JP4191730B2 - Electrode pair and communication system - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to an electrode pair and a communication system that reduce the possibility that human body communication performed by propagating an electric field through a human body will be unexpectedly started.

In recent years, research on human body communication that propagates an electric field through the human body has been conducted as an alternative to wireless communication that propagates radio waves in the air, and the research is now in the stage of practical application (Refer nonpatent literature 1).
RedTacton, [October 3, 2005 search], Internet <URL: http://www.redtacton.com/info/index.html>

  In human body communication performed by propagating an electric field through a human body, for example, communication is started by getting on or stepping on an electrode (conductor, hereinafter the same) on a floor or touching an electrode on a desk. The specific operation will be described below.

  In FIG. 5A, the first communication device 1 has a waveform corresponding to information for searching for a partner between a ground such as a floor and the first electrode P1 disposed on the insulator IS1 thereon. And an electric field corresponding thereto is generated from the first electrode P1 toward the ground. As shown in FIG. 5 (b), when a person intentionally rides on or steps on the first electrode P1, a part of the electric field passes through the human body having a property close to a conductor in the second communication device 2 on the human body. The second communication device 2 detects the information by this electric field, and communication is thereby started. That is, a communication path including the human body is formed, and communication there is started.

  Specifically, an electric field is induced from the electrode 21 to the electrode 22 through the human body, and an electric field is induced from the electrode 22 to the ground. Thereby, since a voltage is generated between the electrode 21 and the electrode 22, the second communication device 2 detects the waveform of this voltage as information, and communication is thereby started.

  However, since the first electrode P1 in the state of FIG. 5A generates an electric field in a direction other than the direction toward the ground (directly below), as shown in FIG. 5C, the human body forms the first electrode P1. An electric field directed from the first electrode P <b> 1 toward the human body is induced only by approaching without contact. As a result, an electric field is also induced from the electrode 21 to the electrode 22, and as a result, human body communication may start unexpectedly.

  Similarly, in FIG. 6 (a), the first communication device 1 searches for a partner between a ground such as a floor and the first electrode P1 disposed on the insulator IS1 thereon. A voltage having a waveform corresponding to is applied, and an electric field corresponding to the voltage is generated from the first electrode P1 toward the ground. As shown in FIG. 6B, when a person intentionally touches the first electrode P1, a part of the electric field induced on the ground is passed through the human body into the second communication device 2 on the human body. The second communication device 2 detects the information by this electric field, and communication is thereby started.

  However, since the first electrode P1 in the state of FIG. 6A generates an electric field in a direction other than the direction toward the ground (directly below), as shown in FIG. 6C, the human body forms the first electrode P1. Just by approaching, an electric field directed to the human body from the first electrode P1 is induced, and as a result, human body communication may be unexpectedly started as in the case of FIG.

  The start of communication without getting on or touching the first electrode P1 not only impairs the characteristics of human body communication composing the communication path by such operation, but also leaks information in the communication device. This can lead to potential security penalties.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and its object is to reduce the possibility that human body communication performed by propagating an electric field through the human body will be unexpectedly started. is there.

In order to solve the above problems, the present invention of claim 1 is directed to a medium in which a part of an electric field induced between the first electrode and the second electrode respectively connected to the first communication device is passed through the medium. An electrode pair comprising a first electrode and a second electrode when detected by a second communication device arranged above and communication is started, the second electrode being spaced apart from and opposed to the first electrode; An electrode pair is connected to the earth ground by wiring, and the electrode pair and the earth ground are separated by an insulator disposed on the second electrode side .

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided the electrode pair according to the first aspect, wherein the outer shape when the first electrode is viewed in plan is composed only of a curve.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided the electrode pair according to the first or second aspect, wherein the second electrode surrounds the first electrode.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the first electrode and the second electrode are separated from each other via an insulator, and the electrode pair according to any one of the first to third aspects is used as the solving means. .

The present invention of claim 5 includes a first electrode, spaced apart on the first electrode and a second electrode connected by wire to the opposite vital earth ground, and the second electrode and the earth ground insulator a first communication device are spaced apart via a third electrode, a second communication device having a fourth electrode spaced and and facing the third electrode comprises a first communication device is first An electric field is induced between the electrode and the second electrode, and a part of the electric field is transmitted through the medium, thereby inducing an electric field from the third electrode arranged on the medium to the fourth electrode. An electric field from the electrode to the earth ground is induced, and the second communication device detects a voltage generated between the third electrode and the fourth electrode .

  According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the communication system according to the fifth aspect, wherein the outer shape when the first electrode is viewed in plan is composed only of a curve.

  According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the communication system according to the fifth or sixth aspect, wherein the second electrode surrounds the first electrode.

The present invention of claim 8 is characterized in that the first electrode and the second electrode are separated by an insulator, and the communication system according to any one of claims 5 to 7 is used as a solution means. .

  According to the present invention, an electric field is hardly generated except between the first electrode and the second electrode, and therefore, the possibility that human body communication is started unexpectedly can be reduced.

  Hereinafter, electrode pairs and communication systems according to embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

[First Embodiment]
Fig.1 (a) is a figure which shows a mode that the electrode pair which concerns on 1st Embodiment is arrange | positioned on the floor which comprises earth ground, FIG.1 (b) is a electrode pair of Fig.1 (a). FIG. 1C is a diagram illustrating a state in which a person gets on the electrodes constituting the electrode pair in FIG. 1A. FIG. 2A is a perspective view of the electrode pair according to the first embodiment, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view of the electrode pair according to the second embodiment.

  FIG. 1A to FIG. 1C show a cross section of a floor constituting a ground and a pair of electrodes disposed on the floor. An insulator IS1 is disposed on the floor, and a plate-like second electrode P2 is disposed thereon. Furthermore, the insulator IS2 is disposed on the second electrode P2, and the plate-like first electrode P1 is disposed thereon. Thereby, the second electrode P2 is spaced apart from and opposed to the first electrode P1. That is, the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 constitute a so-called parallel plate type capacitor.

  The first communication device 1 is connected to the earth ground, and the second electrode P2 is connected to the earth ground by a wiring provided between the first communication device 1 and the connection position of the earth ground. The output node of the first communication device 1 is connected to the first electrode P1 by wiring.

  The second communication device 2 is disposed on the human body. The second communication device 2 includes an electrode 21 disposed on the human body and an electrode 22 facing the electrode 21, and detects information by a voltage between the electrodes 21 and 22.

  As shown to Fig.2 (a), in the 1st electrode P1 in 1st Example, the external shape when it planarly views it is a rectangular shape. The same applies to the second electrode P2 and each insulator, and each electrode and each insulator are overlapped in accordance with the outer shape.

  As shown in FIG.2 (b), in the 1st electrode P1 in 2nd Example, the external shape when it planarly views it is comprised only with the curve. Here, the outer shape when the first electrode P1 is viewed in plan is a circular shape. The same applies to the second electrode P2 and each insulator, and each electrode and each insulator are overlapped in accordance with the outer shape. The outer shape of the first electrode P1 in the second embodiment when viewed in plan may be an elliptical shape.

  In 1st Embodiment, as shown to Fig.1 (a), the 1st communication apparatus 1 sets the voltage of the waveform according to the information for searching the other party between the 1st electrode P1 and the 2nd electrode P2. Apply. As a result, an electric field is induced between the electrodes. At this time, since an electric field is hardly generated except between the electrodes, communication with the second communication device 2 on the human body starts unexpectedly even when a person approaches as shown in FIG. There is little to be done. That is, an electric field directed to the human body from the first electrode P1 is induced, and the second communication device 2 on the human body detects the information by this electric field, thereby starting communication (a communication path is formed) This possibility can be almost eliminated.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1C, when a person intentionally rides on (or steps on) the first electrode P1, a part of the electric field induced between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2 causes the human body to move. Is induced in the second communication device 2 on the human body through the electric field, and the second communication device 2 detects the information by this electric field, thereby starting communication.

  Specifically, an electric field is induced from the electrode 21 to the electrode 22 through the human body, and an electric field is induced from the electrode 22 to the ground. Thereby, since a voltage is generated between the electrode 21 and the electrode 22, the second communication device 2 detects the waveform of this voltage as information, and communication is thereby started.

  In the first embodiment shown in FIG. 2A, the four corners on the upper surface of the first electrode P1 act as antennas, and an electric field is generated outside the electrodes, and as a result, communication starts unexpectedly. Therefore, the first electrode P1 is preferably the first electrode P1 according to the second embodiment shown in FIG. 2B. That is, it is preferable that the outer shape when the first electrode P1 is viewed in plan is configured by only a curve.

  FIG. 3A is a diagram showing a state where a desk or the like on the ground is an insulator IS1, and FIG. 3B is a diagram illustrating a case where a person puts a hand on the first electrode P1 in FIG. FIG. 3C is a diagram showing a state in which a hand touches the first electrode P1 in FIG. 3A, and even in such a case, the first electrode is shown. Since there is almost no electric field except between P1 and the second electrode P2, it is possible to further reduce the possibility that human body communication is started unexpectedly (a communication path is formed).

[Second Embodiment]
The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the configuration of the electrode pair and the insulator, and the usage pattern is the same. Therefore, the same reference numerals are used and reference is made to FIG.

  FIG. 4A is a perspective view of an electrode pair according to the second embodiment, and FIG. 4B is an exploded view of the electrode pair.

  The insulator IS1 in FIGS. 4A and 4B is a part of the insulator IS1 on the floor shown in FIG. 1A or the like, or a part of the insulator IS1 such as a desk shown in FIG. 3A. is there. In the second embodiment, a box-shaped second electrode P2 having an open top is disposed on the insulator IS1. Further, a similar box-shaped insulator IS2 is disposed so as to be embedded inside the second electrode P2, and a plate-shaped first electrode P1 is disposed so as to be embedded inside thereof. As a result, the second electrode P2 surrounds the first electrode P1.

  In the second embodiment, as in FIG. 1A and FIG. 3A, the first communication device 1 responds to information for searching for a partner between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2. Apply the waveform voltage. As a result, an electric field is induced between the electrodes. At this time, since an electric field is hardly generated except between the electrodes, as in FIG. 1B and FIG. 3B, even when a person or hand approaches, the second communication device 2 on the human body is connected. Communication is rarely initiated unexpectedly. That is, a part of the electric field is induced in the second communication device 2 on the human body via the human body, and the second communication device 2 detects the information by this electric field, thereby starting communication (the communication path is The possibility of being formed) can be almost eliminated.

  On the other hand, as in FIG. 1C and FIG. 3C, when a person intentionally gets on, steps on, or touches the first electrode P1, it is induced between the first electrode P1 and the second electrode P2. A part of the generated electric field is induced in the second communication device 2 through the human body, and the second communication device 2 detects the information by this electric field, thereby starting communication.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4A and the like, even if the outer shape of the first electrode P1 when viewed in plan is a rectangular shape, the second electrode P2 is the first electrode P1. Since four corners on the upper surface of the first electrode P1 are less likely to function as an antenna. Therefore, it is possible to further reduce the possibility that the human body communication is unexpectedly started (a communication path is formed).

  In these embodiments, the case where the electrode pair is arranged on the earth ground is shown. However, the electrode pair of the present invention is, for example, a case where the electrode pair is arranged on a vertical plane (wall surface or the like) connected to the earth ground. Even so, it is needless to say that the same effect can be obtained.

  In these embodiments, the human body is used as an electric field medium, but another living organism (such as an animal) or a dielectric may be used as an electric field medium.

It is a figure which shows the utilization form of the electrode pair which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the electrode pair which concerns on 1st Example and 2nd Example. It is a figure which shows the other utilization form of the electrode pair which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a perspective view of the electrode pair which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the electrode used for human body communication, and a utilization form. It is a figure which shows the electrode used for human body communication, and another utilization form.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 1st communication apparatus 2 2nd communication apparatus 21, 22 Electrode IS1, IS2 Insulator P1 1st electrode P2 2nd electrode

Claims (8)

A part of the electric field induced between the first electrode and the second electrode respectively connected to the first communication device is detected by the second communication device arranged on the medium via the medium, and communication is started. An electrode pair comprising a first electrode and a second electrode when
The second electrode is spaced to the first electrode and is connected by wire to the opposite vital earth ground,
The electrode pair and the ground ground are separated from each other via an insulator disposed on the second electrode side .   The electrode pair according to claim 1, wherein an outer shape of the first electrode in plan view is configured only by a curve.   3. The electrode pair according to claim 1, wherein the second electrode surrounds the first electrode. Wherein the first electrode and the second electrode, the electrode pair according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that spaced apart via an insulator. A first electrode, a second electrode connected by spaced to the first electrode and wiring on the counter vital earth ground, said second electrode and the earth ground and are spaced through an insulator A first communication device;
A second communication device having a third electrode and a fourth electrode spaced apart and opposed to the third electrode;
From the third electrode disposed on the medium, the first communication device induces an electric field between the first electrode and the second electrode, and a part of the electric field is transmitted through the medium. An electric field to the fourth electrode is induced, and an electric field from the fourth electrode to the ground is induced, and the second communication device detects a voltage generated between the third electrode and the fourth electrode. communication system, characterized in that.   6. The communication system according to claim 5, wherein the outer shape of the first electrode in plan view is configured only by a curve.   The communication system according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the second electrode surrounds the first electrode. Wherein the first electrode and the second electrode, a communication system according to any one of claims 5 to 7, characterized in that spaced apart via an insulator.

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