° C. is about 1.9.
[0041]
After the start of combustion by uniform gas phase combustion, the catalyst is preheated by heat regeneration, catalytic combustion is started in the combustion catalyst section 11 after about 4 minutes, and shifts to hybrid catalytic combustion, and after 6 minutes, ultra-low NOx steady hybrid catalytic combustion It came to. The maximum CO concentration from the start of combustion to the steady state was 5 ppm, the unburned hydrocarbon concentration was 30 ppm, and the NOx concentration was 0.7 ppm.
[0042]
Thereafter, the proportional control valve 2 was operated to perform combustion by changing the combustion amount from 4 kW to 0.7 kW (from 3500 kcal / h to 600 kcal / h). The control temperature of the outlet side temperature T11 of the combustion catalyst unit 11 was 760 ° C. to 840 ° C., and the driving voltage of the motor 1d of the fan device 1 was changed from 100V to 40V.
[0043]
These combustion was very stable, unburned hydrocarbons and CO were both 5 ppm or less, CO 2 was 0.45% to 0.26%, and complete oxidation rate was 99.5% or more. . NOx was 0.1 to 0.04 ppm, and the theoretical dry gas equivalent concentration (oxygen 0% concentration) of NOx was almost zero from 1.5 ppm.
[0044]
[Comparative Example 1]
Next, as a first comparative example, in the combustion apparatus having substantially the same configuration as the combustion apparatus 50 described above, the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter 16 was removed and a combustion test was performed under the same conditions. In this case, in the low load combustion, combustion up to 0.8 kW (700 kcal / h) was possible, but combustion could not be continued up to 0.7 kW (600 kcal / h). Therefore, in the present invention, combustion can be stabilized during low-load combustion by suppressing high-temperature convective heat loss by the gas-phase combustion unit heat transfer converter 16 provided in the gas-phase combustion unit 12. Recognize.
[0045]
[Comparative Example 2]
Next, as a second comparative example, in the combustion apparatus having substantially the same configuration as the combustion apparatus 50 described above, the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter 16 is placed at the same height as the upper edge of the inner cylinder 20, that is, the combustion catalyst section 11. The combustion test was performed under the same conditions as above. In this case, it was found that a smell of odor is generated at the start of combustion and tends to inhibit uniform gas phase combustion. Further, when the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter 16 is provided at a position 25 mm from the upper edge of the inner cylinder 20 slightly below the inlet of the combustion catalyst section 11 of the inner cylinder 20, the odor is not generated, and the above-described implementation is performed. The combustion performance and NOx suppression performance similar to the example could be confirmed. Therefore, in the present invention, the gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter 16 is connected to the gas phase combustion section 12 from the position of the gas phase combustion section 12 corresponding to the inlet section of the combustion catalyst section 11 of the inner cylinder 20. It can be said that providing within the range to the position of the part 12 is preferable.
[0046]
Moreover, the hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus according to the present invention can be applied not only to natural gas city gas but also to LPG, kerosene vaporized gas, and various fuel gases.
[0047]
【The invention's effect】
By providing the hybrid catalytic combustion device of the present invention as a combustion device for a fan heater, a combustion structure similar to that of a commercially available fan heater is possible with a simple structure, and in particular, stable combustion in a low load combustion region where the usage time is long. Thus, a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus capable of greatly suppressing NOx was achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1 is an overall schematic view of a fan heater provided with a combustion apparatus according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic side sectional view of the combustion apparatus shown in FIG. 1. FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of a heat exchange fin.
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Fan apparatus 1a Combustion fan 1b Convection fan 1c Rotating shaft 1d Motor 4 Mixture flow path 11 Combustion catalyst part 12 Gas phase combustion part 14 Exhaust part heat transfer converter 15 Discharge port 16 Gas phase combustion part heat transfer converter 19 Heat Replacement fin 18 Preheating section 20 Inner cylinder 22 Outer cylinder 50 Combustion device 100 Fan heater A Air E Combustion exhaust gas H Heating hot air

Claims (3)

燃焼用空気と燃料との混合気を通過させて前記燃料の一部を触媒接触酸化させる燃焼触媒部と、前記燃焼触媒部の前記混合気流れ方向の下流側に設けられ前記燃料の残部を気相燃焼させる気相燃焼部とを備えたハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置であって、
一方の端部の内側に前記燃焼触媒部を設けた内筒と、前記内筒を全方向から外囲して設けられて前記内筒との間に前記気相燃焼部を形成し、前記気相燃焼後の燃焼排ガスを排出する排出口を有する外筒とを備え、
前記外筒側から前記内筒内に混合気を供給する混合気流路と、前記内筒内に供給される混合気を予熱する予熱部とを前記内筒内に設けて構成されるとともに、
前記気相燃焼部は折り返し構造に形成されて、前記燃焼触媒部における流れ方向と、前記気相燃焼部における流れ方向とが逆方向とされ、
前記気相燃焼部に、前記混合気流れの横断方向にわたって配設され、通気性を有すると共に気体の顕熱を輻射熱に変換する気相燃焼部伝熱変換体を備え、
前記気相燃焼部伝熱変換体が、前記燃焼触媒部の入口部に相当する内筒の位置に対して、前記気相燃焼部における混合気流れ方向の下流側に位置づけられて、前記燃焼触媒部の上流側に前記輻射熱を放出するハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置。
A combustion catalyst unit that catalytically oxidizes a part of the fuel by passing a mixture of combustion air and fuel, and a remaining part of the fuel provided downstream of the combustion catalyst unit in the mixture flow direction; A hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus having a gas phase combustion section for phase combustion,
The gas phase combustion section is formed between the inner cylinder provided with the combustion catalyst section inside one end and the inner cylinder that surrounds the inner cylinder from all directions, and the gas An outer cylinder having a discharge port for discharging combustion exhaust gas after phase combustion,
The outer and the cylindrical side mixture flow path for supplying a fuel mixture in said inner cylinder, and a preheating unit for preheating the mixture supplied into said inner cylinder is formed by providing in said inner cylinder Rutotomoni,
The gas phase combustion part is formed in a folded structure, and the flow direction in the combustion catalyst part is opposite to the flow direction in the gas phase combustion part,
The gas phase combustion section includes a gas phase combustion section heat transfer converter that is disposed in the transverse direction of the mixture flow and has gas permeability and converts sensible heat of the gas into radiant heat,
The gas phase combustion part heat transfer converter is positioned downstream of the position of the inner cylinder corresponding to the inlet part of the combustion catalyst part in the gas mixture combustion direction in the gas mixture combustion part, and the combustion catalyst A hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus that releases the radiant heat upstream of the unit.
前記排出口に、通気性を有すると共に気体の顕熱を輻射熱に変換して前記内筒側に放出する排出部伝熱変換体を備えた請求項1に記載のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置。2. The hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the exhaust port is provided with a discharge part heat transfer conversion body that has air permeability and converts sensible heat of gas into radiant heat and discharges it to the inner cylinder side. 前記予熱部に、前記内筒から前記内筒内を流通する混合気への伝熱を促進する熱交換用フィンを備えた請求項1又は2に記載のハイブリッド触媒燃焼装置。Wherein the preheating unit, a hybrid catalytic combustion apparatus according to claim 1 or 2 with a fin for heat exchange to promote heat transfer to the air-fuel mixture flowing through the inner inner cylinder from the inner cylinder.
JP2000066393A 2000-03-10 2000-03-10 Hybrid catalytic combustion device Expired - Fee Related JP4155692B2 (en)

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US7675801B2 (en) 2003-02-27 2010-03-09 Fujitsu Microelectronics Limited Semiconductor memory device and refresh method for the same
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