JP4194955B2 - Fiber board manufacturing method, thermoplastic resin fiber cutting device - Google Patents

Description

  The present invention relates to a fiber board manufacturing method and a thermoplastic resin fiber cutting device.

A fiber board manufactured from vegetable fiber and thermoplastic resin fiber is conventionally known. For example, a fiber board described in Patent Document 1 is known.
The fiber board according to Patent Document 1 is formed by opening and mixing plant fibers and thermoplastic resin fibers (opening treatment), heating them, and then cold-pressing them.

And the above-mentioned thermoplastic resin fiber was conventionally manufactured with the manufacturing apparatus shown in FIG. That is, as shown in FIG. 1, first, raw material pellets P of thermoplastic resin are put into the hopper 10. These are crystallized by the crystallization apparatus 11 and subjected to hydrolysis prevention treatment by the chip dryer 12. Next, the thermoplastic resin is melted by the extruder 13 and is made into a fiber by the spinning machine 15. Thus, tow (a thermoplastic resin fiber not subjected to stretching / crimping treatment) was formed.
Then, as shown in FIG. 6, the tow was washed with hot water and stretched by the stretching machine 71 (stretching treatment). Then, the thermoplastic resin fibers are crimped by the crimper 72, dried by the dryer 73, and cut to a fixed size by a cutting device 74 (for example, a cutting device according to Patent Document 2). These were packed into a bale by a compression packing machine 75.
The reason why the tow is stretched is that the crystal orientation of the thermoplastic resin fiber is insufficient and the tensile strength is weak in the state where it is just spun. And by extending | stretching, it is for making orientation sufficient and strengthening tensile strength.
JP 2002-371455 A JP-A-5-279925

However, the thermoplastic resin fiber used for the fiber board is melted by heat treatment. Therefore, the thermoplastic resin fiber did not need to have particularly high tensile strength.
Then, this invention makes it a subject to provide the manufacturing method of the fiber board which can reduce the number of manufacturing processes by omitting the extending | stretching process etc. which were conventionally required. Alternatively, it is an object to provide a thermoplastic resin fiber cutting device suitable for the manufacturing method.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is a fiber board manufacturing method or a thermoplastic resin fiber cutting device having the structure described in each claim .

According to the cutting device of the thermoplastic resin fiber according to claim 1, the cutting device includes the following configuration in order to cut the thermoplastic resin fibers that do not stretch-crimped.
In other words, the cutting device includes a rotating body that winds up the thermoplastic resin fiber, and a pressing unit that pushes the thermoplastic resin fiber wound along the outer periphery of the rotating body from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body axis. Have The rotating body has an upper plate portion, a lower plate portion, and a plurality of cutting blades erected between the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion, and the plurality of cutting blades extend radially from the center of the rotating body axis toward the outer peripheral side. And it has a blade edge | tip part at the outer peripheral side front end. And it is the structure by which a thermoplastic resin fiber is wound up in the blade tip part outer periphery outer side position. An opening is formed in the lower plate portion. Further, the pushing means cuts the thermoplastic resin fiber with a cutting blade by pushing the thermoplastic resin fiber wound around the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body in a state where the rotation of the rotating body is stopped , and the cutting thermoplastic resin fibers is in the configuration that will be discharged from the rotating body through an opening formed as and the lower plate portion between the cutting blade.

Therefore, the cutting device winds up the thermoplastic resin fiber by the rotating body. Then, the rotation of the rotating body is stopped, and the thermoplastic resin fibers are pushed from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body by the pushing means. And it is the structure which cuts a thermoplastic resin fiber with the cutting blade provided in the rotary body.
By the way, the conventional cutting device of thermoplastic resin fiber had the structure which concerns on patent document 2, for example. The cutting device according to Patent Literature 2 includes a rotating body that winds up the thermoplastic resin fiber, and a pressure rotor that always pushes the thermoplastic resin fiber wound along the outer periphery of the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body axis. It was. Each of the rotating body and the pressure rotor was rotated, and the thermoplastic resin fibers were cut by a cutting blade provided on the rotating body. For this reason, the thermoplastic resin fibers are always subjected to tension by the rotating body and the pressure rotor, and are particularly subjected to large tensions during cutting.
However, the object to be cut in the present invention is a thermoplastic resin fiber that has not been subjected to stretching / crimping and has a low tensile strength. Therefore, when cutting with a conventional cutting device is attempted, the cutting object is cut at a position different from the cutting blade, and cannot be cut to a predetermined length.

On the other hand, the cutting device according to the present invention has pushing means for pushing the thermoplastic resin fiber wound up by the rotating body from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body axis. Moreover, the pushing means is configured to push the thermoplastic resin fiber in a state where the rotation of the rotating body is stopped.
Therefore, the cutting device according to the present invention has a configuration in which it is difficult to apply tension to the thermoplastic fiber compared to the conventional cutting device. In particular, the structure is such that tension is hardly applied during cutting. Thus, the thermoplastic resin fibers not subjected to stretching / crimping treatment are prevented from being cut at a position different from the cutting blade, and can be reliably cut to a predetermined length by the cutting blade.

According to the invention described in claim 2 , by using the cutting apparatus described in claim 1 , the thermoplastic resin fibers not subjected to the drawing / crimping process are cut into a predetermined length. Then, the cut thermoplastic resin fiber and the vegetable fiber are mixed, and the fiber board is manufactured by subjecting them to heat treatment and press treatment.
That is, the thermoplastic resin fiber is used as a raw material for the fiber board in a state where it has not been subjected to drawing / crimping treatment (still in a tow state). Therefore, the drawing / crimping treatment of the thermoplastic resin fiber becomes unnecessary. Thus, the number of thermoplastic resin fiber manufacturing steps and the number of fiber board manufacturing steps are reduced.

The embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS.
First, a method for producing tow, which is a thermoplastic resin fiber that has not been stretched or crimped, will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, raw material pellets P of thermoplastic resin are put into the hopper 10 (FIG. 4, step S10). These are crystallized by the crystallizer 11 (FIG. 4, step S11). The set temperature in the crystallization apparatus 11 is 110 ° C. The crystallization device 11 is provided with a stirring device for preventing blocking.
Next, a hydrolysis preventing process is performed by the chip dryer 12 (FIG. 4, step S12). The set drying temperature in the chip dryer 12 is 110 ° C to 140 ° C.

Subsequently, the thermoplastic resin is melted by the extruder 13 to bring the raw material into a fluid state. And the raw material is extruded toward the filter 14 (FIG. 4, step S13). The raw material impurities are removed by the filter 14.
Next, the raw material is continuously discharged by the spinning machine 15 in a state of a predetermined diameter, and is sequentially cooled and solidified. Thus, the thermoplastic resin is formed into a fiber (FIG. 4, step S14).
Then, the fibrous thermoplastic resin is taken up by the take-up machine 16, and the thermoplastic resin fibers are continuously spun by the spinning machine 15. Then, the thermoplastic resin fibers are collected in the pan 17.
As described above, tow T (a thermoplastic resin fiber not subjected to stretching / crimping treatment) is produced.

Next, the cutting device 2 (rotary cutter) that cuts the tow T into a predetermined length will be described.
As shown in FIG. 2, the cutting device 2 includes a guide roller 3 that guides the tow T, and a rotating body 4 that winds the tow T guided by the guide roller 3. And it has the clamp means 7 which clamps the front-end | tip of the tow | toe T, and the some pushing means 6 which pushes the tow | toe T from the outer peripheral side of the rotary body 4 to the rotary body axis | shaft center side.

The rotating body 4 has an upper plate portion 40 and a lower plate portion 42 as shown in FIG. A plurality of cutting blades 41 are provided between the upper plate portion 40 and the lower plate portion 42, and a rotary shaft portion 43 is provided at the rotary body axis center C.
The upper plate portion 40 has a disc shape and is attached in a state where the rotation shaft portion 43 is penetrated through the center portion. The lower plate portion 42 has a donut shape, and an opening portion 42a formed in a substantially circular hole shape is formed in the center portion.
The cutting blade 41 is attached in a state of being erected in the thickness direction between the upper plate portion 40 and the lower plate portion 42. As shown in FIG. 2, the plurality of cutting blades 41 extend radially from the rotating body axis center C side toward the outer peripheral side, and the plurality of cutting blades 41 have a predetermined pitch width in the circumferential direction. Located at regular intervals. And the cutting blade 41 has the blade edge | tip part 41a in the outer peripheral side front-end | tip. Thus, the rotating body 4 has a substantially cylindrical shape and a water wheel shape.

Further, a motor 5 is provided at a position above the rotary shaft 43 as shown in FIG. Then, torque is applied to the rotating shaft portion 43 by the motor 5, and the rotating body 4 rotates to the rotating body axis C.
The clamp means 7 is configured to grip the tip of the tow T as shown in FIG. The clamping means 7 is attached to the rotating body 4 side. Therefore, the tip of the tow T is gripped by the clamping means 7 and the rotating body 4 is rotated, so that the tow T is wound along the outer periphery of the rotating body 4.

The pushing means 6 has a cylinder 60 and a pusher 61 as shown in FIG.
The cylinder 60 reciprocates linearly the pusher 61 using, for example, hydraulic pressure or atmospheric pressure.
The pusher 61 moves forward and backward so as to approach and separate from the rotating body 4 by the cylinder 60. And it advances from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body 4 to the rotating body axis center side and enters between the cutting blades 41.
The cutting device 2 is configured as described above.

Hereinafter, a method for cutting the tow T by the cutting device 2 will be described.
First, the tow T is guided to the rotating body 4 side by the guide roller 3 (see FIG. 2). Next, the tip of the tow T is gripped by the clamping means 7. Then, the rotating body 4 is rotated by the motor 5. Thereby, the tow T is wound up along the outer periphery of the rotating body 4. The wound tow T is disposed at a position above the cutting edge 41a of the cutting blade 41 as shown in FIG.
Then, the tow T is wound around the outer periphery of the rotating body 4 for about 1 to 10 turns, and then the rotation of the rotating body 4 is stopped.

Then, in a state where the rotation of the rotating body 4 is stopped, the pusher 61 is advanced from the outside of the rotating body 4 toward the center of the rotating body axis (see FIG. 2). As a result, the tow T is pushed by the pusher 61 from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body 4 toward the rotating body axis. A part of the tow T is pressed against the cutting edge portion (41a) of the cutting blade 41, and the tow T is cut at that position.
As shown in FIG. 3, the cut tow T is pushed toward the rotating body axis center C by the pusher 61 that has advanced between the upper plate portion 40 and the lower plate portion 42. The tows T that have reached the opening 42 a fall from the opening 42 a toward the pan 8 and are collected in the pan 8.
The cutting process of tow T is performed as described above (FIG. 4, step S15), and the process is repeated.
And the tow | toe T put together on the bread | pan 8 is compressed with a compression packaging machine, and it is set to a lump state (bale) (FIG. 4, step S16).

Next, the manufacturing method of a fiber board is demonstrated according to FIG.
First, a tow T and a plant fiber that are in a solid state are prepared (step S20). These are opened and blended (step S21). And after heating these (heating process), it cold-presses (press process) (step S22). Thus, a fiber board is formed.
The heating temperature is a temperature at which the tow T is sufficiently melted, and is, for example, 180 to 260 ° C. Therefore, the tow T cools and hardens in a state that does not retain the form of the fibers, and becomes a binder between the plant fibers.
The fiber board molded as described above is often used as a secondary material. For example, by being heated and pressed, it is processed into a hard board shape of a base material for automobile door trim.

"Plant fiber" includes non-wood fibers made from kenaf, palm, palm, sisal, manila, hemp, hemp, walla, bagasse, etc., wood fibers made from conifers, hardwoods, etc. Chemical pulp, semi-chemical pulp, recycled pulp thereof, and various artificial cellulose fibers synthesized using these pulps as raw materials are widely included.
“Thermoplastic resin fiber” is a fiber that becomes soft when heated and has plasticity (a property that deforms in response to stress), and is preferably polypropylene (PP), polylactic acid (PLA), polyethylene terephthalate (PET), or the like. It is the fiber which uses as a raw material.

  The diameter of the “tow” fiber is 4 to 18 dtex, preferably a diameter larger than the fiber diameter 6 dtex of general tow. For example, it is preferably 7 to 8 dtex. The toe T is prevented from being cut at a position different from that of the cutting blade 41 by using a thick diameter. Thus, the tow T can be reliably cut to a predetermined length by the cutting blade 41.

And it is preferable that the length at the time of cut | disconnecting "tow" is substantially the same length as the length of the vegetable fiber at the time of cotton blending. By making the length the same, the tow and the plant fiber are easily entangled, and the dispersibility of the tow at the time of blending becomes high.
In addition, in order to make the length of the tow at the time of cotton blending and the length of the plant fiber almost the same length, the length of the tow at the time of cutting by the cutting device 2 is made 20 to 50 mm longer than the plant fiber. It is preferable, for example, to be 50 to 100 mm. This is because tow has a weak tensile tension and is easier to cut than plant fibers during blending.

The cutting device 2 is configured as described above, and the fiber board is manufactured.
That is, the thermoplastic resin fiber is used as a raw material for the fiber board in a state in which it has not been subjected to drawing / crimping treatment (in the state of tow T).
Therefore, the drawing / crimping treatment of the thermoplastic resin fiber becomes unnecessary. And the manufacturing process number of a thermoplastic resin fiber and the manufacturing process number of a fiber board decrease.

Moreover, the cutting device 2 has pushing means 6 that pushes the tow T wound up by the rotating body 4 from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body 4 toward the center of the rotating body axis as shown in FIG. Moreover, the pushing means 6 is configured to push the toe T in a state where the rotation of the rotating body 4 is stopped.
Therefore, the cutting device 2 has a configuration in which tension is not easily applied to the thermoplastic resin fiber (tow T) as compared with a conventional cutting device (for example, a cutting device according to Patent Document 2). In particular, the structure is such that tension is hardly applied during cutting.
Thus, the tow T is prevented from being cut at a position different from that of the cutting blade 41, and can be reliably cut to a predetermined length by the cutting blade 41.

Moreover, the cutting device 2 has the some cutting blade 41 at equal intervals, as shown in FIG. Thereby, the tow T can be cut by a predetermined length. Further, the pitch width between the cutting blades 41 can be changed, and the length of the tow T after cutting can be easily changed.
The cutting device 2 has a plurality of pushing means 6 at equal intervals, and each pushing means 6 is located between the cutting blades 41. The tow T can be pushed by the pushing means 6 while being wound around the rotating body 4 a plurality of times. Thus, a large amount can be cut at a time.

(Other embodiments)
The present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and may be the following form.
(1) That is, in the above embodiment, the tow was cut by the cutting device 2 shown in FIGS. However, the tow may be cut by another device or method. For example, it may be cut by a guillotine method.
(2) Further, the heat treatment and the press treatment according to the above-described embodiment are methods of sequentially treating them separately. However, a method of performing both treatments at once, for example, a treatment method of cooling using a heating press may be used.
(3) Moreover, in said embodiment, the compression packing process shown in FIG. 4 was performed. However, the compression packing process can be omitted.

It is the schematic of the manufacturing apparatus for manufacturing tow from a raw material pellet. It is a top view of a cutting device. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. 2. It is a manufacturing-process figure which manufactures tow from a raw material pellet. It is a manufacturing-process figure which manufactures a fiber board from a vegetable fiber and a tow. It is the conventional manufacturing apparatus, Comprising: It is the schematic of the manufacturing apparatus which manufactures the thermoplastic resin fiber which extended | stretched and crimped.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 2 ... Cutting device 3 ... Guide roller 4 ... Rotating body 5 ... Motor 6 ... Pushing means 7 ... Clamping means 10 ... Hopper 11 ... Crystallizer 12 ... Chip dryer 13 ... Extruder 15 ... Spinning machine 16 ... Take-up machine 40 ... Upper plate part 41 ... Cutting blade 41a ... Cutting edge part 42 ... Lower plate part 42a ... Opening part 43 ... Rotating shaft part 60 ... Cylinder 61 ... Pusher C ... Rotating body axis center T ... Tow (not stretched / crimped) State of thermoplastic fiber)

Claims (2)

A thermoplastic fiber cutting device for cutting thermoplastic fiber that has not been stretched or crimped,
A rotating body that winds up the thermoplastic resin fiber; and a pushing means that pushes the thermoplastic resin fiber wound along the outer periphery of the rotating body from the outer peripheral side of the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body axis. ,
The rotating body has an upper plate portion, a lower plate portion, and a plurality of cutting blades erected between the upper plate portion and the lower plate portion, and the plurality of cutting blades emit radiation from the rotating shaft axis side toward the outer peripheral side. And has a cutting edge at the outer peripheral side tip, the thermoplastic resin fiber is wound up at the outer periphery of the cutting edge, and an opening is formed in the lower plate part. Yes,
The pushing means pushes the thermoplastic resin fiber wound around the rotating body toward the center of the rotating body shaft in a state where the rotation of the rotating body is stopped, thereby pushing the thermoplastic resin fiber to the cutting blade. cleaved by, characterized in that the cutting thermoplastic resin fibers is in the configuration that will be discharged from the rotating body through an opening formed as and the lower plate portion between the cutting blade Thermoplastic fiber cutting device. A thermoplastic resin fiber that has not been stretched or crimped is cut into a predetermined length by using the thermoplastic resin fiber cutting device according to claim 1 , and the cut thermoplastic resin fiber and plant A method for producing a fiber board, comprising blending fibers with each other, and producing a fiber board by heating and pressing them.

Images