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JP4183169B2 - Cylindrical propeller turbine equipment - Google Patents
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JP4183169B2 - Cylindrical propeller turbine equipment - Google Patents

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Publication number
JP4183169B2
JP4183169B2 JP2002226252A JP2002226252A JP4183169B2 JP 4183169 B2 JP4183169 B2 JP 4183169B2 JP 2002226252 A JP2002226252 A JP 2002226252A JP 2002226252 A JP2002226252 A JP 2002226252A JP 4183169 B2 JP4183169 B2 JP 4183169B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
water
tapered
cylindrical propeller
suction pipe
pipe
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JP2002226252A
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JP2004068641A (en
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直史 塚本
守人 稲垣
和行 正木
一彦 大江
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Fuji Electric Co Ltd
Tokyo Electric Power Co Holdings Inc
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Tokyo Electric Power Co Inc
Fuji Electric Holdings Ltd
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    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E10/00Energy generation through renewable energy sources
    • Y02E10/20Hydro energy

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  • Other Liquid Machine Or Engine Such As Wave Power Use (AREA)

Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、配管の途中などに設置される円筒形プロペラ水車装置に係わり、その長さ方向寸法の短縮に有効な吸出し管の構造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
水道管,ダム放水路などの配管では、その途中や端末部などに円筒形プロペラ水車装置を設置して配管内を通流する水が持つエネルギ─の回収を図ることが一般に行われている。このような用途に用いられる円筒形プロペラ水車装置の従来例の概要を以下に図4,図5を用いて説明する。図4は配管に設置された従来の一例の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図である。図4において、9は水道管などの配管であり、配管9内には水99(図に白抜きの矢印で示す)が通流している。7は配管9の途中に設置された円筒形プロペラ水車装置(以降、水車装置と略称することがある)である。水車装置7はこの事例の場合にはバルブ形水車発電装置であり、水車装置本体部7Aと吸出し管75とを備え、水車装置本体部7Aはプロペラ形の水車ランナー71、水密容器72、ケーシング73、吸込み管74などを備えている。
【0003】
水車ランナー71は水99により駆動され、水密容器72には水車ランナー71で駆動される発電機などが内蔵されている。ケーシング73は水密容器72の外周部や水車ランナー71周辺部の水99の流路を形成する筒状体であり、また、水車装置7の水99の入口である水車入口78と水車装置7の水99の出口である水車出口79とは、それぞれ配管9に接続されている。吸込み管74は水車入口78の部位に、吸出し管75は水車出口79の部位にそれぞれ配置されている。水車ランナー71にはランナーベーン711の基部をカバーすると共に、水車ランナー71周辺の水99の流れを滑らかにするために水99の下流になる部位ほど径が小さくなるテーパー状のランナーコーン712が取付けられている。
【0004】
配管9の内径は水99の流速が3m/s以下になるように定められるのが一般なので、水車入口78および水車出口79での水99の流速は3m/s以下である。しかしながら、水車ランナー71を高効率・高回転数で運転するためには水99のより速い流速が必要になるので、水車装置7ではケーシング73の水車ランナー71付近の内径は配管9の内径の1/2程度に設定されるのが一般である。このために、水車ランナー71の出口部には、水99の下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状にされると共に、8〜25度前後の広がり角度2θ(θは図4を参照)を持つ吸出し管75が配置され、水99の流れに剥離が生じないような条件として流速をしだいに低下させた上で配管9に接続されている。
【0005】
また図5は配管に設置された従来の異なる例の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図である。なお以下の説明では、図4に示した従来例の円筒形プロペラ水車装置7,配管9などと同一部分には同じ符号を付しその説明を省略する。また以後の説明に用いる図中には、図4で付した符号については、極力代表的な符号のみを記すようにしている。図5において、8は、複数台(この事例の場合には2台)の円筒形プロペラ水車装置7を、水99の流れに関して前段側の水車装置7の吸出し管75を介して後段側の水車装置7が接続された複数台直列接続形式の水車装置である。水車装置7のようなバルブ形水車発電装置やチューブラ形水車装置は、その耐圧度の関係から適用できる落差は20m程度が限界である。このために、20mを越える大きな落差に対しバルブ形水車発電装置やチューブラ形水車装置を適用する場合には、水車装置8のような複数台直列接続形式の水車装置が用いられている。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
前述した従来技術による円筒形プロペラ水車装置7,8は、配管9を通流する水99が持つエネルギ─の回収に有効であるが、近年、次記することが問題点として指摘されるようになり、その解決が望まれている。すなわち、既設の配管9に水車装置7,8を設置する場合には、配管9に既に設けられている減圧弁設置用スペースなどに設置できることが、水車装置7,8の設置費用を抑制する上から極めて好ましい。しかしながら、水車装置7,8の全長L7 ,L8 (L7 ,L8 は図4,図5を参照)が長過ぎるために、水車装置7,8を既設の配管9の減圧弁設置用スペースなどに設置することが困難な場合が多い。吸出し管75は前述のように水99の流れに剥離が生じないように配慮されているために、単体部材としてはその全長が比較的に長く、1台の吸出し管75の長さL75(L75は図4,図5を参照)は配管9の内径のほぼ2〜3倍程度になっている。水車装置7,8を減圧弁設置用スペースなどに設置しようとしてこの吸出し管75の長さL75を無理に短縮することは、水99の流れに剥離が生じることによる流体損失の増大のために、水車装置7,8から回収される電力量が低減してしまうという新たな問題を招くことになっている。
【0007】
この発明は、前述の従来技術の問題点に鑑みなされ、その目的は、流体損失を増大すること無しに長さ寸法の短縮化が図れる円筒形プロペラ水車装置を提供することにある。
【0008】
【課題を解決するための手段】
この発明では前述の目的は、
(1)水の出口部分に前記水の流れの下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状の吸出し管を備えた円筒形プロペラ水車装置において、
前記吸出し管は多重に同心配置された複数のテーパー状管で構成され、それぞれの前記テーパー状管は、外側に配置されるものほど大きな広がり角度を有すると共に、最も内側のテーパー状管を除前記テーパー状管とその内側に配置されるテーパー状管との間の前記広がり角度の差は、前記水の流れに剥離を生じさせることの無い値であり、かつ最も内側のテーパー状管は、ランナー側端部がランナーコーンの端面と対峙し、出口側端部が半球状に塞がれ、内側に前記水が通流しないように構成すること、または、
(2)水の出口部分に前記水の流れの下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状の吸出し管を備えた複数台の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を、前記水の流れに関して前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管を介して後段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を接続する複数台直列接続形式の円筒形プロペラ水車装置において、
前記水の流れに関して前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管は、ほぼ同心に配置された複数のテーパー状管で構成され、それぞれの前記テーパー状管は外側に配置されるものほど大きな広がり角度を有すると共に、最も内側のテーパー状管を除く前記テーパー状管とその内側に配置されるテーパー状管との間の前記広がり角度の差は、前記水の流れに剥離を生じさせることの無い値であり、かつ前記水の流れに関して前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管の最も内側のテーパー状管の出口端に後段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の水密容器の端部が接合されるようにして前記複数台の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を連続して直列接続すること、さらにまたは、
(3)請求項2に記載の円筒形プロペラ水車装置において、前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管の最も内側のテーパー状管のランナー側端部は、内側に前記水が通流しないように該円筒形プロペラ水車装置のランナーコーンの端面と対峙する構成であることにより達成される。
【0009】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下この発明の実施の形態を図面を参照して詳細に説明する。なお以下の説明では、図5に示した従来例の円筒形プロペラ水車装置8と同一部分には同じ符号を付しその説明を省略する。図1はこの発明の実施の形態の一例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図で、(a)はその側面図であり、(b)は図1の(a)におけるP−P断面図である。図1において、1は、図4に示した従来例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置7に対し、吸出し管75に代えて吸出し管2を用いるようにした円筒形プロペラ水車装置である。また、水車装置1では水車ランナー71の出口側に吸出し管2の内側のテーパー状管21が配設されるために、ランナーコーン712の形状は従来例とは若干異なっている。
【0010】
すなわち、水車装置1のランナーコーン712はランナーベーン711の基部をカバーする役目のみを担うことになるので、テーパー状部分を持っていない。吸出し管2はこの事例の場合、ほぼ同一長さの内側のテーパー状管21と外側のテーパー状管22の2個のテーパー状管で構成され、これ等2個のテーパー状管は同心となる関係で配置され、両テーパー状管の間に水99を通流させる。テーパー状管21,22は共に、水99の下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状に形成されていることについては従来例の吸出し管75と同様である。そうして、テーパー状管21は例えば25度の広がり角度2θ21を持ち、ランナー71側の端部はランナーコーン712の端面と対峙し、出口側の端部は内側に水99が通流するのを阻止するために半球状体で塞がれている。
【0011】
テーパー状管22はケーシング73と水車出口79側の配管9との間を接続していることは従来例の吸出し管75と同様であるが、例えば50度の広がり角度2θ22を持ち、かつ、複数のステー23でテーパー状管21を支持している。この事例の場合、テーパー状管21の広がり角度2θ21は25度で、テーパー状管22の広がり角度2θ22が50度なので、テーパー状管22はテーパー状管21に対して25度の広がり角度差(テーパー状管21の広がり角度2θ21の値に等しい)を持っていることになる。したがって、両テーパー状管の間に形成される水99の流路も、25度の広がり角度を持つ。このことによって、この発明の吸出し管2では、配管9などへ直接に接続される外側のテーパー状管22の角度を従来比で2倍としながらも、吸出し管2内に通流する水99の流れに剥離を生じることは無い。
【0012】
ところで、発明者らが従来技術の吸出し管75と同様の構成を持つ吸出し管に対して実験したところでは、(1)26度程度以下の広がり角度2θを持つ吸出し管は、損失水頭が小さく,水車効率の低下が少ないこと、また、(2)50度の広がり角度2θを持つ吸出し管では、水99の流れに大きな剥離が生じて損失水頭が増大し,水車効率が低下すること、が確認されている。この実験結果を基に発明者らは、複数のテーパー状管を26度程度以下の広がり角度差を持たせて多重に組合わせた吸出し管を持つこの発明の円筒形プロペラ水車装置に到達した。すなわち、この発明の吸出し管2では吸出し管内を通流する水99の流れに剥離が生じることは無いので損失水頭を従来例の場合と同等に維持でき、しかも、テーパー状管22が大きな広がり角度(例えば2θ22)を持つことで、長さが短縮された吸出し管を得ることができる。
【0013】
図1に示すこの発明の実施の形態の一例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置1では前述の構成としたので、従来例の水車装置7と同等の流体損失を維持しながら、吸出し管2の長さ寸法L2 (L2 は図1を参照)を、水車装置7の吸出し管75(ここでは吸出し管75の広がり角度2θを25度として説明する)の長さ寸法L75に対して次記のように短縮することができる。配管9の内径をDと置くとL75−L2 は、L75−L2 =(D/2)( cot12.5度−cot25度)≒1.2Dとして求められる。すなわち、この発明の水車装置1は、前記したように吸出し管の長さ寸法L2 を従来例の水車装置7の場合に対してほぼ1/2に短縮でき、この分その全長L1 を水車装置7の全長L7 に対して短縮できる。これにより水車装置1を既設の配管9に設置する場合、その設置費用を大幅に抑制する上で好ましい減圧弁設置用スペースなどへの設置の可能性を大幅に増大できる。
【0014】
次に、図2を用いてこの発明の実施の形態の異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を説明する。図2はこの発明の実施の形態の異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図で、(a)はその側面図であり、(b)は図2の(a)におけるR−R断面図である。図2において、3は、図4に示した従来例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置7に対し、吸出し管75に代えて吸出し管4を用いるようにした円筒形プロペラ水車装置である。吸出し管4はこの事例の場合、ほぼ同一長さの内側のテーパー状管41と外側のテーパー状管42の2個のテーパー状管で構成され、これ等2個のテーパー状管は同心となる関係で配置され、両テーパー状管の間と、テーパー状管41の内側とに水99を通流させる。
【0015】
テーパー状管41,42は共に、水99の下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状に形成されていることについては従来例の吸出し管75と同様である。そうして、テーパー状管41は例えば25度の広がり角度2θ41を持つ。テーパー状管42はケーシング73と水車出口79側の配管9との間を接続していることは従来例の吸出し管75と同様であるが、例えば50度の広がり角度2θ42を持ち、かつ、複数のステー43でテーパー状管41を支持している。この事例の場合、テーパー状管41の広がり角度2θ41と、テーパー状管42の広がり角度2θ42とのこの関係は、前記した水車装置1のテーパー状管21の広がり角度2θ21と,テーパー状管22の広がり角度2θ22との関係と全く同一である。
【0016】
図2に示すこの発明の実施の形態の異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置3では前述の構成としたので、水車装置1の場合と同様に吸出し管4の長さ寸法L4 (L4 は図2を参照)を従来例の水車装置7の場合に対してほぼ1/2に短縮でき、この分その全長L3 (L3 は図2を参照)を水車装置7の全長L7 に対して短縮できる。これにより水車装置3は、既設の配管9に設置しようとする場合に、水車装置1の場合と全く同様の利点を持つ。水車装置3はこのことに加えて、テーパー状管41の内側にも水99を通流できることで、吸出し管部分の水99の平均流速を水車装置1の場合よりも低減できて、吸出し管部分の流体損失を減少できる。これにより、水車装置3は水車装置1の場合よりも水車効率の向上を図れるという特徴を持つことができる。
【0017】
最後に、図3を用いてこの発明の実施の形態のさらに異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を説明する。図3はこの発明の実施の形態のさらに異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図である。図3において5は、図5に示した従来例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置8と同様に2台の円筒形プロペラ水車装置7を直列接続した形式の水車装置であり、水車装置8に対し、前段側の水車装置本体部7Aと組み合わされる吸出し管75に代えて吸出し管6を用いるようにした円筒形プロペラ水車装置である。水車装置5では前段側の水車装置本体部7Aの水車ランナー71の出口側に吸出し管6の内側のテーパー状管61が配設されるために、ランナーコーン712の形状は水車装置1の場合と同様の構成になっている。
【0018】
吸出し管6はこの事例の場合、ほぼ同一長さの内側のテーパー状管61と外側のテーパー状管62の2個のテーパー状管で構成され、これ等2個のテーパー状管は同心となる関係で配置され、両テーパー状管の間に水99を通流させる。テーパー状管61,62は共に、水99の下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状に形成されていることについては従来例の吸出し管75と同様である。そうしてこの事例の場合、テーパー状管61は例えば25度の広がり角度2θ61を持ち、ランナー71側の端部はランナーコーン712の端面と対峙し、水99の下流側の端部は,後段側の水車装置本体部7Aの水密容器72の水99の上流側の端部部分と接合している。
【0019】
テーパー状管61の場合、内側に水99が通流するのを阻止する構成体の役目を後段側の水車装置本体部7Aの水密容器72に負わせている。テーパー状管62は前段側の水車装置本体部7Aのケーシング73と,後段側の水車装置本体部7Aのケーシング73との間を接続する。このことは、従来例の水車装置8の前段側の吸出し管75の場合と同様であるが、テーパー状管62は例えば50度の広がり角度2θ22を持ち、かつ、複数のステー63でテーパー状管61を支持している。そうしてこの事例の場合、テーパー状管61の広がり角度2θ61と,テーパー状管62の広がり角度2θ62との関係は、前記した水車装置1のテーパー状管21の広がり角度2θ21と,テーパー状管22の広がり角度2θ22との関係と全く同一である。
【0020】
図3に示すこの発明の実施の形態のさらに異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置5では前述の構成としたので、水車装置1の場合と同様に吸出し管6の長さ寸法L6 (L6 は図3を参照)を従来例の水車装置8の場合に対してほぼ1/2に短縮でき、吸出し管6の長さ寸法が短縮される分その全長L5 (L5 は図3を参照)を従来例の水車装置7の全長L7 に対して短縮できる。これにより水車装置5は、既設の配管9に設置しようとする場合に、水車装置1の場合と全く同様の利点を持つことができる。
【0021】
図3を用いた前述の説明ではこの発明による吸出し管は前段側の水車装置本体部7Aに適用するとしたが、水車装置の設置対象の必要によっては前段側の水車装置本体部7Aの吸出し管に代えて、後段側の水車装置本体部7Aの吸出し管に適用することが可能であり、また、全ての水車装置本体部7Aの吸出し管に適用することも可能である。また図3では、水車装置3に設置される水車装置本体部7Aの台数は2台であるとしたが、水車装置本体部7Aの設置台数が3台以上の場合であってもこの発明による吸出し管を適用可能である。
【0022】
前述の説明では、円筒形プロペラ水車装置1〜3は配管9の途中に設置されるとしてきたが、配管9の上流側または下流側の端末部分に設置する水車装置にも適用が可能である。また前述の説明では、内側のテーパー状管21,41,61のそれぞれの広がり角度および、前記内側のテーパー状管と外側のテーパー状管22,42,62とのそれぞれの広がり角度差は25度であるとしてきたが、水99の流れに剥離が生じないような条件(26度程度以下)であれば適宜の角度値または角度差値の適用が可能である。さらにまた、前述の説明では、円筒形プロペラ水車装置1〜3に設置される吸出し管2,4,6のそれぞれは、ほぼ同心に配置された2個のテーパー状管で構成されるとしてきたが、この発明による吸出し管を3個以上のテーパー状管で構成することも可能である。
【0023】
【発明の効果】
この発明による円筒形プロペラ水車装置では、前記課題を解決するための手段の項で述べた構成とすることで、次記する効果を得られる。
【0024】
前記課題を解決するための手段の項の第(1)項ないし第(3)項による構成とすることで、吸出し管に通流する水に剥離を発生すること無しに、したがって、流体損失を増大すること無しに吸出し管の広がり角度の増大が可能になる。このことによって、吸出し管の長さ寸法の短縮が可能になる。例えば、この発明の吸出し管の内側のテーパー状管および従来例の吸出し管の広がり角度を25度とし、この発明の吸出し管の外側のテーパー状管の内側のテーパー状管との広がり角度の差を25度とした場合に、この発明の吸出し管の長さ寸法は従来例に対してほぼ1/2に短縮できる。そうしてこの発明の水車装置は、この吸出し管の短縮の分だけその全長を短縮できて、設置費用抑制の点などで有利な減圧弁設置用スペースなどへの水車装置の設置の可能性を大幅に増大できる。
また、例えば複数台直列接続形式の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の場合の中間部に設置される吸出し管にもこの発明の吸出し管の採用が可能になり、前記の効果を持つこの発明の吸出し管の適用対象の拡大が可能になる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 この発明の実施の形態の一例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図で、(a)はその側面図、(b)は図1の(a)におけるP−P断面図
【図2】 この発明の実施の形態の異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図で、(a)はその側面図、(b)は図2の(a)におけるR−R断面図
【図3】 この発明の実施の形態のさらに異なる例による円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図
【図4】 従来の一例の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図
【図5】 従来の異なる例の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を示す構成図
【符号の説明】
3 円筒形プロペラ水車装置
4 吸出し管
41 テーパー状管
42 テーパー状管
43 ステー
73 ケーシング
79 水車出口
9 配管
99 水
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a cylindrical propeller turbine device installed in the middle of a pipe and the like, and relates to a structure of a suction pipe effective for shortening the lengthwise dimension thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In pipes such as water pipes and dam spillways, it is common practice to install a cylindrical propeller water turbine device in the middle or at the end of the pipe to recover the energy of water flowing through the pipe. An outline of a conventional example of a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus used for such applications will be described below with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a conventional cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus installed in a pipe. In FIG. 4, 9 is a pipe such as a water pipe, and water 99 (indicated by a white arrow in the figure) flows through the pipe 9. Reference numeral 7 denotes a cylindrical propeller turbine device (hereinafter sometimes abbreviated as a turbine device) installed in the middle of the pipe 9. In this case, the water turbine device 7 is a valve-type water turbine power generator, and includes a water turbine device main body 7A and a suction pipe 75. The water turbine device main body 7A is a propeller-type water turbine runner 71, a watertight container 72, and a casing 73. And a suction pipe 74 and the like.
[0003]
The water turbine runner 71 is driven by water 99, and the watertight container 72 contains a generator driven by the water turbine runner 71. The casing 73 is a cylindrical body that forms a flow path of the water 99 around the outer periphery of the watertight container 72 and the water turbine runner 71, and the water turbine inlet 78 that is the water 99 inlet of the water turbine device 7 and the water turbine device 7. A water turbine outlet 79 which is an outlet of the water 99 is connected to the pipe 9. The suction pipe 74 is disposed at the site of the water turbine inlet 78, and the suction pipe 75 is disposed at the site of the water turbine outlet 79. The turbine runner 71 is attached with a tapered runner cone 712 that covers the base of the runner vane 711 and has a smaller diameter toward the downstream of the water 99 in order to smooth the flow of the water 99 around the turbine runner 71. It has been.
[0004]
Since the internal diameter of the pipe 9 is generally determined so that the flow rate of the water 99 is 3 m / s or less, the flow rate of the water 99 at the water turbine inlet 78 and the water turbine outlet 79 is 3 m / s or less. However, in order to operate the water turbine runner 71 with high efficiency and high rotation speed, a faster flow rate of the water 99 is required. Therefore, in the water turbine device 7, the inner diameter of the casing 73 in the vicinity of the water turbine runner 71 is 1 of the inner diameter of the pipe 9. Generally, it is set to about / 2. For this reason, the outlet portion of the water turbine runner 71 is tapered so that the downstream portion of the water 99 becomes larger in diameter, and has a spread angle 2θ of about 8 to 25 degrees (see FIG. 4 for θ). A suction pipe 75 is disposed and connected to the pipe 9 after gradually reducing the flow rate as a condition that the separation of the flow of the water 99 does not occur.
[0005]
FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a conventional cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus installed in a pipe. In the following description, the same parts as those of the conventional cylindrical propeller turbine device 7 and the pipe 9 shown in FIG. Also, in the drawings used for the following description, only the representative symbols are shown as much as possible with respect to the symbols attached in FIG. In FIG. 5, reference numeral 8 designates a plurality of (two in this case) cylindrical propeller turbines 7 through the suction pipes 75 of the upstream turbine unit 7 with respect to the flow of water 99. This is a water turbine device of a plurality of series connection type to which the device 7 is connected. A valve-type water turbine power generation device or a tubular water turbine device such as the water turbine device 7 has a limit of about 20 m that can be applied due to its pressure resistance. For this reason, when a valve-type water turbine generator or a tubular water turbine device is applied to a large head exceeding 20 m, a plurality of series-connected water turbine devices such as the water turbine device 8 are used.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The above-described conventional cylindrical propeller turbines 7 and 8 are effective in recovering the energy of the water 99 flowing through the pipe 9, but the following points are pointed out as problems in recent years. Therefore, the solution is desired. That is, in the case where the water turbine devices 7 and 8 are installed in the existing pipe 9, it can be installed in a pressure reducing valve installation space or the like already provided in the pipe 9 in order to reduce the installation cost of the water turbine devices 7 and 8. To very preferable. However, since the total lengths L 7 and L 8 (see FIGS. 4 and 5 for L 7 and L 8 ) of the water turbine devices 7 and 8 are too long, the water turbine devices 7 and 8 are used for installing the pressure reducing valve of the existing pipe 9. It is often difficult to install in a space. Since the suction pipe 75 is considered so as not to cause separation in the flow of the water 99 as described above, the entire length of the single-piece member is relatively long, and the length L 75 ( L 75 ( see FIGS. 4 and 5) is approximately 2 to 3 times the inner diameter of the pipe 9. Forcibly shortening the length L 75 of the suction pipe 75 in an attempt to install the water turbine devices 7 and 8 in a pressure reducing valve installation space or the like is due to an increase in fluid loss due to separation of the water 99 flow. Therefore, there is a new problem that the amount of power recovered from the water turbine devices 7 and 8 is reduced.
[0007]
The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus that can be shortened in length without increasing fluid loss.
[0008]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In the present invention, the aforementioned object is
(1) In a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus provided with a tapered suction pipe whose diameter increases toward the downstream side of the water flow at the water outlet portion,
The suction pipe is composed of a plurality of tapered pipes arranged concentrically. Each of the tapered pipes has a larger spread angle as it is arranged on the outer side, and excludes the innermost tapered pipe. the difference of the spread angle between the tapered tube disposed tapered tube and its inside, Ri no value der of causing peeling in the flow of the water, and the innermost tapered tube, The runner side end faces the end face of the runner cone, the exit side end is closed in a hemispherical shape, and the water does not flow inside , or
(2) A plurality of cylindrical propeller turbines provided with tapered suction pipes whose diameters increase toward the downstream side of the water flow at the outlet of the water. In a cylindrical propeller turbine device of a plurality of series connection type that connects a cylindrical propeller turbine device on the rear stage side via a suction pipe of the propeller turbine device,
The suction pipe of the cylindrical propeller turbine device at the front stage with respect to the flow of water is composed of a plurality of tapered tubes arranged substantially concentrically, and each tapered tube has a larger spread angle as it is arranged on the outside. and having a difference of the spread angle between the tapered tube which is disposed most to the tapered tube except the inside of the tapered tube on the inside, without causing peeling in the flow of the water Nedea is, and the ends of the watertight container subsequent stage of the cylindrical propeller water turbine unit is joined to the innermost outlet end of the tapered tube draft tube of the front side of the cylindrical propeller water turbine unit with respect to the flow of the water In this way, the plurality of cylindrical propeller water turbine devices are continuously connected in series , or
(3) In the cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to claim 2, the runner side end of the innermost tapered pipe of the suction pipe of the front cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus is configured so that the water does not flow inside. This is achieved by having a configuration facing the end face of the runner cone of the cylindrical propeller turbine device .
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. In the following description, the same parts as those of the conventional cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus 8 shown in FIG. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 1 (a) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 1 (b) is a sectional view taken along line PP in FIG. is there. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus in which a suction pipe 2 is used in place of the suction pipe 75 in the cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus 7 according to the conventional example shown in FIG. Moreover, since the tapered tube 21 inside the suction pipe 2 is disposed on the outlet side of the water turbine runner 71 in the water turbine device 1, the shape of the runner cone 712 is slightly different from the conventional example.
[0010]
That is, the runner cone 712 of the water turbine device 1 has only a role of covering the base portion of the runner vane 711 and thus does not have a tapered portion. In this case, the suction pipe 2 is composed of two tapered pipes of an inner tapered pipe 21 and an outer tapered pipe 22 having substantially the same length, and these two tapered pipes are concentric. The water 99 is allowed to flow between both tapered tubes. Both the tapered pipes 21 and 22 are formed in a tapered shape in which the diameter becomes larger toward the downstream side of the water 99, similarly to the suction pipe 75 of the conventional example. Thus, the tapered tube 21 has a spread angle 2θ 21 of, for example, 25 degrees, the end on the runner 71 side faces the end surface of the runner cone 712, and the water 99 flows through the end on the outlet side. It is blocked with a hemispherical body to prevent this.
[0011]
The tapered pipe 22 is connected between the casing 73 and the pipe 9 on the water turbine outlet 79 side in the same manner as the suction pipe 75 of the conventional example, but has, for example, a 50 degree spread angle 2θ 22 , and The tapered tube 21 is supported by a plurality of stays 23. In this case, the spread angle 2 [Theta] 21 of the tapered tube 21 is 25 degrees, since the spread angle 2 [Theta] 22 of the tapered tube 22 is 50 degrees, the spread angle of 25 degrees with respect to the tapered tube 22 is tapered tube 21 It would have a difference (equal to the value of the spread angle 2 [Theta] 21 of the tapered tube 21). Therefore, the flow path of the water 99 formed between the two tapered tubes also has a spread angle of 25 degrees. As a result, in the suction pipe 2 of the present invention, the angle of the outer tapered pipe 22 directly connected to the pipe 9 and the like is doubled compared to the conventional one, while the water 99 flowing into the suction pipe 2 is reduced. There is no separation in the flow.
[0012]
By the way, when the inventors experimented on a suction pipe having the same configuration as the suction pipe 75 of the prior art, (1) a suction pipe having a spread angle 2θ of about 26 degrees or less has a small loss head. It is confirmed that there is little decrease in the turbine efficiency, and (2) in the suction pipe having a spread angle 2θ of 50 degrees, large separation occurs in the flow of the water 99, the loss head is increased, and the turbine efficiency is decreased. Has been. Based on the results of this experiment, the inventors have reached the cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus of the present invention having a suction pipe in which a plurality of tapered pipes are combined in combination with a spread angle difference of about 26 degrees or less. That is, in the suction pipe 2 of the present invention, the flow of the water 99 flowing through the suction pipe is not separated, so that the loss head can be maintained at the same level as in the conventional example, and the tapered pipe 22 has a large spread angle. By having (for example, 2θ 22 ), a suction pipe having a reduced length can be obtained.
[0013]
Since the cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus 1 according to the example of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 has the above-described configuration, the length dimension of the suction pipe 2 is maintained while maintaining the same fluid loss as the conventional turbine apparatus 7. L 2 (see FIG. 1 for L 2 ) is as follows with respect to the length dimension L 75 of the suction pipe 75 of the water turbine device 7 (here, the spread angle 2θ of the suction pipe 75 is assumed to be 25 degrees). Can be shortened. When the inner diameter of the pipe 9 is set to D, L 75 -L 2 is obtained as L 75 -L 2 = (D / 2) (cot 12.5 degrees−cot 25 degrees) ≈1.2D. That is, water wheel apparatus 1 of the invention, the length L 2 of the draft tube as described above can be shortened to approximately one-half for the case of water wheel apparatus 7 in the conventional example, water wheel the minute its entire length L 1 The total length L 7 of the device 7 can be shortened. Thereby, when installing the watermill apparatus 1 in the existing piping 9, the possibility of installation to the pressure reduction valve installation space etc. which are preferable in suppressing the installation cost significantly can be increased significantly.
[0014]
Next, a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a block diagram showing a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to a different example of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 (a) is a side view thereof, and FIG. 2 (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line RR in FIG. It is. In FIG. 2, reference numeral 3 denotes a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus in which the suction pipe 4 is used in place of the suction pipe 75 in the conventional cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus 7 shown in FIG. In this case, the suction pipe 4 is composed of two tapered pipes of an inner tapered pipe 41 and an outer tapered pipe 42 having substantially the same length, and these two tapered pipes are concentric. The water 99 is allowed to flow between the two tapered tubes and the inside of the tapered tube 41.
[0015]
Both the tapered pipes 41 and 42 are formed in a tapered shape having a diameter that increases toward the downstream side of the water 99, as in the conventional suction pipe 75. Thus, the tapered tube 41 has a spread angle 2θ 41 of 25 degrees, for example. The tapered pipe 42 is connected between the casing 73 and the pipe 9 on the water turbine outlet 79 side in the same manner as the suction pipe 75 of the conventional example, but has a spread angle 2θ 42 of, for example, 50 degrees, and The tapered tube 41 is supported by a plurality of stays 43. In this case, the relationship between the spread angle 2θ 41 of the tapered tube 41 and the spread angle 2θ 42 of the tapered tube 42 is such that the spread angle 2θ 21 of the tapered tube 21 of the water turbine device 1 is tapered. the relationship between the spread angle 2θ 22 of tube 22 and is exactly the same.
[0016]
Since the cylindrical propeller water turbine device 3 according to a different example of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 2 has the above-described configuration, the length L 4 of the suction pipe 4 (L 4 is the figure) as in the case of the water turbine device 1. 2) can be shortened to approximately half that of the conventional water turbine device 7, and the total length L 3 (see FIG. 2 for L 3 ) of this is compared with the total length L 7 of the water turbine device 7 . Can be shortened. As a result, the water turbine device 3 has exactly the same advantages as the water turbine device 1 when it is to be installed in the existing pipe 9. In addition to this, the water turbine device 3 can also flow the water 99 inside the tapered tube 41, so that the average flow velocity of the water 99 in the suction pipe portion can be reduced as compared with the case of the water turbine device 1, and the suction pipe portion. The fluid loss can be reduced. Thereby, the water turbine apparatus 3 can have the characteristic that the efficiency of the water turbine can be improved as compared with the case of the water turbine apparatus 1.
[0017]
Finally, a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to still another example of the embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to still another example of the embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 3, 5 is a water turbine device of a type in which two cylindrical propeller water turbine devices 7 are connected in series similarly to the conventional cylindrical propeller water turbine device 8 shown in FIG. This is a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus in which the suction pipe 6 is used in place of the suction pipe 75 combined with the side water turbine apparatus main body portion 7A. In the water turbine device 5, the tapered tube 61 inside the suction pipe 6 is disposed on the outlet side of the water turbine runner 71 of the water turbine device main body 7 </ b> A on the front stage side, so that the shape of the runner cone 712 is the same as that of the water turbine device 1. It has the same configuration.
[0018]
In this case, the suction pipe 6 is composed of two tapered pipes of an inner tapered pipe 61 and an outer tapered pipe 62 having substantially the same length, and these two tapered pipes are concentric. The water 99 is allowed to flow between both tapered tubes. Both of the tapered pipes 61 and 62 are formed in a tapered shape having a diameter that increases toward the downstream side of the water 99, similar to the suction pipe 75 of the conventional example. Thus, in this case, the tapered tube 61 has a spread angle 2θ 61 of, for example, 25 degrees, the end on the runner 71 side faces the end surface of the runner cone 712, and the end on the downstream side of the water 99 is It joins with the edge part of the upstream of the water 99 of the watertight container 72 of the water turbine apparatus main-body part 7A of a back | latter stage side.
[0019]
In the case of the tapered tube 61, the function of a structural body that prevents water 99 from flowing inside is imposed on the watertight container 72 of the water turbine device main body 7A on the rear stage side. The tapered pipe 62 connects between the casing 73 of the front-side water turbine apparatus main body 7A and the casing 73 of the rear-stage water turbine apparatus main body 7A. This is the same as the case of the suction pipe 75 on the front stage side of the conventional water turbine apparatus 8, but the tapered pipe 62 has a spread angle 2θ 22 of, for example, 50 degrees, and is tapered with a plurality of stays 63. The tube 61 is supported. Thus, in this case, the relationship between the spread angle 2θ 61 of the tapered tube 61 and the spread angle 2θ 62 of the tapered tube 62 is as follows: the spread angle 2θ 21 of the tapered tube 21 of the water turbine device 1 described above; The relationship with the expansion angle 2θ 22 of the tapered tube 22 is exactly the same.
[0020]
Since the cylindrical propeller water turbine device 5 according to still another example of the embodiment of the present invention shown in FIG. 3 has the above-described configuration, the length dimension L 6 (L 6 of the suction pipe 6 is the same as that of the water turbine device 1). 3) can be shortened to almost half that of the conventional water turbine apparatus 8, and the length L 5 of the suction pipe 6 is shortened (see FIG. 3 for L 5 ). Can be shortened with respect to the total length L 7 of the conventional water turbine device 7. As a result, the water turbine device 5 can have exactly the same advantages as the water turbine device 1 when it is to be installed in the existing pipe 9.
[0021]
In the above description using FIG. 3, the suction pipe according to the present invention is applied to the water turbine apparatus main body 7A on the front stage side. However, depending on the necessity of the installation target of the water turbine apparatus, the suction pipe of the water turbine apparatus main body section 7A on the front stage side may be used. Instead, it can be applied to the suction pipes of the rear turbine wheel main body 7A, and can also be applied to the suction pipes of all the water turbine main bodies 7A. In FIG. 3, the number of the water turbine apparatus main body portions 7A installed in the water turbine apparatus 3 is two. However, even if the number of installed water turbine apparatus main body portions 7A is three or more, the suction according to the present invention is used. A tube is applicable.
[0022]
In the above description, the cylindrical propeller water turbine devices 1 to 3 have been installed in the middle of the pipe 9, but the present invention can also be applied to a water turbine device installed at a terminal portion on the upstream side or the downstream side of the pipe 9. In the above description, the spread angles of the inner tapered tubes 21, 41, 61 and the spread angle difference between the inner tapered tube and the outer tapered tubes 22, 42, 62 are 25 degrees. However, an appropriate angle value or angle difference value can be applied as long as it does not cause separation in the flow of water 99 (about 26 degrees or less). Furthermore, in the above description, each of the suction pipes 2, 4 and 6 installed in the cylindrical propeller turbines 1 to 3 is assumed to be composed of two tapered pipes arranged substantially concentrically. The suction pipe according to the present invention can be composed of three or more tapered pipes.
[0023]
【The invention's effect】
In the cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to the present invention, the following effects can be obtained by adopting the configuration described in the section of means for solving the problems.
[0024]
By adopting the constitution according to the items (1) to (3) of the means for solving the problems, the water flowing through the suction pipe does not cause separation, and therefore, the fluid loss is reduced. The spread angle of the suction pipe can be increased without increasing. This makes it possible to reduce the length of the suction pipe. For example, the spread angle of the tapered tube inside the suction tube of the present invention and the suction tube of the conventional example is 25 degrees, and the difference in spread angle between the tapered tube outside the suction tube of the present invention and the tapered tube inside When the angle is 25 degrees, the length of the suction pipe of the present invention can be shortened to about ½ that of the conventional example. Thus, the water turbine device of the present invention can be shortened in length by the shortening of the suction pipe, and the possibility of installing the water turbine device in a space for installing a pressure reducing valve, which is advantageous in terms of reducing installation costs, etc. Can increase significantly.
In addition, for example, the suction pipe of the present invention can be adopted for the suction pipe installed in the middle part in the case of a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus of a series connection type, and the suction pipe of the present invention having the above-described effect can be employed. The scope of application can be expanded.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a configuration diagram showing a cylindrical propeller water turbine device according to an example of an embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a side view thereof, and (b) is a sectional view taken along line PP in FIG. 1 (a). 2 is a configuration diagram showing a cylindrical propeller water turbine device according to another example of the embodiment of the present invention, in which (a) is a side view thereof, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line RR in FIG. 2 (a). FIG. 4 is a block diagram showing a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to a further example of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 5 is a block diagram showing a cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to a conventional example. FIG. Schematic diagram showing a water turbine device [Explanation of symbols]
3 Cylindrical Propeller Turbine Device 4 Suction Pipe 41 Tapered Pipe 42 Tapered Pipe 43 Stay 73 Casing 79 Turbine Outlet 9 Piping 99 Water

Claims (3)

水の出口部分に前記水の流れの下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状の吸出し管を備えた円筒形プロペラ水車装置において、
前記吸出し管は多重に同心配置された複数のテーパー状管で構成され、それぞれの前記テーパー状管は、外側に配置されるものほど大きな広がり角度を有すると共に、最も内側のテーパー状管を除く前記テーパー状管とその内側に配置されるテーパー状管との間の前記広がり角度の差は、前記水の流れに剥離を生じさせることの無い値であり、かつ最も内側のテーパー状管は、ランナー側端部がランナーコーンの端面と対峙し、出口側端部が半球状に塞がれ、内側に前記水が通流しないように構成することを特徴とする円筒形プロペラ水車装置。
In the cylindrical propeller water turbine device provided with a tapered suction pipe whose diameter increases toward the downstream portion of the water flow at the water outlet portion,
The suction pipe is composed of a plurality of tapered pipes arranged concentrically. Each of the tapered pipes has a larger spread angle as it is arranged on the outer side, and excludes the innermost tapered pipe. The difference in the spread angle between the tapered tube and the tapered tube disposed inside thereof is a value that does not cause separation of the water flow, and the innermost tapered tube is a runner. A cylindrical propeller water turbine device, characterized in that the side end faces the end surface of the runner cone, the outlet side end is closed in a hemispherical shape, and the water does not flow inside.
水の出口部分に前記水の流れの下流になる部位ほど径が大きくなるテーパー状の吸出し管を備えた複数台の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を、前記水の流れに関して前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管を介して後段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を接続する複数台直列接続形式の円筒形プロペラ水車装置において、
前記水の流れに関して前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管は、ほぼ同心に配置された複数のテーパー状管で構成され、それぞれの前記テーパー状管は外側に配置されるものほど大きな広がり角度を有すると共に、最も内側のテーパー状管を除く前記テーパー状管とその内側に配置されるテーパー状管との間の前記広がり角度の差は、前記水の流れに剥離を生じさせることの無い値であり、かつ前記水の流れに関して前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管の最も内側のテーパー状管の出口端に後段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の水密容器の端部が接合されるようにして前記複数台の円筒形プロペラ水車装置を連続して直列接続することを特徴とする円筒形プロペラ水車装置。
A plurality of cylindrical propeller turbines equipped with tapered suction pipes whose diameters increase toward the downstream side of the water flow at the outlet of the water. In a cylindrical propeller turbine device of a series connection type, in which a cylindrical propeller turbine device on the rear stage side is connected through a suction pipe of
The suction pipe of the cylindrical propeller turbine device at the front stage with respect to the flow of water is composed of a plurality of tapered tubes arranged substantially concentrically, and each tapered tube has a larger spread angle as it is arranged on the outside. And the difference in the spread angle between the tapered tube excluding the innermost tapered tube and the tapered tube disposed therein is a value that does not cause separation in the water flow. And the end of the watertight container of the rear cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus is joined to the outlet end of the innermost tapered pipe of the suction pipe of the upstream cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus with respect to the flow of water. The cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus is characterized in that the plurality of cylindrical propeller turbine apparatuses are continuously connected in series.
請求項2に記載の円筒形プロペラ水車装置において、前段側の円筒形プロペラ水車装置の吸出し管の最も内側のテーパー状管のランナー側端部は、内側に前記水が通流しないように該円筒形プロペラ水車装置のランナーコーンの端面と対峙する構成であることを特徴とする円筒形プロペラ水車装置。  3. The cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus according to claim 2, wherein the runner side end of the innermost tapered pipe of the suction pipe of the front cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus is arranged so that the water does not flow inside. A cylindrical propeller turbine apparatus, characterized in that it is configured to face the end face of the runner cone of the propeller turbine apparatus.
JP2002226252A 2002-08-02 2002-08-02 Cylindrical propeller turbine equipment Expired - Fee Related JP4183169B2 (en)

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