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JP4182392B2 - Iron-based alloy compact for obtaining low-density sintered compacts - Google Patents
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JP4182392B2 - Iron-based alloy compact for obtaining low-density sintered compacts - Google Patents

Iron-based alloy compact for obtaining low-density sintered compacts Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4182392B2
JP4182392B2 JP2002098212A JP2002098212A JP4182392B2 JP 4182392 B2 JP4182392 B2 JP 4182392B2 JP 2002098212 A JP2002098212 A JP 2002098212A JP 2002098212 A JP2002098212 A JP 2002098212A JP 4182392 B2 JP4182392 B2 JP 4182392B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
iron
based alloy
density
powder
density sintered
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
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JP2002098212A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003293001A (en
Inventor
恵英 竹本
博 河野
康史 石井
良久 野呂
裕二 曽田
Current Assignee (The listed assignees may be inaccurate. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation or warranty as to the accuracy of the list.)
Mitsubishi Steel Mfg Co Ltd
Fine Sinter Co Ltd
Original Assignee
Mitsubishi Steel Mfg Co Ltd
Fine Sinter Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、気孔率が30%以上を有する焼結体を製造するための圧粉体に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
耐磨耗性の鉄系金属粉末を原料とした気孔率の大きい焼結品を骨材とし、その気孔部にAl、Cu等を溶浸させて作成する、耐磨耗性が大きく、熱伝導性が高く、且つ固体潤滑性も有する多相系焼結部品は、自動車のエンジン部品等その用途は多岐にわたる。
【0003】
気孔率の大きい焼結体を製造するためには、焼結前の成形体の密度を極力小さくしておく事が必要である。従来成形体の密度を小さく保つためには、
1.成形圧力を成形体の機械的強度を確保できる最低の圧力で成形すること、
2.できるだけ狭い粒度分布で、かつ、できるだけ球状な金属粉末を使用すること、
が従来から検討されている。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
しかしながら、
1.の方法は成形圧力の変動で成形体強度にばらつきが出やすく結果成形体の取り扱い中に破損してしまう危険性が大きくなってくる。
2.の方法は原料粉末のある狭い範囲の粒度分布の粉末だけを使用することになるため原料の使用歩留まりが低くなり原料粉末のコストが高いものになってしまう課題があった。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するために、請求項1に係る発明は、低密度焼結体を得る鉄系合金粉末を、0.2〜3.0重量%の寒天をもって造粒し、50MPa以上好ましくは50〜300MPaの圧力で圧縮成形したものであって、その成形体の密度が3.5〜5.0g/cm3(気孔率35.9〜55.1%)であり、その成形体の圧縮強さが10MPa以上好ましくは30MPa以上であることを特徴とする低密度焼結体を得る為の鉄系合金の圧粉体である。かかる圧粉体は低密度でかつハンドリングするのに十分な機械的強度を有し、気孔率が30%以上を有する焼結体を製造するための圧粉体を提供することが可能となる。用いる寒天の量が0.2重量%未満さらには3.0重量%を超えると上記所期の目的が達成できなくなる。
【0006】
また、請求項2に係る発明は、粒度調整を何ら実施せずに通常の水アトマイズ金属粉末を原料として、気孔率が30%以上を有する焼結体を製造するための圧粉体を提供することが可能となる。
【0007】
また、請求項3に係る発明は、造粒をスプレードライ工法、転動造粒工法又は攪拌造粒工法により行なうことにより金属粉末は乾燥・球状化し、流動性が良好で取り扱いが非常に楽な圧粉成形の量産に最適な造粒粉を提供可能となる。
【0008】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施例について述べる。
【0009】
実施例1
合金粉末に対する寒天の添加量と成形体密度及びその曲げ強さとの関係を、結合剤として従来使用されているポリビニルアルコール(PVA)を用いたものを比較例として対比した。
250メッシュ以下の粒径を有する水アトマイズ金属粉SUS316Lの10キロに、寒天をそれぞれの添加量に見合った量だけ加熱溶解した結合材溶液10リットルに攪拌・懸濁させてスラリーとする。
このスラリーを温風の入口温度178℃、出口温度80℃、ディスク回転数10000RPMに設定したスプレードライヤーにて造粒粉を作成した。
【0010】
一方、250メッシュ以下の粒径を有する水アトマイズ金属粉10キロとPVAをそれぞれの添加量に見合った量だけ溶解した結合材溶液10リットルに攪拌・懸濁させてスラリーとした。
このスラリーを寒天の場合と同様の条件で造粒粉とした。この様にして得られた造粒粉を内径22ミリの上下のパンチを有する金型の中に20グラムずつ充填後100MPaの圧力で加圧成形し、成形体の密度測定用の試料とした。
【0011】
また、20×60ミリの上下のパンチを有する金型の中に60グラムずつ充填後、100MPaの圧力で加圧成形し、曲げ強さを測定するための試料とした。定法通りの方法にて3点曲げ強さ及び、成形体の外寸と重量を測定して算出した密度を表1に示す。
【0012】
【表1】

Figure 0004182392
【0013】
このように寒天を結合材とした時、PVAのそれより曲げ強さに優れる成形体が得られ、更に、成形体の密度は低い物が得られる。
この理由として寒天を結合材としてスプレードライヤーにて急激に乾燥すると、PVAを結合材とする場合より、ポーラスな被膜を形成すると共に被膜厚さも厚くなり、この造粒粉を用いて加圧成形したときに結合材の被膜同士のからみつきが強くなることから曲げ強さが強くなり、また、結合材の被膜厚さの厚い分だけ成形体の密度は低くなるものと考えられる。
【0014】
実施例2
寒天を結合材とした時の成形圧力と成形体密度及びその曲げ強さとの関係を、結合剤として従来使用されているPVAを用いたものを比較例として対比した。
極めて塑性変形性に優れている純鉄粉80重量%に水アトマイズ法で得られた高速度鋼粉末を20重量%混合した金属粉末20キロに、PVAおよび寒天をそれぞれ添加量が0.5重量%となるように加熱溶解した結合材溶液10リットルに攪拌・懸濁させてスラリーとした。このスラリーを温風の入口温度178℃、出口温度80℃、ディスク回転数10000RPMに設定したスプレードライヤーにて造粒し、内径22ミリの上下のパンチを有する金型の中に20グラムずつ充填後、5から300MPaの圧力で成形し、圧縮強度と密度を測定した結果を表2に示す。
【0015】
【表2】
Figure 0004182392
【0016】
この様に100MPa未満の低圧で成形しても高い圧縮強度を示し、ハンドリングに十分な機械的強度を有していることが分かる。
さらに、100MPaの圧力で成型すると成形体の密度は4.35g/cm3と低い密度の成形体が得られ、この成形体を焼結して気孔率40%以上の含浸性に優れた焼結体が得られた。
【0017】
【発明の効果】
請求項1に係る発明は、鉄系金属粉末の結合剤として寒天を使用する事により、低圧力プレス成形にてもハンドリングに十分な機械的強度を有する低密度成形体が得られる。
【0018】
請求項2に係る発明により、粒度調整をしない水アトマイズ鉄系金属粉末を低密度焼結品を製造する原料粉として利用する事ができるため、収率が向上し製造コストの低減が可能になる。
【0019】
請求項3に係る発明により寒天造粒粉末は乾燥・球状化しており流動性の良好な粉末として粉末成形に供する事が可能になる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a green compact for producing a sintered body having a porosity of 30% or more.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Sintered products with high porosity, made from wear-resistant iron-based metal powder, are used as aggregates, and the pores are infiltrated with Al, Cu, etc. Multiphase sintered parts having high properties and solid lubricity have a wide variety of uses such as automobile engine parts.
[0003]
In order to produce a sintered body having a high porosity, it is necessary to reduce the density of the formed body before sintering as much as possible. In order to keep the density of the conventional molded body small,
1. Molding at the lowest pressure that can ensure the mechanical strength of the molded body,
2. Use metal powder with the narrowest particle size distribution possible and as spherical as possible,
Has been studied in the past.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However,
1. This method tends to cause variations in the strength of the molded body due to fluctuations in the molding pressure, resulting in an increased risk of breakage during handling of the molded body.
2. This method uses only a powder having a narrow particle size distribution within a certain range of the raw material powder, so that there is a problem that the yield of the raw material is lowered and the cost of the raw material powder is increased.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that an iron-based alloy powder for obtaining a low-density sintered body is granulated with 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of agar and preferably 50 MPa or more. Compression molding is performed at a pressure of 50 to 300 MPa, and the density of the molded body is 3.5 to 5.0 g / cm 3 (porosity 35.9 to 55.1%), and the molded body is compressed. An iron-based alloy compact for obtaining a low-density sintered body characterized by having a strength of 10 MPa or more, preferably 30 MPa or more. Such a green compact has a low density and sufficient mechanical strength for handling, and can provide a green compact for producing a sintered body having a porosity of 30% or more. If the amount of agar used is less than 0.2% by weight or more than 3.0% by weight, the intended purpose cannot be achieved.
[0006]
In addition, the invention according to claim 2 provides a green compact for producing a sintered body having a porosity of 30% or more using ordinary water atomized metal powder as a raw material without any particle size adjustment. It becomes possible.
[0007]
Further, in the invention according to claim 3, the metal powder is dried and spheroidized by performing granulation by a spray drying method, a rolling granulation method or a stirring granulation method, and the fluidity is good and the handling is very easy. It is possible to provide the most suitable granulated powder for mass production of compacting.
[0008]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Examples of the present invention will be described below.
[0009]
Example 1
The relationship between the amount of agar added to the alloy powder and the density of the compact and its bending strength was compared with a comparative example using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) conventionally used as a binder.
A slurry of 10 g of water atomized metal powder SUS316L having a particle size of 250 mesh or less is stirred and suspended in 10 liters of a binder solution in which agar is heated and dissolved in an amount corresponding to each added amount.
The slurry was granulated with a spray drier set at a hot air inlet temperature of 178 ° C., an outlet temperature of 80 ° C., and a disk rotation speed of 10,000 RPM.
[0010]
On the other hand, 10 kilograms of water atomized metal powder having a particle size of 250 mesh or less and PVA were stirred and suspended in 10 liters of a binder solution dissolved in an amount corresponding to each added amount to form a slurry.
This slurry was made into granulated powder under the same conditions as in the case of agar. The granulated powder obtained in this way was filled in a mold having upper and lower punches with an inner diameter of 22 mm in 20 gram increments and then pressure-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa to obtain a sample for measuring the density of the molded body.
[0011]
Moreover, after filling each 60 grams into a mold having upper and lower punches of 20 × 60 mm, it was press-molded at a pressure of 100 MPa to obtain a sample for measuring bending strength. Table 1 shows the density calculated by measuring the three-point bending strength and the outer dimensions and weight of the molded body by a conventional method.
[0012]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004182392
[0013]
In this way, when agar is used as a binder, a molded body having a higher bending strength than that of PVA can be obtained, and a molded body having a lower density can be obtained.
The reason for this is that when agar is used as a binder and dried rapidly with a spray dryer, a porous film is formed and the film thickness is thicker than when PVA is used as a binder, and this granulated powder is used for pressure molding. In some cases, the binding between the coating films of the bonding material becomes stronger, so that the bending strength becomes stronger, and the density of the molded body becomes lower by the thickness of the coating film having a larger thickness.
[0014]
Example 2
The relationship between the molding pressure when using agar as the binder, the density of the molded body, and the bending strength thereof was compared as a comparative example using PVA conventionally used as a binder.
PVA and agar are added in an amount of 0.5 wt% to 20 kg of metal powder in which high-speed steel powder obtained by the water atomization method is mixed with 80 wt% of pure iron powder that is extremely excellent in plastic deformability. %, The mixture was stirred and suspended in 10 liters of a binder solution dissolved by heating to make a slurry. This slurry is granulated with a spray dryer set at a hot air inlet temperature of 178 ° C., an outlet temperature of 80 ° C., and a disk rotation speed of 10,000 RPM, and filled into a die having upper and lower punches with an inner diameter of 22 mm in 20 gram increments. Table 2 shows the results of molding at a pressure of 5 to 300 MPa and measuring the compressive strength and density.
[0015]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004182392
[0016]
Thus, even if it shape | molds by the low pressure of less than 100 Mpa, it shows high compressive strength, and it turns out that it has sufficient mechanical strength for handling.
Further, when molded at a pressure of 100 MPa, a molded body having a density as low as 4.35 g / cm 3 is obtained. This molded body is sintered and sintered with excellent impregnation properties with a porosity of 40% or more. The body was obtained.
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
In the invention according to claim 1, by using agar as a binder for the iron-based metal powder, a low-density molded body having sufficient mechanical strength for handling can be obtained even in low-pressure press molding.
[0018]
According to the invention according to claim 2, since the water atomized iron-based metal powder without adjusting the particle size can be used as a raw material powder for producing a low-density sintered product, the yield is improved and the production cost can be reduced. .
[0019]
According to the invention of claim 3, the agar granulated powder is dried and spheroidized, and can be used for powder molding as a powder having good fluidity.

Claims (3)

低密度焼結体を得る鉄系合金粉末を、0.2〜3.0重量%の寒天をもって造粒し、50〜300MPaの圧力で圧縮成形したものであって、その成形体の密度が3.5〜5.0g/cm3であり、その成形体の圧縮強さが10MPa以上であることを特徴とする低密度焼結体を得るための鉄系合金の圧粉体。An iron-based alloy powder for obtaining a low-density sintered body is granulated with 0.2 to 3.0% by weight of agar and compression molded at a pressure of 50 to 300 MPa, and the density of the molded body is 3 .5~5.0g / cm 3, and a green compact of an iron-based alloy to obtain a low density sintered body, characterized in that the compression strength of the molded article is not less than 10 MPa. 請求項1において、金属粉末が水アトマイズ粉であることを特徴とする低密度焼結体を得るための鉄系合金の圧粉体。The green compact of an iron-based alloy for obtaining a low-density sintered body according to claim 1, wherein the metal powder is water atomized powder. 請求項1又は2において、造粒をスプレードライ工法、転動造粒工法または攪拌造粒工法により行なったことを特徴とする低密度焼結体を得るための鉄系合金の圧粉体。3. An iron-based alloy green compact for obtaining a low-density sintered body according to claim 1, wherein granulation is performed by spray drying, rolling granulation, or stirring granulation.
JP2002098212A 2002-04-01 2002-04-01 Iron-based alloy compact for obtaining low-density sintered compacts Expired - Fee Related JP4182392B2 (en)

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