JP4163827B2 - Construction method of wave-dissipating structure using artificial rock - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a technique for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using a pseudo-rock made to simulate the appearance of natural rock.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In recent years, examples of using pseudo-rocks made by imitating the appearance of natural rocks for wave-dissipating structures have been increasing due to consideration of the natural environment and landscape. And as a typical prior art of the construction method of the wave-dissipating structure using such a pseudo rock, what was shown in FIG. 7 is known.
[0003]
Among them, the construction method shown in FIG. 7A is a method in which a plurality of pseudo-rock panels 101 made of glass fiber reinforced cement or the like are attached to anchors or reinforcing bars so as to surround the outside of an existing structure 100 having a general structure such as caisson. The space 103 between the existing structure 100 and the pseudo rock panel 101 is filled with a filling material such as mortar or concrete (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2516881). .
[0004]
In addition, the method shown in FIG. 7B is a pseudo-rock block 200 in which a periphery of a frame 202 attached to a substrate 201 is surrounded by a plurality of pseudo-rock panels 203 and filled with concrete 204 in a factory or a production yard. Is manufactured and transported to the site for installation (see, for example, Japanese Patent No. 2518775).
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
According to the above prior art, the following problems are pointed out. That is, in the technique shown in FIG. 7 (A), when the existing structure 100 is an existing underwater structure such as a caisson, in order to fix the pseudo rock panel 101 to the outside, the underwater welding of the gantry 102 is performed. Diving work is necessary, which is not only dangerous, but also greatly affected by the weather and sea conditions, and increases the construction cost. Further, joint processing for closing gaps between the plurality of pseudo-rock panels 101, 101 is performed using mortar, so that it is difficult to work in water and there is a risk of quality degradation.
[0006]
In addition, in the construction method using the pseudo rock block 200 as shown in FIG. 7B , there is a limit to the size of the structure that can be manufactured and installed because it needs to be transported to the sea area. When this occurs, it is difficult to ensure the stability of the pseudo rock block 200.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and the technical problem is to minimize dangerous or difficult work in the field as much as possible to save labor and improve quality. is there.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As a means for effectively solving the technical problems described above, a method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks according to the present invention is a pseudo rock panel or pseudo rock block manufactured by simulating the appearance of natural rock or rock. Is used as a formwork for constructing a wave-dissipating structure , thereby realizing labor saving in the field. A support work is manufactured and a formwork including the pseudo rock panel or pseudo rock block in the support work. After mounting the support work, the support work is transported to the site sea area by ship, and the support work is placed on the seabed so that the formwork faces each other and the pseudo-rock panel or pseudo-rock block is located near the sea surface. And filling the inside region of the mold with a filling material. Therefore, in the field work, the inside of the wave-dissipating structure and the pseudo-rock portion of the outer layer are simultaneously constructed by filling the filling material. The “local board” mentioned here is a rock, sand surface, rubble, etc., regardless of whether it is natural or artificial.
[0009]
In the method of the present invention, the filling material is selected from one or more of concrete, mortar, foam mortar, lightweight mortar, lightweight concrete, earth and sand, crushed stone, and harmless waste. Further, the filling material can be filled at once or divided into a plurality of times.
[0010]
In the method of the present invention, it is not necessary to configure the entire surface layer portion of the wave-dissipating structure with pseudo rocks depending on the construction site. The other part is fixed with a natural rock or a template not having the appearance of a rock.
[0011]
[0012]
In the method of the present invention, as long as sufficient strength against external force such as water pressure and wave force can be obtained, it is not always necessary to fill the entire construction area inside the mold with the filling material. A space not partially filled with the filling material may be formed.
[0013]
In the method of the present invention, preferably, an upper pseudo-rock panel is installed via an upper support so as to cover the upper surface of the filling material filled in the region inside the template, and the upper pseudo-rock panel and the filling The upper filling material is filled with the upper surface of the material, or one or more pseudo-rock blocks are installed and fixed on the upper surface of the filling material.
[0014]
[0015]
In the method of the present invention, when the pseudo rock panel or pseudo rock block is installed on both sides of the construction area, the height of the lower end of the pseudo rock panel or pseudo rock block is different on both sides of the construction area depending on the construction location. Can be.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
FIG. 1 shows a construction method of a wave-dissipating structure 1 having an upper portion exposed from the sea surface as an embodiment of a method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks according to the present invention. That is, in this construction method, first, as shown in FIG. 1A, in a production yard or the like, a mountain steel 11 or the like is assembled into a tower shape or a rectangular parallelepiped shape to produce a pair of lower frames 10 as support works. To do.
[0017]
On a vertical mounting surface on one side of each lower frame 10, as a side mold 20, for example, a pseudo rock panel 21 made of glass fiber reinforcement concrete (GRC) or a pseudo rock block 22 made of GRC, concrete, mortar or the like. To attach. The pseudo-rock panel 21 and the pseudo-rock block 22 are both made of a natural rock or bedrock as a matrix and manufactured by a known method. The surface of the pseudo-rock panel 21 and the pseudo-rock block 22 is rough or rough irregular texture of natural rock. The shape has been faithfully reproduced. Further, the joint portion between the plurality of pseudo rock panels 21 and 21 is filled with an appropriate joint mortar or the like.
[0018]
The pseudo-rock panel 21 or the pseudo-rock block 22 is attached to the upper part of the lower frame 10 so as to be positioned at a certain range of height and depth near the sea surface in consideration of tide changes and wave heights. And in this case, as in the example shown in the figure, first, a flat template 23 made of concrete, mortar, GRC, steel plate or wood is vertically attached to the entire vertical direction on one side of each lower frame 10, The pseudo rock panel 21 or the pseudo rock block 22 is attached to the upper part. Reference numeral 24 is a separator for connecting the template 23 and the pseudo rock panel 21.
[0019]
Next, the lower frame 10 to which the side mold 20 comprising the pseudo-rock panel 21 or the pseudo-rock block 22 and the template 23 is attached as described above is attached by a ship such as a crane ship not shown from the production yard. Transported to the site sea area, as shown in FIG. 1 (B), for example, on the seafloor local board G1 made of sand, rubble mound or bedrock, the side formwork 20 is placed so as to face each other, A filling area is defined between the side molds 20,20.
[0020]
Reference numeral 25 denotes a bag-filled concrete for fixing the lower frame 10 to the local board G1 on the seabed and sealing the lower end of the side mold 20 so that the components such as cement do not diffuse into seawater. It is stuffed. Moreover, attachment of the side mold 20 to the lower frame 10 can be performed after being transported to the site depending on the situation at the site.
[0021]
As a means for fixing the lower frame 10 and sealing the side mold 20, depending on on-site conditions, for example, as shown in FIG. 2 (A), a mat or a sheet 26 or shown in FIG. As described above, it is also preferable to use a bag-filled concrete 25 that is placed along the outside of the lower end of the double-sided formwork 20 on the local board G1 on the seabed.
[0022]
In the example of FIG. 1, the side molds 20, 20 on both sides are attached to one side of the independent lower frame 10, but the lower frame 10 is attached as shown in FIG. 2 (A) or (B). After assembling to the width equivalent to the filling construction area, side molds 20 previously assembled with a plurality of pseudo rock panels 21 or pseudo rock blocks 22 and a template 23 may be attached to both sides thereof.
[0023]
The pseudo-rock panel 21 or the pseudo-rock block 22 may have different heights on both sides of the filling operation area. FIG. 3 shows an example of this. A pseudo rock block 22 having a height substantially equal to the height of the lower frame 10 is directly attached to one side of the lower frame 10, and the lower end thereof reaches the local board G1 on the seabed. ing. Further, on the other side of the lower frame 10, the pseudo rock panel 21 is attached to the upper part of the template 23 via the separator 24 as in FIG. 2. In this case, the artificial rock block 22 having the lower end reaching the local board G1 on the seabed is useful for promoting or protecting marine organisms such as artificial fishing reefs on the open ocean side.
[0024]
In FIG. 1 to FIG. 3, a pseudo rock panel 21 is attached to one side mold 20, and a pseudo rock block 22 is attached to the other. However, the pseudo rock panel 21 is attached to both sides or both sides are attached. Alternatively, the pseudo rock block 22 may be attached.
[0025]
Next, as shown in FIG. 1C, the filling material 30 is filled in the filling material region between the two side molds 20, 20, and the concrete or mortar 30a is placed between the pseudo rock panel 21 and the template 23. Fill. As the filling material 30, for example, concrete, mortar, bubble mortar, lightweight mortar, lightweight concrete, etc. are adopted. By mixing earth, sand, crushed stone, harmless waste, etc. with this, civil engineering work etc. Effective utilization of generated residual soil and waste can be achieved. In this case, for example, it is possible to employ a method in which crushed stones, waste, or the like is introduced into the filling work area and the gap is filled by pouring concrete or the like.
[0026]
The filling material 30 may be filled at a time, but depending on the depth and volume of the filling operation region or the type of the filling material 30, as shown in FIG. 33 ...
Fill in portions. Moreover, the filling material 30 does not necessarily need to be filled in the entire filling area, and depending on the size of the wave-dissipating structure to be constructed, for example, as shown in FIG. The upper layer 33 is separated in the width direction, and an unfilled space S can be formed in the middle portion thereof to reduce the cost.
[0027]
In the above-described steps, operations such as assembling the lower frame 10 and the side mold 20 and joint processing can be performed in advance in a factory or production yard. Compared to Further, by filling and curing the filling material 30, the construction of the structure body portion and the surface layer pseudo-rock portion are simultaneously performed, the connectivity is improved, and the construction period is shortened.
[0028]
Next, after the filling material 30 is hardened and the lower structure portion 1a reaching a certain range of height near the sea surface is completed, a plurality of pseudo rock panels 41 are placed on the lower side as shown in FIG. The upper formwork 40 is installed on the upper surface of the structure portion 1a through the upper frame 42 assembled with reinforcing bars and other reinforcing materials so as to cover the upper surface of the lower structure portion 1a. Like the pseudo rock panel 21 of the side mold 20, the pseudo rock panel 41 is made of natural rock or rock as a mother mold and manufactured by GRC or the like.
[0029]
In assembling the upper mold 40, the joint between the pseudo rock panels 41 and 41 and the upper end of the pseudo rock panel 21 or the pseudo rock block 22 in the side mold 20 are filled with an appropriate joint mortar or the like. Reference numeral 43 is a work scaffold.
[0030]
When the assembly of the upper mold 40 is finished, the inner filling material (not shown) is filled in the inner region. As the filling material, the same filling material as the filling material 30 filled between the side molds 20 and 20 can be used. And by such a series of processes, the wave-dissipating structure 1 made of pseudo-rock whose appearance approximates that of natural rock is constructed. The upper mold 40 can be a structure made of concrete, mortar, steel plate, wood, or the like in addition to the pseudo rock panel 41, and can be a structure having various functions.
[0031]
In the above-mentioned process, depending on the size of the wave-dissipating structure 1 to be constructed, the assembly work of the upper mold 40 and the filling work of the filling material may be repeated a plurality of times. That is, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the pseudo rock panel 41 is first assembled to a required height so as to be continuous with the upper end of the pseudo rock panel 21 or the pseudo rock block 22 in the side molds 20, 20, After filling the region with the filling material 34 and hardening the filling material 34, the pseudo rock panel is assembled again as shown by the one-dot chain line, and the filling material is filled inside.
[0032]
Further, the above-described method of assembling the upper mold 40 and filling the filling material is not adopted, but as shown in FIG. 6, for example, as shown in FIG. 50 may be installed on the lower structure portion 1a for which the construction has been completed, and fixed by a fixing means made of a steel material or a fiber lot (not shown).
[0033]
[0034]
[0035]
[0036]
[0037]
[0038]
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
According to the method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks according to the present invention, the pseudo rock panel and pseudo rock block are used as a formwork for constructing the structure. Construction is performed at the same time, and the reliability of the connection is improved. In addition, because the construction period is shortened, it is also suitable for offshore construction where the construction is affected by the weather and sea conditions. In addition, since operations such as joint processing can be performed on land, the quality can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram showing a construction method of a wave-dissipating structure in order of steps as an embodiment of a construction method of the wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram showing various examples of the structure and fixing method of the lower frame in the embodiment.
FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a combination of molds in the embodiment.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a filling method of the filling material in the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a method of upper construction in the embodiment.
FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing another method of the upper construction in the embodiment.
FIG. 7 is an explanatory view showing a prior art of a method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks .
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Wave-absorbing structure
1a Lower structure
10 Lower frame (support work)
20 Side formwork
21, 41 Pseudo- rock panel 22, 50 Pseudo-rock block 23 Template 30 Filling material 40 Upper mold 42 Upper frame (upper support)
G1 Submarine local board

Claims (8)

After producing a support work and attaching a formwork including a pseudo-rock panel or a pseudo-rock block made to simulate the appearance of natural rock or rock to the support work, transport the support work to the site sea area by ship, The support work is installed on the local board of the seabed so that the formwork faces each other and the pseudo-rock panel or pseudo-rock block is located near the sea surface, and the inner area of the form is filled with the filling material The construction method of the wave-dissipating structure using the pseudo rock characterized by this. The wave-absorbing structure using pseudo-rock according to claim 1, wherein the filling material is selected from one or more of concrete, mortar, foam mortar, lightweight mortar, lightweight concrete, earth and sand, crushed stone, and harmless waste . How to build. The method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks according to claim 1, wherein the filling material is filled at once or divided into a plurality of times. The pseudo-rock panel or pseudo-rock block is fixed only to a part of the formwork mounting surface of the support, and the other part is fixed to a template that does not have the appearance of natural rock or rock. Of constructing wave-dissipating structures using artificial rocks. 2. The method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rocks according to claim 1, wherein a space not filled with the filling material is formed in a part of the construction area. An upper pseudo-rock panel is installed through an upper support so as to cover the upper surface of the filling material filled in the area inside the formwork, and the upper intermediate rock panel is placed between the upper pseudo-rock panel and the upper surface of the filling material. The method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo rock according to claim 1, wherein the filler is filled. The method for constructing a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo-rock according to claim 1, wherein one or more pseudo-rock blocks are installed and fixed on the upper surface of the filling material filled in the region inside the mold. 5. Construction of a wave-dissipating structure using pseudo-rock according to claim 4, wherein pseudo-rock panels or pseudo-rock blocks are installed on both sides of the construction area, and the lower ends thereof are different from each other on both sides of the construction area. Method.

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