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JP4212231B2 - Monochloramine remover - Google Patents
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JP4212231B2 - Monochloramine remover - Google Patents

Monochloramine remover Download PDF

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Publication number
JP4212231B2
JP4212231B2 JP2000354894A JP2000354894A JP4212231B2 JP 4212231 B2 JP4212231 B2 JP 4212231B2 JP 2000354894 A JP2000354894 A JP 2000354894A JP 2000354894 A JP2000354894 A JP 2000354894A JP 4212231 B2 JP4212231 B2 JP 4212231B2
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Japan
Prior art keywords
monochloramine
bran
rice bran
removal
rice
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
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JP2000354894A
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Japanese (ja)
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JP2002153888A (en
Inventor
昌子 足立
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Japan Science and Technology Agency
National Institute of Japan Science and Technology Agency
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Priority to JP2000354894A priority Critical patent/JP4212231B2/en
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明は、精米、精麦、製粉時に発生するぬか、ふすま類およびこれらの混合物を用いてモノクロラミンを除去することを特徴とするモノクロラミン除去剤に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
今まではモノクロラミンはアスコルビン酸により中和したり、活性炭を用いて除去することにより処理されていた。しかしながら、これらの処理は効率が悪いという問題点があった。
因みに、活性炭(粒子状活性炭)によるモノクロラミンの分解反応として、以下のような反応が提案されている(John D. Komorita and Vernon L Snoeyink,JOUNAL AWWA,62-64,JANUARY,1985)。
NH2Cl+H2O+C*→NH3+H++Cl-+CO*…(1)
2NH2Cl+CO*→N2+C*+2H+2Cl-+H2O…(2)
ここで、C*およびCO*は炭素および酸化カーボンの表面を代表する。
(1)は初期の反応であり、その後は両反応が平行して進行する。
該反応は、定常状態が存在する。すなわち、反応速度は徐々に減少する。
【0003】
現在水道水の消毒は塩素を導入することにより行われていることから、その際に塩素が水に溶けて遊離の残留塩素であるHClO、ClO-を生成する。水中にアンモニアやアミンが存在すると、該アンモニアやアミンは前記遊離残留塩素類と反応してモノクロラミンを生成する。また、下水処理水にはアンモニアが含まれているし、下水処理場では、塩素剤で消毒した後、公共用水域に放流する、該公共水域には必ずモノクロラミンが生成している。
一方、モノクロラミンはトリハロメタン類の生成を避けるために、公共給水において塩素に代替し得る消毒薬として考えられていた。
【0004】
しかし、近年、モノクロラミンの生物、特に淡水域や海水域の水生生物に対する毒性や溶血性貧血の発病原因物質として、多くの研究者により認識されるようになり(SCIENCE. VOL181463-462.AUGUST 1973:血液透析で治療で起こる溶血性貧血の原因物質など)、モノクロラミンを効率的に除去する手段の開発が検討されてきた。
【0005】
本発明者は、従来から環境に排出され、生物に悪影響を与える物資、例えば農薬、有機塩素化物などを、米ぬかなど穀類の精製時などに発生するものを用いて、吸着乃至化学的に除去することについて検討してき、その有用性について発表してきた。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の課題は、従来モノクロラミンの処理剤として用いられていたものより効率的に、かつ環境に優しい材料を用いて除去できるモノクロラミン除去システムを提供することである。
本発明者は、前記課題が解決すべく前記従来環境汚染物質などを吸着乃至分解除去するのに用いられていた米ぬか類を用いることを検討する中で、モノクロラミンが存在する水に米ぬか、小麦フスマなどを添加するとモノクロラミンに対しても、それを分解して取り除く作用効果があることを発見し、前記課題を解決することができた。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明の第1は、精米、精麦、製粉時に発生するぬか、ふすままたはこれらの混合物からなるモノクロラミンの除去剤である、好ましくは、フスマが小麦からのものであることを特徴とする前記モノクロラミンの除去剤である。
【0008】
本発明の第2は、モノクロラミン50mg/Lに対して8g/L〜10g/Lの精米、精麦、製粉時に発生するぬかおよび/またはふすまを供給してモノクロラミンを除去する方法である。
【0009】
【本発明の実施の態様】
本発明をより詳細に説明する。
A.本発明において、モノクロラミンを除去するのに用いられる精米、精麦、製粉時に発生するぬかおよび/またはふすま類は、そのまま用いても良いが、処理後の残留物の取扱を容易にするために、通水性の保持部材中に充填して使用するのが好ましい。
充填の形態は、従来活性炭などの処理剤において用いられているものを採用することができる。
B,米ぬかおよび小麦フスマをモノクロラミンを含む水に加え、そこから生成する化学種を分析(Mohr‘s法)したところ塩素イオンが検出されたことから、ぬかやふすまによるモノクロラミンを除去する機構は、前記活性炭を用いた場合と同様の課程で進行しているものと推測できる。
【0010】
【実施例】
実施例1
モノクロラミンを50mg/L含む水中に、米ぬかを10g/Lとなるように添加し、15分、30分、60分および90分経過におけるモノクロラミンの濃度を測定し、モノクロラミンの除去効率を調べた。米ぬかを用いた場合90分後にほぼ100%モノクロラミンが除去されていた。
これと同様にして、活性炭として、粉末状のものを用いた場合と、粒子状のものを用いた場合と比較した。
結果を図1に示す。□は、米ぬかを用いた場合、■は、粉末状活性炭を用いた場合、○は、粒子状活性炭を用いた場合を示す。
【0011】
実施例2
モノクロラミンを50mg/L含む水中に、米ぬかを10g/Lとなるように添加し、水のpHを変えた場合の90分経過における残留モノクロラミンの濃度を測定し、
モノクロラミンを米ぬかを用いて除去する際の、pHの影響を調べた。
結果を図2に示す。pH10まではpHの影響がないことが分かる。したがって、水処理剤として十分利用可能であることが分かる。
【0012】
実施例3
モノクロラミンを50mg/L含む水中に、米ぬかを10g/Lとなるように添加した場合のモノクロラミンの除去効率を調べた。90分後にほぼ100モノクロラミンが除去されることが分かった(図3)したがって米ぬかの使用量はモノクロラミンの濃度との関連で適宜の濃度を選択すればよいことが分かる。
【0013】
実施例4
モノクロラミンを50mg/L含む水中に種々の濃度で米ぬかを添加し、90分後モノクロラミンの除去効率を調べた。その結果を図4に示す。
【0014】
実施例5
下水処理場からのモノクロラミン排出量の変動に対する、米ぬかによるモノクロラミン除去の効果について、米ぬかを1g/L、処理時間90分を固定して調べた。
排出量0.22mg/L〜0.46mg/Lの範囲で安定していることが理解される(図5)。
【0015】
実施例6
小麦フスマを用いる以外は実施例1の条件を用いて、モノクロラミンの除去の特性を調べた。米ぬかとほぼ同様(やや良い)の特性を示すことが分かった(図6)。
【0016】
【発明の効果】
以上述べたように、本発明は、精米、精麦時に大量に発生する副生物である天然物であるぬかやふすまを、モノクロラミンを含む水、特に下水処理場から排出される水の処理剤として提供するものであり、環境に優しいモノクロラミン除去剤を提供するという優れた効果がもたらされる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 米ぬか(□)および活性炭(粉末■、粒子状○)によるモノクロラミンの除去特性
【図2】 米ぬかによるモノクロラミンの除去特性に及ぼすpHの影響
【図3】 米ぬかによるモノクロラミンの除去に及ぼす米ぬか濃度の影響
【図4】 米ぬかの濃度とモノクロラミン除去特性との相関
【図5】 下水処理場からのモノクロラミン排出量の変動に対する、米ぬかによるモノクロラミン除去の安定性
【図6】 小麦フスマ(□)および活性炭(粉末■、粒子状◇)によるモノクロラミンの除去特性
[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a monochloramine removing agent characterized by removing monochloramine using polished rice, polished wheat, bran generated during milling, bran and mixtures thereof.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Until now, monochloramine has been treated by neutralization with ascorbic acid or removal using activated carbon. However, there is a problem that these processes are inefficient.
Incidentally, the following reaction has been proposed as a decomposition reaction of monochloramine by activated carbon (particulate activated carbon) (John D. Komorita and Vernon L Snoeyink, JOUNAL AWWA, 62-64, JANUARY, 1985).
NH 2 Cl + H 2 O + C * → NH 3 + H + + Cl + CO * (1)
2NH 2 Cl + CO * → N 2 + C * + 2H + 2Cl + H 2 O (2)
Here, C * and CO * represent the surfaces of carbon and oxidized carbon.
(1) is the initial reaction, and thereafter both reactions proceed in parallel.
The reaction has a steady state. That is, the reaction rate gradually decreases.
[0003]
At present, tap water is disinfected by introducing chlorine. At that time, chlorine dissolves in water to generate free residual chlorine such as HClO and ClO . When ammonia or amine is present in water, the ammonia or amine reacts with the free residual chlorines to produce monochloramine. In addition, ammonia is contained in the sewage treatment water, and in the sewage treatment plant, after disinfection with a chlorinating agent, it is discharged into a public water area. Monochloramine is always generated in the public water area.
On the other hand, monochloramine has been considered as a disinfectant that can replace chlorine in public water supply to avoid the formation of trihalomethanes.
[0004]
However, in recent years, many researchers have recognized it as a causative agent of the toxicity of monochloramines to organisms, especially aquatic organisms in freshwater and seawater and hemolytic anemia (SCIENCE. VOL181463-462.AUGUST 1973 : A causative agent of hemolytic anemia caused by hemodialysis treatment), and development of a means for efficiently removing monochloramine has been studied.
[0005]
The present inventor adsorbs or chemically removes substances that have been conventionally discharged into the environment and have an adverse effect on living organisms, for example, agricultural chemicals, organic chlorinated substances, etc., generated during the purification of cereals such as rice bran. I have been discussing this and have announced its usefulness.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
An object of the present invention is to provide a monochloramine removal system that can be removed more efficiently and using environmentally friendly materials than those conventionally used as monochloramine treatment agents.
In order to solve the above problems, the present inventor considered using rice bran that has been used for adsorbing or decomposing and removing the environmental pollutants and the like. It was found that the addition of bran or the like has the effect of decomposing and removing monochloramine, and the problem described above could be solved.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
A first aspect of the present invention is a monochloramine removal agent comprising milled rice, polished wheat, bran, bran or a mixture thereof generated during milling. Preferably, the bran is from wheat. A lamin remover.
[0008]
The second aspect of the present invention is a method for removing monochloramine by supplying 8 g / L to 10 g / L of polished rice, wheat, bran and / or bran generated during milling for 50 mg / L of monochloramine.
[0009]
[Embodiments of the present invention]
The present invention will be described in more detail.
A. In the present invention, milled rice, wheat, used in removing monochloramine, bran and / or bran generated during milling may be used as they are, but in order to facilitate handling of the residue after treatment, It is preferable to fill and use the water-permeable holding member.
As the form of filling, those conventionally used in treatment agents such as activated carbon can be adopted.
B, adding rice bran and wheat bran to water containing monochloramine, and analyzing the chemical species generated from it (Mohr's method). Chlorine ions were detected, so the mechanism to remove monochloramine from bran and bran Can be presumed to be proceeding in the same process as in the case of using the activated carbon.
[0010]
【Example】
Example 1
Add rice bran to 10 g / L in water containing 50 mg / L of monochloramine, measure the concentration of monochloramine at 15 minutes, 30 minutes, 60 minutes and 90 minutes, and investigate the removal efficiency of monochloramine It was. When rice bran was used, almost 100% monochloramine was removed after 90 minutes.
In the same manner as this, the activated carbon was compared with the case of using a powdered one and the case of using a particulate one.
The results are shown in FIG. □ indicates when rice bran is used, ■ indicates when powdered activated carbon is used, and ◯ indicates when particulate activated carbon is used.
[0011]
Example 2
Add rice bran to 10 g / L in water containing 50 mg / L of monochloramine, and measure the concentration of residual monochloramine after 90 minutes when the pH of the water is changed.
The effect of pH when removing monochloramine using rice bran was examined.
The results are shown in FIG. It can be seen that there is no effect of pH up to pH 10. Therefore, it turns out that it can fully utilize as a water treatment agent.
[0012]
Example 3
The removal efficiency of monochloramine when adding rice bran to 10 g / L in water containing 50 mg / L of monochloramine was examined. It was found that almost 100 monochloramine was removed after 90 minutes (FIG. 3). Therefore, it can be seen that the amount of rice bran used should be selected appropriately in relation to the concentration of monochloramine.
[0013]
Example 4
Rice bran was added at various concentrations in water containing 50 mg / L of monochloramine, and after 90 minutes, the monochloramine removal efficiency was examined. The result is shown in FIG.
[0014]
Example 5
The effect of monochloramine removal by rice bran on the fluctuation of monochloramine emission from the sewage treatment plant was investigated by fixing rice bran 1 g / L and treating time 90 minutes.
It is understood that the discharge amount is stable in the range of 0.22 mg / L to 0.46 mg / L (FIG. 5).
[0015]
Example 6
Using the conditions of Example 1 except that wheat bran was used, the monochloramine removal characteristics were examined. It was found that the rice bran shows almost the same (slightly good) characteristics as rice bran (Fig. 6).
[0016]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the present invention uses rice bran and bran, which are natural products that are produced as a by-product during milling and milling, as a treatment agent for water containing monochloramine, particularly water discharged from sewage treatment plants. This provides an excellent effect of providing an environmentally friendly monochloramine remover.
[Brief description of the drawings]
[Fig. 1] Removal characteristics of monochloramine by rice bran (□) and activated carbon (powder ■, particulate ○) [Fig. 2] Effect of pH on removal properties of monochloramine by rice bran [Fig. 3] Removal of monochloramine by rice bran Of Fig. 4 Correlation between concentration of rice bran and removal characteristics of monochloramine [Fig. 5] Stability of monochloramine removal by rice bran against fluctuation of monochloramine release from sewage treatment plants [Fig. 6] Removal characteristics of monochloramine by wheat bran (□) and activated carbon (powder ■, particulate ◇)

Claims (3)

精米、精麦、製粉時に発生するぬか、ふすまおよびこれらの混合物からなるモノクロラミン(monochloramine)の除去剤。A monochloramine remover consisting of milled rice, barley, bran, bran and a mixture of these. フスマが小麦からのものであることを特徴とする請求項1に記載のモノクロラミンの除去剤。The monochloramine remover according to claim 1, wherein the bran is from wheat. モノクロラミン50mg/Lに対して8g/L〜10g/Lの精米、精麦、製粉時に発生するぬかおよび/またはふすまを供給してモノクロラミンを除去する方法。A method for removing monochloramine by supplying 8 g / L to 10 g / L of polished rice, wheat, bran and / or bran generated during milling for 50 mg / L of monochloramine.
JP2000354894A 2000-11-21 2000-11-21 Monochloramine remover Expired - Fee Related JP4212231B2 (en)

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JP4212231B2 true JP4212231B2 (en) 2009-01-21

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JP6222651B2 (en) * 2013-06-27 2017-11-01 住友金属鉱山エンジニアリング株式会社 Method and apparatus for measuring oxidized nitrogen concentration

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