JP4196166B2 - Grafting method - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method of grafting rootstock seedlings and hogi seedlings.
[0002]
[Prior art]
The present applicant has applied for a number of grafting robots as robots for manufacturing grafted seedlings (for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2002-209439).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2002-209439
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the grafting robot developed by the present inventors, when joining the rootstock seedling and the hogi seedling, in order to delete one of the two rootstock seedlings to make a single leaf, Rootstock seedlings with cotyledons have less momentum in the rootstock part compared to rootstock seedlings with both cotyledons, and the survival rate after grafting with the hotwood part is not necessarily high, and there was room for improvement . As for the growth of grafted seedlings after planting, the rootstock part is more stressed by the cutting of one cotyledon, and the growth delay is about one week compared to the grafted part with rootstock part having both cotyledons. Yes.
[0005]
In addition, when the grafting robot cuts one cotyledon of a rootstock seedling, it was necessary to adjust the position of the cutting tool so that the single leaf and the growth point were properly deleted depending on the size of the seedling. .
[0006]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for grafting rootstocks and panicles that are easy to grow seedlings after grafting and are easy to mechanize.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.
First aspect of the present invention, removes the leaves 1a portion of the stock seedling 1 or incisions to avoid the center of the cavity 1e stem 1c longitudinally stem 1c between the pair of cotyledon 1b or A V-shaped groove is formed, and into the cut portion of the stem 1c or the V-shaped groove, the spikelet seedling 2 having the stem 2c cut obliquely or wedge-likely is inserted, leaving a pair of cotyledons 2b. A gripping portion 16a for gripping the joint portion, a hinge portion 16b for opening and closing the gripping portion 16a, and a resilient portion 16c for supplying gripping force to the gripping portion 16a, and when the joint portion is gripped by the gripping portion 16a The clip 16 having tapered cuts 16d on both sides of the rootstock seedling 1 side and the hogi seedling 2 side of the hinge portion 16b of the hinge portion 16b is joined so that the gripping portion 16a is gripped in a state of spreading to the rootstock seedling 1 side. parts is a contact technique wood how to hold.
[0008]
According to the invention described in claim 1, when grafting is performed by a method in which both cotyledons 1 b of rootstock seedling 1 are left, a graft that cuts a single leaf of cotyledon 1 b of rootstock seedling 1 and joins with hogi seedling 2 Since two cotyledons 1b remain compared to the method, the seedling management after grafting is easier than when one cotyledon is left. Further, when the seedling age is increased, a cavity 1e is formed at the center of the rootstock seedling 1. By cutting so as to avoid the cavity 1e, the survival rate of the joined seedling is improved.
Furthermore, even if there is a difference in stem shaft diameter between rootstock seedling 14 and hogi seedling 15, a clip provided with tapered cuts 16d on both sides of the rootstock seedling 1 side and the hogi seedling 2 side of the hinge portion 16b. 16, the gripping portion 16a grips the joint portion of the grafted seedling in a state of spreading to the rootstock seedling 1 side, and the rootstock seedling 14 and the hotwood seedling 15 can be gripped accurately at the joint portion.
[0009]
According to the second aspect of the present invention, each time a rootstock seedling 1 is cut, the cutting blade 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from the ultraviolet lamp 11, and then the cutting blade 10 cuts the rootstock seedling 1 into the stem 1c. The grafting method according to claim 1, further comprising forming a V-shaped groove .
[0010]
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the action of the invention described in claim 1 , the cutting blade 10 can be sterilized by irradiating the cutting blade 10 with ultraviolet rays, and the diseased seedling is cut and then cut. It can prevent the disease from infecting all seedlings .
[0015]
【The invention's effect】
According to the invention described in claim 1, the labor for curing after grafting can be greatly reduced, the growing period of the graft can be shortened, and the grafting method can be applied to grafting of flower trees such as roses and tea. .
Further, when the seedling age is increased, a cavity 1e is formed at the center of the rootstock seedling 1. By cutting so as to avoid the cavity 1e, the survival rate of the joined seedling is improved.
Furthermore, even if there is a difference in stem shaft diameter between rootstock seedling 14 and hogi seedling 15, a clip provided with tapered cuts 16d on both sides of the rootstock seedling 1 side and the hogi seedling 2 side of the hinge portion 16b. 16, the gripping portion 16a grips the joint portion of the grafted seedling in a state of spreading to the rootstock seedling 1 side, and the rootstock seedling 14 and the hotwood seedling 15 can be gripped accurately at the joint portion.
[0016]
According to the invention described in claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention described in claim 1, by irradiating the cutting blade 10 with ultraviolet rays, the cutting blade 10 can be sterilized, and the diseased seedling is cut and then cut. It can prevent the disease from infecting all seedlings .
[0019]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
In this embodiment, when grafting the rootstock seedling and the hogi seedling, the portion of the main leaf 1a (the main leaf and the growth point) is removed with the cutter 3 from the front of the rootstock seedling 1 shown in FIG. 1 (b)), while opening the pair of cotyledons 1b to the left and right, cut vertically in the stem 1c between the pair of cotyledons 1b (FIG. 1 (c)), leaving the pair of cotyledons 2b diagonally or The hogi seedling 2 having the stem 2c cut in a wedge shape is inserted into the cut portion of the stem 1c of the rootstock seedling 1 (FIG. 1 (d)), and the joining portion is held with a clip or tape (not shown) ( The grafting method consisting of FIG. 1 (e) is adopted.
[0020]
Cutting of the stem 1c of the rootstock seedling 1 may be performed by cutting the growth point vertically from the direction orthogonal to the stem 1c or by cutting it in a V shape.
[0021]
The hogi seedling 2 cuts the stem 2c diagonally (FIG. 2 (a)) or wedge-shaped (FIG. 2 (b)). When priority is given to the light reception of the cotyledons 2b of the hogi seedling 2, the joining direction is a direction in which the developing direction of the cotyledons 1b of the rootstock seedling 1 and the developing direction of the cotyledons 2b of the hogi seedling 2 are orthogonal (FIG. 2 (c)). In the case of giving priority to the balance of the joined seedlings, the development directions of the cotyledons 1b and 2b of both the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2 are grafted in the same direction (FIG. 2 (d)).
[0022]
When grafting vegetables (Cucurbitaceae) etc., instead of the grafting method in which one leaf of the cotyledon 1b of the rootstock seedling 1 is cut and joined to the hogi seedling 2, both of the cotyledons 1b of the rootstock seedling 1 are combined. If grafting is performed by the method of leaving, since the two cotyledons 1b remain, it is easy to manage the seedling after grafting, the labor for curing after grafting can be greatly reduced, and the growth period of the graft can be shortened. In addition, the above grafting method can be applied to grafting flowers such as roses and tea.
[0023]
Moreover, although the periphery of the junction part of the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2 is temporarily fixed with a clip, an adhesive agent, a pin, etc., FIG.3 (a) and FIG.3 (b) As shown in the plan view, the tape 5 coated with an adhesive is held by a pair of tape holders 6 and pasted to the joint between the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2 to temporarily fix the joint. Can do.
[0024]
A recess 6a is provided at the center of one side surface of the pair of tape holders 6, and the tape 5 coated with an adhesive is held on the side surface of the holder 6 provided with the recess 6a. And the tape 5 is adhere | attached on the side surface of the junction part of this seedling by pressing the said tape holder 6 from the both sides | surfaces of the junction part of the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2. Thereafter, the tape holder 6 is removed, and the tape 5 for the next temporary fixing is held on the side surface of the tape holder 6. 3A and 3B show a cross section of the joint between the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2.
[0025]
Thus, by covering the surface of the seedling joint with an inexpensive tape 5, not only can the drying of the roots of the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2 be prevented, but also it can be applied to seedlings of various sizes, The rate is improved compared to holding the joint with a clip. And the survival rate of the graft is further improved by preventing drying of the cut ends of the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2, and the growth period can be shortened .
[0026]
Moreover, when clipping a seedling joint part, it is desirable to use the spring type clip 7 provided with a pair of holding part 7a shown in FIG. 4 (a) is a plan view of the clip 7, FIG. 4 (b) is a view seen from the direction of arrow S in FIG. 4 (a), and FIG. 4 (c) is an enlarged view of the main part of FIG. 4 (a). The figure is shown.
[0027]
Using clips 7 having springs 7b, the clip gripping portions 7a are made into a semi-elliptical shape, and protrusions 7c for preventing slippage are formed on each of the gripping portions 7a on the opposite side surfaces of the semi-elliptical portions at two locations. Keep it. Further, the semi-elliptical portion has a length a on the major axis side larger than about twice the length b on the minor axis side (a> 2b), so that the bonded seedling can be securely grasped, and the protrusion 7c is formed. Since the urging force F of the spring 7b presses the side surface of the bonded seedling toward the center thereof (FIG. 4 (d)), it is possible to prevent the bonded seedling from coming out and to hold the bonded seedling so that the seedling can be joined. There is little dryness of the surface.
And the survival rate of a graft is further improved by the reliable holding of the joint seedling and the effect of preventing the joint seedling from coming off, and the growth period can be shortened.
[0028]
On the other hand, in the conventional clip 17 shown in FIG. 8 (a), the joined seedling from the clip 17 in the direction of the arrow due to the difference in the size of the joining portion of the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2 and the holding portion 17a of the clip 17. Since the contact surface of the gripping portion 17a of the clip 17 to the joined seedling is a flat surface, when the joined seedling is not gripped at the center of the clip gripping portion, FIG. As shown to (c), a joining seedling may remove | deviate from the holding part 17a in the arrow direction.
[0029]
Even in the joining of the rootstock seedling 1 and the hogi seedling 2 with the conventional grafting robot, the cotyledon deployment base 1d (FIG. 5A) was used for positioning for cutting and joining each seedling. The cutting that leaves only one leaf of the cotyledon 1b of the rootstock seedling 1 is performed using a blade provided at the tip of the arm that is rotated by a rotary cylinder (not shown), and therefore the rootstock seedling 1 is only adjusted by adjusting the rotation radius of the arm. The cutting position of the cotyledon 1b could not be adjusted.
[0030]
Therefore, even if the diameter of the stem 1c of the rootstock seedling 1 can be dealt with, the stage (seedling age) of the rootstock seedling 1 cannot be dealt with. Since the cavity 1e is formed in the center of the rootstock seedling 1 when the seedling age becomes high, the seedling is positioned at the cotyledon deployment base 1d located between the stem 1c and the cotyledon 1b of the rootstock seedling 1, and the vertical direction is based on the position. Or if it is the structure (FIG.5 (b)) which can finely adjust a cutting position so that the cavity 1e of the rootstock seedling 1 may be avoided to a horizontal direction, the survival rate of a joining seedling will improve.
[0031]
Further, as a cutting device for forming a cut portion for inserting the hogi seedling 2 after cutting the main leaf 1a of the rootstock seedling 1 of the grafting robot, a cutter (razor, cutter, etc.) 13 as shown in FIG. A gripping device 9 for rootstock seedling 1 that grips the stem 1c while positioning the rootstock seedling 1 at a rotating cylinder (not shown) for circularly moving the arm provided at the tip and the cotyledon deployment base 1d of the rootstock seedling 1 In addition, a stopper 8 is provided to stop the blade coming down from above toward the cotyledon development base 1d of the rootstock seedling 1 after cutting the main leaf 1a. The stopper 8 is preferably provided with a shock absorber.
[0032]
In this way, the cutting position of the stopper 8 can be finely adjusted so as to avoid the cavity of the seedling in the vertical direction or the horizontal direction based on the position of the cotyledon development base 1d of the rootstock seedling 1 (see FIG. 5 (d)). The survival rate of increases.
[0033]
Conventionally, after one leaf of the cotyledon 1b of the rootstock seedling 1 is completely cut and then joined, the cotyledon deployment base 1d of the rootstock seedling 1 is moved by circular movement of an arm (not shown) equipped with a cutting blade at the tip. By cutting, the cutting area can be increased and the survival rate of the bonded seedling can be improved.
[0034]
In the case of a cucurbitaceae graft, the rootstock seedling is soft, and if the joint between the rootstock seedling and the hogi seedling is held with a clip, it can be held while the stem of the rootstock seedling is crushed. However, in the case of a solanaceous graft, the stems of the rootstock seedling 14 of the solanaceae and the stem of the hogi seedling 15 of the solanaceae are both hard and cannot be crushed by the clamping force of the clip. Further, the stems of the rootstock seedling 14 and the hogi seedling 15 often have a shaft diameter difference, and a seedling having a small shaft diameter may fall out of the clip 16.
[0035]
6 (a) shows a diagram viewed from the arrow S1 direction of the plan view of FIG. 6 (b), and FIG. 6 (b) shows a diagram viewed from the arrow S2 direction of the plan view of FIG. 6 (b). As shown in c)), an integrally formed clip provided with a hinge portion 16b for opening and closing the grip portion 16a for gripping the joint portion of the grafted seedling and a resilient portion 16c for supplying grip force to the grip portion 16a. 16, tapered cuts 16d are provided above and below the hinge portion 16b. In this way, even if there is a difference in stem shaft diameter between the rootstock seedling 14 and the hogi seedling 15, the left and right gripping portions 16a are gripped in a state of spreading downward as shown in FIG. 6 (d). Thus, the rootstock seedling 14 and the hogi seedling 15 can be accurately held at the joint.
[0036]
7 (a) and 7 (b) are partial side views of the cutting device such as the stems 1c and 2c before joining the rootstock seedling 1 or the hogi seedling 2 of the graft robot.
[0037]
In the grafting robot, an ultraviolet lamp 11 is placed at the initial position of the blade 10 for cutting the seedling (before and after the cutting), and the grafting time is a waiting time of a maximum of 4.5 seconds and 3 per grafting time. The irradiation time is 0 seconds. As the wavelength of the ultraviolet lamp 11, short wavelength ultraviolet light having high bactericidal power is used, and the periphery of the ultraviolet lamp 11 is covered with a cover 12 so as not to affect the human body such as eyes and skin.
[0038]
In the conventional grafting robot, a pot filled with water is provided for cleaning the blade 10 and the blade 10 is immersed in the cylinder. However, with this method, the sap of the plant adhering to the blade 10 can only be washed away. There was no bactericidal effect.
[0039]
Previously, the user had raised the problem that if one of the diseased seedlings was cut, then all the cut seedlings were infected. However, by performing UV irradiation for 3 seconds during grafting with the above UV disinfection method, 10 sterilizations can be performed.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for grafting rootstock seedlings and hogi seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a procedure for grafting rootstock seedlings and hogi seedlings according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a plan view when joining a rootstock seedling and a hogi seedling according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of a clip for joining a rootstock seedling and a hogi seedling according to an embodiment of the present invention and a state of clipping the joined seedling.
FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a state in which a cut of a joint between a rootstock seedling and a hogi seedling according to an embodiment of the present invention is cut.
FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the shape and function of a clip according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 7 is a side view (FIG. 7A) and a front view (FIG. 7B) showing a blade cleaning device portion of the cutting device of the graft robot according to the embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is an explanatory view of a conventional clip for joining rootstock seedlings and hogi seedlings and clipping of the joined seedlings.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 rootstock seedling 1a true leaf 1b cotyledon 1c stem 1d cotyledon development base of rootstock seedling 1e cavity 2 hogi seedling 2b cotyledon 2c stem 3 cutter 5 tape 6 tape holder 6a tape holder recess 7 clip 7a clip gripping part 7b Spring 7c Protrusion 8 Stopper 9 Holding device 10 Cutting blade 11 UV lamp 12 Cover 13 Cutting blade 14 Eggplant rootstock seedling 15 Eggplant hogi seedling 16 Clip 16a Clip holding portion 16b Clip hinge portion 16c Repulsion of clip Part 16d cutting

Claims (2)

To remove the leaf 1a portion of the stock seedling 1, longitudinally to form a central or a cut to avoid cavity 1e or V-shaped groove of the stem 1c stems 1c between a pair of cotyledons 1b In the cut portion of the stem 1c or in the V-shaped groove, the coniferous seedling 2 having the stem 2c cut obliquely or in a wedge shape is inserted, leaving a pair of cotyledons 2b, and a gripping portion for gripping the joint portion of the grafted seedling 16a, a hinge portion 16b for opening and closing the grip portion 16a, and a resilient portion 16c for supplying grip force to the grip portion 16a, and a rootstock seedling of the hinge portion 16b when the joint portion is gripped by the grip portion 16a The clip 16 provided with tapered cuts 16d on both sides of the 1 side and the hogi seedling 2 side holds the joining portion so that the gripping portion 16a is gripped in a state of spreading to the rootstock seedling 1 side. How to graft Each time a rootstock seedling 1 is cut, the cutting blade 10 is irradiated with ultraviolet rays from an ultraviolet lamp 11, and then the cutting blade 10 makes a cut into the stem 1c of the rootstock seedling 1 or a V-shaped groove. grafting method of claim 1, wherein the forming a.

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