JP4178446B2 - Heat pump system - Google Patents
Heat pump system Download PDFInfo
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- JP4178446B2 JP4178446B2 JP2002267713A JP2002267713A JP4178446B2 JP 4178446 B2 JP4178446 B2 JP 4178446B2 JP 2002267713 A JP2002267713 A JP 2002267713A JP 2002267713 A JP2002267713 A JP 2002267713A JP 4178446 B2 JP4178446 B2 JP 4178446B2
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- hot water
- refrigerant
- evaporator
- storage tank
- water storage
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2309/00—Gas cycle refrigeration machines
- F25B2309/06—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
- F25B2309/061—Compression machines, plants or systems characterised by the refrigerant being carbon dioxide with cycle highest pressure above the supercritical pressure
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2339/00—Details of evaporators; Details of condensers
- F25B2339/04—Details of condensers
- F25B2339/047—Water-cooled condensers
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2500/00—Problems to be solved
- F25B2500/31—Low ambient temperatures
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B2600/00—Control issues
- F25B2600/25—Control of valves
- F25B2600/2507—Flow-diverting valves
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F25—REFRIGERATION OR COOLING; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS; MANUFACTURE OR STORAGE OF ICE; LIQUEFACTION SOLIDIFICATION OF GASES
- F25B—REFRIGERATION MACHINES, PLANTS OR SYSTEMS; COMBINED HEATING AND REFRIGERATION SYSTEMS; HEAT PUMP SYSTEMS
- F25B9/00—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point
- F25B9/002—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant
- F25B9/008—Compression machines, plants or systems, in which the refrigerant is air or other gas of low boiling point characterised by the refrigerant the refrigerant being carbon dioxide
Landscapes
- Heat-Pump Type And Storage Water Heaters (AREA)
Description
【０００１】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、貯湯タンクを有するヒートポンプシステムに関し、主として、二酸化炭素等の超臨界サイクルを形成する冷媒を用いたヒートポンプシステム関するものである。
【０００２】
【従来の技術】
従来の二酸化炭素冷媒使用の給湯を行うヒートポンプシステムは以下のようなものであった（例えば、特許文献１参照）。
従来のヒートポンプシステムにおいては、自然冷媒である二酸化炭素冷媒が用いられる冷媒回路と、給湯のための貯湯、給湯、風呂のお湯張り、追焚等を行なう給湯回路とを主要構成としている。
冷媒回路は、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、冷媒と貯湯や風呂の追焚用の水と熱交換させる放熱器、該放熱器からの冷媒を膨張させる膨張弁、該膨張弁からの冷媒を機外空気と熱交換させる蒸発器、放熱器からの冷媒と圧縮機に戻る冷媒とを熱交換させる内部熱交換器、蒸発器が着霜した際に圧縮機からの高温冷媒を当該蒸発器に循環させて除霜させる除霜用弁、回路を循環する冷媒の圧力が異常に高くなったときに冷媒を放出させて機器の破損等を防止する安全弁等を有している。
【０００３】
なお、放熱器は、冷媒が循環する冷媒用伝熱管、貯湯用の水が循環する貯湯用伝熱管、追焚用の水（風呂の湯）が循環する追焚用伝熱管等により形成されている。給湯回路は、お湯を貯留する断熱構造の貯湯タンク、該貯湯タンクの底部から水を放熱器の貯湯用伝熱管を介して循環させる貯湯用ポンプ、貯湯用伝熱管で冷媒と熱交換する水量を調整する流量調整弁等を有している。また給湯回路は、貯湯タンクの頂部に設けられて当該貯湯タンクに貯留されている湯を水道水と混合させて所定温度にして取水させる給湯混合弁、ヒートポンプ給湯機が運転中は常時開弁していて、給湯を行うことにより貯湯タンクの水量が減少するとその分を水道水が貯湯タンクの底部に設けられた給水管から補給されるようにする給水弁、貯湯タンクの湯を排水する際に開弁する排水弁を有している。
【０００４】
さらに、給湯回路には、カランやシャワー等の湯を利用する際の取水口をなす取水器に給湯を行うか否かを制御する給湯制御弁、風呂のお湯張りを行うか否かを制御する湯張制御弁、風呂の追焚を行う際に湯船の湯を追焚用伝熱管を介して循環させる追焚用ポンプ等を有している。
【０００５】
次に、動作について説明する。例えば風呂場に設置されるコントローラや台所に設置されるコントローラにより運転指示が行われて貯湯、給湯、風呂のお湯張り、風呂の追焚動作する。通常、貯湯タンクは常に満水状態を維持するように設定されており、このため給水弁は開弁している。但し、メンテナンス等を行うために貯湯タンク内の水を排水するような場合には、当該給水弁を閉じ排水弁を開弁する。貯湯タンクへの給水は、給水弁を介して水道水が貯湯タンクの底部に設けられている給水管から当該貯湯タンク内の水を攪拌しないように静かに行われる。
【０００６】
そして、貯湯用ポンプが運転されると共に流量調整弁の開弁度が調整され、圧縮機の運転が開始する。この際の圧縮機の回転数や開弁度は、後述するように外気温度や給水される水道水の温度等に基づき制御される。圧縮機の運転が開始すると、当該圧縮機で圧縮されて高温高圧になった冷媒は、放熱器の冷媒用伝熱管に供給される。この放熱器の貯湯用伝熱管には、貯湯タンクからの水が循環しており、また追焚を行う場合には風呂の湯が循環しているので、冷媒はこれらの水と熱交換して内部熱交換器に供給される。
【０００７】
【特許文献】
特開２００２−１０６９６３号公報（第３頁〜第６頁、図１）
【０００８】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
以上説明したように、従来のヒートポンプシステムは、デフロスト運転に入ると、圧縮機からの冷媒は、除霜用弁を通って蒸発器に入り、アキュムレータを経て圧縮機に戻るため、放熱器に冷媒が流れなくなり、熱源として、放熱器で熱交換して熱を得る追焚きができなくなる。
また、二酸化炭素冷媒によるヒートポンプの場合、放熱器の熱交換器へ流入する流入水温が高くなると効率が低下するが、追焚きからの高い水温が熱交換器に流入するため効率が低下するという問題があった。
【０００９】
この発明は、上記のような問題点を解消するためになされたもので、貯湯タンクを有するヒートポンプシステムの特性改善を目的とする。
即ち、低外気時のデフロスト運転率を低減でき、システムの加熱効率を向上するヒートポンプシステムを得ることを目的とする。
また、風呂の追焚きや床暖房などの暖房機の熱源が常に確保できるヒートポンプシステムを得ることを目的とする。
【００１０】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、
冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、第２の蒸発器の冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの中間部から流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように冷媒流量調整手段を制御するものである。
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの中間部から流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、流量調整可能なポンプを有する第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるようにポンプを制御するものである。
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクから流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器を上流とし、第１の蒸発器を下流とし、両蒸発器は直列に接続されるものである。
【００１１】
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、第２の蒸発器の冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの上部から流出し、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水となり、第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、
第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように冷媒流量調整手段を制御するものである。
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの上部から流出し、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水となり、流量調整可能なポンプを有する第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるようにポンプを制御するものである。
【００１２】
【発明の実施の形態】
実施の形態１．
以下、この発明の実施の形態を図について説明する。図１はこの発明のヒートポンプシステムの好適な例を示す冷媒回路図であり、１は圧縮機、２は放熱器、３は膨張弁、４は第１の蒸発器、５はファン、６は、例えば電磁弁及び流量調整弁の組合せから成る冷媒流量調整手段、８は第２の蒸発器であり、外気と熱交換する第１の蒸発器４と貯湯タンク９の温水と熱交換する第２の蒸発器８とが、冷媒流量調整手段６で分かれて、並列に接続される。
７は冷媒回路であり、圧縮機、放熱器、膨張弁、冷媒流量調整手段、第１の蒸発器、第２の蒸発器を配管で接続する。
【００１３】
また、９は貯湯タンク、１０は第１の水流量調整手段であり、例えば流量可変の第１のポンプ、１１は貯湯タンク９上部と貯湯タンク９中間部を接続する第２の水回路、１２は加熱器、１３は第２の水流量調整手段であり、例えば流量可変の第２のポンプ、１４は床暖房端末、１５は第３のポンプ、１６は貯湯タンク９の中間部とその下部を接続する第３の水回路、１７は第３の水流量調整手段であり、例えば流量可変の第４のポンプ、１８は貯湯タンク９の第３の水回路入口付近に、即ち、貯湯タンク９の中間部に設置された第１の温度検知手段、１９は貯湯タンク９下部に設置された第２の温度検知手段、２０は第２の蒸発器８の出口に設置され、第２の蒸発器８から流出する給湯用流体水温を検知する第３の温度検知手段、２１は第１の温度検知手段１８と、第２の温度検知手段１９と、第３の温度検知手段２０と接続し、冷媒流量調整手段６と第４のポンプ１７を制御する制御手段である。
【００１４】
次に動作について説明する。まず、貯湯タンク９の積層沸上げの動作について説明する。貯湯タンク９には低温水が充満しており、低温水を第１のポンプ１０で貯湯タンク９下部から放熱器２へ導く。後述する動作により、放熱器２で所定温度に加熱された高温水は貯湯タンク９上部から流入し、上部から徐々に蓄熱される。
【００１５】
次に冷凍サイクルの動作について説明する。圧縮機１から吐出した冷媒は、放熱器２で給湯用流体、例えば水、と熱交換し、冷媒は冷却され、水は加熱される。さらに冷媒は膨張弁３で減圧され、第１の蒸発器４でファン５によって送られる空気によって蒸発し、圧縮機１へと循環する冷凍サイクルを形成する。
【００１６】
次に給湯の動作について説明する。例えば、水道水の水温が１０℃、貯湯タンク９に蓄熱された水温が８５℃、給湯で利用する水温が４０℃とした場合、図示しない公知の給水手段により１０℃の水が貯湯タンク９下部より給水され、貯湯タンク９上部から８５℃の湯が排出される。さらに前記排出された８５℃の湯と１０℃の水を混合して４０℃の湯として給湯される。
【００１７】
ここで、給湯温度を４０℃としたが、水温は利用者が任意に設定できるものであり、その設定に対して高温水と低温水の混合比を変化させて所望の湯として給湯可能である。これも図示しないが、公知の混合器により混合され、給湯される。
【００１８】
次に床暖房の動作について説明する。第２のポンプ１３により、貯湯タンク９上部より取り出した高温の湯は、加熱器１２に流入し、床暖房用被加熱流体、例えば不凍液（ブライン）と熱交換し、冷却される。冷却された湯は貯湯タンク９中間部に戻り、循環する。また、床暖房回路では、第３のポンプ１５により加熱器１２で加熱された不凍液は、床暖房端末１４へ流入し、放熱する。放熱により冷却された不凍液は加熱器１２に戻り、加熱され循環を繰り返す。
【００１９】
ここで、二酸化炭素のような超臨界運転をする冷媒を用いたヒートポンプシステムで、熱交換する相手である供給される水の水温が低温時と高温時の場合の冷媒状態について説明する。例えば、沸上げ温度８５℃で放熱器２に供給される水が１５℃のサイクル状態Ｘと、供給される水が５０℃のサイクル状態Ｙを図２に示す。放熱器２に供給される水温が１５℃の場合、放熱器２出口の冷媒温度は、水と熱交換するため、（１５＋α）℃となる。例えば、α＝１０℃とした場合、放熱器２出口の冷媒温度は２５℃となり、サイクル状態Ｘ（Ａ−Ｂ−Ｃ−Ｄ）となる。放熱器２に供給される水温が５０℃の場合、放熱器出口の冷媒温度は６０℃となり、サイクル状態Ｙ（Ａ−Ｂ−Ｃ’−Ｄ’）となる。サイクル状態Ｙではサイクル状態Ｘと比較して加熱能力が低下するため、ＣＯＰ（成績係数）が低下する。従って、放熱器２に供給される水温が上昇するとＣＯＰ（成績係数）が低下する。
【００２０】
次に、貯湯タンク９内の水温状態について図３で説明する。図３は、横軸は貯湯タンク９内の温度、縦軸は貯湯タンク９の高さ方向の位置を示している。例えば沸上げ温度を８５℃とすると、前記、積層沸上げの動作に示したとおり沸上げが進み、沸上げが完了した時点では、貯湯タンク９内は８５℃の高温水になっている（ａ）。この状態から給湯が利用された場合、水道水の水温が１０℃とすると、貯湯タンク９内の水温状態は、貯湯タンク９下部が１０℃、貯湯タンク９上部は８５℃の湯となり、低温水と高温水の境界部（混合層）をはさんで、２温度に成層化される（ｂ）。
【００２１】
その後、床暖房が利用された場合、一般的に床暖房の定常運転時には、床暖房端末１４に送水される不凍液の温度は４５〜５０℃で、床暖房端末１４で放熱して放熱器１２に戻ってくる不凍液の温度は送水温度に対して２〜５℃程度低下して戻ってくる。また、貯湯タンク９上部から供給された高温水は、放熱器１２で冷却されるが、床暖房端末１４から戻る不凍液の温度が４０℃程度となるため、それ以下の水温まで冷却されない。つまり、貯湯タンク９に戻る水温は４０℃以上となる。
【００２２】
床暖房運転により、貯湯タンク９には４０℃程度の湯が中間部に貯蓄されてゆき、貯湯タンク９内の水温状態は概ね貯湯タンク９下部が１０℃、貯湯タンク９中間部が４０℃、貯湯タンク９上部が８５℃と３温度に成層化される（ｃ）。
【００２３】
ここで貯湯タンク９内の残湯量（利用可能な湯の量）が少なくなると、あるいは所定の時間、例えば深夜時間帯になるとヒートポンプ運転による沸上げが開始される。沸上げ開始時は貯湯タンク９下部の１０℃の低温水がヒートポンプに供給され、通常の沸上げが行われる。
【００２４】
しばらくすると、貯湯タンク９中間部にあった４０℃程度の中温水が貯湯タンク９下部に移動し、ヒートポンプに供給されることとなる。そこで、下部の第１の温度知手段１８が所定温度域、例えば４０〜６０℃を検知した場合、制御手段２１は第４のポンプ１７を動作させ、第３の水回路１７の貯湯タンク９中間部の配管接続位置から所定温度域の湯を第２の蒸発器８へ導き、第２の蒸発器８で冷却された水を貯湯タンク９下方の配管接続位置へと循環させる。このようにして、貯湯タンク９の下部の水の温度が上がることを未然に防止し、放熱器２には、温度の低い水が流れるようにして熱交換の効率を上げる。
【００２５】
同時に、制御手段２１は冷媒流量調整手段６を動作させ、膨張弁３を通過した冷媒を第１の蒸発器４と第２の蒸発器８へ冷媒を分配し、あるいは冷媒流量調整手段６を切り換え、第２の蒸発器８に冷媒を導き、冷媒は前記中温水から熱を奪って蒸発する。
この際、制御手段２１は、第２の温度検知手段１９の情報と第３の温度検知手段２０の情報を比較して、例えば、それぞれの温度が等しくなるように、冷媒流量調整手段６あるいは第４のポンプ１７を制御する。
【００２６】
このように、給湯として利用できない温度域の温水を蒸発器の冷媒を加熱する熱源として利用することで、外気と熱交換する第１の蒸発器４の運転率を低減できる。つまり、低外気温時に着霜が発生することによる、デフロスト運転を低減でき、システムの加熱効率が向上する。また、このように給湯と暖房を組合せたシステムでは、特に冬季においてシステム運転率が高くなり、デフロスト運転の発生頻度も高くなるため、効果はより大きくなる。
【００２７】
また、この発明の別の好適なヒートポンプシステムの冷媒回路図を図４に示す。図４の冷媒回路図は、図１において、冷媒流量調整手段６を削除し、第２の蒸発器８を第１の蒸発器４の上流で、第１の蒸発器４と直列に接続したものであり、その他は実施の形態１と同じである。
図４において、図１と同一または相当部分には同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。以下に制御手段による動作を説明するが、その他の基本的な動作は図１と同様のため説明を省略する。
下部の第１の温度検知手段１８が所定温度域、例えば４０〜６０℃を検知した場合、前記図１の説明で記載と同様に、制御手段２１は第４のポンプ１７を動作させ、第３の水配管１６の貯湯タンク９中間部の配管接続位置から所定温度域の湯を第２の蒸発器８へ導き、第２の蒸発器８で冷却された水を貯湯タンク９下部の配管接続位置へと循環させる。
この際、制御手段２１は、第２の温度検知手段１９の情報と第３の温度検知手段２０の情報を比較して、例えば、それぞれの温度が等しくなるように、第４のポンプ１７を制御する。
【００２８】
図１、図４に示すヒートポンプシステムにおいては、第２の蒸発器へ流入する所定温度域の、温度が低下した温水は、貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、第３の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻るので、低外気温時のデフロスト運転率を低減でき、ヒートポンプシステムの加熱効率を向上できる。
【００２９】
また、図１、図４に示すヒートポンプシステムにおいては、貯湯タンクの中間部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第１の温度検知手段が所定温度域の温度を検知すると、制御手段が第３の水回路により所定温度域の、温度が低下した温水を第２の蒸発器に流すので、熱交換における効率の高いヒートポンプシステムがえられる。
【００３０】
また、この発明のさらに別の好適なヒートポンプシステムの冷媒回路図を図５に示す。図５において、２２は貯湯タンク９上部と下部を接続する第４の水回路、２３は第３の水流量調整手段であり、例えば流量可変の第５のポンプ、２４は加熱器１２から流出する給湯用流体の水温を検知する第４の温度検知手段である。即ち、図１において、第２の水回路１１と第３の水回路１６を削除して、加熱器１２を通る第４の水回路２２を設けたものである。その他は図１と同じである。
なお、図１と同一または相当部分には同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
【００３１】
次に動作について説明する。沸上げと給湯利用時の動作については、図１と同様のため省略する。
床暖房利用時は、制御手段２１は第５のポンプ２３を動作させ、第４の水回路２２の貯湯タンク９上部より高温の湯を取出し、加熱器１２に流入させ、床暖房の被加熱流体、例えばブラインと熱交換させ、温度の下がった所定温度域、即ち、中温水の湯を第２の蒸発器８へ導き、第２の蒸発器８で冷却された水を貯湯タンク９下部の配管接続位置へと循環させる。同時に制御手段２１はヒートポンプを運転し、冷媒流量調整手段６を動作させ、膨張弁３を通過した冷媒を第１の蒸発器４と第２の蒸発器８へ冷媒を分配し、あるいは冷媒流量調整手段６を切り換え、第２の蒸発器８に冷媒を導き、冷媒は前記中温水から熱を奪って蒸発する。この際、制御手段２１は、第２の温度検知手段１９の情報と第３の温度検知手段２０の情報を比較して、例えば、それぞれの温度が等しくなるように、冷媒流量調整手段６あるいは第５のポンプ２３を制御する。
【００３２】
また、この発明のさらに別の好適なヒートポンプシステムの冷媒回路図を図６に示す。図６は、図５において、冷媒流量調整手段６を削除し、第２の蒸発器８を第１の蒸発器６の上流で、第１の蒸発器６と直列に接続したものである。その他は、図５のものと同じである。そこで、前記の図と同一または相当部分には同じ符号を付し、説明を省略する。
【００３３】
以下に、制御手段２１による動作を説明するが、その他の基本的な動作は図５と同様のため説明を省略する。
床暖房が動作した場合、制御手段２１は第５のポンプ２３を動作させ、第４の水回路２２の貯湯タンク９上部の配管接続位置から高温の湯を取出し、加熱器１２に流入させ、床暖房の被加熱流体、例えばブラインと熱交換させ、温度の下がった所定温度域、即ち、中温水の湯を第２の蒸発器８へ導き、第２の蒸発器８で冷却された水を貯湯タンク９下部の配管接続位置へと循環させる。
この際、制御手段２１は、第２の温度検知手段１９の情報と第３の温度検知手段２０の情報を比較して、例えば、それぞれの温度が等しくなるように、第５のポンプ２３を制御する。
【００３４】
図５、図６のヒートポンプシステムにおいては、貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、所定温度域の、温度が低下した温水となり第２の蒸発器へ流入し、貯湯タンクの下部に戻るので、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与して暖房でき、かつ、低外気温時のデフロスト運転率を低減でき、ヒートポンプシステムの加熱効率を向上できる。
【００３５】
なお、前記の各実施の形態では、加熱源を必要とする機器による暖房として、床暖房を取り上げたが、本発明は床暖房に限定されるものではなく、例えば、パネルヒータ、ファンコイル、浴室乾燥機、風呂追焚きなど、加熱源を必要とする機器に対して広く利用することができることを言及しておく。
また、水流量調整手段も流量可変のポンプとしているが、流量が調整可能であれば良く、流量一定のポンプと流量調整弁を組み合わせたようなものでもよい。特に、図５や図６のヒートポンプシステムでは、床暖房運転時はヒートポンプ運転が同時に行われ、第１のポンプ１０が動作するため、第５のポンプ２３は必ずしも必要ではなく、流量調整弁だけでもよい。
また、冷媒は、二酸化炭素等の超臨界サイクルを形成する冷媒以外でも、例えば、ＨＦＣ系冷媒、ＨＣ系冷媒、水、空気、ＮＨ3などの自然冷媒いずれを用いた場合にも同様の効果を得ることができる。
【００３６】
本実施の形態のヒートポンプシステムにおいては、第１の蒸発器４と第２の蒸発器８は、両蒸発器への冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段６の下流で、並列に接続されているか、または、第２の蒸発器８を上流とし、第１の蒸発器４を下流とし、両蒸発器は直列に接続されるので、必要に応じて、第２の蒸発器８の負荷を大きくでき、冷媒回路のデフロスト運転率を低減できる。
【００３７】
また、本実施の形態のヒートポンプシステムにおいては、貯湯タンク９の上部から高温の温水として流出し、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器１２を経て、中温の温水となり、貯湯タンク９の中間部に戻る第２の水回路１１を有するので、冷媒回路でデフロストを行っても、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与することができる。
【００３８】
また、本実施の形態のヒートポンプシステムにおいては、冷媒に二酸化炭素等の超臨界サイクルを形成する冷媒を用い、この冷媒と熱交換する給湯用流体を放熱器２に低い温度で流入するようにしているので、効率の低下のないヒートポンプシステムが得られる。
【００３９】
【発明の効果】
以上のように、この発明のヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、第２の蒸発器の冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの中間部から流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように冷媒流量調整手段を制御するので、外気と冷媒が熱交換する第１の蒸発器の負荷を低減でき、低外気時のデフロスト運転率を低減し、システムの加熱効率を向上することができる。
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの中間部から流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、流量調整可能なポンプを有する第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるようにポンプを制御するので、外気と冷媒が熱交換する第１の蒸発器の負荷を低減でき、低外気時のデフロスト運転率を低減し、システムの加熱効率を向上することができる。
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクから流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器を上流とし、第１の蒸発器を下流とし、両蒸発器は直列に接続されるので、必要に応じて、第２の蒸発器８の負荷を大きくでき、冷媒回路のデフロスト運転率を低減できる。
【００４０】
さらに、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、第２の蒸発器の冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの上部から流出し、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水となり、第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、
第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように冷媒流量調整手段を制御するので、外気と冷媒が熱交換する第１の蒸発器の負荷を低減でき、低外気時のデフロスト運転率を低減し、システムの加熱効率を向上することができる。
また、この発明に係るヒートポンプシステムは、冷媒を圧縮する圧縮機、圧縮機から吐出する冷媒と給湯用流体とを熱交換する放熱器、放熱器から流出した冷媒を減圧する膨張弁、第１の蒸発器を順次配管で接続した冷媒回路と、給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、放熱器、貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、制御手段とを備え、第１の蒸発器は、冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器は、冷媒と貯湯タンクの上部から流出し、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、第２の蒸発器へ流入する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水となり、流量調整可能なポンプを有する第２の水回路を通り、第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、第２の水回路における第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、制御手段は、第１の温度検知手段の情報と第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるようにポンプを制御するので、外気と冷媒が熱交換する第１の蒸発器の負荷を低減でき、低外気時のデフロスト運転率を低減し、システムの加熱効率を向上することができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】 この発明の実施の形態によるヒートポンプシステムを示す冷媒回路図である。
【図２】 この発明の実施の形態によるヒートポンプシステムの運転状態を示す図である。
【図３】 貯湯タンク内の水温変化を示す図である。
【図４】 この発明の実施の形態によるヒートポンプシステムを示す別の冷媒回路図である。
【図５】 この発明の実施の形態によるヒートポンプシステムを示す更に別の冷媒回路図である。
【図６】 この発明の実施の形態によるヒートポンプシステムを示す更に別の冷媒回路図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 圧縮機、 ２ 放熱器、 ３ 膨張弁、 ４ 第１の蒸発器、６ 冷媒流量調整手段、 ７ 冷媒配管、８ 第２の蒸発器、９ 貯湯タンク、 １０ 第１の水流量調整手段、１１ 第２の水回路、１２ 加熱器、１６ 第３の水回路、１９ 第２の温度検知手段、２５ 第１の水回路。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a heat pump system having a hot water storage tank, and mainly relates to a heat pump system using a refrigerant that forms a supercritical cycle such as carbon dioxide.
[0002]
[Prior art]
A conventional heat pump system for supplying hot water using a carbon dioxide refrigerant has been as follows (for example, see Patent Document 1).
A conventional heat pump system mainly includes a refrigerant circuit using a carbon dioxide refrigerant, which is a natural refrigerant, and a hot water supply circuit that performs hot water storage for hot water supply, hot water supply, hot water filling of a bath, retreat, and the like.
The refrigerant circuit includes a compressor for compressing the refrigerant, a radiator for exchanging heat with the refrigerant and hot water for bath storage, an expansion valve for expanding the refrigerant from the radiator, and the refrigerant from the expansion valve outside the machine. An evaporator that exchanges heat with air, an internal heat exchanger that exchanges heat between the refrigerant from the radiator and the refrigerant that returns to the compressor, and circulates high-temperature refrigerant from the compressor to the evaporator when the evaporator is frosted A defrosting valve for defrosting, a safety valve for discharging the refrigerant when the pressure of the refrigerant circulating in the circuit becomes abnormally high, and preventing damage to the equipment, and the like.
[0003]
The radiator is formed by a refrigerant heat transfer tube through which refrigerant circulates, a hot water storage heat transfer tube through which hot water is circulated, a heat exchanger tube through which remedy water (bath hot water) is circulated, and the like. Yes. The hot water supply circuit is a hot water storage tank that stores hot water, a hot water storage pump that circulates water from the bottom of the hot water storage tank through the heat transfer pipe for hot water storage of the radiator, and an amount of water that exchanges heat with the refrigerant in the heat transfer pipe for hot water storage. It has a flow control valve to adjust. The hot water supply circuit is provided at the top of the hot water storage tank, and the hot water stored in the hot water storage tank is mixed with tap water to take water at a predetermined temperature, and the heat pump water heater is always open during operation. When the amount of water in the hot water storage tank decreases due to hot water supply, tap water is replenished from the water supply pipe provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank, when the hot water in the hot water storage tank is drained. It has a drain valve that opens.
[0004]
Furthermore, in the hot water supply circuit, a hot water control valve for controlling whether or not to supply hot water to a water intake device that forms a water intake when using hot water such as a currant or a shower, and whether or not to perform hot water filling of a bath are controlled. It has a hot water control valve, a remedy pump that circulates the hot water of the bathtub through a heat transfer pipe for remedy when bathing is performed.
[0005]
Next, the operation will be described. For example, a driving instruction is given by a controller installed in a bathroom or a controller installed in a kitchen, and hot water storage, hot water supply, hot water filling of a bath, bath memorial operation is performed. Usually, the hot water storage tank is set to always maintain a full water state, and the water supply valve is thus opened. However, when water in the hot water storage tank is drained for maintenance or the like, the water supply valve is closed and the drain valve is opened. Water is supplied to the hot water storage tank gently through a water supply valve so that tap water does not agitate the water in the hot water storage tank from a water supply pipe provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank.
[0006]
Then, the hot water storage pump is operated, the opening degree of the flow rate adjusting valve is adjusted, and the operation of the compressor is started. At this time, the rotational speed and valve opening degree of the compressor are controlled based on the outside air temperature, the temperature of the tap water supplied, and the like, as will be described later. When the operation of the compressor is started, the refrigerant compressed to the high temperature and high pressure by the compressor is supplied to the refrigerant heat transfer tube of the radiator. The heat transfer pipe for hot water storage of this radiator circulates water from the hot water storage tank, and bath water circulates in the case of memorial service, so the refrigerant exchanges heat with these waters. Supplied to the internal heat exchanger.
[0007]
[Patent Literature]
JP 2002-106963 A (pages 3 to 6, FIG. 1)
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, when the conventional heat pump system enters the defrost operation, the refrigerant from the compressor enters the evaporator through the defrosting valve and returns to the compressor through the accumulator. As a heat source, it becomes impossible to reheat to obtain heat by exchanging heat with a radiator.
In addition, in the case of a heat pump using carbon dioxide refrigerant, the efficiency decreases when the inflow water temperature flowing into the heat exchanger of the radiator becomes high, but the efficiency decreases because the high water temperature from the reheating flows into the heat exchanger. was there.
[0009]
The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and aims to improve the characteristics of a heat pump system having a hot water storage tank.
That is, an object of the present invention is to obtain a heat pump system that can reduce the defrosting operation rate at low outside air and improve the heating efficiency of the system.
It is another object of the present invention to provide a heat pump system that can always secure a heat source for a heater such as a bath chase or floor heating.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and a hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, and a first evaporator And a first water circuit in which the lower part of the hot water storage tank for storing the hot water supply fluid, the first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and the upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected in order by the pipe,
A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit;Refrigerant flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the refrigerant flow rate of the second evaporator, and control means;The first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator has the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank.Middle part ofSpill from, WarmDegree decreasedIn the specified temperature rangeIt exchanges heat with hot water.Thus, the hot water in the predetermined temperature range that flows into the second evaporator is discharged from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank, passes through the second water circuit, exchanges heat with the second evaporator, and then stores the hot water. Returning to the lower part of the tank, the first temperature detection means is provided at the lower part of the hot water storage tank, the second temperature detection means is provided downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit, The refrigerant flow rate adjusting means is controlled so that the information of the temperature detecting means is equal to the information of the second temperature detecting means.
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which a lower portion of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper portion of the hot water storage tank are connected by piping; A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit; and a control unit, wherein the first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator The hot water flowing out from the intermediate part of the hot water storage tank exchanges heat with the hot water in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, and the hot water flowing into the second evaporator and in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased is stored in the hot water storage tank. Out of the middle part, it has a pump with adjustable flow rate After passing through the water circuit of No. 2 and exchanging heat with the second evaporator, it returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank and is provided with a first temperature detecting means at the lower part of the hot water storage tank, from the second evaporator in the second water circuit. The second temperature detection means is provided on the downstream side, and the control means controls the pump so that the information of the first temperature detection means and the information of the second temperature detection means are equal.RuIs.
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which a lower portion of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper portion of the hot water storage tank are connected by piping; A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit, wherein the first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator flows out of the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank. Heat is exchanged with hot water in a predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, the second evaporator is upstream, the first evaporator is downstream, and both evaporators are connected in series. .
[0011]
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which the evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which the lower part of the hot water storage tank, the first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and the upper part of the hot water storage tank are sequentially connected by piping;A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit, a refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts a refrigerant flow rate of the second evaporator, and a control unit are provided, and the first evaporator includes a refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit, and outside air. Heat exchange, and the second evaporator flows out from the upper part of the refrigerant and hot water storage tank, heat exchanges with hot water in a predetermined temperature range where the temperature has dropped, and flows into the second evaporator. The hot water in the specified temperature range where the temperature has been reduced is the hot water in the specified temperature range where the temperature has decreased through the heater that gives heat to the equipment that requires a heating source. And after passing through the second water circuit and exchanging heat with the second evaporator, it returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, and the first temperature detecting means is provided at the lower part of the hot water tank.
The second temperature detection means is provided downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit, and the control means makes the information of the first temperature detection means and the information of the second temperature detection means equal. Control the refrigerant flow rate adjusting meansIs.
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which a lower portion of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper portion of the hot water storage tank are connected by piping; A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit; and a control unit, wherein the first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator The hot water that flows out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank and exchanges heat with the hot water in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, and the hot water in the predetermined temperature region that has flowed into the second evaporator flows into the upper part of the hot water storage tank. Equipment that requires high-temperature hot water from the heating source After passing through a second water circuit having a pump whose flow rate can be adjusted after passing through a second water circuit having a pump whose flow rate can be adjusted after passing through a heater that applies heat, the water is exchanged in the lower part of the hot water storage tank. Returning, the first temperature detection means is provided in the lower part of the hot water tank, the second temperature detection means is provided downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit, and the control means is the first temperature detection means. And the information of the second temperature detection means are controlled to be equal to each other.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiment 1 FIG.
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a preferred example of the heat pump system of the present invention, wherein 1 is a compressor, 2 is a radiator, 3 is an expansion valve, 4 is a first evaporator, 5 is a fan, For example, a refrigerant flow rate adjusting means 8 comprising a combination of a solenoid valve and a flow rate adjusting valve, a second evaporator 8, a second evaporator for exchanging heat with hot water in the first evaporator 4 and hot water storage tank 9 for exchanging heat with outside air. The evaporator 8 is separated by the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means 6 and connected in parallel.
A refrigerant circuit 7 connects a compressor, a radiator, an expansion valve, a refrigerant flow rate adjusting means, a first evaporator, and a second evaporator with piping.
[0013]
Further, 9 is a hot water storage tank, 10 is a first water flow rate adjusting means, for example, a variable flow first pump, 11 is a second water circuit for connecting the upper part of the hot water storage tank 9 and the intermediate portion of the hot
[0014]
Next, the operation will be described. First, the operation of stacking and boiling the hot water storage tank 9 will be described. The hot water storage tank 9 is filled with low temperature water, and the low temperature water is guided from the lower part of the hot water storage tank 9 to the radiator 2 by the
[0015]
Next, the operation of the refrigeration cycle will be described. The refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 exchanges heat with a hot water supply fluid such as water in the radiator 2, the refrigerant is cooled, and the water is heated. Further, the refrigerant is decompressed by the expansion valve 3, evaporated by the air sent by the fan 5 in the first evaporator 4, and forms a refrigeration cycle that circulates to the compressor 1.
[0016]
Next, the operation of hot water supply will be described. For example, when the water temperature of tap water is 10 ° C., the water temperature stored in the hot water storage tank 9 is 85 ° C., and the water temperature used for hot water supply is 40 ° C., 10 ° C. water is transferred to the bottom of the hot water storage tank 9 by a known water supply means (not shown). Water is further supplied, and 85 ° C. hot water is discharged from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 9. Further, the discharged 85 ° C. hot water and 10 ° C. water are mixed and supplied as 40 ° C. hot water.
[0017]
Here, although the hot water supply temperature is 40 ° C., the water temperature can be arbitrarily set by the user, and the hot water can be supplied as desired hot water by changing the mixing ratio of the high temperature water and the low temperature water with respect to the setting. . Although this is not shown, it is mixed by a known mixer and hot water is supplied.
[0018]
Next, the operation of floor heating will be described. The high temperature hot water taken out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 9 by the
[0019]
Here, a description will be given of the refrigerant state when the temperature of the supplied water, which is a heat exchange partner, is low and high in a heat pump system using a refrigerant that performs supercritical operation such as carbon dioxide. For example, FIG. 2 shows a cycle state X in which the water supplied to the radiator 2 at a boiling temperature of 85 ° C. is 15 ° C. and a cycle state Y in which the supplied water is 50 ° C. When the water temperature supplied to the radiator 2 is 15 ° C., the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the radiator 2 is (15 + α) ° C. in order to exchange heat with water. For example, when α = 10 ° C., the refrigerant temperature at the outlet of the radiator 2 is 25 ° C., and the cycle state X (ABCD) is obtained. When the water temperature supplied to the radiator 2 is 50 ° C., the refrigerant temperature at the radiator outlet is 60 ° C., and the cycle state Y (A-B-C′-D ′) is obtained. In the cycle state Y, the heating capacity is reduced as compared with the cycle state X, so that the COP (coefficient of performance) is reduced. Therefore, COP (coefficient of performance) decreases when the water temperature supplied to the radiator 2 increases.
[0020]
Next, the water temperature state in the hot water storage tank 9 will be described with reference to FIG. In FIG. 3, the horizontal axis indicates the temperature in the hot water storage tank 9, and the vertical axis indicates the position of the hot water storage tank 9 in the height direction. For example, when the boiling temperature is 85 ° C., the boiling proceeds as shown in the operation of the laminated boiling, and when the boiling is completed, the hot water storage tank 9 is hot water at 85 ° C. (a ). When hot water is used from this state, assuming that the temperature of the tap water is 10 ° C., the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 9 is 10 ° C. at the lower part of the hot water tank 9 and 85 ° C. at the upper part of the hot water tank 9. And stratified to two temperatures (b) across the boundary (mixed layer) of the water and high temperature water.
[0021]
Thereafter, when floor heating is used, the temperature of the antifreeze liquid fed to the
[0022]
Due to the floor heating operation, hot water of about 40 ° C. is stored in the hot water storage tank 9 in the middle part, and the water temperature in the hot water storage tank 9 is approximately 10 ° C. at the lower part of the hot
[0023]
Here, when the amount of remaining hot water (amount of available hot water) in the hot water storage tank 9 decreases or when a predetermined time, for example, a midnight time zone, is reached, boiling by heat pump operation is started. At the start of boiling, low temperature water at 10 ° C. below the hot water storage tank 9 is supplied to the heat pump, and normal boiling is performed.
[0024]
After a while, medium-temperature water of about 40 ° C. located in the middle part of the hot water storage tank 9 moves to the lower part of the hot water storage tank 9 and is supplied to the heat pump. Therefore, when the first temperature detection means 18 at the lower part detects a predetermined temperature range, for example, 40 to 60 ° C., the control means 21 operates the
[0025]
At the same time, the control means 21 operates the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means 6, distributes the refrigerant that has passed through the expansion valve 3 to the first evaporator 4 and the second evaporator 8, or switches the refrigerant flow rate adjustment means 6. The refrigerant is led to the second evaporator 8, and the refrigerant evaporates by taking heat from the intermediate temperature water.
At this time, the control means 21 compares the information of the second temperature detection means 19 and the information of the third temperature detection means 20, and for example, adjusts the refrigerant flow rate adjustment means 6 or the first temperature so that the respective temperatures become equal. 4 pump 17 is controlled.
[0026]
Thus, the operating rate of the 1st evaporator 4 which heat-exchanges with external air can be reduced by utilizing the hot water of the temperature range which cannot be used as hot water supply as a heat source which heats the refrigerant | coolant of an evaporator. That is, defrosting operation due to frost formation at low outside air temperature can be reduced, and the heating efficiency of the system is improved. Further, in such a system that combines hot water supply and heating, the system operation rate is increased particularly in winter, and the frequency of occurrence of defrost operation is also increased, so that the effect is further increased.
[0027]
Moreover, the refrigerant circuit diagram of another suitable heat pump system of this invention is shown in FIG. The refrigerant circuit diagram of FIG. 4 is obtained by removing the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means 6 and connecting the second evaporator 8 upstream of the first evaporator 4 in series with the first evaporator 4 in FIG. Others are the same as in the first embodiment.
In FIG. 4, the same or corresponding parts as in FIG. The operation by the control means will be described below, but the other basic operations are the same as in FIG.
When the lower first
At this time, the control means 21 compares the information of the second temperature detection means 19 and the information of the third temperature detection means 20, and controls the
[0028]
In the heat pump system shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the hot water whose temperature has fallen in the predetermined temperature region flowing into the second evaporator exits from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank, passes through the third water circuit, After the heat exchange with the evaporator 2, it returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, so that the defrosting operation rate at the low outside air temperature can be reduced and the heating efficiency of the heat pump system can be improved.
[0029]
In the heat pump system shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the first temperature detection means is provided in the middle portion of the hot water storage tank, and when the first temperature detection means detects the temperature in the predetermined temperature range, the control means is the third. The hot water whose temperature is lowered in the predetermined temperature range is caused to flow to the second evaporator by the water circuit, so that a heat pump system with high efficiency in heat exchange can be obtained.
[0030]
FIG. 5 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram of still another preferred heat pump system of the present invention. In FIG. 5, 22 is a fourth water circuit connecting the upper and lower parts of the hot
In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to FIG. 1 and an equivalent part, and description is abbreviate | omitted.
[0031]
Next, the operation will be described. The operations at the time of boiling and using hot water are the same as in FIG.
When using the floor heating, the control means 21 operates the
[0032]
FIG. 6 shows a refrigerant circuit diagram of still another preferred heat pump system of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows a configuration in which the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means 6 is omitted and the second evaporator 8 is connected in series with the first evaporator 6 upstream of the first evaporator 6 in FIG. Others are the same as those of FIG. Therefore, the same reference numerals are given to the same or corresponding parts as those in the above drawings, and the description thereof is omitted.
[0033]
The operation of the control means 21 will be described below, but the other basic operations are the same as those in FIG.
When the floor heating is operated, the control means 21 operates the
At this time, the control means 21 compares the information of the second temperature detection means 19 and the information of the third temperature detection means 20, and controls the
[0034]
In the heat pump system shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the hot water having a high temperature that has come out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank passes through a heater that applies heat to the device that requires a heating source, and the hot water has a reduced temperature in a predetermined temperature range. Because it flows into the second evaporator and returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, heat can be applied by heating the equipment that requires a heating source, and the defrosting operation rate at low outside temperatures can be reduced. The heating efficiency can be improved.
[0035]
In each of the above-described embodiments, floor heating is taken up as heating by a device that requires a heating source. However, the present invention is not limited to floor heating, and includes, for example, a panel heater, a fan coil, and a bathroom. It should be noted that it can be widely used for equipment that requires a heating source, such as a dryer and a bath heater.
Also, the water flow rate adjusting means is a variable flow rate pump, but it is sufficient that the flow rate can be adjusted, and a pump having a constant flow rate and a flow rate adjusting valve may be combined. In particular, in the heat pump system of FIGS. 5 and 6, since the heat pump operation is simultaneously performed during the floor heating operation and the
In addition, the refrigerant may be other than a refrigerant that forms a supercritical cycle such as carbon dioxide, for example, an HFC refrigerant, an HC refrigerant, water, air, NH,ThreeThe same effect can be obtained when any natural refrigerant such as is used.
[0036]
In the heat pump system of the present embodiment, are the first evaporator 4 and the second evaporator 8 connected in parallel downstream of the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means 6 that adjusts the refrigerant flow rate to both evaporators? Alternatively, the second evaporator 8 is upstream, the first evaporator 4 is downstream, and both evaporators are connected in series. Therefore, if necessary, the load on the second evaporator 8 can be increased. The defrosting operation rate of the refrigerant circuit can be reduced.
[0037]
In the heat pump system of the present embodiment, hot water flows out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank 9 and passes through a
[0038]
In the heat pump system of the present embodiment, a refrigerant that forms a supercritical cycle such as carbon dioxide is used as the refrigerant, and the hot water supply fluid that exchanges heat with the refrigerant flows into the radiator 2 at a low temperature. As a result, a heat pump system with no reduction in efficiency can be obtained.
[0039]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the heat pump system of the present invention includes a compressor for compressing refrigerant, a radiator for exchanging heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve for decompressing the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which one evaporator is sequentially connected by a pipe, and a first water circuit in which a lower part of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected by a pipe. And a second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit,Refrigerant flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the refrigerant flow rate of the second evaporator, and control means;The first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator has the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank.Middle part ofSpill from, WarmDegree decreasedIn the specified temperature rangeIt exchanges heat with hot water.Thus, the hot water in the predetermined temperature range that flows into the second evaporator is discharged from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank, passes through the second water circuit, exchanges heat with the second evaporator, and then stores the hot water. Returning to the lower part of the tank, the first temperature detection means is provided at the lower part of the hot water storage tank, the second temperature detection means is provided downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit, The refrigerant flow rate adjusting means is controlled so that the information of the temperature detecting means is equal to the information of the second temperature detecting means.So with the open airRefrigerantCan reduce the load on the first evaporator for heat exchange, reduce the defrosting operation rate when the outside air is low, and improve the heating efficiency of the system.
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which a lower portion of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper portion of the hot water storage tank are connected by piping; A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit; and a control unit, wherein the first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator The hot water flowing out from the intermediate part of the hot water storage tank exchanges heat with the hot water in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, and the hot water flowing into the second evaporator and in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased is stored in the hot water storage tank. Out of the middle part, it has a pump with adjustable flow rate After passing through the water circuit of No. 2 and exchanging heat with the second evaporator, it returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank and is provided with a first temperature detecting means at the lower part of the hot water storage tank, from the second evaporator in the second water circuit. The second temperature detection means is provided on the downstream side, and the control means controls the pump so that the information of the first temperature detection means and the information of the second temperature detection means become equal. The load of the 1st evaporator to replace | exchange can be reduced, the defrost operation rate at the time of low external air can be reduced, and the heating efficiency of a system can be improved.
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which a lower portion of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper portion of the hot water storage tank are connected by piping; A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit, wherein the first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator flows out of the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank. Heat exchange with hot water in a predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, the second evaporator is upstream, the first evaporator is downstream, and both evaporators are connected in series. The load on the second evaporator 8 can be increased according to the refrigerant cycle. It is possible to reduce the defrost operation rate.
[0040]
Furthermore, the heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that depressurizes the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which the evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which the lower part of the hot water storage tank, the first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and the upper part of the hot water storage tank are sequentially connected by piping;A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit, a refrigerant flow rate adjusting unit that adjusts a refrigerant flow rate of the second evaporator, and a control unit are provided, and the first evaporator includes a refrigerant that flows through the refrigerant circuit, and outside air. Heat exchange, and the second evaporator flows out from the upper part of the refrigerant and hot water storage tank, heat exchanges with hot water in a predetermined temperature range where the temperature has dropped, and flows into the second evaporator. The hot water in the specified temperature range where the temperature has been reduced is the hot water in the specified temperature range where the temperature has decreased through the heater that gives heat to the equipment that requires a heating source. And after passing through the second water circuit and exchanging heat with the second evaporator, it returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank, and the first temperature detecting means is provided at the lower part of the hot water tank.
The second temperature detection means is provided downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit, and the control means makes the information of the first temperature detection means and the information of the second temperature detection means equal. Since the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means is controlled, the load on the first evaporator, which exchanges heat between the outside air and the refrigerant, can be reduced, the defrosting operation rate at the time of low outside air can be reduced, and the heating efficiency of the system can be improved.
The heat pump system according to the present invention includes a compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant flowing out of the radiator, A refrigerant circuit in which evaporators are sequentially connected by piping, a first water circuit in which a lower portion of a hot water storage tank for storing hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, a radiator, and an upper portion of the hot water storage tank are connected by piping; A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit; and a control unit, wherein the first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing in the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator The hot water that flows out from the upper part of the hot water storage tank and exchanges heat with the hot water in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, and the hot water in the predetermined temperature region that has flowed into the second evaporator flows into the upper part of the hot water storage tank. Equipment that requires high-temperature hot water from the heating source After passing through a second water circuit having a pump whose flow rate can be adjusted after passing through a second water circuit having a pump whose flow rate can be adjusted after passing through a heater that applies heat, the water is exchanged in the lower part of the hot water storage tank. Returning, the first temperature detection means is provided in the lower part of the hot water tank, the second temperature detection means is provided downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit, and the control means is the first temperature detection means. Since the pump is controlled so that the information on the second temperature detection means is equal to the information on the second temperature detection means, the load on the first evaporator where heat is exchanged between the outside air and the refrigerant can be reduced, and the defrosting operation rate at the time of low outside air is reduced. In addition, the heating efficiency of the system can be improved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a refrigerant circuit diagram showing a heat pump system according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an operating state of the heat pump system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a change in water temperature in a hot water storage tank.
FIG. 4 is another refrigerant circuit diagram showing the heat pump system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 5 is still another refrigerant circuit diagram showing the heat pump system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is still another refrigerant circuit diagram showing the heat pump system according to the embodiment of the present invention.
[Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor, 2 Radiator, 3 Expansion valve, 4 First evaporator, 6 Refrigerant flow rate adjustment means, 7 Refrigerant piping, 8 Second evaporator, 9 Hot water storage tank, 10 First water flow rate adjustment means, 11 2nd water circuit, 12 heater, 16 3rd water circuit, 19 2nd temperature detection means, 25 1st water circuit.
Claims (8)
給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、前記放熱器、前記貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、
前記冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、
この第２の蒸発器の冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段と、
制御手段とを備え、
前記第１の蒸発器は、前記冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、前記第２の蒸発器は、前記冷媒と前記貯湯タンクの中間部から流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、
前記第２の蒸発器へ流入する、前記温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、前記貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、第２の水回路を通り、前記第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、前記貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、
前記第２の水回路における前記第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、
前記制御手段は、前記第１の温度検知手段の情報と前記第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように前記冷媒流量調整手段を制御することを特徴とするヒートポンプシステム。A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator, and a first evaporator are sequentially connected by piping. A refrigerant circuit;
A first water circuit in which a lower part of a hot water storage tank for storing a hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and an upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected in order by piping;
A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit ;
Refrigerant flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the refrigerant flow rate of the second evaporator;
Control means ,
Said first evaporator, which the refrigerant and the outside air flowing through the refrigerant circuit is heat exchange, the second evaporator flows out from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank and the refrigerant, temperature decrease all SANYO that the hot water of a predetermined temperature range that is heat exchange,
The hot water in the predetermined temperature range that has flowed down into the second evaporator exits from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank, passes through the second water circuit, and is subjected to heat exchange in the second evaporator. Return to the bottom of the hot water storage tank,
First temperature detection means is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank,
Providing a second temperature detection means downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit;
Wherein, a heat pump system characterized that you control the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means so that the information of the first temperature sensing means information and said second temperature sensing means is equal.
給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、前記放熱器、前記貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、
前記冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、
制御手段とを備え、
前記第１の蒸発器は、前記冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、前記第２の蒸発器は、前記冷媒と前記貯湯タンクの中間部から流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、
前記第２の蒸発器へ流入する、前記温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、前記貯湯タンクの中間部から出て、流量調整可能なポンプを有する第２の水回路を通り、前記第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、前記貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、
前記第２の水回路における前記第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、
前記制御手段は、前記第１の温度検知手段の情報と前記第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように前記ポンプを制御することを特徴とするヒートポンプシステム。A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator, and a first evaporator are sequentially connected by piping. A refrigerant circuit;
A first water circuit in which a lower part of a hot water storage tank for storing a hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and an upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected in order by piping;
A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit ;
Control means ,
The first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator flows out of the intermediate portion of the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank , and the temperature is lowered. all SANYO that the hot water of a predetermined temperature range to heat exchange,
The hot water in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased and flows into the second evaporator exits from the intermediate portion of the hot water storage tank, passes through a second water circuit having a pump whose flow rate can be adjusted, and the second water circuit. After exchanging heat with the evaporator, return to the bottom of the hot water storage tank,
First temperature detection means is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank,
Providing a second temperature detection means downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit;
The control means, the first heat pump system in which the information of the information and the second temperature sensing means of the temperature detection means, characterized that you control the pump to be equal to.
給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、前記放熱器、前記貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、
前記冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器とを備え、
前記第１の蒸発器は、前記冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、前記第２の蒸発器は、前記冷媒と前記貯湯タンクから流出する、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、
前記第２の蒸発器を上流とし、前記第１の蒸発器を下流とし、前記両蒸発器は直列に接続されることを特徴とするヒートポンプシステム。 A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator, and a first evaporator are sequentially connected by piping. A refrigerant circuit;
A first water circuit in which a lower part of a hot water storage tank for storing a hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and an upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected in order by piping;
A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit,
The first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator flows out of the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank and falls in a predetermined temperature range. Heat exchange with hot water
Said second evaporator and upstream, said first evaporator and downstream, the two evaporator characteristics and be Ruhi over preparative pump system to be connected in series.
給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、前記放熱器、前記貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、
前記冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、
この第２の蒸発器の冷媒流量を調整する冷媒流量調整手段と、
制御手段とを備え、
前記第１の蒸発器は、前記冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、前記第２の蒸発器は、前記冷媒と前記貯湯タンクの上部から流出し、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、
前記第２の蒸発器へ流入する前記温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、前記貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水となり、第２の水回路を通り、前記第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、前記貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、
前記第２の水回路における前記第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、
前記制御手段は、前記第１の温度検知手段の情報と前記第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように前記冷媒流量調整手段を制御することを特徴とするヒートポンプシステム。 A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator, and a first evaporator are sequentially connected by piping. A refrigerant circuit;
A first water circuit in which a lower part of a hot water storage tank for storing a hot water supply fluid, a first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and an upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected in order by piping;
A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit;
Refrigerant flow rate adjusting means for adjusting the refrigerant flow rate of the second evaporator;
Control means,
The first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator flows from the upper part of the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank, and the temperature is lowered. Heat exchange with hot water in the temperature range,
The hot water in the predetermined temperature range where the temperature has flowed down into the second evaporator passes through a heater in which high-temperature hot water from the upper part of the hot water storage tank applies heat to a device that requires a heating source. becomes a hot water of a predetermined temperature range the temperature decreases through the second water circuit, after the heat exchange in the second evaporator, to return to the lower portion of the hot water storage tank,
First temperature detection means is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank,
Providing a second temperature detection means downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit;
Wherein, a heat pump system characterized that you control the refrigerant flow rate adjusting means so that the information of the first temperature sensing means information and said second temperature sensing means is equal.
給湯用流体を貯める貯湯タンクの下部、第１の水流量調整手段、前記放熱器、前記貯湯タンクの上部を順次配管で接続した第１の水回路と、
前記冷媒回路に設けた第２の蒸発器と、
制御手段とを備え、
前記第１の蒸発器は、前記冷媒回路を流れる冷媒と外気とが熱交換するものであり、前記第２の蒸発器は、前記冷媒と前記貯湯タンクの上部から流出し、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水とが熱交換するものであり、
前記第２の蒸発器へ流入する、前記温度が低下した所定温度域の温水は、前記貯湯タンクの上部から出た高温の温水が、加熱源を必要とする機器に熱を付与する加熱器を経て、温度が低下した所定温度域の温水となり、流量調整可能なポンプを有する第２の水回路を通り、前記第２の蒸発器で熱交換後、前記貯湯タンクの下部に戻り、
前記貯湯タンクの下部に第１の温度検知手段を設け、
前記第２の水回路における前記第２の蒸発器より下流側に第２の温度検知手段を設け、
前記制御手段は、前記第１の温度検知手段の情報と前記第２の温度検知手段の情報とが等しくなるように前記ポンプを制御することを特徴とするヒートポンプシステム。A compressor that compresses the refrigerant, a radiator that exchanges heat between the refrigerant discharged from the compressor and the hot water supply fluid, an expansion valve that decompresses the refrigerant that has flowed out of the radiator, and a first evaporator are sequentially connected by piping. A refrigerant circuit;
A first water circuit in which a lower part of a hot water storage tank for storing a hot water supply fluid , a first water flow rate adjusting means, the radiator, and an upper part of the hot water storage tank are connected in order by piping;
A second evaporator provided in the refrigerant circuit;
Control means,
The first evaporator exchanges heat between the refrigerant flowing through the refrigerant circuit and the outside air, and the second evaporator flows from the upper part of the refrigerant and the hot water storage tank, and the temperature is lowered. Heat exchange with hot water in the temperature range,
The hot water flowing into the second evaporator and having a reduced temperature in a predetermined temperature range includes a heater that heats the hot water from the upper part of the hot water storage tank to a device that requires a heating source. After that, it becomes hot water in a predetermined temperature range where the temperature has decreased, passes through a second water circuit having a pump whose flow rate can be adjusted, returns to the lower part of the hot water storage tank after heat exchange with the second evaporator,
First temperature detection means is provided at the bottom of the hot water storage tank,
Providing a second temperature detection means downstream of the second evaporator in the second water circuit;
The said control means controls the said pump so that the information of a said 1st temperature detection means and the information of a said 2nd temperature detection means become equal, The heat pump system characterized by the above-mentioned .
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2002267713A JP4178446B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2002-09-13 | Heat pump system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| JP2002267713A JP4178446B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2002-09-13 | Heat pump system |
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| JP2004108597A JP2004108597A (en) | 2004-04-08 |
| JP2004108597A5 JP2004108597A5 (en) | 2005-08-04 |
| JP4178446B2 true JP4178446B2 (en) | 2008-11-12 |
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| JP2002267713A Expired - Lifetime JP4178446B2 (en) | 2002-09-13 | 2002-09-13 | Heat pump system |
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| JP2008170015A (en) * | 2005-04-25 | 2008-07-24 | Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd | Refrigeration cycle equipment with hot water tank |
| KR100556200B1 (en) | 2005-11-29 | 2006-03-03 | (주)유일멀티하이테크 | Heat pump type hot water supply device that combines air cooling and water cooling |
| JP5073970B2 (en) | 2006-06-01 | 2012-11-14 | 日立アプライアンス株式会社 | Heat pump hot water floor heater |
| JP4856489B2 (en) * | 2006-07-31 | 2012-01-18 | サンデン株式会社 | Water heater |
| KR100695974B1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2007-03-16 | 주식회사 스코넷 | Heat Pump Heating System |
| WO2008018698A1 (en) * | 2006-08-10 | 2008-02-14 | Sconet Co., Ltd. | Heat pump-type heating apparatus |
| WO2008023889A1 (en) * | 2006-08-21 | 2008-02-28 | Sconet Co., Ltd. | Heat pump-type heating apparatus of both air cooling and water cooling |
| JP4337126B2 (en) | 2006-11-02 | 2009-09-30 | 靖夫 内川 | Supercritical heat pump equipment |
| WO2008053959A1 (en) * | 2006-11-02 | 2008-05-08 | Yasuo Uchikawa | Supercritical heat pump device |
| JP4889472B2 (en) * | 2006-12-19 | 2012-03-07 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Thermal storage water heater |
| JP4890320B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-03-07 | シャープ株式会社 | Heat pump hot water supply system |
| WO2009148011A1 (en) | 2008-06-06 | 2009-12-10 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Hot water system |
| JP5003645B2 (en) * | 2008-10-03 | 2012-08-15 | ダイキン工業株式会社 | Heat exchanger and hot water system |
| JP2011242090A (en) * | 2010-05-20 | 2011-12-01 | Denso Corp | Heat pump cycle device |
| JP4779052B1 (en) * | 2010-09-16 | 2011-09-21 | 三上 征宏 | Air-conditioning water heater |
| JP5980025B2 (en) * | 2012-07-17 | 2016-08-31 | 大阪瓦斯株式会社 | Fuel cell cogeneration system |
| EP3290827A1 (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-03-07 | Vaillant GmbH | Defrosting without reversing refrigerant cycle |
| CN113942370B (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2024-06-25 | 应雪汽车科技(常熟)有限公司 | Automobile air conditioning system and working method thereof |
| CN114322353A (en) * | 2021-12-31 | 2022-04-12 | 青岛海尔空调电子有限公司 | Heat storage defrosting air conditioning system |
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2002
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