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JP4213370B2 - Method for producing annealed wire rod for cold working - Google Patents
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JP4213370B2 - Method for producing annealed wire rod for cold working - Google Patents

Method for producing annealed wire rod for cold working Download PDF

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JP4213370B2
JP4213370B2 JP2001258353A JP2001258353A JP4213370B2 JP 4213370 B2 JP4213370 B2 JP 4213370B2 JP 2001258353 A JP2001258353 A JP 2001258353A JP 2001258353 A JP2001258353 A JP 2001258353A JP 4213370 B2 JP4213370 B2 JP 4213370B2
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wire
cold
cold working
annealed
die
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JP2003073735A (en
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弘昭 中里
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Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd
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Sanyo Special Steel Co Ltd
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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
機械構造用炭素鋼、機械構造用合金鋼、高炭素クロム軸受鋼等の冷間加工用焼きなまし線材の製造に関する。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
従来、冷間加工用線材の製造方法としては、(1)鋼素材を熱間圧延により線材に圧延し、得られた線材を焼きなまし、焼きなました線材をさらに冷間引抜きにより伸線し、得られた線材を検査して、冷間加工用の線材とする。あるいは、(2)鋼素材を熱間圧延により線材に圧延し、得られた線材を焼きなまし、焼きなました線材を巻き直し、検査し、冷間加工用とする。なお、上記の方法おいて、それぞれの工程の準備処理工程である酸洗、ショットブラスト、脱脂処理等は省略している。
【0003】
ところで、冷間加工用線材は寸法精度が要求されるため、これまでは専ら(1)の方法により製造された線材が使用されていたが、最近では圧延材の寸法精度が向上したことにより、(2)の方法により製造した線材の使用が増大してきている。しかし、これらの従来の製造方法にあつては、以下の問題点がある。すなわち、(1)の方法の場合、焼きなまし後の冷間引抜加工により製品の硬さが焼なまし状態よりも増大する。この硬さの増大により、ユーザーサイドで冷間加工する際の金型の寿命の低下をもたらしている。例えば、高炭素クロム軸受鋼の場合、製品硬さは焼なまし硬さ:87HRB程度よりも5〜10ポイント強高くなる。(2)の方法の場合、焼きなまし時の応力の解放、自重の影響等により線材が変形し、小曲り等が発生している。この小曲りの発生により、ユーザーサイドにて線材を冷間加工機に供給される際、この曲った箇所がガイド等に引っ掛かったり、線材同士がもつれたりするため、線材を冷間加工機に良好に供給することができない場合が多い。そのため、応急的な対策として焼きなまし後に、上記の方法における「巻き直し」と称する矯正を行って曲りを直している場合が多い。しかし、この場合「巻き直し」という冷間塑性加工の影響により製品の硬さが焼きなまし状態よりも、例えば3〜6ポイント高くなり、(1)の方法の場合と同様にユーザーサイドで冷間加工する際の金型寿命の低下をもたらしている。
【0004】
そこで、冷間加工用の線材として冷間加工用金型の寿命向上と冷間加工機への良好な供給性を兼ね備えた線材、すなわち外観形状に優れ、かつ、加工硬化していない焼きなまし線材の開発が求められている。
【0005】
現在、冷間加工用の線材についての上記のニーズへのアプローチとして、圧延寸法精度を良くすること等により、焼きなまし後の冷間引抜の省略を図った例が、特開平11−279695号公報、特開2000−212691公報に開示され、圧延寸法精度を良くすることにより焼きなまし後の冷間引抜加工率の低減を図った例が特開平09−78128号公報に開示され、線材外観形状を改良するための線材結束装置の例が特開昭62−167182号公報に開示され、圧延線材の外観形状を改善するための巻き取り装置の例が特開昭63−154215号公報に開示されている。しかし、焼きなまし状態で良好な外観を有する線材の製造方法の開発について言及したものは見当たらない。さらに熱間圧延後の冷却条件の検討により冷間引抜加工前の焼きなましを省略し、冷間引抜加工性の向上を図った例として特許第2926195号があるが、これも冷間加工用の線材として冷間加工用金型の寿命向上と冷間加工機への良好な供給性を兼ね備えた線材、すなわち外観形状に優れ、かつ、加工硬化していない焼きなまし線材にかかるものではない。
【0006】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明が解決しようとする課題は、上記のニーズに応えるものであり、冷間加工用の線材として冷間加工用金型の寿命向上と冷間加工機への良好な供給性を兼ね備えた線材、すなわち外観形状に優れ、かつ、加工硬化していない焼きなまし線材を製造する方法を提供することである。
【0007】
【課題を解決するための手段】
上記の課題を解決するための本発明の手段は、請求項1の発明では、高炭素クロム軸受鋼からなる鋼素材を熱間圧延により冷間引抜用母線に圧延し、この冷間引抜用母線を引抜ダイスに通して冷間引抜きして冷間引抜線材とし、次いでこの冷間引抜線材を焼きなまし、得られた線材を検査して、冷間加工用の線材とするにあたり、前記冷間引抜用母線は、その寸法公差が±0.15mm以下、その偏径差が70%以下であり、前記冷間引抜きは、その引抜減面率が7〜33%であり、前記引抜ダイスは、そのダイス半角の角度θが5〜35°であることを特徴とする冷間加工用焼きなまし線材の製造方法。
【0008】
本発明の手段の作用について説明する。
冷間引抜用母線(圧延材 或いは圧延・酸洗材等)の寸法公差を±0.15mm以下、偏径値を70%以下とする理由は、寸法公差および偏径値が上記よりも大きいと、冷間引抜時均一な塑性加工を施すことができなくなる。
【0009】
引抜減面率を7〜33%とする理由は、引抜減面率が7%よりも小さいと、均一な塑性加工を施すことができなくなり、また十分な大きさの均一な歪みを付加することができなくなる。また、引抜減面率が33%よりも大きいと、冷間引抜時断線、内部欠陥の発生等が生じ易くなるため、上限は33%とする。ただし、引抜減面率は、[1−(引抜仕上げ寸法+/母線寸法)2]×100%であり、母線寸法は、[同一断面における径の(最大値+最小値)/2]で、定義する。
【0010】
引抜ダイス形状としてダイス半角θを5〜35度とする理由は、図1に示すダイス半角θにおいて、ダイス半角θが5度よりも小さいと、所定の減面率を線材に付加する上でダイス長の大きいダイスが必要になる。しかし、設備の制限およびダイスコストの点から下限は5度とする。ダイス半角角度が35度よりも大きいと、線材外表面にのみ大きな歪みが加わることになるため、均一な歪みを付加することが困難になるので、さらに、引抜加工時に断線、内部欠陥が発生しやすくなるので、上限を35度とする。
【0011】
なお、本発明の方法は、線材圧延時の加熱条件、圧延条件及び焼きなまし条件等について規定するものではない。すなわち、これらについては冷間加工用線材の各ユーザーの仕様を満たす従来線材における良好な製品品質を満たすものであれは特別な変更を要することなく、それらの線材圧延時の加熱条件、圧延条件及び焼きなまし条件等を適用できる。
【0012】
本発明の手段が適用できる鋼種を挙げると、高炭素クロム軸受鋼、例えばJIS G 4805にて規定される高炭素クロム軸受鋼からなる鋼材である。
【0013】
【発明の実施の形態】
以下に本発明の実施の形態を下記の実施例を通じて説明する。JIS G 4805のSUJ2鋼である高炭素クロム軸受鋼からなる鋼素材を用いて、熱間圧延により冷間引抜用母線に圧延する。この冷間引抜用母線を引抜ダイスに通して冷間引抜きして冷間引抜線材とする。次いで、この冷間引抜線材を焼きなましして得られた線材は検査工程を経て冷間加工用線材となる。上記工程の冷間引抜きした後に焼きなましする本発明の請求項1の手段を満足する方法を開発方法としてNo.1〜3とし、一方、本発明の請求項1の手段を満足しない方法を比較方法としてNo.4〜7とし、上記の従来の技術において(1)、(2)として示した従来方法を、それぞれ従来法(1)、従来法(2)として、No.8およびNo.9として表1に示し、それぞれの母線寸法、母線偏径差、引抜減面率、ダイス半角、硬さおよび焼きなまし線材の形状を示し、さらに、備考で、線材の必要な注釈を附して、表1に示し、これを次の実施例とする。
【0014】
【実施例】
【0015】
表1において、焼きなまし線材の形状※は、図2の(a)、(b)を参照して説明すると、(a)に示すように焼きなまし線材が角度ηの小曲がり(キンク)を生じ、角度ηが10度以上であれば×と表示する。また、(b)に示すように焼きなまし線材が自重により変形して、3mm以上のダレによる落ち込みが生じると×と表示する。
【0016】
【表1】

Figure 0004213370
【0017】
表1に示すように、No.1〜3の本発明の開発方法では、焼きなまし線材の形状はすべて○であり、硬さは焼きなまし状態の86〜87HRBであり、冷間加工用線材として極めて適切な線材が得られた。これに対し、No.4〜7の比較方法では、焼きなまし線材の形状はすべて×である。硬さは焼きなまし状態の86〜88HRBであったが、No.4は母線寸法および母線偏径差が本発明を満足せず、No.5は母線偏径差が本発明を満足せず、いずれも焼きなまし線材に小曲がりを生じ、冷間加工用線材として不適切である。さらにNo.6は引抜減面率およびダイス半角が本発明を満足せず、焼きなまし線材にダレ、内部欠陥を生じ、冷間加工用線材として不適切である。No.7は引抜減面率が本発明を満足せず、焼きなまし線材に内部欠陥を生じ、冷間加工用線材として不適切である。No.8の従来法(1)は硬さが97HRBと硬く、冷間加工用線材として不適切である。No.9の従来法(2)は焼きなまし線材の形状が××であり、そのままではユーザーでの使用において加工機への供給が良好にできない場合が多いため、応急的な対策として「巻き直し」を施すが、「巻き直し」により硬さが92HRBレベルに硬くなり、冷間加工用線材として不適切である。
【0018】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明の製造方法で製造した焼きなまし線材は、焼きなまし後の外観形状が良好で、従来方法において必要な「巻き直し」工程を不要とし、「巻き直し」工程が不要なため本来の焼きなまし硬さが引抜線材の状態に確保されている。従って、冷間加工用線材とするとき、優れた冷間加工性が確保される。すなわち、線材圧延後、所定の条件を満たした冷間引抜を実施することにより、線材に均一な方向の塑性加工による歪みを付加することができ、これによりその後の焼きなまし時の均一な応力の解放がなされ、線の曲り、だれの発生、その他自重による部分的な落ち込み等を抑えることができる。その結果、冷間加工用金型の寿命の向上と、冷間加工機への良好な供給性を兼ね備えた曲がりのない線材の製造が可能である。そして従来の線材での焼きなまし時の曲りの原因である線材圧延後の冷却むら、結束等により発生した部分的な応力の影響は、所定の条件を満たした冷間引抜の影響よりも充分小さくなり、無視できるようになる。以上のように、本発明の製造方法は従来にない優れた効果を奏するものである。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図1】 ダイス半角θを説明する線材とダイスの模式図である。
【図2】 (a)で焼きなまし線材の小曲がりηを説明し、(b)で焼きなまし線材のダレを説明する模式図である。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to the manufacture of annealed wires for cold working such as carbon steel for machine structure, alloy steel for machine structure, and high carbon chromium bearing steel.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a manufacturing method of a wire for cold working, (1) a steel material is rolled into a wire by hot rolling, the obtained wire is annealed, and the annealed wire is further drawn by cold drawing. The wire rod is inspected to obtain a wire rod for cold working. Alternatively, (2) a steel material is rolled into a wire by hot rolling, the obtained wire is annealed, the annealed wire is rewound, inspected, and used for cold working. In the above method, pickling, shot blasting, degreasing, and the like, which are preparation processing steps of the respective steps, are omitted.
[0003]
By the way, since the wire rod for cold working is required to have dimensional accuracy, until now, the wire rod manufactured exclusively by the method (1) has been used, but recently, the dimensional accuracy of the rolled material has been improved. The use of the wire manufactured by the method (2) is increasing. However, these conventional manufacturing methods have the following problems. That is, in the case of the method (1), the hardness of the product is increased more than that in the annealed state by cold drawing after annealing. This increase in hardness brings about a reduction in the life of the mold when cold working on the user side. For example, in the case of high carbon chromium bearing steel, the product hardness is 5 to 10 points higher than the annealing hardness: about 87 HRB. In the case of the method (2), the wire is deformed due to the release of stress during annealing, the influence of its own weight, etc., and a small bend occurs. Due to the occurrence of this small bend, when the wire is supplied to the cold working machine on the user side, the bent portion is caught by the guide or the wire is entangled, so the wire is good for the cold working machine In many cases, it cannot be supplied. For this reason, as an emergency measure, after annealing, correction is often performed by performing correction called “rewinding” in the above method. However, in this case, the hardness of the product becomes, for example, 3 to 6 points higher than the annealed state due to the influence of the cold plastic working called “rewinding”, and the cold working on the user side as in the case of the method (1). This leads to a reduction in the mold life.
[0004]
Therefore, as a wire rod for cold working, a wire rod that combines the improvement of the life of a cold working die and good supply to a cold working machine, that is, an annealed wire rod that has an excellent external shape and is not work hardened. Development is required.
[0005]
Currently, as an approach to the above-mentioned needs for the wire rod for cold working, an example in which cold drawing after annealing is omitted by improving rolling dimension accuracy is disclosed in JP-A-11-279695, Patent disclosed in 2000-212691 discloses an example in which thereby reducing the cold drawing rate after annealing by improving the rolling dimensional accuracy is disclosed in JP-a-09-78128, improved wire external shape An example of a wire bundling apparatus for performing the above is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 62-167182, and an example of a winding device for improving the external shape of a rolled wire is disclosed in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 63-154215. . However, there is no mention of development of a method for producing a wire having a good appearance in the annealed state. Furthermore, there is Patent No. 2926195 as an example in which the annealing before the cold drawing process is omitted by examining the cooling conditions after the hot rolling and the cold drawing processability is improved, but this is also a wire rod for cold working However, it does not apply to a wire rod that has an improved life of a cold working die and a good supply property to a cold working machine, that is, an annealed wire rod that has an excellent external shape and is not work hardened.
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The problem to be solved by the present invention is to meet the above-mentioned needs, and as a wire material for cold working, the wire material has both improved life of a cold working mold and good supply to a cold working machine. That is, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing an annealed wire that is excellent in external shape and is not work hardened.
[0007]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The means of the present invention for solving the above-mentioned problems is that, in the invention of claim 1, a steel material made of high carbon chromium bearing steel is rolled into a cold drawing bus by hot rolling, and this cold drawing bus Cold drawing through a drawing die to make a cold drawn wire, then annealing the cold drawn wire, and inspecting the obtained wire to make a wire for cold working, for the cold drawing The bus bar has a dimensional tolerance of ± 0.15 mm or less and a deviation in diameter of 70% or less. The cold drawing has a drawing area reduction rate of 7 to 33%, and the drawing die has its die. A method for producing an annealed wire for cold working, wherein the half-angle θ is 5 to 35 °.
[0008]
The operation of the means of the present invention will be described.
The reason why the dimensional tolerance of the cold drawn bus (rolled material or rolled / pickled material, etc.) is ± 0.15 mm or less and the deviation value is 70% or less is that the dimensional tolerance and deviation value are larger than the above. It becomes impossible to perform uniform plastic working during cold drawing.
[0009]
The reason why the drawing area reduction ratio is 7 to 33% is that when the drawing area reduction ratio is less than 7%, uniform plastic working cannot be performed, and a sufficiently large uniform distortion is added. Can not be. Further, if the drawing area reduction ratio is larger than 33%, disconnection during cold drawing, generation of internal defects, etc. are likely to occur, so the upper limit is made 33%. However, the drawing area reduction ratio is [1- (drawing finish dimension + / busbar dimension) 2 ] × 100%, and the busbar dimension is [(maximum value + minimum value / 2) of the diameter in the same cross section] Define.
[0010]
The reason why the die half angle θ is set to 5 to 35 degrees as the drawing die shape is that when the die half angle θ shown in FIG. 1 is smaller than 5 degrees, the die is used to add a predetermined area reduction rate to the wire. A long die is required. However, the lower limit is set to 5 degrees in terms of equipment limitations and die costs. If the die half angle is greater than 35 degrees, a large strain will be applied only to the outer surface of the wire, making it difficult to apply a uniform strain. In addition, disconnection and internal defects may occur during drawing. Since it becomes easy, the upper limit is set to 35 degrees.
[0011]
In addition, the method of this invention does not prescribe | regulate the heating conditions, rolling conditions, annealing conditions, etc. at the time of wire rolling. That is, for these, those that satisfy the good product quality of the conventional wire that satisfies the specifications of each user of the wire for cold working do not require any special changes, and the heating conditions, rolling conditions, and Annealing conditions can be applied.
[0012]
The steel types to which the means of the present invention can be applied are steel materials made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, for example , high carbon chromium bearing steel defined in JIS G 4805.
[0013]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below through the following examples. Using a steel material made of high carbon chromium bearing steel, which is JIS G 4805 SUJ2 steel, it is rolled into a cold drawing bus bar by hot rolling. This cold drawing bus is passed through a drawing die to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn wire. Next, the wire obtained by annealing the cold drawn wire becomes an cold working wire through an inspection process. As a development method , a method satisfying the means of claim 1 of the present invention in which annealing is performed after cold drawing in the above-described process is No. No. 1 to No. 3 and a method that does not satisfy the means of claim 1 of the present invention as a comparative method. 4 to 7, and the conventional methods indicated as (1) and (2) in the above-described conventional technique are referred to as conventional method (1) and conventional method (2), respectively. 8 and no. No. 9 is shown in Table 1 and shows each bus bar size, bus bar diameter difference, drawing area reduction ratio, die half angle, hardness, and shape of the annealed wire. Table 1 shows this as the next example.
[0014]
【Example】
[0015]
In Table 1, the shape * of the annealed wire is described with reference to FIGS. 2A and 2B. As shown in FIG. 2A, the annealed wire causes a small bend (kink) of an angle η as shown in FIG. If η is 10 degrees or more, x is displayed. Further, as shown in (b), when the annealed wire is deformed by its own weight and a drop due to sagging of 3 mm or more occurs, x is displayed.
[0016]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004213370
[0017]
As shown in Table 1, no. In the development methods 1 to 3 of the present invention, the shape of the annealed wire was all ◯, and the hardness was 86 to 87 HRB in the annealed state, and a very suitable wire was obtained as a wire for cold working. In contrast, no. In the comparison methods 4 to 7, the shapes of the annealed wires are all x. The hardness was 86-88HRB in the annealed state. No. 4 does not satisfy the present invention in terms of the bus dimension and the difference in bus eccentric diameter. No. 5 does not satisfy the present invention in terms of the deviation of the bus bar diameter, and any of them produces a small bend in the annealed wire and is inappropriate as a wire for cold working. Furthermore, no. No. 6 does not satisfy the present invention in terms of the drawing area reduction ratio and the half angle of the die, and causes the sagging and internal defects in the annealed wire, making it unsuitable as a wire for cold working. No. In No. 7, the drawing area reduction ratio does not satisfy the present invention, an internal defect occurs in the annealed wire, and it is inappropriate as a wire for cold working. No. The conventional method (1) No. 8 has a hardness as hard as 97 HRB and is inappropriate as a wire for cold working. No. In the conventional method (2) of No. 9, the shape of the annealed wire is xx, and if it is used as it is, there are many cases where the supply to the processing machine cannot be satisfactorily performed by the user. However, “rewinding” increases the hardness to 92 HRB level, which is inappropriate as a wire for cold working.
[0018]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, the annealed wire manufactured by the manufacturing method of the present invention has a good appearance after annealing, eliminates the “rewinding” step required in the conventional method, and eliminates the “rewinding” step. The original annealing hardness is ensured in the state of the drawn wire. Therefore, when it is set as the wire for cold processing, the outstanding cold workability is ensured. In other words, after wire rod rolling, by performing cold drawing that satisfies a predetermined condition, strain due to plastic working in a uniform direction can be added to the wire rod, thereby releasing uniform stress during subsequent annealing. It is possible to suppress the bending of the line, the occurrence of anyone, the partial drop due to its own weight, and the like. As a result, it is possible to produce an unbent wire rod having both an improved life of the cold working mold and a good supply property to the cold working machine. And the influence of partial stress generated by cooling unevenness after wire rod rolling, bundling, etc., which is the cause of bending at the time of annealing with conventional wire rods, is much smaller than the effect of cold drawing that satisfies the predetermined conditions. Can be ignored. As described above, the production method of the present invention has an excellent effect that has not been achieved in the past.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a wire and a die for explaining a die half angle θ.
FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining a small bend η of an annealed wire in (a) and explaining a sagging of the annealed wire in (b).

Claims (1)

高炭素クロム軸受鋼からなる鋼素材を熱間圧延により冷間引抜用母線に圧延し、この冷間引抜用母線を引抜ダイスに通して冷間引抜きして冷間引抜線材とし、次いでこの冷間引抜線材を焼きなまし、得られた線材を検査して、冷間加工用の線材とするにあたり、前記冷間引抜用母線は、その寸法公差が±0.15mm以下、その偏径差が70%以下であり、前記冷間引抜きは、その引抜減面率が7〜33%であり、前記引抜ダイスは、そのダイス半角の角度θが5〜35°であることを特徴とする冷間加工用焼きなまし線材の製造方法。A steel material made of high carbon chrome bearing steel is rolled into a cold drawing bus bar by hot rolling, and the cold drawing bus bar is passed through a drawing die to be cold drawn to obtain a cold drawn wire rod. When the drawn wire is annealed, and the obtained wire is inspected to obtain a wire for cold working, the cold drawn bus has a dimensional tolerance of ± 0.15 mm or less and a deviation in diameter of 70% or less. The cold drawing annealing is characterized in that the drawing area reduction is 7 to 33%, and the drawing die has an angle θ of the die half angle of 5 to 35 °. A manufacturing method of a wire.
JP2001258353A 2001-08-28 2001-08-28 Method for producing annealed wire rod for cold working Expired - Fee Related JP4213370B2 (en)

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CN112296116A (en) * 2020-09-17 2021-02-02 江苏华久辐条制造有限公司 Manufacturing process of high-strength spoke

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CN104994984B (en) * 2013-09-09 2017-06-23 住友电气工业株式会社 Electrode wire for wire electrical discharge machining and manufacturing method thereof
JP6286540B2 (en) * 2014-06-11 2018-02-28 新日鐵住金ステンレス株式会社 High-strength duplex stainless steel wire, high-strength duplex stainless steel wire and its manufacturing method, and spring parts

Cited By (1)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN112296116A (en) * 2020-09-17 2021-02-02 江苏华久辐条制造有限公司 Manufacturing process of high-strength spoke

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