JP4178494B2 - Grain drying equipment - Google Patents

Description

初期の所定温度に熱風温度を決定して乾燥開始するが、穀物の乾燥が進行するに従って低下する穀物水分値に応じて所定温度を低下させるようにしてある。つまり乾燥中の穀物水分を検出しながらその水分値に応じて所定温度を低下させるよう、水分値と温度とを予め設定してＲＯＭ２２ｃに記憶してある。従って張り込み量Ｎに応じて選択されるのは、所定温度（外気温Ｋ１＋２０゜Ｃ）とステップ（５−９）に示した所定温度を切り換えるための第１から第３の水分値と、図６に示すこの水分値のときに対応して切り換える所定温度（外気温Ｋ１＋○゜Ｃ）であり、これらがＲＯＭ２２ｃから読み出されてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶される。
【００２８】
このように乾燥開始とともに張り込み量Ｎに応じて所定温度が設定されると、設定された所定温度に応じて図６で示す制御が行われる。まずＲＡＭ２２ｄに設定したカウントＣを０にリセットする。Ｉ／Ｏポート２２ａを介して得られる水分検出装置１８の信号を、例えば１０分間隔で定期的に検出（６−１）し、この穀物水分値Ｍを、第１水分の２１％と比較（６−２）し、穀物水分が２１％以上であれば制御装置２２のＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶されている所定温度Ｔ0は外気温Ｋ１＋２０゜Ｃのままとなる。また、穀物水分Ｍが２１％未満、１７％以上であれば（６−３）制御装置２２のＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶されている所定温度Ｔ0が外気温Ｋ１＋７゜Ｃに変更される。更に穀物水分Ｍが１７％未満、１５％以上であれば（６−４）制御装置２２のＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶されている所定温度Ｔ0が外気温Ｋ１+５゜Ｃに変更される。
【００２９】
ステップ（６−４）で１５％未満と判断されたときには、水分検出（６−１）前にＲＡＭ２２ｄ設定されているカウンターＣに１が記憶（６−５）される。このように穀物水分が変化するごとに制御装置２２の所定温度Ｔ0が変更されるので、穀物水分に応じて穀物に最適な乾燥風温度によって乾燥が進められる。１５％未満を３回検出（６−６）したならば、乾燥が完了したものと判断され、制御装置２２からバーナー装置１４の駆動回路２６にバーナＳＴＯＰ信号が出力（６−７）され、また、任意の遅延時間をおいて取り出し部モータ２５ｂを停止するようモータ駆動回路２５に信号が出力（６−８）され、更に遅延時間をおいてバケットコンベアモータ２５ｃとファンモータ２５ａを停止するようモータ駆動回路２５に信号が出力（６−８）された後制御プログラムの実行が終了する。
【００３０】
ステップ（６−６）で水分値が１５％未満を３回検出するまでは、引き続いて図７の制御、すなわち乾燥風温度センサー２１により検出した乾燥風温度によるバーナー装置１４の制御を説明する。前述のようにＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶された所定温度Ｔ0を基準（７−１）として、乾燥風温度センサー２１で検出した乾燥風温度Tと比較（７−２）し、乾燥風温度Ｔが所定温度Ｔ0より高いときには、制御装置２２からバ−ナ−装置１４へ燃料供給量を低減させる信号を出力（７−３）する。また、乾燥風温度Ｔが所定温度Ｔ0より低いときには、制御装置２２からバーナー装置１４へ燃料供給量を増加させる信号を出力（７−４）する。乾燥風温度Ｔと所定温度Ｔ0とが一致した場合には信号は出力されず（７−５）、繰り返し乾燥風温度Ｔの検出が行われる。
【００３１】
引き続いて本発明の特徴的な制御である図８の制御が実行される。すなわち、加熱風の異常上昇温度を検出したときのバーナー装置１４の制御（以下「加熱風異常温度時におけるバーナー装置の制御」という。）である。まず、ＲＡＭ２２ｄに設けたカウントＮをリセットして０（ゼロ）にする。次にＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶した値Ｈを外気温度Ｋ１に入れてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶する。ＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶された外気温度Ｋ１と異常基準温度とを読み出し、外気温度Ｋ１に異常基準温度を加算してこの値を上限温度ＪとしてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（８−１）する。前記加熱風温度センサー４４によって検出された加熱風温度ＷをＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（８−２）する。次に、上限温度Ｊと加熱風温度Ｗとを読み出して比較（８−３）する。この比較の結果、加熱風温度Ｗの値が上限温度Ｊの値よりも小さければ加熱風温度は正常として判断され図６で示したステップ（６−１）の水分値検出に戻る。また加熱風温度Ｗの値が上限温度Ｊの値と一致しなければステップ（６−１）の水分値検出に戻るようにしてもよい。一方、加熱風温度Ｗの値が上限温度Ｊの値よりも大きければ加熱風温度は異常として判断し、バーナＳＴＯＰ信号を制御装置２２からバーナ装置１４内に設けられた駆動回路２６に出力（８−４）するとともに、バーナー装置１４の停止が一回目であることを記憶するためにカウントＮに１を加算する。ここでも加熱風温度Ｗの値が上限温度Ｊの値と一致するとステップ（８−４）に進むようにしてもよい。次にＲＡＭ２２ｄに設けたタイマー回路によって所定時間を計る（８−５）。この所定時間は適宜設定されるもので、加熱風及び／又は乾燥風温度が外気温度まで低下する時間、例えば６分間を適宜設定する。この６分の間も排風ファン２０、取り出し部１０及び還流手段１１，４３は作動中であり、通風管１２内及び乾燥部７内には外気が取り込まれるため加熱風及び乾燥風は徐々に低下すると共に、乾燥装置内を循環する穀物は温度低下する乾燥風が通風されるので穀物温度は低下する。この所定時間が経過した後、乾燥風温度センサー２１によって外気温度まで低下した乾燥風温度を検出して該検出温度を外気温度Ｋ１としてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（８−６）する。該ステップ（８−６）でＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶した外気温度Ｋ１を読み出し該外気温度Ｋ１から例えば３℃（３℃×１（Ｎ））引いた値を外気温度Ｋ１としてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（８−７）する。この後、制御装置２２はバーナ装置１４内に設けられた駆動回路２６にバーナースタート信号を出力（８−８）し、図６で示したステップ（６−１）の水分値検出に戻る。なお、ステップ（８−７）において、バーナー装置１４の停止が二回目となればカウントＮが２となるので６℃引いた外気温度Ｋ１をＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶する。
なお、図８のフローチャートには示してはないが、制御装置２２により、加熱風温度の異常温度が検出されると警報を鳴らすようにすると作業者に乾燥運転の異常を知らせることができる。
【００３２】
図６で示したステップ（６−１）に戻ると水分値検出を行った後検出された水分値によって所定温度が再設定される。このとき外気温度Ｋ１は前記ステップ（８−７）で３℃引かれているので実際の外気温度よりも３℃低い温度となり、これにより所定温度も３℃低い温度として設定される。バーナー装置１４によって加熱される加熱風の温度は図７で示した制御、つまり乾燥風温度を３℃低い所定温度にするための燃料低減信号によってバーナー装置１４の停止前よりも低くなる。よって、加熱風温度はバーナー装置１４の停止前より３℃低下し、乾燥風温度も同じく３℃低下する。よって、バーナー装置１４の再作動に際して穀物に安全な作動を行うことができ、また、加熱風温度が再度上昇しても乾燥風温度を低下させている分加熱風温度が異常温度になるまでの時間が長いのでバーナー装置１４が停止するまでの間は長くなり、この間穀物は乾燥される。一方、加熱風及び又は乾燥風を外気温度まで低下させ穀物温度も低下させるので穀物の過加熱状態の持続による品質低下を防ぐことができる。
【００３３】
本願発明の制御によれば、穀物乾燥装置内の風量が低下する非常事態に伴って加熱風温度が上昇し、加熱風温度の異常温度が検出されるまでの温度上昇幅が従来のように外気温度の違いによって大小の差を生じることがない。その理由を説明する。それは、上限温度Ｊ＝外気温度Ｋ１＋異常基準温度としているからである。具体的に説明すると、異常基準温度は外気温度の変化に関わらず例えば１５０℃とする。そして、外気温度が例えば５℃と２０℃の場合を説明する。外気温度が５℃のとき、上限温度は１５５℃となり加熱風温度は例えば１４５℃であったとする。一方、外気温度が２０℃のときの上限温度は１７０℃となり加熱風温度は外気温度の差温度分の１５℃高い１６０℃となる。このとき加熱風温度と上限温度との温度差は、外気温度が５℃と２０℃とで違う場合であっても共に１０℃となる。よって、加熱風温度の異常温度が検出されるまでの温度上昇幅が従来のように外気温度の違いによって大小の差を生じることがないので、通風管１２によって加熱される穀物の温度がばらつくことがない。
【００３４】
また、従来のように、バーナー装置１４を一定時間停止させ再作動したときに外気温度が乾燥風温度（所定温度）の低下分又はそれ以上上昇したとしても、加熱風の異常温度を検知するための前記上限温度Ｊは、上限温度Ｊ＝外気温度Ｋ１＋異常基準温度としたので、バーナー装置１４は停止することがない。具体的に説明する。前記異常基準温度は外気温度の変化に関わらず例えば１５０℃とする。加熱風の異常温度を検出したときの外気温度を２０℃としたときの上限温度Ｊは１７０℃となる。そして、所定時間バーナー装置１４を停止させて再作動するときの外気温度が２３℃に上昇していたとし、さらに、バーナー装置１４の再作動時に加熱風温度を１℃低下させたとする。この場合、バーナー装置１４は停止しない。その理由を説明する。再作動時における加熱風温度は、外気温度の３℃上昇分と加熱風温度の１℃低下分の差温度２℃だけ上昇することになり１７２℃となる。一方、再作動時の上限温度Ｊは、外気温度（２３℃）＋異常基準温度（１５０℃）で１７３℃となる。よって、加熱風温度（１７２℃）は上限温度（１７３℃）よりも低いので異常温度として判断されることがない。よって、バーナー装置１４が停止することなく穀物の乾燥が続けられることになる。
【００３５】
図８の加熱風異常温度時におけるバーナー装置の制御に係る別の実施例を図９及び図１０を参照しながら二つ説明する。一つ目を説明する。図８の制御においてバーナー装置１４の停止後再作動はタイマーによって所定時間経過した時点で行うようにしたが、図９に示す制御では、加熱風温度が低下しなくなった時点でバーナー装置１４を再作動させるものである。図９において波線で囲んだ部分は図８の制御と異なる部分を示している。具体的に説明する。制御装置２２はバーナー装置１４の駆動回路２６にバーナーＳＴＯＰ信号を出力（９−１）した後、カウンターＮに１を加え、また、加熱風温度Ｓ１の値を０（ゼロ）にする（９−２）。加熱風温度センサー４４で加熱風温度Ｓ２を検出する（９−３）。この加熱風温度Ｓ２と加熱風温度Ｓ１とが一致するかを判定する（９−４）。この判定で値が一致しないときにはＲＯＭ２２ｃに設けたタイマー回路によって所定時間の経過を待つ（９−５）。この所定時間は、変化した加熱風温度をしうる時間とする。所定時間の経過後、加熱風温度Ｓ２の値を加熱風温度Ｓ１に入れ（９−６）ステップ（９−３）に戻る。再度加熱風温度センサー４４で加熱風温度Ｓ２を検出するした後、加熱風温度Ｓ２と加熱風温度Ｓ１とが一致するかを判定（９−４）する。このようにして、加熱風温度Ｓ２と加熱風温度Ｓ１とが一致するまでステップ（９−２）からステップ（９−６）を繰り返す。一方、判定で加熱風温度Ｓ２と加熱風温度Ｓ１とが一致すると、これ以降の制御は図８で示した制御と同様にして行われる。この制御による効果は、バーナー装置１４の停止後に加熱風温度が外気温度まで低下したかどうかという判定が図８の実施の形態で示したタイマー手段で行うよりも正確である、という点にある。
【００３６】
二つ目を説明する。図１０に示す制御では、乾燥風温度が低下しなくなった時点でバーナー装置１４を再作動させるものである。図１０において波線で囲んだ部分は図８の制御と異なる部分を示している。具体的に説明する。制御装置２２はバーナー装置１４の駆動回路２６にバーナーＳＴＯＰ信号を出力（１０−１）した後、カウンターＮに１を加え、また、乾燥風温度Ｙ１の値を０（ゼロ）にする（１０−２）。乾燥風温度センサー２１で乾燥風温度Ｙ２を検出する（１０−３）。この乾燥風温度Ｙ２と乾燥風温度Ｙ１とが一致するかどうかを判定する（１０−４）。この判定で値が一致しないときにはＲＯＭ２２ｃに設けたタイマー回路によって所定時間の経過を待つ（１０−５）。この所定時間は、変化した乾燥風温度を検出しうる時間とする。所定時間の経過後、乾燥風温度Ｙ２の値を乾燥風温度Ｙ１に入れ（１０−６）てステップ（１０−３）に戻る。再度乾燥風温度センサー２１で乾燥風温度Ｙ２を検出した後、乾燥風温度Ｙ２と乾燥風温度Ｙ１とが一致するかを再度判定（１０−４）する。このようにして、乾燥風温度Ｙ２と乾燥風温度Ｙ１とが一致するまでステップ（１０−２）からステップ（１０−６）を繰り返す。一方、判定で乾燥風温度Ｙ２と乾燥風温度Ｙ１とが一致すると、これ以降の制御は図８で示した制御と同様にして行われる。この制御による効果は、図９の制御と同じであるためここでの説明は省略する。
【００３７】
次にバーナー装置１４の構造及び作用について説明する。図５や図７などで発生した燃焼信号や燃料信号は、制御装置２２のＩ／Ｏポート２２ａを介して図１２に示すバーナー装置１４の駆動回路２６に入力される。バーナー装置１４には駆動回路２６を中心として、バーナーファン２８と光検出素子３６と燃料ポンプ３７と開閉弁（以下「バルブ」という）３８及び点火トランス３９が接続してある。制御装置２２から燃焼信号が入力されると駆動回路２６はバーナーファン２８を駆動させ燃料ポンプ３７とバルブ３８及び点火トランス３９を作動させる。燃料ポンプ３７は、燃料タンク４０が接続してあり、この燃料タンク４０から一定の燃料をバルブ３８に送り続けるように作動し、駆動回路２６によってバルブ３８の開閉時間を変化させることによって燃料噴出量を増減する。バルブ３８の近傍には点火トランス３９の電極が設けられ、バルブ３８の開閉によって噴出する燃料に点火して燃焼させる。バーナーファン２８はこれに送風して燃焼により発生する熱風を送出させるものである。この駆動回路２６には制御装置２２から入力される信号に応じて、構成部の駆動停止とバルブ３８の開閉を変化させるロジックを組み込んでおいてもよいし、駆動回路２６をＣＰＵやＲＯＭを組み込んで構成してもよい。
【００３８】
バーナー装置１４の燃焼は、駆動回路２６に組み込まれた図１１の制御フローチャートによって処理される。バーナー装置１４では、前記信号が入力されると駆動回路２６に組み込まれたロジックに基づいて、バーナーファン２８を駆動（１１−１）して、バルブ初期値をＰとして燃料ポンプ３７を駆動し、バルブ３８を初期値Ｐで開閉駆動するとともに点火トランス３９を駆動する。光検出素子３６によって点火が確認されると点火トランス３９を停止する。このようにしてバーナー装置１４を点火した後に制御装置２２からの燃料低減の信号を受けると（１１−２）、燃料信号の増減を判断（１１−３）し低減信号であれば、バルブ３８の開時間Ｐを減少させて燃料供給量を減少（１１−４）させる。バルブ３８は一定時間におけるバルブの開時間Ｐ、例えばＰ＝４０ｍｓを、１ステップ２ｍｓずつ減少させることで燃料噴出量を減少させて燃焼量を低下させることにより熱風温度を低下させる。
【００３９】
またバーナー装置１４では、燃料信号の増減の判断（１１−３）で増加信号であれば、バルブ３８の開時間Ｐを増加（１１−５）させて燃料噴出量を増加させる。バルブ３８は一定時間におけるバルブの開時間Ｐ、例えばＰ＝４０ｍｓを、２ｍｓずつ上昇させることで燃料供給量を増加させて燃焼量を増加させることにより熱風温度を上昇させる。なお、バーナー装置１４は、乾燥終了時や後述する加熱風温度が異常上昇温度時に制御装置２２内で生じるバーナーＳＴＯＰ信号（１１−６）により、燃料ポンプ３７とバルブ３８を停止（１１−７）し、次いでバーナーファン２８を停止してバーナー装置１４を消火させる。なお、燃料ポンプの開時間の増減幅（１ステップ）は任意に設定できるものである。
【００４０】
次に別の実施例を説明する。以上述べた穀物乾燥装置１の構成に外気温度センサー（外気温度検出手段）４１を加えた例である。以下異なる点だけを説明する。本実施例において外気温度センサー４１は図２に示しているようにバケットコンベア１１の側面に設けた。また、外気温度センサー４１は図１３で示しているようにＡ／Ｄ変換回路４２を介して制御装置２２内に設けたＩ／Ｏポート２２ａに接続している。次に外気温度センサー４１を設けた穀物乾燥装置１の制御プログラムについて説明する。乾燥開始のスイッチ２９ｄを投入すると制御プログラムが実行され、図１４に示すように制御装置２２は取り出し部モータ、バケットコンベアモータ及びファンモータの始動信号をモータ駆動回路２５に出力した後外気温度センサー４１によって外気温度Ｋ１を検出してＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（１４−１）する。この後前記外気温度Ｋ１を基に乾燥風の所定温度が前記実施例で説明した制御と同様にして決定され、また、乾燥風温度が決定された所定温度になるように燃料信号がバーナー装置１４の駆動回路２６に出力される。
【００４１】
次に、本発明の特徴的な図１５の制御、すなわち、加熱風異常温度時におけるバーナー装置の制御が実行される。ＲＯＭ２２ｃに設定したカウントＮをリセットして０（ゼロ）にする。次にＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶した値Ｈを外気温度Ｋ１に入れてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶する。ＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶された外気温度Ｋ１とＲＯＭ２２ｃに記憶された異常基準温度とを読み出し外気温度Ｋ１に異常基準温度を加えてＲＡＭ２２ｄに上限温度Ｊとして記憶する（１５−１）。次に加熱風温度センサー４４により加熱風温度Ｗを検出してＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（１５−２）する。前記ＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶された上限温度Ｊ及び加熱風温度Ｗを読み出し上限温度Ｊと加熱風温度Ｗとを比較（１５−３）する。加熱風温度Ｗの値が上限温度Ｊの値よりも小さければ前記ステップ（６−１）に戻る。一方、加熱風温度Ｗの値が上限温度Ｊの値よりも大きければ制御装置２２はバーナー装置１４内に設けた駆動回路２６にバーナーＳＴＯＰ信号を出力（１５−４）すると共に、一回目のバーナー装置の停止であるとしてカウントＮに１を加える。次に乾燥風温度センサー２１によって検出した乾燥風温度ＧをＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（１５−５）する。また外気温度センサー４１によって検出した外気温度Ｋ１をＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（１５−６）する。次にＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶された外気温度Ｋ１と乾燥風温度Ｇとを読み出し外気温度Ｋ１の値と乾燥風温度Ｇの値とが一致するかを判定（１５−７）する。この判定で、外気温度Ｋ１の値と乾燥風温度Ｇの値とが一致しなければステップ（１５−５）に戻る。一方、外気温度Ｋ１の値と乾燥風温度Ｇの値とが一致すればＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶した外気温度Ｋ１の値を値Ｈとして再度ＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶する。次にＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶した外気温度Ｋ１を読み出し該外気温度Ｋ１から例えば３℃（３℃×１（Ｎ））引いた値を外気温度Ｋ１としてＲＡＭ２２ｄに記憶（１５−８）する。そしてこの後制御装置２２はバーナー装置１４の駆動回路２６にバーナースタート信号を出力（１５−９）する。
【００４２】
この後図６で示したステップ（６−１）に戻って前述の図６の穀物水分による所定温度の設定制御、さらに前述の図７のバーナー装置１４の燃料増減制御を行った後、前述の図１５の加熱風異常温度時におけるバーナー装置１４の制御が行われる。ステップ（１５−１）で行われる上限温度Ｊの再設定では、バーナー装置１４の停止後にステップ（１５−７）の比較で外気温度Ｋ１の値と乾燥風温度Ｇの値とが一致したときの外気温度が用いられる。これにより、バーナー装置１４の再作動開始時の外気温度がバーナー装置１４の停止時の外気温度よりも乾燥風温度（所定温度）の低下分又はそれ以上上昇したとしても、再作動開始時の上限温度も外気温度にともなって上昇させるので、再作動を開始させても従来のように加熱風温度が上限温度を超えることがない。よって、加熱風温度は異常温度として感知されないので加熱風発生手段は停止することなく乾燥運転を続けることができる。
【００４３】
また、上限温度Ｊは、異常基準温度に外気温度を加えた値としているので、外気温度の変化に応じて変化する。よって、外気温度が違う場合であっても、加熱風温度と上限温度との差温度は一定となり、加熱風温度の異常温度が検出されるまでの温度上昇幅が従来のように外気温度の違いによって大小の差を生じることがないので、通風管１２によって加熱される穀物の温度がばらつくことがない。
【００４４】
さらに、外気温度センサー４１を設けることによりバーナー装置１４を停止させた後のバーナー装置１４の再作動は乾燥風温度が外気温度になった時点で開始することができる。バーナー装置１４の停止の間、取り出し部１０、還流手段１１，４３及び排風ファン２０は作動させているので、乾燥装置内を循環する穀物は温度低下した乾燥風の通風によって穀物温度が低下する。よって、過加熱状態の持続による穀物の品質低下を防ぐことができる。
【００４５】
【発明の効果】
請求項１によれば、乾燥風温度検出手段により加熱風発生手段の作動前に検出した乾燥風温度を外気温度とし、該外気温度に予め定めた異常基準温度を加えた上限温度と加熱風温度検出手段により検出される加熱風温度とを繰り返し比較して加熱風温度が前記上限温度を超えたとき又は加熱風温度が前記上限温度と一致したときに加熱風発生手段に停止を指令し、その後、停止前より低い温度の加熱風を発生させるように加熱風発生手段へ再作動を指令する制御手段を備えた穀物乾燥装置とした。上限温度は、異常基準温度に外気温度を加えた値としているので、外気温度の変化に応じて変化する。よって、外気温度が違う場合であっても、加熱風温度と上限温度との差温度は一定となり、加熱風温度の異常温度が検出されるまでの温度上昇幅が従来のように外気温度の違いによって大小の差を生じることがないので、通風管１２によって加熱される穀物の温度がばらつくことがない。
【００４６】
また、請求項２によれば、前記制御手段は、加熱風温度が上限温度を超えると加熱風温度及び／又は乾燥風温度が外気温度に近づくように予め定めた所定時間加熱風発生手段を停止させ、当該所定時間経過時に前記乾燥風温度検出手段によって検出した乾燥風温度を新たな外気温度とする、という技術的手段を講じた。よって、穀物には温度低下する乾燥風が送風される。これにより穀物温度が低下するので穀物の過加熱状態の持続による品質低下を防ぐことができる。また、外気温度を検出する外気温度センサーを設けていなくても、加熱風発生手段の再作動時における前記乾燥風温度検出手段による乾燥風温度を外気温度として把握することができるので、再作動時における上限温度を再度設定し直すことができる。これにより、バーナー装置１４の再作動開始時の外気温度がバーナー装置１４の停止時の外気温度よりも乾燥風温度（所定温度）の低下分又はそれ以上上昇したとしても、再作動開始時の上限温度も外気温度にともなって上昇させるので、再作動を開始させても従来のように加熱風温度が上限温度を超えることがない。よって、加熱風温度は異常温度として感知されないので加熱風発生手段は停止することなく乾燥運転を続けることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明を実施した穀物乾燥装置の一部を破断した正面図である。
【図２】本発明を実施した穀物乾燥装置の一部を破断した側面図である。
【図３】本発明を実施した穀物乾燥装置の乾燥部の平断面図である
【図４】本発明を実施した穀物乾燥装置の制御ブロック図である。
【図５】制御装置における穀物張り込み量を基にした所定温度設定のフローチャートである。
【図６】制御装置における穀物水分値に基づく所定温度変更のフローチャートである。
【図７】バーナー装置を対象とした制御装置の制御フローチャートである。
【図８】加熱風の異常温度を検知したときにおけるバーナー装置を対象とした制御装置の制御フローチャートである。
【図９】加熱風の異常温度を検知したときにおけるバーナー装置を対象とした制御装置の制御フローチャートの変形例である。
【図１０】加熱風の異常温度を検知したときにおけるバーナー装置を対象とした制御装置の制御フローチャートの変形例である。
【図１１】バーナー装置の制御フローチャートである。
【図１２】バーナー装置を示すブロック図である。
【図１３】本発明を実施した穀物乾燥装置の制御ブロック図の変形例である。
【図１４】制御装置における穀物張り込み量を基にした所定温度設定のフローチャートの変形例である。
【図１５】加熱風の異常温度を検知したときにおけるバーナー装置を対象とした制御装置の制御フローチャートの変形例である。
【図１６】従来の穀物乾燥装置の一部を破断した正面図である。
【図１７】従来の穀物乾燥装置の一部を破断した側面図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 穀物乾燥装置
２ 貯留タンク
３ 送風路
４ 排風路
５ 穀物流下槽
６ 有孔板
７ 乾燥部
８ バルブ
９ スクリューコンベア
１０ 取り出し部
１１ バケットコンベア
１２ 通風管
１３ 加熱部
１４ バーナー装置（加熱風発生手段）
１５ 前風路
１６ 後風路
１７ 外気導入口
１８ 水分検出装置
２０ 排風ファン（排風手段）
２１ 乾燥風温度センサー（乾燥風温度検出手段）
２２ 制御装置（制御手段）
２２ａ Ｉ／Ｏポート
２２ｂ ＣＰＵ
２２ｃ 読み出し専用メモリ（ＲＯＭ）
２２ｄ 読み出し書き込みメモリ（ＲＡＭ）
２３ Ａ／Ｄ変換回路
２４ Ａ／Ｄ変換回路
２５ モータ駆動回路
２５ａ ファンモータ
２５ｂ 取り出し部モータ
２５ｃ バケットコンベアモータ
２６ バーナ駆動回路
２８ バーナーファン
２９ 入力部
２９ａ 張り込み設定スイッチ
２９ｂ 水分設定スイッチ
２９ｃ 張込みボタン
２９ｄ 乾燥ボタン
２９ｅ 排出ボタン
３６ 光検出素子
３７ 燃料ポンプ
３８ バルブ
３９ 点火トランス
４０ 燃料タンク
４１ 外気温センサー（外気温度検出手段）
４２ Ａ／Ｄ変換回路
４３ スクリューコンベア
４４ 加熱風温度センサー（加熱風温度検出手段）
４５ Ａ／Ｄ変換回路[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a grain drying apparatus for drying grains, such as rice bran and wheat, and in particular, a grain provided with a mechanism for raising grain temperature before drying by blowing dry air on the grains. The present invention relates to a drying device.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, regarding a grain drying apparatus provided with a mechanism for raising the grain temperature by heating before blowing dry air on the grain, Japanese Patent Application Nos. 11-237643 and 10-265486 filed by the applicant of the present application. Proposed by the issue.
[0003]
FIG. 16 is a front view showing a cross section of a part of a conventional grain drying apparatus 100. The storage tank 101 stores grains in the upper part of the machine body 100a, the heating unit 102 that heats grains in the middle part, and the lower part. A drying unit 103 that blows dry air to dry the grains is provided. The heating unit 102 is provided with a plurality of ventilation pipes 104 arranged in a zigzag manner so as to allow heating air to pass therethrough. FIG. 17 is a side view in which a part of a conventional grain drying apparatus 100 is shown in cross section. A burner device 105 for generating heated air is provided on one side of the machine body 100a. The heating air temperature is controlled by the control device 109. The burner device 105 is connected to one side of each ventilation pipe 104 by a front air passage 106. The other side of the machine body 100 a is connected to the drying unit 103 by a rear air passage 107. An exhaust fan 108 is connected to the drying unit 103. In addition, an outside air temperature sensor 110 for detecting the outside air temperature is provided. In the grain drying apparatus 100 configured in this manner, the drying air temperature to be supplied to the drying apparatus 103 is set according to the amount of grain supplied to the grain drying apparatus and the outside air temperature, and the drying air temperature according to the drying air setting temperature is set. The burner device 105 starts to operate with the combustion amount. The heated air heated by the burner device 105 enters each ventilation pipe 104 through the front air passage 106 by the suction action of the exhaust fan 108 to heat each ventilation pipe 104, and then the rear air passage 107 and the drying air. The air is exhausted from the exhaust fan 108 via the section 103. In the heating unit 102, the cereal is heated by directly contacting each ventilation pipe 104 heated by the heating air, and the heated cereal is dried by the drying air in the drying unit 103.
[0004]
In the grain drying apparatus, in the event that an emergency situation occurs in which the air volume in the grain drying apparatus decreases due to an abnormality in the exhaust fan 108 or a change in exhaust wind resistance, the exhaust fan 108 As the amount of exhaust air decreases and the temperature of the heated air passing through each ventilation pipe 104 rises, the temperature of the ventilation pipe 104 may rise to an abnormal temperature that may adversely affect the quality of the grain. . Therefore, the control device 109 provided in the grain drying device has a certain abnormality setting in which the temperature of the ventilation pipe 104, that is, the temperature of the heated air supplied into each ventilation pipe 104 is preset in the control device 109. When the temperature reaches 180 ° C. (for example, 180 ° C.), the burner is controlled to stop for a certain time, and the temperature of the ventilation pipe 104 is lowered. After that, the drying air set temperature is lowered by a predetermined amount, and the burner is restarted. Japanese Patent Publication No. 6-27634 discloses a technique for stopping the burner when an abnormal temperature of the hot air in the drying apparatus is detected.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, since the set temperature of the drying air supplied to the drying unit 103 is set by the control device 109 so as to increase as the outside air temperature increases from the viewpoint of drying efficiency, the drying air is supplied to the ventilation pipe 104. The temperature of the heated air increases as the outside air temperature increases. For this reason, when the outside air temperature is low, the heating air temperature becomes low, and thus the difference between the heating air temperature and the abnormal set temperature (for example, 180 ° C.) becomes large. At this time, as described above, in the unlikely event that an emergency occurs in which the air volume in the grain drying device decreases and the heating air temperature rises, when the outside air temperature is low, the heating air temperature and the abnormal setting temperature Since the difference is large, the heating air temperature is not detected as an abnormal temperature until the heating air temperature reaches the abnormal set temperature. Therefore, the temperature rise width of the ventilation pipe 104 becomes larger as the outside air temperature is lower in an emergency. Thus, the temperature rise width until the abnormal temperature of the heating air temperature is detected varies depending on the outside air temperature. For this reason, the temperature rise width of the ventilation pipe 104 until the abnormal temperature is detected varies depending on the difference in the outside air temperature, and the temperature of the grain heated by the ventilation pipe 104 also varies.
[0006]
In addition, when an abnormal temperature is detected, the burner device is stopped for a certain period of time as described above, and then the drying air set temperature is lowered by a predetermined amount to restart the burner device. When the outside air temperature has risen by a temperature corresponding to a decrease in the drying air set temperature of the burner device or more, the heating air temperature also rises by the amount of the temperature rise of the outside air. Therefore, the heating air temperature is detected again as an abnormal temperature, and the burner stops again for a certain time, so that the grain is not dried during this time.
[0007]
In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a temperature until an abnormal temperature of the heating air temperature is detected even when the temperature of the heating air rises due to an emergency in which the air volume in the grain drying device decreases. The first technical problem is to prevent the increase in the magnitude of the increase due to the difference in the outside air temperature as in the prior art. Next, even in an emergency situation, the number of times the burner device is stopped is smaller than in the prior art. Thus, the present invention provides a grain drying apparatus whose second technical problem is that grain can be dried.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention
According to claim 1,
A storage part for storing grains, a heating part for directly raising the grain temperature by bringing the grains into direct contact with the ventilation pipe heated by the heating air heated by the heating air generating means, and heating that has passed through the ventilation pipe of the heating part A drying unit that blows and blows wind on the grain as drying air, and a discharge means for discharging the grain out of the drying device are sequentially provided,
Refluxing means for refluxing the grains discharged from the discharging means to the storage unit;
Air exhaust means for exhausting the drying air of the drying section out of the drying device;
In a grain drying apparatus comprising:
Heating air temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the heated air heated by the heating air generating means;
A drying air temperature detecting means for detecting a drying air temperature in the drying section;
The drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detecting means before the operation of the heating air generating means is taken as the outside air temperature, and is detected by the heating air temperature detecting means and the upper limit temperature obtained by adding a predetermined abnormal reference temperature to the outside air temperature. When the heating air temperature is repeatedly compared with the upper limit temperature or when the heating air temperature matches the upper limit temperature, the heating air generating means is instructed to stop, and then the temperature is lower than before the stop. Control means for commanding reactivation to the heating air generating means so as to generate the heating air of
Technical measures were taken to provide
[0009]
More specifically, the abnormal reference temperature is set to, for example, 150 ° C. regardless of the change in the outside air temperature. And the case where external temperature is 5 degreeC and 20 degreeC, for example is demonstrated. When the outside air temperature is 5 ° C., the upper limit temperature is 155 ° C., and the heating air temperature is 145 ° C., for example. On the other hand, the upper limit temperature when the outside air temperature is 20 ° C. is 170 ° C., and the heating air temperature is 160 ° C. which is 15 ° C. higher than the difference temperature of the outside air temperature. At this time, the temperature difference between the heating air temperature and the upper limit temperature is 10 ° C. even when the outside air temperature is different between 5 ° C. and 20 ° C. Therefore, since the temperature increase width until the abnormal temperature of the heated air temperature is detected does not cause a large or small difference due to the difference in the outside air temperature as in the prior art, the temperature of the grain heated by the ventilation tube 12 varies. There is no.
[0010]
Further, in claim 2, when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control unit stops the heating air generating unit for a predetermined time so that the heating air temperature and / or the drying air temperature approaches the outside air temperature, The technical means of taking the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detection device when the predetermined time has elapsed as a new outside air temperature was taken.
Therefore, when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control means stops the heating air generating means for a predetermined time so that the heating air temperature and / or the drying air temperature approaches the outside air temperature, so that the temperature of the grains decreases. Dry air is blown. As a result, the grain temperature is lowered, so that it is possible to prevent the quality from being lowered due to the continued overheating of the grain. Moreover, since the outside air temperature at the time of re-operation of the heating air generating means can be grasped by the dry air temperature detecting means, the upper limit temperature at the time of re-operation can be set again. Accordingly, the upper limit temperature when the abnormal reference temperature is set to, for example, 150 ° C. regardless of the change in the outside air temperature, and when the abnormal temperature of the heating air is detected, that is, the outside air temperature when the burner device 14 is stopped is set to, for example, 20 ° C. J is 170 ° C. Then, it is assumed that the outside air temperature when the burner device 14 is stopped and restarted for a predetermined time has increased to, for example, 23 ° C., and the setting of the drying air temperature has been decreased by, for example, 1 ° C. when the burner device 14 is restarted. To do. In this case, the burner device 14 does not stop. The reason will be explained. The heating air temperature at the time of reactivation increases by a difference temperature of 2 ° C. corresponding to a 3 ° C. increase in the outside air temperature and a 1 ° C. decrease in the drying air temperature, and becomes 172 ° C. On the other hand, the upper limit temperature J at the time of re-operation is 173 ° C. as the outside air temperature (23 ° C.) + The abnormal reference temperature (150 ° C.). Since the heating air temperature (172 ° C.) at the time of re-operation is lower than the upper limit temperature (173 ° C.), it is not determined as an abnormal temperature. Therefore, even if the outside air temperature is increased by a decrease in the drying air temperature (predetermined temperature) or more when the burner device 14 is stopped for a certain time and restarted, the drying of the grains is continued without stopping the burner device 14. It will be.
[0011]
Further, according to claim 3, when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control unit stops the heating air generating unit until the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detecting unit does not decrease. Technical measures were taken such that the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detection device when a predetermined time has elapsed is set as a new outside air temperature.
Therefore, since the drying air temperature is lowered to the outside air temperature and the grain temperature is also lowered, it is possible to prevent quality deterioration due to the continued overheating state of the grain. Moreover, since the outside air temperature at the time of re-operation of the heating air generating means can be grasped by the dry air temperature detecting means, the upper limit temperature at the time of re-operation can be set again.
[0012]
According to claim 4, when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control unit stops the heating air generation unit until the heating air temperature detected by the heating air temperature detection unit does not decrease, Technical measures were taken such that the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detection device when a predetermined time has elapsed is set as a new outside air temperature.
Therefore, since the heating air temperature is lowered to the outside air temperature and the grain temperature is also lowered, it is possible to prevent quality deterioration due to the continued overheating state of the grain. Moreover, since the outside air temperature at the time of reactivation of the heating air generating means can be grasped by the heating air temperature detecting means, the upper limit temperature at the time of reactivation can be set again.
[0013]
According to claim 5,
A storage unit for storing grains, a heating unit for bringing the heating air heated by the heating air generating means into the inside and bringing the grains into direct contact with the heated ventilation pipe to raise the grain temperature in advance, and the ventilation of the heating unit A drying section that blows and drys the heated air that has passed through the pipe as drying air to the grain and a discharge means that discharges the grain out of the drying device are sequentially stacked,
Refluxing means for refluxing the grains discharged from the discharging means to the storage unit;
Air exhaust means for exhausting the drying air of the drying section out of the drying device;
In a grain drying apparatus comprising:
Heating air temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the heated air heated by the heating air generating means;
An outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the outside air temperature outside the drying device;
The upper limit temperature obtained by adding a predetermined abnormal reference temperature to the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detecting means is repeatedly compared with the heating air temperature detected by the heating air temperature detecting means, so that the heating air temperature becomes the upper limit temperature. When the temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature or when the heating air temperature matches the upper limit temperature, the heating air generating means is instructed to stop, and then the heating air generating means is instructed to re-activate the heating air to generate a lower temperature than before the stopping. Control means to
Take technical measures to provide
[0014]
In the means of claim 1, the outside air temperature is detected by the drying air temperature detecting means before the operation of the heating air generating means by the drying air temperature detecting means. However, in the present invention, the outside air temperature is detected. Since the outside temperature detecting means is provided, the outside temperature can be detected at any time by the outside temperature detecting means. The effect of the fifth aspect is the same as that of the first aspect.
[0015]
According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, the apparatus includes drying air temperature detecting means for detecting a drying air temperature in the drying section, and the control means detects the detected temperature of the outside air temperature detecting means and the drying air temperature detecting means when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature. Technical measures were taken to instruct the heating air generating means to stop until the detected temperature coincides.
Therefore, since the heating wind generating means is restarted after the drying air temperature is lowered to the outside air temperature and the grain temperature is lowered, it is possible to prevent the quality from being deteriorated due to the continued overheating state of the grain.
[0016]
According to claim 7, the control means detects the detected by the outside air temperature detecting means when the detected temperature of the outside air temperature detecting means coincides with the detected temperature of the drying air temperature detecting means after the heating air generating means is stopped. Technical measures were taken to make the temperature a new outdoor temperature.
Therefore, the upper limit temperature when the heating air generating means is reactivated is reset based on the outside air temperature when the heating air generating means is reactivated. However, even if the drying air temperature (predetermined temperature) decreases or rises more than the outside air temperature at the time of stopping, the heating air generating means does not stop again due to this increase. The heating air generating means stops when the heating air temperature exceeds the reset upper limit temperature, and the drying operation is performed until the stop.
[0017]
According to claim 8,
The control means takes technical means to continuously operate the discharge means, the reflux means and the exhaust air means while the heating air generating means is stopped.
Therefore, since the grain in the drying device circulates in the equipment, it does not remain in direct contact with the abnormally heated ventilation pipe, and the grain temperature is lowered by the drying air that decreases to the outside air temperature, so the grain is overheated. It is possible to prevent quality deterioration due to continuation of the product.
[0018]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
A preferred embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. The grain drying apparatus 1 shown by the code | symbol 1 is the storage tank 2 which stores a grain from the upper part, the ventilation path 3, the exhaust path 4, and the grain flow tank 5 connected to the said storage part, the front side A, the rear side B, And a valve 8 for intermittently discharging the grain through a non-perforated plate 5b that is connected to the grain flow tank 5a of the drying unit 7 and is inclined. A take-out section (discharge means) 10 including a screw conveyor 9 for horizontally conveying discharged grains is sequentially overlapped. Further, the take-out unit 10 and the storage tank 2 are connected via a reflux means comprising a bucket conveyor 11 and a screw conveyor 43, and the grain is taken from the storage tank 2 to the drying unit 7 and from the drying unit 7 to the take-out unit 10. After that, the recirculation means 11 and 43 are charged again into the storage tank 2 to repeat the circulation.
[0019]
In addition, the storage tank 2 includes a heating unit 13 formed by laying a plurality of ventilation pipes 12 in the front-rear direction below the storage tank 2. The front side A of the drying unit 7 of the grain drying device 1 is provided with a burner device (heating air generating means) 14 that burns with kerosene as fuel, and the heat generated by the burner device 14 is directly supplied as a plurality of ventilation air as heating air. A heat path is connected via a front air path 15 so as to be introduced from the front side A of the pipe 12 into the ventilation pipe 12. A heating air temperature sensor (heating air temperature detecting means) 44 for measuring the heating air temperature is provided in the vicinity of the front side A of the ventilation pipe 12 in the front air passage 15 and is connected to the burner device 14 via the control device (control means) 22. It is. The rear side B of the ventilation pipe 12 is connected to the air blowing path 3 of the drying unit 7 via the rear air path 16. An outside air introduction port 17 is opened in the rear air passage 16. Further, an exhaust fan (exhaust means) 20 is provided on the rear side B of the grain drying apparatus 1, and the exhaust fan 20 is connected to the exhaust path 4. A drying air temperature sensor (drying air temperature detecting means) 21 for measuring the drying air temperature is provided in the vicinity of the drying unit 7 of the rear air passage 16 and is connected to the burner device 14 via the control device 22.
[0020]
In the control device 22 in the control block diagram shown in FIG. 4, the burner device 14 is controlled so that the drying air introduced into the drying unit 7 reaches a predetermined temperature (about 40 ° C.). To the I / O port 22 a of the control unit 22, a signal from the input unit 29 including an operation switch, a signal from the heating air temperature sensor 44 through the A / D conversion circuit 45, and a signal from the A / D conversion circuit 23 are connected. Then, the signal of the drying air temperature sensor 21 and the signal of the moisture detection device 18 are input via the A / D conversion circuit 24, and the burner device 14 and the motor drive circuit 25 are input from the I / O port 22a. A signal is output, and this motor drive circuit 25 starts and stops the drive motor 25b of the take-out unit 10, the drive motor 25c of the bucket conveyor 11, and the drive motor 25a of the exhaust fan 20. The control device 22 stores the I / O port 22a connected to the CPU 22b for performing the comparison calculation process, the control program, and set values such as an abnormal reference temperature described later in addition to temperature and moisture. A read-only memory (hereinafter referred to as “ROM”) 22c and a read / write memory (hereinafter referred to as “RAM”) 22d that stores the amount of insertion, a selected value, and an operation result input from the input unit are provided. The CPU 22b monitors the signals of the input unit 29, the drying air temperature sensor 21, and the moisture detection device 18, and outputs signals to the respective units by the signals from the input unit 29 to operate them.
[0021]
The input unit 29 includes a tension setting switch 29a for setting the amount of tension, a moisture setting switch 29b for setting the finished moisture, a tension button 29c for starting the tension, a drying button 29d for starting the drying, and a discharge button 29e for discharging the grain. It has. When the control device 22 receives a signal indicating that the sticking button 29c is pressed from the input unit 29, the control device 22 outputs a signal to the motor drive circuit 25 so as to drive the take-out unit motor 25b, the bucket conveyor motor 25c, and the fan motor 25a. In addition, when the control device 22 receives a signal indicating that the discharge button 29d has been pressed from the input unit 29, the control device 22 outputs a signal to the motor drive circuit 25 so as to drive the bucket conveyor motor 25c, the takeout unit motor 25b, and the fan motor 25a. The screw conveyor 43 is driven by the power of the bucket conveyor motor 25c.
[0022]
The flow of the heating air and the drying air in the above configuration will be described with reference to FIGS. Due to the operation of the burner device 14 and the suction of the exhaust fan 20, the heated air generated by the burner device 14 becomes, for example, about 100 ° C. and is directly introduced into the ventilation pipe 12 of the heating unit 13, and the ventilation pipe 12 is heated air. Heated. The heated air that has passed through the heating unit 13 is introduced into the rear air passage 16 and is mixed with the outside air taken in from the outside air introduction port 17 by suction of the exhaust fan 20 to become a dry air of about 40 ° C. This dry air is introduced from the rear air passage 16 to the air passage 3 and takes moisture from the grains flowing down the grain flow tank 5 when it is ventilated from the air passage 3 to the air exhaust passage 4 and then escapes to the air exhaust passage 4. The air is exhausted out of the device 1 by the air exhaust fan 20.
[0023]
Grains are heated in direct contact with the ventilation pipe 12 in the heating unit 13 while flowing down from the storage tank 2 to the drying unit 7 by the operation of the take-out unit 10. The heated grains are discharged from the drying section 7 by the operation of the valve 8 of the take-out section 10 while being exposed to the drying air while flowing down the grain flow tank 5 of the drying section 7 and deprived of moisture. The discharged grain is transported sideways by the screw conveyor 9 and put into the storage tank 2 by the bucket conveyor 11 and the screw conveyor 43. In this way, the grains circulate through the storage tank 2, the heating unit 13, the drying unit 7, and the extraction unit 10.
[0024]
Further, as described above, since the outside air is introduced from the outside air introduction port 17, the hot air generated by the burner device 14 can be raised to a high temperature of about 100 ° C. That is, since the ventilation pipe 12 of the heating unit 13 can be heated to a sufficiently high temperature, not only can the grain temperature of the grains in contact with the ventilation pipe 12 be appropriately raised during the flow down, Then, since it is mixed with the outside air, it can be sufficiently utilized as a low-temperature drying air suitable for the drying air even when the heating air is at a high temperature. That is, the heating unit 13 can be heated to a sufficiently high temperature without considering the temperature of the drying air.
[0025]
Focusing on the temperature of the grain here, the moisture in the grain preheated by heating is uniform in the grain temperature between the grain center and the grain surface, so there is no distortion between the center and the grain surface. Therefore, the moisture is easily and safely removed by being exposed to the drying air in the drying section 7 without causing any trouble such as cracking of the trunk. The temperature of the drying air in the drying unit 7 is decreased as the grain moisture decreases, and the control range thereof is, for example, 40 ° C to 30 ° C.
[0026]
Next, control of the grain drying apparatus 1 will be described. In drying, the amount of sticking to the storage tank 2 is set by the sticking setting switch 29a, the finished moisture value is set by the moisture setting switch 29b, the set value is stored in the RAM 22d, and the drying start switch 29d is further set. Is input. When the controller 22 receives the drying signal in this way, the control program stored in the ROM is executed.
[0027]
The control program will be described with reference to the flowchart shown in FIG. First, a signal is output (5-1) to the motor drive circuit 25 so as to drive the take-out unit motor 25b, the bucket conveyor motor 25c, and the fan motor 25a. Next, the temperature of the drying air that has not been heated is detected by the drying air temperature sensor 21 and stored in the RAM 22d of the control device 22 as the outside air temperature K1 (5-2). The value of the outside air temperature K1 stored in the RAM 22d is stored as the value H in the RAM 22d again. Thereafter, the control device 22 outputs a burner start signal to the drive circuit 26 of the burner device 14 (5-3). At the start of drying, the amount N applied to the storage tank 2 is stored in the RAM 22d of the control device 22 (5-4). An initial drying air temperature (hereinafter referred to as “predetermined temperature”) set for the amount of sticking N is stored in the ROM 22c in advance, and a predetermined temperature corresponding to the amount of sticking N is selected and stored in the RAM 22d. That is, when the sticking amount N is 2000 kg or more (5-5), the outside air temperature K1 + 55 ° C. is stored as a predetermined temperature with respect to the outside air temperature K1, and when the sticking amount N is less than 2000 kg and 1500 kg or more (5- 6) stores the outside air temperature K1 + 40 ° C. as the predetermined temperature, and when it is less than 1500 kg and 1000 kg or more (5-7), the outside air temperature K1 + 30 ° C. is stored as the predetermined temperature. When it is less than 1000 kg (however, more than the minimum sticking amount) (5-8), the outside air temperature K1 + 20 ° C. is stored as a predetermined temperature. Here, an example of (A) in the case where the outside air temperature K1 + 20 ° C. is set as the initial predetermined temperature is shown. For the other (B) to (D), for example, a temperature shown in the following Table 1 is added to the outside air temperature K1, and this temperature is used as the predetermined temperature T0.
[Table 1]

The hot air temperature is determined at an initial predetermined temperature and drying is started, but the predetermined temperature is lowered according to the grain moisture value which decreases as the grain drying progresses. That is, the moisture value and temperature are preset and stored in the ROM 22c so as to lower the predetermined temperature according to the moisture value while detecting the grain moisture during drying. Accordingly, the first to third moisture values for switching between the predetermined temperature (outside air temperature K1 + 20 ° C.) and the predetermined temperature shown in the step (5-9) are selected according to the amount of sticking N, FIG. The predetermined temperature (outside air temperature K1 + ○ ° C) to be switched corresponding to this moisture value is read out from the ROM 22c and stored in the RAM 22d.
[0028]
When the predetermined temperature is set according to the amount of sticking N as the drying starts, the control shown in FIG. 6 is performed according to the set predetermined temperature. First, the count C set in the RAM 22d is reset to zero. The signal of the moisture detector 18 obtained via the I / O port 22a is periodically detected (6-1), for example, at 10-minute intervals, and this grain moisture value M is compared with 21% of the first moisture ( 6-2) If the grain moisture is 21% or more, the predetermined temperature T0 stored in the RAM 22d of the controller 22 remains at the outside air temperature K1 + 20 ° C. If the grain moisture M is less than 21% or more than 17% (6-3), the predetermined temperature T0 stored in the RAM 22d of the controller 22 is changed to the outside air temperature K1 + 7 ° C. If the grain moisture M is less than 17% and 15% or more (6-4), the predetermined temperature T0 stored in the RAM 22d of the controller 22 is changed to the outside air temperature K1 + 5 ° C.
[0029]
When it is determined in step (6-4) that it is less than 15%, 1 is stored (6-5) in the counter C set in the RAM 22d before moisture detection (6-1). Thus, every time the grain moisture changes, the predetermined temperature T0 of the control device 22 is changed, so that the drying proceeds at the optimum drying air temperature for the grain according to the grain moisture. If less than 15% is detected three times (6-6), it is determined that the drying is completed, and the burner STOP signal is output (6-7) from the control device 22 to the drive circuit 26 of the burner device 14, and Then, a signal is output (6-8) to the motor drive circuit 25 to stop the take-out motor 25b after an arbitrary delay time, and the motor to stop the bucket conveyor motor 25c and the fan motor 25a after a further delay time. After the signal is output (6-8) to the drive circuit 25, the execution of the control program is completed.
[0030]
Until the moisture value of less than 15% is detected three times in step (6-6), the control of FIG. 7, that is, the control of the burner device 14 based on the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature sensor 21 will be described. As described above, the predetermined temperature T0 stored in the RAM 22d is used as a reference (7-1) and compared with the drying air temperature T detected by the drying air temperature sensor 21 (7-2). When it is higher, a signal for reducing the fuel supply amount from the control device 22 to the burner device 14 is output (7-3). When the drying air temperature T is lower than the predetermined temperature T0, a signal for increasing the fuel supply amount from the control device 22 to the burner device 14 is output (7-4). If the drying air temperature T matches the predetermined temperature T0, no signal is output (7-5), and the drying air temperature T is repeatedly detected.
[0031]
Subsequently, the control of FIG. 8 which is the characteristic control of the present invention is executed. That is, the control of the burner device 14 when the abnormally rising temperature of the heated air is detected (hereinafter referred to as “control of the burner device at the abnormal temperature of the heated air”). First, the count N provided in the RAM 22d is reset to 0 (zero). Next, the value H stored in the RAM 22d is put in the outside air temperature K1 and stored in the RAM 22d. The outside air temperature K1 and the abnormal reference temperature stored in the RAM 22d are read out, the abnormal reference temperature is added to the outside air temperature K1, and this value is stored as the upper limit temperature J in the RAM 22d (8-1). The heating air temperature W detected by the heating air temperature sensor 44 is stored in the RAM 22d (8-2). Next, the upper limit temperature J and the heating air temperature W are read and compared (8-3). As a result of this comparison, if the value of the heating air temperature W is smaller than the value of the upper limit temperature J, the heating air temperature is determined to be normal, and the process returns to the moisture value detection in step (6-1) shown in FIG. If the value of the heating air temperature W does not coincide with the value of the upper limit temperature J, the process may return to the moisture value detection in step (6-1). On the other hand, if the value of the heating air temperature W is larger than the value of the upper limit temperature J, it is determined that the heating air temperature is abnormal, and the burner STOP signal is output from the control device 22 to the drive circuit 26 provided in the burner device 14 (8 -4) and 1 is added to the count N in order to memorize that the burner device 14 is stopped for the first time. Also here, when the value of the heating air temperature W coincides with the value of the upper limit temperature J, the process may proceed to step (8-4). Next, a predetermined time is measured by a timer circuit provided in the RAM 22d (8-5). This predetermined time is appropriately set, and the time for the heating air and / or the drying air temperature to fall to the outside air temperature, for example, 6 minutes is appropriately set. During this 6 minutes, the exhaust fan 20, the take-out part 10 and the reflux means 11, 43 are still in operation, and outside air is taken into the ventilation pipe 12 and the drying part 7, so that the heating air and the drying air gradually At the same time, the cereal temperature is lowered because the circulated grain in the drying apparatus is supplied with the drying air whose temperature is lowered. After this predetermined time has elapsed, the drying air temperature sensor 21 detects the drying air temperature that has decreased to the outside air temperature, and stores the detected temperature in the RAM 22d as the outside air temperature K1 (8-6). The outside temperature K1 stored in the RAM 22d in the step (8-6) is read, and a value obtained by subtracting, for example, 3 ° C. (3 ° C. × 1 (N)) from the outside temperature K1 is stored in the RAM 22d as the outside temperature K1 (8-7). To do. Thereafter, the control device 22 outputs (8-8) a burner start signal to the drive circuit 26 provided in the burner device 14, and returns to the moisture value detection in step (6-1) shown in FIG. In step (8-7), if the burner device 14 is stopped for the second time, the count N becomes 2, so the outside air temperature K1 subtracted 6 ° C. is stored in the RAM 22d.
Although not shown in the flowchart of FIG. 8, if the control device 22 sounds an alarm when an abnormal temperature of the heating air temperature is detected, the operator can be notified of an abnormality in the drying operation.
[0032]
Returning to step (6-1) shown in FIG. 6, after the moisture value is detected, the predetermined temperature is reset by the detected moisture value. At this time, since the outside air temperature K1 is drawn by 3 ° C. in the step (8-7), the outside air temperature K1 is 3 ° C. lower than the actual outside air temperature. The temperature of the heated air heated by the burner device 14 becomes lower than before the stop of the burner device 14 by the control shown in FIG. 7, that is, the fuel reduction signal for making the drying air temperature 3 ° C. lower. Therefore, the heating air temperature is reduced by 3 ° C. before the burner device 14 is stopped, and the drying air temperature is also reduced by 3 ° C. Therefore, when the burner device 14 is reactivated, the grain can be safely operated, and even if the heating air temperature rises again, the drying air temperature is lowered and the heating air temperature becomes abnormal. Since the time is long, it takes longer until the burner device 14 stops, during which the grain is dried. On the other hand, since the heating air and / or the drying air are lowered to the outside air temperature and the grain temperature is also lowered, it is possible to prevent quality deterioration due to the persistence of the overheated state of the grain.
[0033]
According to the control of the present invention, the heating air temperature rises due to an emergency situation in which the air volume in the grain drying device decreases, and the temperature rise range until the abnormal temperature of the heating air temperature is detected is the same as in the conventional There is no difference in size due to temperature differences. The reason will be explained. This is because the upper limit temperature J = the outside air temperature K1 + the abnormal reference temperature. More specifically, the abnormal reference temperature is set to, for example, 150 ° C. regardless of the change in the outside air temperature. And the case where external temperature is 5 degreeC and 20 degreeC, for example is demonstrated. When the outside air temperature is 5 ° C., the upper limit temperature is 155 ° C., and the heating air temperature is 145 ° C., for example. On the other hand, the upper limit temperature when the outside air temperature is 20 ° C. is 170 ° C., and the heating air temperature is 160 ° C. which is 15 ° C. higher than the difference temperature of the outside air temperature. At this time, the temperature difference between the heating air temperature and the upper limit temperature is 10 ° C. even when the outside air temperature is different between 5 ° C. and 20 ° C. Therefore, since the temperature increase width until the abnormal temperature of the heated air temperature is detected does not cause a large or small difference due to the difference in the outside air temperature as in the prior art, the temperature of the grain heated by the ventilation tube 12 varies. There is no.
[0034]
Moreover, in order to detect the abnormal temperature of the heating air even if the outside air temperature rises by or more than the decrease in the drying air temperature (predetermined temperature) when the burner device 14 is stopped for a certain time and restarted as in the conventional case Since the upper limit temperature J is the upper limit temperature J = the outside air temperature K1 + the abnormal reference temperature, the burner device 14 does not stop. This will be specifically described. The abnormal reference temperature is, for example, 150 ° C. regardless of the change in the outside air temperature. The upper limit temperature J when the outside air temperature when the abnormal temperature of the heated air is detected is 20 ° C. is 170 ° C. Then, it is assumed that the outside air temperature when the burner device 14 is stopped and restarted for a predetermined time has increased to 23 ° C., and further, the heating air temperature is decreased by 1 ° C. when the burner device 14 is restarted. In this case, the burner device 14 does not stop. The reason will be explained. The heating air temperature at the time of re-operation increases by a difference temperature of 2 ° C. corresponding to a 3 ° C. increase in the outside air temperature and a 1 ° C. decrease in the heating air temperature, and becomes 172 ° C. On the other hand, the upper limit temperature J at the time of re-operation is 173 ° C. as the outside air temperature (23 ° C.) + The abnormal reference temperature (150 ° C.). Therefore, since the heating air temperature (172 ° C.) is lower than the upper limit temperature (173 ° C.), it is not determined as an abnormal temperature. Therefore, the grain drying is continued without stopping the burner device 14.
[0035]
Two other embodiments relating to the control of the burner device at the time of abnormal heating air temperature in FIG. 8 will be described with reference to FIGS. 9 and 10. Explain the first. In the control of FIG. 8, the burner device 14 is restarted after stopping for a predetermined time by the timer. However, in the control shown in FIG. 9, the burner device 14 is restarted when the heating air temperature does not decrease. It is to be operated. In FIG. 9, a portion surrounded by a wavy line shows a portion different from the control in FIG. 8. This will be specifically described. The control device 22 outputs (9-1) a burner STOP signal to the drive circuit 26 of the burner device 14, then adds 1 to the counter N, and sets the value of the heating air temperature S1 to 0 (zero) (9-). 2). The heating air temperature sensor 44 detects the heating air temperature S2 (9-3). It is determined whether the heating air temperature S2 and the heating air temperature S1 match (9-4). If the values do not match in this determination, the timer circuit provided in the ROM 22c waits for a predetermined time (9-5). This predetermined time is a time during which the heated air temperature can be changed. After the elapse of a predetermined time, the value of the heating air temperature S2 is set in the heating air temperature S1 (9-6), and the process returns to the step (9-3). After detecting the heating air temperature S2 with the heating air temperature sensor 44 again, it is determined (9-4) whether the heating air temperature S2 and the heating air temperature S1 match. In this way, steps (9-2) to (9-6) are repeated until the heating air temperature S2 and the heating air temperature S1 match. On the other hand, if the heating air temperature S2 and the heating air temperature S1 coincide with each other in the determination, the subsequent control is performed in the same manner as the control shown in FIG. The effect of this control is that the determination as to whether or not the heating air temperature has decreased to the outside air temperature after the burner device 14 is stopped is more accurate than that performed by the timer means shown in the embodiment of FIG.
[0036]
Explain the second. In the control shown in FIG. 10, the burner device 14 is restarted when the drying air temperature does not decrease. In FIG. 10, the part enclosed by the wavy line shows the part different from the control of FIG. This will be specifically described. The control device 22 outputs a burner STOP signal to the drive circuit 26 of the burner device 14 (10-1), then adds 1 to the counter N, and sets the value of the drying air temperature Y1 to 0 (zero) (10−). 2). The drying air temperature sensor 21 detects the drying air temperature Y2 (10-3). It is determined whether or not the drying air temperature Y2 matches the drying air temperature Y1 (10-4). If the values do not match in this determination, the timer circuit provided in the ROM 22c waits for a predetermined time (10-5). The predetermined time is a time during which the changed drying air temperature can be detected. After the elapse of a predetermined time, the value of the drying air temperature Y2 is set in the drying air temperature Y1 (10-6), and the process returns to step (10-3). After the drying air temperature sensor 21 detects the drying air temperature Y2 again, it is determined again (10-4) whether the drying air temperature Y2 and the drying air temperature Y1 match. Thus, steps (10-2) to (10-6) are repeated until the drying air temperature Y2 and the drying air temperature Y1 coincide. On the other hand, if the drying air temperature Y2 coincides with the drying air temperature Y1 in the determination, the subsequent control is performed in the same manner as the control shown in FIG. Since the effect of this control is the same as that of the control of FIG. 9, description thereof is omitted here.
[0037]
Next, the structure and operation of the burner device 14 will be described. The combustion signal and fuel signal generated in FIGS. 5 and 7 are input to the drive circuit 26 of the burner device 14 shown in FIG. 12 via the I / O port 22a of the control device 22. A burner fan 28, a light detection element 36, a fuel pump 37, an on-off valve (hereinafter referred to as “valve”) 38, and an ignition transformer 39 are connected to the burner device 14 around a drive circuit 26. When a combustion signal is input from the control device 22, the drive circuit 26 drives the burner fan 28 to operate the fuel pump 37, the valve 38 and the ignition transformer 39. The fuel pump 37 is connected to a fuel tank 40 and operates so as to continuously send a certain amount of fuel from the fuel tank 40 to the valve 38. By changing the opening / closing time of the valve 38 by the drive circuit 26, the fuel ejection amount Increase or decrease. An electrode of an ignition transformer 39 is provided in the vicinity of the valve 38, and the fuel ejected by opening and closing the valve 38 is ignited and burned. The burner fan 28 blows air to the hot air generated by combustion. The drive circuit 26 may incorporate logic for changing the driving stop of the components and the opening / closing of the valve 38 in accordance with a signal input from the control device 22, or the drive circuit 26 incorporates a CPU or a ROM. You may comprise.
[0038]
Combustion of the burner device 14 is processed by the control flowchart of FIG. In the burner device 14, when the signal is inputted, the burner fan 28 is driven (11-1) based on the logic incorporated in the drive circuit 26, and the fuel pump 37 is driven with the valve initial value as P, The valve 38 is opened / closed at the initial value P and the ignition transformer 39 is driven. When ignition is confirmed by the light detection element 36, the ignition transformer 39 is stopped. When the fuel reduction signal is received from the control device 22 after igniting the burner device 14 in this way (11-2), the increase / decrease of the fuel signal is judged (11-3). The fuel supply amount is decreased (11-4) by decreasing the opening time P. The valve 38 decreases the hot air temperature by decreasing the fuel injection amount by decreasing the valve opening time P at a certain time, for example, P = 40 ms by 2 ms by 1 step, thereby decreasing the combustion amount.
[0039]
Further, in the burner device 14, if it is an increase signal in the fuel signal increase / decrease determination (11-3), the open time P of the valve 38 is increased (11-5) to increase the fuel ejection amount. The valve 38 raises the hot air temperature by increasing the fuel supply amount by increasing the valve opening time P at a certain time, for example, P = 40 ms by 2 ms, and increasing the combustion amount. The burner device 14 stops the fuel pump 37 and the valve 38 by a burner STOP signal (11-6) generated in the control device 22 at the end of drying or when the heating air temperature described later rises abnormally (11-7). Then, the burner fan 28 is stopped and the burner device 14 is extinguished. In addition, the increase / decrease width (1 step) of the open time of a fuel pump can be set arbitrarily.
[0040]
Another embodiment will be described next. This is an example in which an outside air temperature sensor (outside air temperature detecting means) 41 is added to the configuration of the grain drying device 1 described above. Only the differences will be described below. In this embodiment, the outside air temperature sensor 41 is provided on the side surface of the bucket conveyor 11 as shown in FIG. Further, the outside air temperature sensor 41 is connected to an I / O port 22a provided in the control device 22 via an A / D conversion circuit 42 as shown in FIG. Next, a control program for the grain drying apparatus 1 provided with the outside air temperature sensor 41 will be described. When the drying start switch 29d is turned on, the control program is executed. As shown in FIG. 14, the control device 22 outputs start signals for the take-out motor, bucket conveyor motor and fan motor to the motor drive circuit 25, and then the outside air temperature sensor 41. Thus, the outside air temperature K1 is detected and stored in the RAM 22d (14-1). Thereafter, the predetermined temperature of the drying air is determined based on the outside air temperature K1 in the same manner as in the control described in the above embodiment, and the fuel signal is set so that the drying air temperature becomes the determined predetermined temperature. To the driving circuit 26.
[0041]
Next, the characteristic control of FIG. 15 of the present invention, that is, the control of the burner device at the time of abnormal heating air temperature is executed. The count N set in the ROM 22c is reset to 0 (zero). Next, the value H stored in the RAM 22d is put in the outside air temperature K1 and stored in the RAM 22d. The outside air temperature K1 stored in the RAM 22d and the abnormal reference temperature stored in the ROM 22c are read, added to the outside air temperature K1, and stored as the upper limit temperature J in the RAM 22d (15-1). Next, the heating air temperature W is detected by the heating air temperature sensor 44 and stored in the RAM 22d (15-2). The upper limit temperature J and the heating air temperature W stored in the RAM 22d are read, and the upper limit temperature J and the heating air temperature W are compared (15-3). If the value of the heating air temperature W is smaller than the value of the upper limit temperature J, the process returns to the step (6-1). On the other hand, if the value of the heating air temperature W is larger than the value of the upper limit temperature J, the control device 22 outputs (15-4) a burner STOP signal to the drive circuit 26 provided in the burner device 14, and the first burner. 1 is added to the count N because the apparatus is stopped. Next, the drying air temperature G detected by the drying air temperature sensor 21 is stored in the RAM 22d (15-5). The outside air temperature K1 detected by the outside air temperature sensor 41 is stored in the RAM 22d (15-6). Next, the outside air temperature K1 and the drying air temperature G stored in the RAM 22d are read, and it is determined whether the outside air temperature K1 and the drying air temperature G match (15-7). In this determination, if the value of the outside air temperature K1 does not match the value of the drying air temperature G, the process returns to step (15-5). On the other hand, if the value of the outside air temperature K1 matches the value of the drying air temperature G, the value of the outside air temperature K1 stored in the RAM 22d is stored as the value H in the RAM 22d again. Next, the outside air temperature K1 stored in the RAM 22d is read, and a value obtained by subtracting, for example, 3 ° C. (3 ° C. × 1 (N)) from the outside air temperature K1 is stored in the RAM 22d as the outside air temperature K1 (15-8). Thereafter, the control device 22 outputs a burner start signal to the drive circuit 26 of the burner device 14 (15-9).
[0042]
Thereafter, the process returns to step (6-1) shown in FIG. 6 to perform the predetermined temperature setting control by the grain moisture in FIG. 6 and the fuel increase / decrease control of the burner device 14 in FIG. Control of the burner apparatus 14 at the time of the abnormal heating air temperature of FIG. 15 is performed. In the resetting of the upper limit temperature J performed in step (15-1), the value of the outside air temperature K1 and the value of the drying air temperature G coincide with each other in the comparison of step (15-7) after the burner device 14 is stopped. Outside temperature is used. As a result, even if the outside air temperature at the start of re-operation of the burner device 14 is higher than the outside air temperature at the time of stopping the burner device 14 by a decrease in the drying air temperature (predetermined temperature) or more, the upper limit at the start of re-operation. Since the temperature is also increased with the outside air temperature, the heating air temperature does not exceed the upper limit temperature as in the prior art even when re-operation is started. Accordingly, since the heating air temperature is not detected as an abnormal temperature, the heating air generating means can continue the drying operation without stopping.
[0043]
Moreover, since the upper limit temperature J is a value obtained by adding the outside air temperature to the abnormal reference temperature, it changes according to the change in the outside air temperature. Therefore, even if the outside air temperature is different, the difference temperature between the heated air temperature and the upper limit temperature is constant, and the temperature rise range until the abnormal temperature of the heated air temperature is detected is the difference between the outside air temperature as before. Therefore, the temperature of the grain heated by the ventilation pipe 12 does not vary.
[0044]
Furthermore, the reactivation of the burner device 14 after stopping the burner device 14 by providing the outside air temperature sensor 41 can be started when the drying air temperature becomes the outside air temperature. Since the take-out unit 10, the reflux means 11, 43 and the exhaust fan 20 are in operation while the burner device 14 is stopped, the grain temperature of the grains circulating in the drying apparatus decreases due to the passage of the drying air whose temperature has decreased. . Therefore, it is possible to prevent a drop in grain quality due to the continued overheating state.
[0045]
【The invention's effect】
According to claim 1, the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detecting means before the operation of the heating air generating means is defined as the outside air temperature, and an upper limit temperature obtained by adding a predetermined abnormal reference temperature to the outside air temperature and the heating air temperature. The heating air temperature detected by the detection means is repeatedly compared, and when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature or when the heating air temperature matches the upper limit temperature, the heating air generating means is instructed to stop, The grain drying apparatus is provided with control means for commanding the heating air generating means to re-activate so as to generate the heating air having a temperature lower than that before the stop. Since the upper limit temperature is a value obtained by adding the outside air temperature to the abnormal reference temperature, it changes according to the change in the outside air temperature. Therefore, even if the outside air temperature is different, the difference temperature between the heated air temperature and the upper limit temperature is constant, and the temperature rise range until the abnormal temperature of the heated air temperature is detected is the difference between the outside air temperature as before. Therefore, the temperature of the grain heated by the ventilation pipe 12 does not vary.
[0046]
According to a second aspect of the present invention, when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control unit stops the heating air generating unit for a predetermined time so that the heating air temperature and / or the drying air temperature approaches the outside air temperature. Thus, a technical means is adopted in which the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detection means when the predetermined time has elapsed is set as a new outside air temperature. Therefore, a dry wind that lowers the temperature is blown to the grains. As a result, the grain temperature is lowered, so that it is possible to prevent the quality from being lowered due to the continued overheating of the grain. Further, even if an outside temperature sensor for detecting the outside air temperature is not provided, it is possible to grasp the drying air temperature by the drying air temperature detecting means when the heating air generating means is reactivated as the outside air temperature. The upper limit temperature at can be set again. As a result, even if the outside air temperature at the start of re-operation of the burner device 14 is higher than the outside air temperature at the time of stopping the burner device 14 by a decrease in the drying air temperature (predetermined temperature) or more, the upper limit at the start of re-operation Since the temperature is also increased with the outside air temperature, the heating air temperature does not exceed the upper limit temperature as in the prior art even when re-operation is started. Accordingly, since the heating air temperature is not detected as an abnormal temperature, the heating air generating means can continue the drying operation without stopping.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view in which a part of a grain drying apparatus embodying the present invention is broken.
FIG. 2 is a side view in which a part of the grain drying apparatus embodying the present invention is broken.
FIG. 3 is a plan sectional view of a drying section of a grain drying apparatus embodying the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a control block diagram of the grain drying apparatus embodying the present invention.
FIG. 5 is a flowchart for setting a predetermined temperature based on the amount of grain in the control device.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart of a predetermined temperature change based on the grain moisture value in the control device.
FIG. 7 is a control flowchart of a control device for a burner device.
FIG. 8 is a control flowchart of the control device for the burner device when an abnormal temperature of the heated air is detected.
FIG. 9 is a modified example of the control flowchart of the control device for the burner device when an abnormal temperature of the heated air is detected.
FIG. 10 is a modified example of the control flowchart of the control device for the burner device when an abnormal temperature of the heated air is detected.
FIG. 11 is a control flowchart of the burner device.
FIG. 12 is a block diagram showing a burner device.
FIG. 13 is a modified example of the control block diagram of the grain drying apparatus embodying the present invention.
FIG. 14 is a modified example of a flowchart for setting a predetermined temperature based on the amount of grain in the control device.
FIG. 15 is a modified example of the control flowchart of the control device for the burner device when an abnormal temperature of the heated air is detected.
FIG. 16 is a front view in which a part of a conventional grain drying apparatus is broken.
FIG. 17 is a side view in which a part of a conventional grain drying apparatus is broken.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Grain dryer
2 Storage tank
3 Air passage
4 Air exhaust passage
5 Grain falling tank
6 Perforated plate
7 Drying section
8 Valve
9 Screw conveyor
10 Extraction unit
11 Bucket conveyor
12 Ventilation pipe
13 Heating part
14 Burner device (heating air generating means)
15 Front windway
16 Rear wind path
17 Outside air inlet
18 Moisture detector
20 Exhaust fan (exhaust means)
21 Drying air temperature sensor (Drying air temperature detection means)
22 Control device (control means)
22a I / O port
22b CPU
22c Read-only memory (ROM)
22d Read / write memory (RAM)
23 A / D conversion circuit
24 A / D conversion circuit
25 Motor drive circuit
25a fan motor
25b Extractor motor
25c bucket conveyor motor
26 Burner drive circuit
28 Burner Fan
29 Input section
29a Sticking setting switch
29b Moisture setting switch
29c tension button
29d Dry button
29e Eject button
36 photodetection elements
37 Fuel pump
38 valves
39 Ignition transformer
40 Fuel tank
41 Outside air temperature sensor (outside air temperature detection means)
42 A / D conversion circuit
43 Screw conveyor
44 Heating air temperature sensor (heating air temperature detection means)
45 A / D conversion circuit

Claims (8)

A storage part for storing grains, a heating part for directly raising the grain temperature by bringing the grains into direct contact with the ventilation pipe heated by the heating air heated by the heating air generating means, and heating that has passed through the ventilation pipe of the heating part A drying unit that blows and blows wind on the grain as drying air, and a discharge means for discharging the grain out of the drying device are sequentially provided,
Refluxing means for refluxing the grains discharged from the discharging means to the storage unit;
Air exhaust means for exhausting the drying air of the drying section out of the drying device;
In a grain drying apparatus comprising:
Heating air temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the heated air heated by the heating air generating means;
A drying air temperature detecting means for detecting a drying air temperature in the drying section;
The drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detecting means before the operation of the heating air generating means is taken as the outside air temperature, and is detected by the heating air temperature detecting means and the upper limit temperature obtained by adding a predetermined abnormal reference temperature to the outside air temperature. When the heating air temperature is repeatedly compared with the upper limit temperature or when the heating air temperature matches the upper limit temperature, the heating air generating means is instructed to stop, and then the temperature is lower than before the stop. Control means for commanding reactivation to the heating air generating means so as to generate the heating air of
A grain drying apparatus comprising: The control means stops the heating air generating means for a predetermined time so that the heating air temperature and / or the drying air temperature approaches the outside air temperature when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, and the drying is performed when the predetermined time elapses. 2. The grain drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drying air temperature detected by the air temperature detecting means is set as a new outside air temperature. When the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control unit stops the heating air generating unit until the drying air temperature detected by the drying air temperature detecting unit does not decrease, and detects the drying air temperature when the predetermined time has elapsed. 2. The grain drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drying air temperature detected by the means is used as a new outside air temperature. When the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature, the control unit stops the heating air generation unit until the heating air temperature detected by the heating air temperature detection unit does not decrease, and detects the drying air temperature when the predetermined time elapses. 2. The grain drying apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the drying air temperature detected by the means is used as a new outside air temperature. A storage part for storing grains, a heating part for directly raising the grain temperature by bringing the grains into direct contact with the ventilation pipe heated by the heating air heated by the heating air generating means, and heating that has passed through the ventilation pipe of the heating part A drying unit that blows and blows wind on the grain as drying air, and a discharge means for discharging the grain out of the drying device are sequentially provided,
Refluxing means for refluxing the grains discharged from the discharging means to the storage unit;
Air exhaust means for exhausting the drying air of the drying section out of the drying device;
In a grain drying apparatus comprising:
Heating air temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the heated air heated by the heating air generating means;
An outside air temperature detecting means for detecting the outside air temperature outside the drying device;
The upper limit temperature obtained by adding a predetermined abnormal reference temperature to the outside air temperature detected by the outside air temperature detecting means is repeatedly compared with the heating air temperature detected by the heating air temperature detecting means, so that the heating air temperature becomes the upper limit temperature. When the temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature or when the heating air temperature matches the upper limit temperature, the heating air generating means is instructed to stop, and then the heating air generating means is instructed to re-activate the heating air to generate a lower temperature than before the stopping. Control means to
A grain drying apparatus comprising: Drying air temperature detecting means for detecting the drying air temperature in the drying section is provided, and the control means matches the detected temperature of the outside air temperature detecting means and the detected temperature of the drying air temperature detecting means when the heating air temperature exceeds the upper limit temperature. 6. The grain drying apparatus according to claim 5, wherein the heating wind generating means is instructed to stop until it is finished. The control means detects the detected temperature detected by the outside air temperature detecting means when the detected temperature of the outside air temperature detecting means coincides with the detected temperature of the drying air temperature detecting means after the heating air generating means is stopped as a new outside air temperature. The grain drying apparatus according to claim 6. 8. The control device according to claim 1, wherein the control unit continuously operates the discharge unit, the reflux unit, and the exhaust unit while the heating air generation unit is stopped. Grain drying equipment.

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