JP4228166B2 - Seamless copper alloy tube with excellent fatigue strength - Google Patents
Seamless copper alloy tube with excellent fatigue strength Download PDFInfo
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- JP4228166B2 JP4228166B2 JP2000130017A JP2000130017A JP4228166B2 JP 4228166 B2 JP4228166 B2 JP 4228166B2 JP 2000130017 A JP2000130017 A JP 2000130017A JP 2000130017 A JP2000130017 A JP 2000130017A JP 4228166 B2 JP4228166 B2 JP 4228166B2
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- copper alloy
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Description
【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
この発明は、熱交換器の伝熱管、冷媒配管、灯油用配管、消防設備用配管、コントロール銅管、四方弁、氷蓄熱用銅管、ショウケース用銅管などあらゆる用途に用いられる継目無銅合金管に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
一般に、熱交換器の伝熱管として燐脱酸銅からなる継目無銅管が用いられていたが、近年、ろう付け時の結晶粒の粗大化を阻止するために、燐脱酸銅にFeを添加して結晶粒が粗大化しにくくした銅合金管が用いられている。この従来の燐脱酸銅にFeを必須成分として含有する疲労強度の優れた銅合金管として、例えば、Fe:0.005〜0.8%、P:0.01〜0.026%、Zr:0.005〜0.3%、O2 :3〜30ppm を含み、残部:Cuからなる組成の銅合金管(特公昭58−39900号公報参照)、およびFe:0.01〜1.0%、Cr,Si,Mn,As,Ni,Coのうち1種または2種以上:0.005〜0.6%、P、Ca,Mgのうち1種または2種以上:0.004〜0.04%を含み、残部:Cuからなる組成の銅合金管(特開昭52−156718公報参照)などが知られている。
【0003】
しかし、熱交換器用熱媒体としてオゾン層破壊のないHFC系フロンが使用されるようになると、HFC系フロンを熱交換器の熱媒体として使用した場合の凝縮圧力を一層大きくする必要があるところから、さらに一層優れた高強度の銅合金管が求められてきた。これらの要求に対して、質量%で、Co:0.03〜0.15%、P:0.02〜0.05%を含有し、残りがCuおよび不可避不純物からなり、前記不可避不純物として含まれる酸素含有量を50ppm 以下に規制した組成の銅合金からなる継目無銅合金管が提案されている(特開2000−1728参照)。
【0004】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
近年、省資源化の問題から銅合金管の肉厚を可能な限り薄くし、さらにその銅合金管を組み込んだ装置を一層長期間使用しようとする気運が高まっており、これらの要求を満たすために、過酷な内圧および外部からの振動などの繰り返し負荷に対して長期間耐えることのできる疲労強度の一層優れた継目無銅合金管が求められている。
【0005】
【課題を解決するための手段】
そこで、本発明者等は、従来よりも疲労強度の一層優れた継目無銅合金管を得るべく研究を行った結果、
(イ)質量%で、Co:0.03〜0.15%、P:0.02〜0.05%(ただし、Co/P:4以下)を含有し、残りがCuおよび不可避不純物からなり、前記不可避不純物として含まれる酸素含有量を50ppm 以下に組成を調整し、さらに適切な加工熱処理を加えて発生する組織内の再結晶粒を平均粒径:20μm以下に調整し、さらにこの再結晶粒内に微細な析出物を均一に析出させた組織を有するようにすると、疲労強度が一層向上する、
(ロ)前記再結晶粒内に均一に分散した微細な析出物は、1〜30nmの微細な析出物であることが一層好ましい、という知見を得たのである。
【0006】
この発明は、かかる知見にもとづいてなされたものであって、
(1)質量%で、Co:0.03〜0.15%、P:0.02〜0.05%をCo/P:4以下となるように含有し、残りがCuおよび不可避不純物からなり、前記不可避不純物として含まれる酸素含有量を50ppm 以下に調整した組成を有し、さらに、平均粒径:20μm以下の再結晶粒を有し、該再結晶粒内に1〜30nmの微細な析出物が均一に分散した組織を有する疲労強度の優れた継目無銅合金管、に特徴を有するものである。
【0007】
この発明の疲労強度の優れた継目無銅合金管を製造するには、まず、通常の電気銅、無酸素銅、タフピッチ銅、燐脱酸銅、高級銅スクラップなどを還元雰囲気中で溶解して酸素:50ppm 以下の低酸素銅溶湯を作製し、得られた低酸素銅溶湯にCo地金およびCu−P母合金を添加したのち鋳造して円柱状鋳塊を製造する。
【0008】
この円柱状鋳塊を850℃〜950℃に加熱し、水中押出し加工を施し、さらに冷間加工したのち、通常よりも高温の570〜670℃に15〜120分間保持する条件で焼鈍し、それにより十分に再結晶化させると共に該再結晶粒内に析出する析出物の粒径を調整する。
【0009】
つぎに、この発明の疲労強度の優れた継目無銅合金管を構成する銅合金の成分組成、再結晶粒径および析出物の粒径を上記の如く限定した理由について説明する。
【0010】
[I]成分組成
(a) Co
Coは燐脱酸銅素地に固溶あるいは燐化合物相を形成し、素材の耐力および疲労強度を向上させる成分であるが、Co含有量が0.15%を越えると粗大晶出物が残留し、疲労強度および加工性が低下するので好ましくなく、一方、Co含有量が0.03%未満では所望の効果が得られない。したがって、Co含有量は0.03〜0.15%の範囲となるようにそれぞれ定めた。Co含有量の一層好ましい範囲は0.04〜0.12%である。
【0011】
(b) P
PはCoと共存することにより結晶粒を微細化し、もって耐力および疲労強度を向上させる作用があるが、その含有量が0.05%を越えると析出物が粗大化するので好ましくなく、一方、その含有量が0.02%未満では所望の効果が得られない。したがってPの含有量は0.02〜0.05%に定めた。P含有量の一層好ましい範囲は0.025〜0.045%である。
【0012】
(c) Co/P
この発明の銅合金に含まれるCoとPは、Co:0.03〜0.15%、P:0.02〜0.05%でかつCoとPの比(Co/P)は4以下であることが疲労強度および加工性を一層向上させるために必要であり、Co/Pは1.5〜3の範囲内にあることが一層好ましい。
【0013】
(d) 酸素
酸素は、不可避不純物として含まれているが、50ppm を越えて含有すると粗大な酸化物が形成され、強度および加工性を害するので好ましくない。従って、酸素含有量は50ppm 以下(好ましくは10ppm 以下)に定めた。
【0014】
[II] 再結晶粒径および析出物径
(e)再結晶粒径
冷間加工後の焼鈍により得られる再結晶粒は、微細なほど好ましく、その大きさは平均粒径が20μmを越えると疲労特性が低下するので好ましくない。したがって、焼鈍により得られる再結晶粒の平均粒径は20μm以下に定めた。一層好ましい範囲は10μm以下である。
【0015】
(f)析出物径
前記焼鈍により得られる再結晶粒内に均一分散している析出物が1nm未満の微細な析出物であると疲労強度の向上効果が十分でなく、一方、平均粒径が30nmを越えるようになると、かえって疲労強度が低下するので好ましくない。したがって、再結晶粒内に均一分散している析出物の平均粒径を1〜30nmに定めた。一層好ましい範囲は1〜10nmである。
【0016】
【発明の実施の形態】
原料として電気銅を用意し、電気銅を還元雰囲気中で溶解して酸素:50ppm 以下の低酸素銅溶湯を作製し、得られた低酸素銅溶湯にCoおよびCu−15%P母合金を添加したのち鋳型に鋳込んで直径:320mm、長さ:710mの寸法を有し、表1に示される成分組成の円柱状鋳塊を製造した。
【0017】
この円柱状銅合金鋳塊をビレットヒータにより、温度:900℃、10分間保持の条件で加熱したのち、水中押出し加工することにより溶体化処理と同時に直径:100mm、厚さ:10mmの寸法を有する素管を作製した。
【0018】
かかる溶体化処理した素管をさらに冷間加工することにより外径:12.7mm、肉厚:0.7mmの寸法を有する継目無銅合金管に成形し、得られた継目無銅合金管をさらに光揮焼鈍炉に装入し、表1に示される条件で焼鈍し、本発明疲労強度の優れた銅合金管(以下、本発明管という)1〜6および比較銅合金管(以下、比較管という)を製造した。
【0019】
これら本発明管1〜6および比較管1〜3の断面をそれぞれ光学顕微鏡で観察することにより再結晶粒の平均粒径を測定し、さらにTEM(透過型電子顕微鏡)により再結晶粒内に析出した析出物の平均粒径を測定し、その結果を表1に示した。
【0020】
さらに、これら本発明管1〜6および比較管1〜3にそれぞれ120MPaの引張−圧縮公称応力を油圧式サーボパルサーにより1×108回繰り返し負荷し、破断した時の繰り返し回数を測定し、その結果を表1に示すことにより疲労強度を評価した。
【0021】
【表1】
【0022】
【発明の効果】
表1に示される結果から、本発明管1〜6に対して120MPaの引張−圧縮公称応力を1×108回繰り返し負荷しても破断することが無かったが、比較管1〜3はいずれも1×107回未満の繰り返し負荷で破断しているところから、本発明管1〜6は比較管1〜3に比較して疲労強度が優れていることが分かり、したがって、この発明の銅合金管を高い繰り返し負荷のかかる部分の配管として一層長期間使用できることが分かる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
This invention is a seamless copper used in various applications such as heat exchanger tubes, refrigerant pipes, kerosene pipes, fire fighting equipment pipes, control copper pipes, four-way valves, ice heat storage copper pipes, showcase copper pipes, etc. It relates to an alloy tube.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In general, a seamless copper pipe made of phosphorous deoxidized copper has been used as a heat exchanger tube of a heat exchanger, but recently, in order to prevent coarsening of crystal grains during brazing, Fe is added to phosphorous deoxidized copper. Copper alloy tubes that are added to make the crystal grains difficult to coarsen are used. For example, Fe: 0.005 to 0.8%, P: 0.01 to 0.026%, Zr as a copper alloy tube excellent in fatigue strength containing Fe as an essential component in this conventional phosphorous deoxidized copper : 0.005 to 0.3%, O 2: comprises 3~30Ppm, balance: copper alloy tube of the composition consisting of Cu (see JP-B-58-39900), and Fe: 0.01 to 1.0 %, Cr, Si, Mn, As, Ni, Co, or one or more of 0.005 to 0.6%, P, Ca, or Mg, one or more of 0.004 to 0 A copper alloy tube containing 0.04% and the balance: Cu (see Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 52-156718) is known.
[0003]
However, when HFC-based Freon that does not destroy the ozone layer is used as a heat exchanger for heat exchangers, it is necessary to further increase the condensation pressure when HFC-based Freon is used as a heat exchanger. Further, there has been a demand for a copper alloy tube having even higher quality and high strength. In response to these requirements, by mass%, Co: 0.03 to 0.15%, P: 0.02 to 0.05%, the remainder is made of Cu and inevitable impurities, and is included as the inevitable impurities There has been proposed a seamless copper alloy tube made of a copper alloy having a composition in which the oxygen content is regulated to 50 ppm or less (see JP 2000-1728).
[0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In recent years, due to the problem of resource saving, the thickness of copper alloy pipes has been reduced as much as possible, and there has been an increasing tendency to use devices incorporating the copper alloy pipes for a longer period of time. In addition, there is a need for a seamless copper alloy tube with even greater fatigue strength that can withstand repeated loads such as severe internal pressure and external vibration for a long period of time.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
Therefore, as a result of conducting research to obtain a seamless copper alloy tube with even better fatigue strength than conventional,
(Ii) By mass%, Co: 0.03 to 0.15%, P: 0.02 to 0.05% (however, Co / P: 4 or less), with the remainder consisting of Cu and inevitable impurities The oxygen content contained as the inevitable impurities is adjusted to 50 ppm or less, and the recrystallized grains in the structure generated by applying an appropriate processing heat treatment are adjusted to an average particle size of 20 μm or less. Fatigue strength is further improved by having a structure in which fine precipitates are uniformly precipitated in the grains.
(B) It has been found that the fine precipitate uniformly dispersed in the recrystallized grains is more preferably a fine precipitate of 1 to 30 nm.
[0006]
This invention was made based on such knowledge,
(1) By mass%, Co: 0.03 to 0.15%, P: 0.02 to 0.05% is contained so that Co / P: 4 or less, and the remainder consists of Cu and inevitable impurities And having a composition in which the oxygen content contained as the inevitable impurities is adjusted to 50 ppm or less, further having recrystallized grains having an average grain size of 20 μm or less, and fine precipitation of 1 to 30 nm in the recrystallized grains It is characterized by a seamless copper alloy tube excellent in fatigue strength having a structure in which the objects are uniformly dispersed.
[0007]
To produce a seamless copper alloy tube with excellent fatigue strength according to the present invention, first, ordinary electrolytic copper, oxygen-free copper, tough pitch copper, phosphorous deoxidized copper, high-grade copper scrap, etc. are dissolved in a reducing atmosphere. Oxygen: A low-oxygen copper molten metal of 50 ppm or less is prepared, and after adding Co ingot and Cu-P master alloy to the obtained low-oxygen copper molten metal, casting is performed to produce a cylindrical ingot.
[0008]
This cylindrical ingot is heated to 850 ° C. to 950 ° C., subjected to extrusion in water, further cold worked, and then annealed for 15 to 120 minutes at a temperature higher than 570 to 670 ° C. To sufficiently recrystallize and adjust the particle size of precipitates precipitated in the recrystallized grains.
[0009]
Next, the reason why the composition of the copper alloy, the recrystallized grain size, and the grain size of the precipitate constituting the seamless copper alloy pipe having excellent fatigue strength according to the present invention are limited as described above will be described.
[0010]
[I] Component composition (a) Co
Co is a component that improves the proof stress and fatigue strength of the material by forming a solid solution or a phosphorus compound phase in the phosphorous deoxidized copper base, but if the Co content exceeds 0.15%, coarse crystals appear. Fatigue strength and workability are lowered, which is not preferable. On the other hand, if the Co content is less than 0.03%, desired effects cannot be obtained. Accordingly, the Co content is determined to be in the range of 0.03 to 0.15%. A more preferable range of the Co content is 0.04 to 0.12%.
[0011]
(B) P
P has the effect of refining crystal grains by coexisting with Co, thereby improving the yield strength and fatigue strength. However, if its content exceeds 0.05%, the precipitate becomes coarse, which is not preferable. If the content is less than 0.02%, the desired effect cannot be obtained. Therefore, the content of P is set to 0.02 to 0.05%. A more preferable range of the P content is 0.025 to 0.045%.
[0012]
(C) Co / P
Co and P contained in the copper alloy of the present invention are Co: 0.03-0.15%, P: 0.02-0.05%, and the ratio of Co to P (Co / P) is 4 or less. It is necessary to further improve the fatigue strength and workability, and Co / P is more preferably in the range of 1.5 to 3.
[0013]
(D) Oxygen Oxygen is included as an inevitable impurity, but if it exceeds 50 ppm, a coarse oxide is formed, which is unfavorable because it impairs strength and workability. Therefore, the oxygen content is set to 50 ppm or less (preferably 10 ppm or less).
[0014]
[II] Recrystallized grain size and precipitate diameter (e) Recrystallized grain size Recrystallized grains obtained by annealing after cold working are preferably as fine as possible, and the size is fatigued when the average grain size exceeds 20 μm. This is not preferable because the characteristics deteriorate. Therefore, the average grain size of the recrystallized grains obtained by annealing is set to 20 μm or less. A more preferable range is 10 μm or less.
[0015]
(F) Precipitate diameter If the precipitate uniformly dispersed in the recrystallized grains obtained by the annealing is a fine precipitate of less than 1 nm, the effect of improving fatigue strength is not sufficient, while the average grain size is If it exceeds 30 nm, the fatigue strength is rather lowered, which is not preferable. Therefore, the average particle size of the precipitate uniformly dispersed in the recrystallized grains is set to 1 to 30 nm. A more preferable range is 1 to 10 nm.
[0016]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Prepare electrolytic copper as a raw material, dissolve electrolytic copper in a reducing atmosphere to produce oxygen: 50ppm or less low oxygen copper melt, and add Co and Cu-15% P master alloy to the resulting low oxygen copper melt After that, it was cast into a mold, and a cylindrical ingot having a diameter of 320 mm and a length of 710 m and having the composition shown in Table 1 was produced.
[0017]
This columnar copper alloy ingot is heated by a billet heater under the conditions of temperature: 900 ° C. and held for 10 minutes, and then extruded underwater to simultaneously have a solution treatment and a diameter of 100 mm and a thickness of 10 mm. A blank tube was prepared.
[0018]
The solution-treated base tube is further cold worked to form a seamless copper alloy tube having an outer diameter of 12.7 mm and a wall thickness of 0.7 mm. Furthermore, it inserts into a volatile annealing furnace, anneals on the conditions shown by Table 1, and the copper alloy pipe | tube (henceforth this invention pipe | tube) 1-6 and the comparative copper alloy pipe | tube (henceforth comparison) excellent in this invention fatigue strength. Tube).
[0019]
The average diameter of the recrystallized grains is measured by observing the cross sections of the present invention pipes 1 to 6 and the comparative pipes 1 to 3 with an optical microscope, respectively, and further precipitated in the recrystallized grains with a TEM (transmission electron microscope). The average particle size of the deposited precipitates was measured, and the results are shown in Table 1.
[0020]
Furthermore, they present invention tubes 6 and Comparative tubes 1-3 each tensile 120 MPa - compressive nominal stress repeatedly 1 × 10 8 times by the hydraulic servo pulser was loaded, by measuring the number of repetitions when broken, the The fatigue strength was evaluated by showing the results in Table 1.
[0021]
[Table 1]
[0022]
【The invention's effect】
From the results shown in Table 1, the pipes 1 to 6 of the present invention were not broken even when a tensile-compressive nominal stress of 120 MPa was repeatedly applied 1 × 10 8 times. Since the pipes 1 to 6 of the present invention are superior in fatigue strength compared to the comparative pipes 1 to 3, the copper pipes of the present invention are therefore found to be fractured at a repeated load of less than 1 × 10 7 times. It can be seen that the alloy pipe can be used for a longer period of time as a pipe in a portion where a high repeated load is applied.
Claims (1)
平均粒径:20μm以下の再結晶粒を有し、該再結晶粒内に1〜30nmの微細な析出物が均一に分散した組織を有することを特徴とする疲労強度の優れた継目無銅合金管。Co: 0.03 to 0.15% and P: 0.02 to 0.05% by mass% are contained so that Co / P: 4 or less, and the remainder consists of Cu and inevitable impurities, and the above inevitable It has a composition in which the oxygen content contained as impurities is adjusted to 50 ppm or less, and
Average particle size: 20 [mu] m have the following recrystallized grains, the fatigue strength, characterized by having a structure in which fine precipitates 1~30nm in該再the crystal grains are uniformly dispersed good seamless copper alloy tube.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000130017A JP4228166B2 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Seamless copper alloy tube with excellent fatigue strength |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2000130017A JP4228166B2 (en) | 2000-04-28 | 2000-04-28 | Seamless copper alloy tube with excellent fatigue strength |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2001316742A JP2001316742A (en) | 2001-11-16 |
| JP4228166B2 true JP4228166B2 (en) | 2009-02-25 |
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Families Citing this family (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE60324711D1 (en) | 2003-03-03 | 2008-12-24 | Mitsubishi Shindo Kk | |
| JP5078410B2 (en) * | 2007-03-30 | 2012-11-21 | 株式会社コベルコ マテリアル銅管 | Copper alloy tube |
| WO2009081664A1 (en) * | 2007-12-21 | 2009-07-02 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co., Ltd. | High-strength highly heat-conductive copper alloy pipe and process for producing the same |
| EP2246448B1 (en) | 2008-02-26 | 2016-10-12 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co., Ltd. | High-strength high-conductive copper wire |
| CA2706199C (en) | 2008-03-28 | 2014-06-10 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co., Ltd. | High strength and high conductivity copper alloy pipe, rod, or wire |
| JP4851626B2 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2012-01-11 | 三菱伸銅株式会社 | High-strength and high-conductivity copper alloy rolled sheet and method for producing the same |
| US10311991B2 (en) | 2009-01-09 | 2019-06-04 | Mitsubishi Shindoh Co., Ltd. | High-strength and high-electrical conductivity copper alloy rolled sheet and method of manufacturing the same |
| JP6034727B2 (en) * | 2013-03-08 | 2016-11-30 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High strength copper alloy tube |
| JP5968816B2 (en) * | 2013-03-26 | 2016-08-10 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High strength copper alloy tube and manufacturing method thereof |
| JP5960672B2 (en) * | 2013-11-25 | 2016-08-02 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | High strength copper alloy tube |
-
2000
- 2000-04-28 JP JP2000130017A patent/JP4228166B2/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
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| JP2001316742A (en) | 2001-11-16 |
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