JP4197656B2 - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a magnetic force sorting device , and more particularly to a magnetic force sorting device that efficiently separates a ferromagnetic material or fine particle magnetic material adsorbed on a magnetic roller from a magnetic field.

As a kind of biochemical sewage treatment method, 44-74 μm fine magnetite is put into the sludge material of the sedimentation basin, and then air is bubbled into the sewage of the sedimentation basin to form magnetite (FeO · Fe ₂ O ₃ ) Is known to attach a sludge substance (organic matter) to make it harmless.
The magnetite after use is taken out together with sewage from the settling basin, for example, as in Patent Document 1, and recovered by magnetic separation with a drum-type magnetic separator.

Hereinafter, a conventional magnetic separator 100 will be described with reference to FIG.
As shown in FIG. 10, the conventional magnetic separator 100 is a process in which an inlet 101a of water to be treated containing magnetite is formed at one end of a bottom plate and a non-magnetic substance outlet 101b is formed at the other end of the bottom plate. The rotary drum 102 is disposed between the tank 101 and the inlet 101a and the outlet 101b in the vicinity of the liquid level of the processing tank 101, and the lower half of the rotary drum 102 is immersed below the liquid level. A stationary magnetic field having a substantially C-shape when viewed from the axial direction of the rotating drum 102 in which a magnetic plate notch 103a that is housed in the internal space and separates the adsorbate being transported on the outer peripheral surface of the drum from the magnetic field is disposed. A scraper 105 disposed on a discharge duct 104, the tip of which is pressed against the plate 103, the rotating drum 102 facing the magnetic plate notch 103 a, and the other end of which is provided outside the processing tank 101; And a Sukinma 106 sending scraped towards the discharge duct 104 by the rotary blade 106a of the adsorbates on over path 105.

  When the water to be treated flows into the treatment tank 101 from the inlet 101 a, magnetite is adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating drum 102 by the magnetic force of the fixed magnetic plate 103. Thereafter, with the rotation of the rotating drum 102, the magnetite is transferred onto the liquid surface and is separated from the magnetic field of the fixed magnetic plate 103 at a portion facing the magnetic plate notch 103a. At the same time, magnetite is scraped off the rotating drum 102 by the scraper 105. On the way, the magnetite on the scraper 105 is scraped downstream by the skinner 106 and dropped into the discharge duct 104. And it is discharged | emitted outside through the discharge port 101b formed in the lower end part of the discharge duct 104. FIG.

Conventionally, as another magnetic separator, it is described in Patent Document 2 in which the magnetic field lines generated from the permanent magnet are configured to be substantially orthogonal to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller, and the adsorbate selection efficiency is improved. Is known.
The specific configuration of the magnetic separator of Patent Document 2 mainly includes a magnetic roller and a counter magnet group that is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller by a predetermined distance. The magnetic roller includes a rotating shaft, a plurality of ring-shaped permanent magnets that are spaced apart from each other in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and each magnetization direction is directed to the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and adjacent permanent magnets and permanent magnets. And a magnetic induction disk made of a ferromagnetic material having a diameter equal to or slightly larger than the outer diameter of the permanent magnet. In addition, the magnetic poles of each permanent magnet have the same polarity via a magnetic induction disk. The counter-pole magnet group is arranged in a fan shape along the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller in a state where it is opposed to each magnetic induction disk in a region where the magnetic force of the magnetic material is selected by the magnetic roller.

Thereby, the magnetic force which generate | occur | produced from the adjacent permanent magnet of the same polarity is synthesize | combined, and a permanent magnet can be made into a strong magnetic force. Moreover, the magnetic lines of force of adjacent permanent magnets are respectively guided to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller through the magnetic induction disk. As a result, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic field generated from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk in the radial direction can be increased to, for example, about 14000G.
JP-A-11-207381 JP 2003-80109 A

Thus, in the magnetic separator 100 of Patent Document 1, the magnetite adsorbed on the rotating drum 102 was scraped off by the scraper 105. Therefore, when the tip of the scraper 105 is worn due to contact with the rotating drum 102, a phenomenon has occurred in which the magnetite sequentially wears through the gap between the rotating drum 102 and the scraper 105. As a result, the recovery rate of magnetite was reduced.
As described above, magnetite having a particle size of 44 to 74 μm has been widely used. However, recently, in order to increase the total surface area of magnetite and increase the adsorption efficiency of sludge substances, extremely fine magnetite of 0.1 to 1 μm has been used.
As described above, when magnetite is turned into extremely fine particles, most of the magnetite rubs through the gap between the rotating drum 102 and the scraper 105, and there is a possibility that the recovery of the magnetite becomes more difficult.

  In addition, according to the magnetic separator of Patent Document 2, the magnetic flux density generated from the magnetic induction disk is enhanced to, for example, about 14000 G, so that the extremely fine magnetite of 0.1 to 1 μm wetted with oil is obtained. It is also possible to select the magnetic force. However, the extremely small magnetite adsorbed on the magnetic induction disk with a large magnetic force of about 14000 G has been difficult to separate from the magnetic roller.

An object of the present invention is to provide a magnetic sorting device that can efficiently separate a ferromagnetic material adsorbed on a magnetic pole and a particulate magnetic material that is difficult to separate from a strong magnetic field from the magnetic field.
Further, the present invention can select weak magnetic materials by magnetic force, and can effectively separate the ferromagnetic materials adsorbed on the magnetic poles and the particulate magnetic materials that are difficult to separate from the strong magnetic field from the magnetic field. The object is to provide a sorting device.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the magnetic material contained in the object to be selected is adsorbed to the outer peripheral surface in the magnetic field selection region for magnetically selecting the magnetic material contained in the object to be selected, and rotated around the rotation axis. Thus, a magnetic roller for transferring the magnetic material to a transfer position separated from the magnetic field selection region, and a magnetic roller that is rotatably disposed in the vicinity of the transfer position, It is made of a magnetic material that is separated from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller by a magnetic gradient with the roller, attracted to the outer peripheral surface, and further moved to the separation position by moving the magnetic material adsorbed by rotation. In the magnetic force sorting device provided with the jumping roller, the magnetic force sorting region is arranged in a substantially arc shape with a substantially constant interval between the magnetic roller and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller. Magnetism A part is aligned parallel to the line, a magnetic separation apparatus having an alignment opposing electrode made of a magnetic material.

According to the first aspect of the present invention, the magnetic roller has a predetermined magnetic force by, for example, a permanent magnet held therein. This magnetic force attracts only the magnetic material to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller . The non-magnetic material in the object to be sorted is not attracted to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller .
Then, when the magnetic roller rotates from this state and the magnetic substance adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface reaches the jump position, the magnetic substance is moved by the magnetic gradient between the magnetic roller and the jump roller. It is transferred to the outer peripheral surface of the surface and adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface.

The magnetic material after the transfer is transferred from the transfer position to the separation position by further rotating the transfer roller . In this disengagement position, the magnetic force acting on the magnetic material is greatly reduced than that in the jump position. As a result, the magnetic material is detached from the outer peripheral surface of the transfer roller due to its own weight or the like.
That is, the magnetic material and the non-magnetic material are sorted from the object to be sorted by magnetic force.

The type of the object to be sorted is not limited. An example is sewage sludge. Moreover, the kind of magnetic substance is not limited. Examples thereof include fine magnetite and iron powder used for biochemical sewage treatment. As the non-magnetic material, a metal having no magnetism such as aluminum can be employed. In addition, liquids having no magnetism such as water (including sewage), oil, or a mixture of water and oil can be used.
The magnetic roller moves around its axis to transfer the magnetic material.
A permanent magnet can be adopted as the magnet incorporated in the magnetic roller . The magnetic flux density of the N pole surface and the S pole surface of the magnet is, for example, 7000 G (0.7 Tesla) or more.

The material of the jump roller is not limited as long as it is a magnetic material. Examples include iron and neodymium.
The distance between the magnetic roller and the transfer roller at the transfer position is not limited. It is appropriately changed depending on the particle size and the amount of the magnetic material. For example, it is about 2-3 mm.
It is sufficient that the magnetic flux density of the jump roller is higher than the magnetic flux density of the magnetic roller at least in the magnetic material jump region of the magnetic roller .

The jump roller rotates around its axis.
The method for increasing the magnetic flux density of the transfer roller at the transfer position is not limited. For example, the tapered portion may be formed so as to concentrate magnetic lines of force on the outer peripheral surface of the transfer roller .
When the jumping roller is configured as a counter pole made of a magnetic rotating body and the counter pole is divided into a plurality of partial counter poles in the circumferential direction, the number of divisions is not limited. For example, four, five, six, etc. may be used.
In this case, a space may exist in the gap between the adjacent partial counter electrodes, and for example, a non-magnetic material may be interposed.

In the magnetic field selection region, an alignment counter pole is provided. The alignment counter pole is made of a magnetic material, and is arranged at a substantially constant interval with the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller, and aligns a part of the lines of magnetic force generated from the magnetic roller in parallel.
  Since the magnetic lines of force are aligned by the aligned counter pole, the magnetic force acting on the magnetic roller is increased, and the attractive force of the magnetic substance can be increased.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the magnetic roller includes a plurality of ring-shaped permanent magnets arranged at predetermined intervals in the axial direction of the rotating shaft, and a circle interposed between adjacent permanent magnets. A plurality of magnetic induction discs made of a plate-like magnetic body, and the transfer roller has a plurality of transfer counter poles made of a magnetic material, arranged to face each of the magnetic induction disks. Each of the counter-facing poles has a plurality of partial counter-poles divided in the circumferential direction in a state where adjacent ones are separated from each other, and each partial counter-pole has a tapered outer radial end. The magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein the magnetic separators are formed respectively.

The magnetic material may be fine particle iron powder (Fe) or fine particle magnetite (FeO.Fe ₂ O ₃ ).

  According to the magnetic separator according to the second aspect of the present invention, since the opposing surfaces of the adjacent permanent magnets constituting the magnetic roller have the same polarity, for example, with the magnetic induction disk interposed therebetween, the permanent magnets on both sides The magnetic force generated from the above is synthesized and the magnetic force can be increased as a whole.
  In addition, since the magnetic induction disk is disposed between the adjacent permanent magnets, the magnetic lines passing through each magnetic induction disk are guided to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller, and the radius from the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk. The magnetic field generated toward the outside in the direction can be strengthened.

  In the magnetic field selection region, the aligned counter poles are magnetized by strong magnetic field lines generated from the outer peripheral surfaces of the opposing magnetic induction disks. At this time, the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of each aligned counter pole are different in polarity from the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk. In addition, the aligned counter poles are arranged in an arc with the same axis as the magnetic roller. Thereby, the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk and the outer peripheral surface of each alignment counter pole attract each other. As a result, the spread of the magnetic lines generated in the radial direction of the magnetic roller, particularly each magnetic induction disk, is suppressed in the magnetic force selection region. Therefore, the magnetic field generated from the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk to the outside in the radial direction of the magnetic roller is strengthened. Thereby, the magnetic substance contained in a to-be-sorted object can be efficiently adsorbed and sorted.

Thereafter, the magnetic substance adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller is transferred along with the rotation of the magnetic roller, and reaches a jump position to each jump counter pole. At this time, each jumping counter pole is magnetized by the strong magnetic field lines generated from the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk, and the portion of the outer peripheral surface of each jumping counter pole facing the magnetic induction disk is The magnetic pole has a polarity different from that of the outer peripheral surface of the disk. In addition, a tapered portion where magnetic lines of force are concentrated is formed on the outer peripheral surface portion of each jumping counter pole, and the magnetic flux density at each tapered portion is increased as compared with the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk. As a result, the magnetic material is smoothly jumped from each magnetic induction disk to each flying counter pole due to the difference (magnetic gradient) in the magnitude of this magnetic force (magnetic flux density).
Note that the shape of the tapered portion is not limited. As the cross-sectional shape, for example, a W shape, a V shape, a U shape, an M shape, or the like can be adopted. The tip of the tapered portion is preferably trapezoidal. This increases the magnetic gradient. Even a fine magnetic material can be easily transferred.

After the jump, the magnetic material is gradually separated from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller by the rotation of the transfer roller. At the separation position, the magnetic material is caused by its own weight from the partially opposed pole where the residual magnetic flux density is reduced. Leaves. At this time, the flying counter electrode is divided into a plurality of partial counter electrodes separated from each other. Therefore, the flying counter pole has a smaller residual magnetic flux density when it is separated from the magnetic roller as compared to a single pole or a plurality of partially counter poles in which adjacent ones are in contact with each other. As a result, even a ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the magnetic pole and a particulate magnetic material that is difficult to leave from a strong magnetic field can be separated from the magnetic field.
At this time, the jumping counter electrode is divided into a plurality of partial counter electrodes in which adjacent ones are separated from each other. For this reason, the flying counter pole is a single magnetic pole or the residual of each partial counter pole when separated from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller as compared to the case of a plurality of partial counter poles in which end faces of adjacent ones are abutted. The magnetic flux density becomes smaller (becomes weaker). As a result, even a ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the magnetic pole and a fine-grained magnetic material that is difficult to leave from a strong magnetic field can be separated from the magnetic field.

For the magnetic induction disk, iron made of a ferromagnetic material or the like can be used.
The thickness of the magnetic induction disk is determined in consideration of the magnetic force of the permanent magnet as long as the magnetic flux density on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk is within a range where weak magnetic substances can be attracted. For example, it is 1 to 20 mm, preferably 10 mm or less.
The permanent magnet is connected to a plurality of arc-shaped magnets and fixed to the magnetic induction disk. The permanent magnet is formed of a non-magnetic material provided on the outer periphery of the permanent magnet in the radial direction so as to match the outer diameter of the magnetic induction disk. An annular protective cover may be attached. As described above, since the permanent magnet is formed by connecting a plurality of arc-shaped magnets, the handling can be simplified and the permanent magnet can be prevented from being damaged.
The magnetic induction disk may be coupled by a plurality of coupling screws penetrating the magnetic induction disk inside the permanent magnet in the radial direction. Thereby, each magnetic induction disk and each permanent magnet can be firmly coupled against the repulsive force of each permanent magnet.

In addition, the magnetic material contained in the object to be sorted is adsorbed to the outer peripheral surface within the magnetic field sorting region for magnetically sorting the magnetic material, and is rotated around the rotation axis to move away from the magnetic field sorting region. The magnetic roller for transferring the magnetic material to the position and the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller in the magnetic force selection region are arranged in a substantially circular arc shape with a substantially constant interval, and one of the lines of magnetic force generated from the magnetic roller. Aligned counter pole members made of a magnetic material that aligns the parts in parallel with each other, and a magnetic material that has been arranged to be rotatable in the vicinity of the jumping position and has reached the jumping position due to a magnetic gradient with the magnetic roller. A magnetic separation device including a magnetic roller made of a magnetic material that is separated from the magnetic field of the roller and adsorbs to the outer peripheral surface thereof, wherein the magnetic roller has a magnetization direction that is an axial direction of a rotation axis, and the rotation In the axial direction of the axis In addition, a plurality of ring-shaped permanent magnets arranged side by side at a predetermined interval and an adjacent permanent magnet are interposed, and have an outer diameter of 1 / 2D to 1D with respect to the outer diameter D of the permanent magnet. Magnetic poles formed on opposing surfaces of adjacent permanent magnets via each magnetic induction disk sandwiched between these permanent magnets. The aligned counter pole member has a plurality of aligned counter poles made of a magnetic material disposed to face each of the magnetic induction disks, and the transfer roller has the magnetic induction A plurality of jumping counter poles made of a magnetic material disposed to face each of the discs, and each jumping counter pole is divided in the circumferential direction in a state where adjacent ones are separated from each other. Each partial counter electrode has a tapered radial outer end. It may be a magnetic separator device formed respectively in the shape.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a demagnetizer that causes an alternating magnetic field to act on the magnetic material adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface of the transfer roller at the disengagement position by the transfer roller, and causes the magnetic material to leave the outer peripheral surface. The magnetic separator according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the magnetic separator is provided.
As the demagnetizer, one having an alternating electromagnet such as a solenoid coil can be employed. In addition, you may provide the demagnetization tank which receives the demagnetized magnetic substance.

According to the third aspect of the present invention , the magnetic substance adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface of the jumping roller (each jumping counter pole) is generated in the alternating magnetic field of the jumping counter pole with the rotation of each jumping counter pole. It is transferred to. Here, an alternating magnetic field of a demagnetizer is applied to the magnetic material. That is, in the case of a fine particle-like magnetic material, an attractive force and a repulsive force repeatedly act on the magnetic material, and the fine particle-like magnetic material gathers in a rod shape. Thereafter, the chain of the magnetic material is cut off at a predetermined portion by two actions of an alternating magnetic field and the weight of the magnetic material. Therefore, even a ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the magnetic pole and a fine magnetic material that is difficult to leave from a strong magnetic field can be efficiently and reliably separated from the magnetic field.

The magnetic material is iron powder or magnetite having a particle size of 0.1 to 50 μm .
The magnetic material may be fine particle iron powder or fine particle magnetite.

According to the magnetic force sorting apparatus according to the first to third aspects , the magnetic material attracted to the magnetic roller is caused to jump to the jumping roller using a magnetic gradient between the magnetic roller and the jumping roller . Moreover, the magnetic material after HiUtsuri is transferred by HiUtsuri roller gradually moving away from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller. At this time, since the flying counter pole of the jumping roller is divided into a plurality of partially facing poles separated from each other, the residual magnetic flux density of the partially facing pole at a separation position separated from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller is small. As a result, even a ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the magnetic pole and a particulate magnetic material that is difficult to leave from a strong magnetic field can be separated from the magnetic field.

According to this magnetic sorting apparatus , the aligned counter poles are magnetized by the strong magnetic lines of force generated from the outer peripheral surfaces of the opposing magnetic induction disks in the magnetic sorting area. As a result, in the magnetic field selection region, the spread of the magnetic field lines generated in the radial direction of each magnetic induction disk is suppressed, the magnetic field generated from the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk is strengthened, and the magnetic material contained in the selection object is reduced. It can be efficiently adsorbed and sorted.
Moreover, since the taper part is formed in the outer peripheral surface of each partial counter pole, the magnetic flux density of each taper part is raised compared with the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disc. As a result, at the jump position, the magnetic material is smoothly transferred from the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk to each jump counter pole due to a large magnetic gradient between the magnetic roller and the jump roller (jump counter pole). You can fly.

In particular, in an alternating magnetic field, the magnetic material attracted by the magnetic roller is demagnetized by the action of the alternating magnetic field. As a result, not only the ferromagnetic material adsorbed on the magnetic pole but also the particulate magnetic material that is difficult to leave from the strong magnetic field can be efficiently and reliably separated from the magnetic field.

Further , according to the magnetic force sorting device, since the tapered portion is formed on the outer peripheral surface of each partial counter pole, the magnetic flux density of the tapered portion of each partial counter pole is increased as compared with the magnetic flux density of the magnetic sorting means. . As a result, the magnetic material is a magnetic gradient between the magnetic roller and the carry transfer opposite poles, it can be smoothly HiUtsuri from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller in the carry transfer counter electrode.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. For convenience of explanation, the machine direction in FIG. 1 is the X direction, one of these directions is the X1 direction, and the other direction is the X2 direction. Also, the machine width direction is the Y direction, one of these directions is the Y1 direction, and the other direction is the Y2 direction. Furthermore, the machine height direction is the Z direction, and the upward direction is the Z1 direction and the downward direction is the Z2 direction.

1 and 2, reference numeral 10 denotes a magnetic separator according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. The magnetic separator 10 rotates about a rotating shaft 11 whose axis is horizontal and contacts the object 12 to be contacted. A magnetic roller 14 that selects magnetic force by attracting and transferring the magnetic material 13 from the inside to the outer peripheral surface, a first motor (roller rotation drive unit) M1 that rotates the magnetic roller 14, and a magnetic force selection region of the magnetic material 13 an alignment counter pole 16 which is arranged in a circular arc shape within a and having a substantially constant interval from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14, and which aligns a part of the lines of magnetic force generated from the magnetic roller 14 in parallel. The axis of rotation is arranged around a horizontal rotation shaft 17 on the transfer side of the magnetic material 13 and in the vicinity of the transfer position b that is a predetermined distance away from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14. , Transfer position b A plurality of jumping counter poles 18 for separating the reached magnetic material 13 from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller 14, and a second motor (counter pole rotation driving unit) for rotating the jumping counter poles 18 around the rotation shaft 17. M2 and the magnetic material 13 that is disposed immediately below each jumping counter pole 18 and attracted to the outer peripheral surface of each jumping counter pole 18 is separated from the remaining magnetic field of each jumping counter pole 18 by the action of an alternating magnetic field. It includes a demagnetizer 19 to be mounted and a gantry 20 on which these are mounted.

Hereinafter, these components will be described in detail. However, the magnetic roller 14 will be described later.
The object to be sorted 12 is a treatment liquid after a 0.1 to 1 μm fine magnetite is put into the sewage of the sedimentation basin and then subjected to a biochemical treatment for detoxifying sludge substances by bubbling air. . For this reason, the magnetic material 13 is finely magnetized and the nonmagnetic material 13A is water.
The gantry 20 is a frame having a rectangular shape that is long in the X direction in plan view, and casters 40 are provided at the four corners of the bottom.
On the end of the gantry 20 on the X1 side, a pair of bearings 44 are interposed between a pair of portal frame 43 erected on the Y1 side upper frame 41 and the Y2 side upper frame 42, respectively. The rotating shaft 11 whose axis is oriented in the Y direction is horizontally mounted. The magnetic roller 14 is fixed to an intermediate portion in the length direction of the rotating shaft 11.
An output shaft of the first motor M <b> 1 is connected to an end portion on the Y <b> 1 side of the rotating shaft 11 via a gear box 57. The base portion of the first motor M1 is connected to the end portion on the Y1 side of the base plate 51 described later.

  Further, a discharge tank 45 for the non-magnetic material 13 </ b> A is housed in the X1 side portion of the gantry 20. The discharge tank 45 has a hopper shape, and the opening of the discharge tank 45 is fixed to the X1-side upper frame 46, the Y1-side upper frame 41, and the Y2-side upper frame 42 of the gantry 20, respectively. The lower end of the magnetic roller 14 is accommodated in the opening of the discharge tank 45. A drain 48 is communicated with the gradually tapered lower end of the discharge tank 45. A dust box 80 is disposed immediately below the drain 48 at the bottom of the gantry 20.

On the end of the opening of the discharge tank 45 on the X1 side, an attachment frame 50 having a substantially inverted J shape as viewed from the Y direction is erected. The attachment frame 50 includes a vertical base plate 51 whose lower end is connected to the discharge tank 45, an intermediate plate 52 that is connected to the upper end of the base plate 51, and gradually tilts in the X2 direction toward the upper side. The front plate 53 is connected to the upper end and is horizontally arranged.
On the front plate 53, an input hopper 54 for the object 12 to be sorted is erected. The charging hopper 54 is a rectangular container long in plan view in the Y direction, and four nozzles 54a are projected from the lower end portion of the charging hopper 54 at a predetermined pitch in the Y direction. The specific formation position of the nozzle 54a is that the position in the X direction is slightly closer to the aligned counter pole 16 side than the virtual perpendicular passing through the axis of the magnetic roller 14, and the position in the Y direction will be described later. It is a position facing each magnetic induction disk 24. An open / close valve 55 is disposed in each nozzle 54a.

An alignment counter electrode 16 is provided on the surface of the intermediate plate 52 on the X2 side via a connecting plate 56. A demagnetizer 19 is accommodated in the X2 side portion of the gantry 20.
Further, on the X2 side end of the gantry 20, the rotary shaft 17 whose axis is oriented in the Y direction is interposed between the Y1 side upper frame 41 and the Y2 side upper frame 42 via a pair of bearings 44. It is horizontal. The rotating shaft 17 is disposed slightly on the Z2 side from the rotating shaft 11. The flying counter pole 18 is fixed to an intermediate portion in the length direction of the rotating shaft 17. An output shaft of the second motor M <b> 2 is connected to an end portion on the Y <b> 1 side of the rotating shaft 17 via a gear box 57. The base part of the second motor M2 is connected to the Y2 side end of the Y1 side upper frame 41. A gap d between the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 and the outer peripheral surface of the flying counter pole 18 is 2 to 3 mm. Details of the alignment counter pole 16, the jump counter pole 18, and the demagnetizer 19 will be described later.

Next, the magnetic roller 14 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
The magnetic roller 14 has a disk-shaped iron auxiliary pole 21 attached to both ends in the axial direction of the rotary shaft 12, and a plurality of ring-shaped permanent magnet structure boards 22, 23 are alternately arranged between the auxiliary poles 21. It has the structure provided in. In addition, a cutout portion 21 a is formed on the outer peripheral surface portion on the opposite side of the auxiliary electrode 21 over the entire circumference.

  Next, the permanent magnet structure board 22 will be described. The permanent magnet structure board 22 has a structure in which ring-shaped magnets (permanent magnets) 30 are respectively fixed to the front and back surfaces of the outer periphery of an iron magnetic induction disk 24 that is a magnetic material. The magnetization direction of each ring-shaped magnet 30 is the axial direction of the rotating shaft 11. The ring-shaped magnets 30 arranged on both sides of each magnetic induction disk 24 have the same polarity (for example, N pole). In addition, each ring-shaped magnet 30 has its axis line coincident with the axis line of the rotary shaft 11, and one surface in the axial direction is fixed to the auxiliary pole 21 or the magnetic induction disk 24.

Here, the magnetic induction disk 24 will be described in detail. The magnetic induction disk 24 is formed with a shaft through hole 25 through which the rotary shaft 11 is inserted. Moreover, the notch part 27 is formed in the outer peripheral surface part of the axial direction both sides of the magnetic induction disc 24 over the perimeter. Further, on the radially inner side of the magnetic induction disk 24, fixing holes 29 through which the connection screws 28 are inserted are evenly arranged at a pitch of 45 degrees in the circumferential direction with the shaft through hole 25 as the center. .
In addition, the outer diameter of the ring-shaped magnet 30 is made smaller than the outer diameter of the magnetic induction disk 24 by the radial width d 1 of the notch 27. That is, the outer diameter of the magnetic induction disk 24 is substantially equal to the outer diameter D of the ring-shaped magnet 30.

  Next, the permanent magnet structure board 23 will be described. As in the case of the permanent magnet structure board 22, the permanent magnet structure board 23 includes a magnetic induction disk 24 and a plurality of ring-shaped magnets 30. However, the magnetization direction of the ring-shaped magnet 30 is opposite to that of the permanent magnet structure board 22 with the magnetic induction disk 24 sandwiched so as to face the ring magnet 30 of the permanent magnet structure board 22 (for example, S pole). ). In the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23, the magnetic poles having the same polarity (N pole or S pole) are arranged so as to face each other with the magnetic induction disk 24 interposed therebetween. Therefore, the opposing magnetic poles repel each other, and the lines of magnetic force from each magnetic pole toward the circumferential direction of the magnetic roller 14 can be bent outward in the radial direction of the magnetic roller 14. Moreover, the magnetic force generated on the radially outer side of the magnetic induction disk 24 can be enhanced by combining the magnetic forces of the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23.

  Further, the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk 24 provided between the ring-shaped magnets 30 slightly protrudes outward in the radial direction from the outer periphery of the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23 (note that the protruding amount is 0, That is, the outer peripheral surface of a magnet and a disc may be the same surface). Therefore, by guiding the magnetic force lines that pass through the magnetic induction disk 24 to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14, the rising direction of the magnetic force lines from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 is further increased with respect to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14. It becomes possible to approach the vertical. As a result, the magnetic flux density in the direction perpendicular to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 can be increased, and the magnetic substance to be selected, particularly the fine particle magnetite (weak magnetic substance) such as the magnetic substance 13 can be adsorbed efficiently. .

  An annular protective cover 31 is provided on the outer periphery in the radial direction of the outer periphery of the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23. Next, the protective cover 31 will be described. The protective cover 31 is made of a stainless steel plate that is a non-magnetic material, and is formed according to the outer diameter of the magnetic induction disk 24. The protective cover 31 is attached to the outer periphery in the radial direction of the outer periphery of the permanent magnet structure boards 22, 23, and the outer periphery of the permanent magnet structure boards 22, 23, the cutout portion 27 of the magnetic induction disk 24, and the cylindrical space portion 32. The magnetic powder magnetite is prevented from adhering directly to the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23. The protective cover 31 maintains a certain distance between the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk 24 and the outer peripheral surfaces of the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23, and adjusts the distribution of magnetic flux density on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14. Yes.

Next, the arrangement and connection state of the ring-shaped magnet 30, the protective cover 31, and the magnetic induction disk 24 will be described. Each ring-shaped magnet 30 is fixed to one side surface of the corresponding magnetic induction disk 24 with its axis line aligned. A protective cover 31 is attached to the outer side of each ring magnet 30 in the radial direction.
A key groove 26 is formed in an intermediate portion in the length direction of the rotating shaft 11. The magnetic induction disk 24 to which the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23 and the protective cover 31 are attached has an axis line by a key (not shown) inserted into the key groove 26 of the rotary shaft 12 and the key groove of the magnetic induction disk 24. Linked in the direction. In addition, each magnetic induction disk 24 has eight long connecting screws 28 inserted in series between the corresponding fixing holes 29, and nuts 35 are firmly screwed into both ends of each connecting screw 28. It is connected with. One of the nuts 35 for fixing the magnetic induction disk 24 can be omitted and assembled. Further, the length of the connecting screw 28 may be shortened and the magnetic induction disks 24 may be fixed one by one.
Such a magnetic roller 14 and the first motor M1 constitute magnetic force sorting means A that uses the magnetic force to sort the magnetic material 13 from the material 12 to be sorted.

Next, the aligned counter electrode 16 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIGS. 1 and 4, the magnetic separation area a is opposed to each magnetic induction disk 24 by a predetermined distance H (for example, 10 to 50 mm) away from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14. Four aligned counter poles 16 are arranged in an arc shape with respect to the axis of the magnetic roller 14. Each alignment counter electrode 16 is made of iron. The base portions of the aligned counter electrodes 16 are connected to each other at a constant pitch in the Y direction by yokes 58. A permanent magnet 59 that increases the magnetic field density on the outer peripheral surface of each alignment counter electrode 16 may be accommodated in a gap between adjacent alignment counter poles 16. As the permanent magnet 59, a rare earth magnet or the like can be used. At this time, the yoke 58 is omitted, and the magnetic poles of the permanent magnet 59 are different from the magnetic poles on the outer peripheral surface of the opposing magnetic induction disk 24. With this configuration, the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk 24 and each aligned counter pole 58 attract each other. As a result, it is possible to suppress the spread of the lines of magnetic force generated from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic induction disk 24 in the radial direction of the magnetic roller 14. Therefore, it is possible to further increase the magnetic flux density between the aligned counter poles 58 and the magnetic roller 14.

Subsequently, the jumping counter electrode 18 will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 to 9.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 6 to 9, each jumping counter electrode 18 is made of iron. The outer peripheral surface of each flying counter pole 18 is disposed opposite to the outer peripheral surface of the corresponding magnetic induction disk 24. A total of four jumping counter poles 18 are arranged at a constant pitch in the axial direction of the rotating shaft 17 on the outer peripheral surface of the rotating shaft 17 made of stainless steel, which is a non-magnetic material.
Each of the jumping counter poles 18 is divided into four fan-shaped partial counter poles 60 arranged every 90 degrees in the circumferential direction. A substantially W-shaped annular groove is formed on the outer peripheral surface of each partial counter electrode 60 as viewed from the X direction. As a result, two tapered portions 60 a that increase the magnetic flux density are formed on the outer peripheral surface of each partial counter electrode 60. That is, the tip of the tapered portion facing electrode 60a has a trapezoidal shape, and its outer radial end is formed narrower than its inner end.
A stainless steel annular spacer 81, which is a nonmagnetic material, is fitted on the rotating shaft 17. On the outer peripheral surface of the annular spacer 81, four partition frames 81a project from the circumferential direction every 90 degrees. In the space existing between the adjacent partition projections 81a, the yoke 82 is disposed on the back side of the space, and the partial counter electrode 60 is disposed in the other region. Each yoke 82 is an iron plate having a circular arc shape in cross section perpendicular to the length direction that is stretched over a series of four counter electrodes 18.

In addition, gaps having a predetermined length are formed between the partial counter poles 60 so as to reduce the residual magnetic flux density after the magnetic material 13 jumps through the nonmagnetic partition protrusions 81a. In this way, by forming a gap between the flying counter poles 18, for example, even if the magnetic flux density in the magnetic force selection region a is 26000 to 27000 G, the residual magnetic flux density when the magnetic roller 14 leaves the magnetic field is 200. Decreases to ~ 300G.
Fixing holes 60b through which the connecting screws 61 are inserted are formed at substantially center-of-gravity positions of the partial counter electrodes 60, respectively. Each partial counter electrode 60 is firmly connected by four long connecting screws 61. Specifically, each connecting screw 61 is inserted in series between the corresponding fixing holes 60 b, and the nuts 62 are firmly screwed into both ends of each connecting screw 61.

Next, the demagnetizer 19 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1, FIG. 2, and FIG.
As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 7, the demagnetizer 19 includes a hopper-type demagnetization tank 63 having a rectangular shape in a plan view and housed in a portion on the X2 side of the gantry 20. The demagnetizing tank 63 has an opening at the upper end horizontally mounted between the Y1 side upper frame 41 and the Y2 side upper frame 42 of the gantry 20. A drain 65 is communicated with the lower end of the demagnetization tank 63. Another dust box 80 is disposed directly below the drain 65 at the bottom of the gantry 20.
A solenoid coil 67 that generates an alternating magnetic field is provided around the outer peripheral surface of the upper portion of the demagnetization tank 63 via a holder frame 66. A transformer 68 and a slidac 69 are connected to the solenoid coil 67.
The jumping counter pole 18 and the demagnetizer 19 constitute a magnetic substance magnetic field detaching device 70 that detaches the magnetic substance 13 adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 from the magnetic field.

Next, a magnetic selection method for the object to be selected 12 and a magnetic substance 13 magnetic field separation method by the magnetic selection device 10 of Example 1 will be described.
First, the magnetic roller 14 is rotated clockwise in FIG. 1 at a predetermined speed by the first motor M1. Further, the flying counter pole 18 is similarly rotated clockwise at a predetermined speed by the second motor M2. Thereafter, each open / close valve 55 is opened, and the object 12 in the charging hopper 54 is gradually discharged from each nozzle 54a to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 at a predetermined flow rate.
After the discharge, the object to be sorted 12 slowly flows down on the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 toward the aligned counter electrode 16. At this time, the particulate magnetic material 13 in the object to be sorted 12 is attracted to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 by the magnetic force of each magnetic induction disk 24. In addition, the aligned counter poles 16 are magnetized by the strong magnetic field lines generated from the outer peripheral surfaces of the opposing magnetic induction disks 24 in the magnetic force selection region a. Thereby, in the magnetic force selection area | region a, the breadth of the magnetic force line generate | occur | produced in the radial direction of each magnetic induction disk 24 is suppressed, and the magnetic field generated from the outer peripheral surface of each magnetic induction disk 24 becomes strong. Therefore, the magnetic substance 13 contained in the to-be-sorted object 12 can be efficiently adsorbed and sorted.

On the other hand, the water that is the non-magnetic material 13A in the object to be sorted 12 falls by its own weight, flows down to the discharge tank 45, and is stored. Then, it is collected from the drain 48 into one dust box 80.
The magnetic material 13 attracted to the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller 14 reaches the transfer position b when the magnetic roller 14 rotates approximately 180 degrees. At this time, a tapered portion 60 a having a tapered outer radial end is formed on the outer peripheral surface of each partial counter electrode 60. Therefore, the magnetic lines of force from each magnetic induction disk 24 are concentrated on the pair of tapered portions 60a, and the magnetic flux density of the outer peripheral surface of each partial counter pole 60 is increased to 2600-27000G with respect to 14000G of the magnetic induction disk 24. It is done. Therefore, the magnetic material 13 smoothly and reliably jumps to the rotating flying counter pole 18 due to a large magnetic gradient between the magnetic roller 14 and the jumping counter pole 18. Since the magnetic material 13 is a fine-grained magnetite, the fine magnetic material 13 jumps in a daisy-chained state with two strips for each tapered portion 60a. At this time, the water adhering to the magnetic material 13 is separated.

After the flying, the magnetic material 13 adsorbed on the flying counter pole 18 reaches the inside of the demagnetizing tank 63 disposed immediately below it. Each jumping counter pole 18 is divided into a plurality of partial counter poles 60 spaced apart from each other. Therefore, each of the jumping counter poles 18 has a smaller residual magnetic flux density when it is separated from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller 14 as compared with the case where the adjacent partial counter poles 60 are in contact with each other. Specifically, it decreases from 26000-27000G to 200-300G.
In the demagnetization tank 63, an alternating magnetic field by the solenoid coil 67 acts on the magnetic material 13. As a result, for example, in the case of the particulate magnetic material 13 that gathers in a rod shape directly below each flying counter electrode 18, energizing the solenoid coil 67 causes an attractive force and a repulsive force to the magnetic material 13. It works repeatedly. Therefore, the chain | strand of the particulate-form magnetic substance 13 continued in this rod shape is cut | disconnected by the self weight acting. As a result, not only the large magnetic material 13 having ferromagnetism but also the fine magnetic material 13 that is difficult to leave from a strong magnetic field can be efficiently and reliably separated from the magnetic field. Further, when the attractive force and the repulsive force are repeated with respect to the magnetic material 13 in this way, the water attached to the magnetic material 13 is further separated. If the voltage to the solenoid coil 67 is increased (for example, 200 V to 400 V), the demagnetization of the magnetic material 13 is stopped by that amount.
Moreover, since the magnetic material 13 is an extremely fine magnetite of 0.1 to 1 μm contained in the sludge material, the magnetite is linked in a bead shape in the demagnetization tank 63, and the action of the alternating magnetic field in this state. And is separated from the magnetic field of the flying counter pole 18. The separated magnetic substance 13 falls to the bottom of the demagnetization tank 63 and finally passes through the drain 65 and is collected in another dust box 80.

As described above, the embodiment according to the present invention has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiment. For example, instead of the magnetic roller 14, a fixed magnetic plate as shown in FIG. A built-in rotating drum may be adopted.
The magnetic roller 14 is fixed by eight connecting screws 61. However, depending on the strength of the permanent magnet structure boards 22 and 23 to be used, it may be reduced to six or four, or increased to nine or ten. May be. Further, the rotary shaft 11 may be changed to a fixed shaft, and the auxiliary poles 21 and the magnetic induction disk 24 may be provided so as to be rotatable with respect to the fixed shaft.

It is a front view of the magnetic sorting apparatus concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a side view of the magnetic sorting apparatus concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the magnetic roller which comprises a part of magnetic sorting apparatus concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is an expanded sectional view which shows the principal part of the magnetic roller which comprises a part of magnetic force sorting apparatus based on Example 1 of this invention, and an alignment counter pole. It is an expansion perspective view which shows the permanent magnet structure board which comprises a part of magnetic sorting apparatus based on Example 1 of this invention. It is an enlarged front view which shows the principal part of the magnetic roller which comprises some magnetic force sorting apparatuses which concern on Example 1 of this invention, and a jumping counter pole. It is a principal part expansion perspective view of the jumping counter pole which comprises a part of magnetic sorting apparatus concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is an enlarged front view which shows the principal part of the magnetic roller which comprises some magnetic force sorting apparatuses which concern on Example 1 of this invention, and a jumping counter pole. It is principal part sectional drawing which shows the demagnetization state of the magnetic substance adsorb | sucked to the jumping counter pole which comprises a part of magnetic separation apparatus concerning Example 1 of this invention. It is a schematic block diagram of the magnetic separator based on the conventional means.

Explanation of symbols

10 Magnetic separator
11 central axis,
12 Sorted items,
13 Magnetic material,
14 magnetic rollers,
17 central axis,
18 jumping counter pole (flying roller),
19 Demagnetizer,
24 magnetic induction disk,
30 Ring magnet (permanent magnet),
60 partial counter poles,
60a taper part,
a Magnetic sorting area,
b Jump position.

Claims (3)

In the magnetic field selection area for magnetically selecting magnetic substances contained in the object to be sorted, the magnetic substances contained in the object to be sorted are adsorbed to the outer peripheral surface and rotated around the rotation axis to thereby remove the magnetic substance contained in the object to be sorted. A magnetic roller for transferring a magnetic material to a separated flying position;
  The magnetic material that is rotatably disposed near the jump position is separated from the magnetic field of the magnetic roller by the magnetic gradient between the magnetic roller and attracted to the outer peripheral surface. In addition, in the magnetic force sorting apparatus provided with a jumping roller made of a magnetic material, which moves the magnetic substance adsorbed by further rotation to the separation position to be separated,
  Within the magnetic field selection region, the magnetic roller is arranged in a substantially arc shape with a substantially constant distance from the outer peripheral surface of the magnetic roller, and a part of the magnetic force lines generated from the magnetic roller are aligned in parallel. A magnetic sorting device having aligned counter poles made of a body. The magnetic roller is
A plurality of ring-shaped permanent magnets arranged side by side with a predetermined interval in the axial direction of the rotating shaft;
A plurality of magnetic induction disks made of disk-shaped magnetic bodies interposed between adjacent permanent magnets;
The jump roller is
Having a plurality of jumping counter poles made of a magnetic material disposed to face each of these magnetic induction disks,
Each flying counter pole has a plurality of partial counter poles divided in the circumferential direction in a state where adjacent ones are separated from each other,
The magnetic separator according to claim 1, wherein each of the partial counter poles has a radially outer end formed in a tapered shape . 2. A demagnetizer is provided in the vicinity of the jumping roller to cause an alternating magnetic field to act on the magnetic material adsorbed on the outer peripheral surface of the jumping roller so that the magnetic material is separated from the outer peripheral surface of the jumping roller. Or the magnetic force sorting apparatus of Claim 2.

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