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JP4201499B2 - Wet heat treated flour and mixes using it - Google Patents
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JP4201499B2 - Wet heat treated flour and mixes using it - Google Patents

Wet heat treated flour and mixes using it Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4201499B2
JP4201499B2 JP2001257179A JP2001257179A JP4201499B2 JP 4201499 B2 JP4201499 B2 JP 4201499B2 JP 2001257179 A JP2001257179 A JP 2001257179A JP 2001257179 A JP2001257179 A JP 2001257179A JP 4201499 B2 JP4201499 B2 JP 4201499B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
flour
wet heat
wheat flour
mix
mixes
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JP2001257179A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2003061600A (en
Inventor
敬人 安田
貞男 長田
恵一 安齋
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Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
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Nisshin Seifun Group Inc
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Priority to JP2001257179A priority Critical patent/JP4201499B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、湿熱処理小麦粉およびそれを用いたミックス類に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、小麦粉製品のミックス類としては、例えば小麦粉に、その3〜30%(重量)のα化澱粉を加え、必要に応じて他の副材料を添加混合してなる電子レンジにより解凍硬化しない冷凍食品用ミックスが知られている(特開平8−66148号公報参照)。また、ベーカリー製品用ミックスでは、主成分とする澱粉質原料として、天然および/または化工ワキシーコーンスターチおよびα化澱粉を組み合わせてなるミックスが知られている(特開平10−56946号公報参照)。
【0003】
このように従来は小麦粉製品に澱粉類を添加して製品の物性を変えることが試みられていた。
しかしながら、澱粉類を使用すると澱粉臭や糊臭が生起し、ハンドリング等の作業性も悪かった。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
そこで本発明者等は小麦粉製品特にベーカリー製品および皮類製品について澱粉臭や糊臭がなく、かつ作業性にも優れたミックス類について種々研究を重ねた結果本発明を完成するに至った。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
すなわち、本発明は、原料小麦粉に、40〜45重量%の加水のみをし、一軸エクストルーダーを用いて加圧加熱による湿熱処理を行ない、α化度85%以上および粘度500B.U.以下の性質を有する湿熱処理小麦粉を得、この湿熱処理小麦粉を、ミックスに使用する小麦粉に対し、1〜30重量%添加することを特徴とする、ベーカリー製品用ならびに皮類用ミックスの製造法である。
【0006】
【発明の実施の形態】
一般に小麦粉を湿熱処理してα化度を高めると粘度が高くなり、その結果糊っぽくなり、小麦粉本来の風味が減少すると共に、混合時の作業性も低下する欠点がある。
本発明者等は種々検討した結果特定のα化度および粘度を有する湿熱処理小麦粉を用いることにより、本発明の技術的課題を解決し得ることを見出し本発明を完成するに至った。
【0007】
すなわち、本発明に係る湿熱処理小麦粉を得るためには、例えば一軸エクストルーダーを用いて原料小麦粉に40〜45重量%の加水を行い、バレル温度100〜110℃およびバレル内圧力4.9×105〜2.0×106 Paの条件下で処理することにより得ることができる。
【0008】
前記のように小麦粉を湿熱処理することによりα化度85%以上および粘度500B.U.以下、好ましくは400B.U.以下の性質を有する湿熱処理小麦粉を得ることができる。
【0009】
本発明に使用する小麦粉としては、薄力粉、中力粉、強力粉等の種々の小麦粉が挙げられる。
【0010】
本発明に係る湿熱処理小麦粉のα化度が85%未満であると製品のソフト感が損なわれ食感が硬くなり、また粘度が500B.U.を超えると製品がねばった食感となり好ましくない。
【0011】
本発明に係る湿熱処理小麦粉のα化度および粘度は下記の測定法により測定することができる。
【0012】
α化度の測定法
a)試薬
▲1▼ β−アミラーゼ:ダイズβ−アミラーゼ(例えば長瀬産業(株)製,粗酵素標品5IU/mg)を用いる。
▲2▼ プルラナーゼ:Aerobacter aerogenesの生産するプルラナーゼ(例えば林原生物化学研究所製,粗酵素標品2IU/mg)を用いる。
▲3▼ Somogyi-Nelson法およびフェノール−硫酸法の試薬
b)操作
試料80mgをガラスホモジナイザーにとり、これに8mLの純水を加え、10〜20回ガラスホモジナイザーを上下して分散を行う。この後、2mLずつを25mL容の2本のメスフラスコにとり、1本は0.8M酢酸緩衝液(pH6.0)で定容し、試料用サンプルとする。他の1本には0.2mLの10N NaOH溶液を加えて、50℃で3〜5分間温浴中で完全に糊化させる。その後、1mLの2N酢酸を加えて中和する。この後、0.8M酢酸緩衝液(pH6.0)を用いて 〜25mLに定容し、完全糊化試料とする。供試溶液4mLに対し、酵素液1mL(プルラナーゼ170mg、β−アミラーゼ17mgを0.8M酢酸緩衝液(pH6.0)100mLに溶解し、不溶性部分を濾去した。この溶液1mL中にはプルラナーゼ3.4IU、β−アミラーゼ0.8IUが含まれている)を加え、40℃、30分間振盪機付き恒温槽中で反応を行う。同時にブランク試験用として、4mLの基質と失活酵素1mLを加えた区分をつくる。
反応終了後、5分間沸騰浴中で酵素を失活させ、5倍に希釈した後に、その1mLでSomogyi-Nelson法による還元力を、0.5mLでフェノール硫酸法による全糖を測定する。
c)糊化度の計算方法
測定結果から糊化度は次式によって求める。
【0013】
【数1】

Figure 0004201499
【0014】
粘度の測定法
a)装置・器具
(1)ブラベンダー・アミログラフ(ビスコグラフ)
(2)デジタル天秤(0.1gまで測定可能なもの)
(3)450mL容ビューレット
(4)ヘラ
(5)ポリのビーカー
b)操作
(1)450mL容ビューレットにイオン交換水を満たす。
(2)記録ペンのキャップをはずし、ハンドホイルを回して、ペン先をグラフのゼロ点に合わせた後、おもりをペンアームの後部に掛けて、ペン先をチャートより浮かす。ペン先がかわかないようにキャップをつけておく。
(3)温度計照明用スイッチがONになっていることを確認する。切換レバーを0にして、温度設定用レバーを回して、温度計指針上端を25℃に合わせる。
(4)測定用フィラーを静かにはずし、持ち上げ用ハンドルを押し下げることにより、本体上部を押し上げ、ハンドルを左手でおさえたまま、右手で、さらに本体上部を右側いっぱいまで回す。
(5)試料をポリのビーカーで秤量する。
(イ)小麦粉・ミックス……65g
(ロ)デンプン類……………45g
(6)イオン交換水を、試料を秤量したポリのビーカーに300mL程度加え、ヘラで切るようにまぜ、懸濁液をつくる。これを測定容器に移し、残りのイオン交換水でポリのビーカー、ヘラを洗い測定容器に入れる。
(7)測定用フィラーを測定容器に入れる。
(8)左手でハンドルをおさえながら、右手で本件上部を正面に回し、測定用フィラーをカップリングに装置しながら静かに降ろす。
(9)測定用フィラーの止め金を、カップリングの奥まで完全に挿入する。
(10)切換レバーを「97℃」にセットする。
(11)ペンアームに掛けていたおもりをはずし、記録ペンのキャップをはずして、ペン先をチャートに降ろし、グラフのゼロ点と一致していることを確認する。
(12)タイムスイッチを45〜50分にセットし、メインスイッチをONにする。
(13)温度が92.5℃に達した切換レバーを0に戻し、グラフが最高粘度に達していることを確認した後、ペンアームにおもりを掛けペン先を上げる。メインスイッチを切る。ペン先にキャップをつけ終了する。
【0015】
本発明の湿熱処理小麦粉を用いてベーカリー製品および皮類のミックス類を調製する場合、ミックスに使用する小麦粉に対し湿熱処理小麦粉を1〜30重量%添加することが好ましい。この添加量が1重量%未満では、本発明の効果が得られず、一方30重量%を超えると生地のつながりが弱く成形しにくくなり製品のボリュームが出なくなる。
【0016】
本発明の湿熱処理小麦粉は、食パン、菓子パン、調理パン、フランスパン等のベーカリー製品あるいは饅頭の皮、中華まんの皮、餃子の皮、春巻の皮、焼売の皮等の皮類に用いられるミックス類に好適に用いられる。
【0017】
本発明のベーカリー製品および皮類のミックス類には前記湿熱処理小麦粉以外に使用目的により、例えば大豆粉などの穀粉類、砂糖、ぶどう糖などの糖類、油脂、粉乳、卵粉、膨剤、食塩、香辛料、調味料、香料等を適宜配合して用いることができる。
【0018】
【実施例】
次に本発明をさらに具体的に説明するために実施例を掲げて説明するが、本発明は以下の実施例のみに限定されるものではない。
【0019】
実施例1〜2,比較例1〜4
表1に示すミックス粉を用い、表2に示す製造条件で製パンを行った。得られた食パンを10名のパネラーで表3に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表1のとおりである。
【0020】
【表1】
Figure 0004201499
【0021】
【表2】
Figure 0004201499
【0022】
【表3】
Figure 0004201499
【0023】
実施例3〜5,比較例5〜7
表4に示すミックス粉を用い表5に示す配合および製造条件で餃子の皮を調製し、表6に示す配合で具を調製した。これらの餃子の皮および具を用いて1個20gの餃子を調製した。
得られた餃子を急速冷凍した。お湯に冷凍した餃子を入れて茹でた後、茹で湯を捨て、次いで油を入れて焼き上げた。焼き上げた餃子を10名のパネラーで表7に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表4のとおりである。
【0024】
【表4】
Figure 0004201499
【0025】
【表5】
Figure 0004201499
【0026】
【表6】
Figure 0004201499
【0027】
【表7】
Figure 0004201499
【0028】
実施例6〜7,比較例8〜11
表8に示すミックス粉を用い表9に示す配合および製造条件で酒饅頭を調製した。得られた酒饅頭を10名のパネラーで表10に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表8に示すとおりである。
【0029】
【表8】
Figure 0004201499
【0030】
【表9】
Figure 0004201499
【0031】
【表10】
Figure 0004201499
【0032】
実施例8,比較例12〜15
表11に示すミックス粉を用いた以外は実施例3と同様にして餃子を得た。得られた餃子を10名のパネラーで表12に示す評価基準に従って評価した。その評価結果を示せば表11のとおりである。
【0033】
【表11】
Figure 0004201499
【0034】
【表12】
Figure 0004201499
【0035】
試験例
表13に示すミックス粉を用いて実施例6と同様にして酒饅頭を得た。得られた酒饅頭を温度30℃および相対湿度70%の条件下で保存し青カビの発生する迄観察し、青カビの発生の前日迄の日数を保存日数とした。その試験結果を示せば表13のとおりである。
【0036】
【表13】
Figure 0004201499
【0037】
【発明の効果】
本発明の湿熱処理小麦粉をベーカリ製品および皮類のミックス類に使用すると小麦粉本来の風味を有し、澱粉臭や糊臭のないミックス類を得ることができる。また、特に本発明のミックス類を用いて調製した点心類は従来のものと比較してその保存性が飛躍的に向上する。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to wet-heat treated wheat flour and mixes using the same.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a mix of flour products, for example, a frozen product which is not thaw-hardened by a microwave oven in which 3 to 30% (by weight) of pregelatinized starch is added to wheat flour and other auxiliary materials are added and mixed as necessary. A food mix is known (see JP-A-8-66148). Moreover, in the mix for bakery products, a mix obtained by combining natural and / or modified waxy corn starch and pregelatinized starch is known as a starchy raw material as a main component (see JP-A-10-56946).
[0003]
Thus, conventionally, attempts have been made to change the physical properties of products by adding starches to flour products.
However, when starches are used, starch odor and paste odor are generated, and handling and other workability are poor.
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Accordingly, the present inventors have completed the present invention as a result of various studies on wheat flour products, particularly bakery products and skin products, which have no starchy odor or paste odor and are excellent in workability.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
That is, in the present invention , only 40 to 45% by weight of water is added to the raw wheat flour, and wet heat treatment is performed by pressure heating using a uniaxial extruder, and the degree of alpha conversion is 85 % or more and the viscosity is 500B. U. In a method for producing a mix for bakery products and skins, the wet-heat-treated wheat flour having the following properties is obtained, and the wet-heat treated wheat flour is added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight to the flour used in the mix. is there.
[0006]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Generally, when wheat flour is wet-heated to increase the degree of gelatinization, the viscosity becomes high, resulting in a paste-like property, and the original flavor of the flour is reduced, and the workability during mixing is also reduced.
As a result of various studies, the present inventors have found that the technical problem of the present invention can be solved by using wet heat-treated wheat flour having a specific degree of alpha and viscosity, and have completed the present invention.
[0007]
That is, in order to obtain the wet heat-treated flour according to the present invention, for example, 40 to 45% by weight of water is added to the raw material flour using a uniaxial extruder, and the barrel temperature is 100 to 110 ° C. and the pressure in the barrel is 4.9 × 10. It can be obtained by treatment under conditions of 5 to 2.0 × 10 6 Pa.
[0008]
As described above, the wheat flour is heat-treated by heat treatment to obtain a degree of alpha of 85% or more and a viscosity of 500 U. Hereinafter, preferably 400B. U. Wet heat-treated wheat flour having the following properties can be obtained.
[0009]
Examples of wheat flour used in the present invention include various flours such as thin flour, medium flour, and strong flour.
[0010]
When the degree of alpha conversion of the wet heat-treated wheat flour according to the present invention is less than 85%, the soft feeling of the product is impaired, the texture becomes hard, and the viscosity is 500B. U. Exceeding this is undesirable because the product has a sticky texture.
[0011]
The degree of pregelatinization and viscosity of the wet heat-treated wheat flour according to the present invention can be measured by the following measuring method.
[0012]
Method for measuring degree of α conversion a) Reagent {circle around (1)} β-amylase: Soybean β-amylase (eg, Nagase Sangyo Co., Ltd., crude enzyme preparation 5 IU / mg) is used.
(2) Pullulanase: A pullulanase produced by Aerobacter aerogenes (for example, crude enzyme preparation 2 IU / mg, manufactured by Hayashibara Biochemical Laboratories) is used.
(3) Reagents of Somogyi-Nelson method and phenol-sulfuric acid method b) Take 80 mg of the operation sample in a glass homogenizer, add 8 mL of pure water thereto, and disperse the glass homogenizer up and down 10-20 times. After that, take 2 mL each into two 25 mL volumetric flasks, and fix one volume with 0.8 M acetic acid buffer (pH 6.0) to make a sample sample. Add 0.2 mL of 10N NaOH solution to the other one and allow it to fully gelatinize in a warm bath at 50 ° C. for 3-5 minutes. Thereafter, 1 mL of 2N acetic acid is added to neutralize. Thereafter, the volume is adjusted to ˜25 mL using 0.8 M acetate buffer (pH 6.0) to obtain a completely gelatinized sample. To 4 mL of the test solution, 1 mL of enzyme solution (170 mg of pullulanase, 17 mg of β-amylase was dissolved in 100 mL of 0.8 M acetate buffer (pH 6.0), and the insoluble part was filtered off. 4 IU and β-amylase 0.8 IU are added), and the reaction is carried out in a thermostatic chamber equipped with a shaker at 40 ° C. for 30 minutes. At the same time, for the blank test, create a section with 4 mL of substrate and 1 mL of inactivated enzyme.
After completion of the reaction, the enzyme is inactivated in a boiling bath for 5 minutes, diluted 5 times, and 1 mL of the enzyme is measured for reducing power by the Somogyi-Nelson method, and 0.5 mL of total sugar is measured by the phenol-sulfuric acid method.
c) Method of calculating the degree of gelatinization The degree of gelatinization is obtained from the measurement result by the following equation.
[0013]
[Expression 1]
Figure 0004201499
[0014]
Viscosity measurement method a) Equipment and instruments (1) Brabender amylograph (Viscograph)
(2) Digital balance (measurable up to 0.1g)
(3) 450 mL burette (4) Spatula (5) Poly beaker b) Operation (1) Fill 450 mL burette with ion exchange water.
(2) Remove the cap of the recording pen and turn the handwheel to align the pen tip with the zero point of the graph, then hang a weight on the rear of the pen arm and lift the pen tip off the chart. Put a cap on the tip of the pen so that it does not change.
(3) Check that the thermometer illumination switch is ON. Set the switch lever to 0 and turn the temperature setting lever to set the upper end of the thermometer pointer to 25 ° C.
(4) Gently remove the measurement filler and push down the lifting handle to push up the upper part of the main unit, hold the handle with your left hand, and turn the upper part of the main unit to the right.
(5) The sample is weighed in a poly beaker.
(I) Wheat flour mix 65g
(B) Starch ………… 45g
(6) Add about 300 mL of ion-exchanged water to a poly beaker in which a sample is weighed and mix with a spatula to make a suspension. This is transferred to a measurement container, and the remaining beaked ion-exchanged water is used to wash a poly beaker and spatula into the measurement container.
(7) Put the filler for measurement into the measurement container.
(8) While holding the handle with the left hand, turn the upper part of the case to the front with the right hand and gently lower the measurement filler while installing it in the coupling.
(9) Insert the stopper of the measurement filler completely to the back of the coupling.
(10) Set the switch lever to “97 ° C”.
(11) Remove the weight hung on the pen arm, remove the cap of the recording pen, lower the pen tip onto the chart, and confirm that it matches the zero point of the graph.
(12) Set the time switch to 45-50 minutes and turn on the main switch.
(13) Return the switching lever whose temperature has reached 92.5 ° C. to 0, and after confirming that the graph has reached the maximum viscosity, put a weight on the pen arm and raise the pen tip. Turn off the main switch. Put the cap on the pen tip and finish.
[0015]
When preparing bakery products and peel mixes using the wet heat-treated wheat flour of the present invention, it is preferable to add 1 to 30% by weight of wet heat-treated wheat flour to the flour used in the mix. If the added amount is less than 1% by weight, the effect of the present invention cannot be obtained. On the other hand, if the added amount exceeds 30% by weight, the dough connection is weak and it is difficult to mold, and the volume of the product does not appear.
[0016]
The wet heat-treated flour of the present invention is a mix used for bakery products such as bread, confectionery bread, cooked bread, French bread, etc. or skins such as bun skin, Chinese bun skin, dumpling skin, spring roll skin, baked skin It is suitably used for
[0017]
The bakery product and the skin mix of the present invention include, for example, flours such as soybean flour, sugars such as sugar and glucose, fats and oils, powdered milk, egg powder, leavening agent, salt, Spices, seasonings, fragrances and the like can be appropriately blended and used.
[0018]
【Example】
Next, the present invention will be described in more detail with reference to examples. However, the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0019]
Examples 1-2, Comparative Examples 1-4
Using the mixed powder shown in Table 1, baking was performed under the production conditions shown in Table 2. The obtained bread was evaluated by 10 panelists according to the evaluation criteria shown in Table 3. The evaluation results are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004201499
[0021]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004201499
[0022]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004201499
[0023]
Examples 3-5, Comparative Examples 5-7
Using the mixed powder shown in Table 4, dumpling skins were prepared under the formulation and production conditions shown in Table 5, and ingredients were prepared with the formulation shown in Table 6. One 20 g of dumplings was prepared using these dumpling skins and utensils.
The obtained dumplings were snap frozen. Frozen dumplings were put in hot water and boiled, then the hot water was discarded with boiling, and then oil was added and baked. The baked dumplings were evaluated by 10 panelists according to the evaluation criteria shown in Table 7. The evaluation results are shown in Table 4.
[0024]
[Table 4]
Figure 0004201499
[0025]
[Table 5]
Figure 0004201499
[0026]
[Table 6]
Figure 0004201499
[0027]
[Table 7]
Figure 0004201499
[0028]
Examples 6-7, Comparative Examples 8-11
Sake buns were prepared using the mixed powder shown in Table 8 under the formulation and production conditions shown in Table 9. The obtained sake buns were evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Table 10 by 10 panelists. The evaluation results are as shown in Table 8.
[0029]
[Table 8]
Figure 0004201499
[0030]
[Table 9]
Figure 0004201499
[0031]
[Table 10]
Figure 0004201499
[0032]
Example 8, Comparative Examples 12-15
Dumplings were obtained in the same manner as in Example 3 except that the mixed powder shown in Table 11 was used. The obtained dumplings were evaluated according to the evaluation criteria shown in Table 12 by 10 panelists. The evaluation results are shown in Table 11.
[0033]
[Table 11]
Figure 0004201499
[0034]
[Table 12]
Figure 0004201499
[0035]
Test Example A sake bun was obtained in the same manner as in Example 6 using the mixed powder shown in Table 13. The obtained sake buns were stored under conditions of a temperature of 30 ° C. and a relative humidity of 70% and observed until the occurrence of blue mold. The number of days until the day before the occurrence of blue mold was defined as the number of storage days. The test results are shown in Table 13.
[0036]
[Table 13]
Figure 0004201499
[0037]
【The invention's effect】
When the wet heat-treated wheat flour of the present invention is used in bakery products and skin mixes, it is possible to obtain mixes having the original flavor of wheat flour and free of starchy odor and paste odor. In particular, the scents prepared using the mixes of the present invention are dramatically improved in storage stability as compared with conventional ones.

Claims (2)

原料小麦粉に、40〜45重量%の加水のみをし、一軸エクストルーダーを用いて加圧加熱による湿熱処理を行ない、α化度85%以上および粘度500B.U.以下の性質を有する湿熱処理小麦粉を得、この湿熱処理小麦粉を、ミックスに使用する小麦粉に対し、1〜30重量%添加することを特徴とする、ベーカリー製品用または皮類用ミックスの製造法 Only 40-45 wt% of water is added to the raw flour, and wet heat treatment is performed by pressure heating using a uniaxial extruder, and the degree of alpha conversion is 85 % or more and the viscosity is 500B. U. A method for producing a mix for a bakery product or a skin, wherein a wet heat-treated wheat flour having the following properties is obtained, and the wet heat-treated wheat flour is added in an amount of 1 to 30% by weight based on the flour used in the mix . 湿熱処理小麦粉の粘度が300〜400B.U.である、請求項1記載のベーカリー製品用または皮類用ミックスの製造法。 The wet-heat treated wheat flour has a viscosity of 300 to 400 B.p. U. The manufacturing method of the mix for bakery products or skins of Claim 1 which is these .
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JP2014050367A (en) * 2012-09-10 2014-03-20 Nippon Flour Mills Co Ltd Wheat flour for bread making and bread making method
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