JP4231614B2 - Automatic reverse switching device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to an automatic reverse switching device and an automatic reverse switching method for an actuator used in, for example, an automatic backwash type filter.
[0002]
[Prior art]
FIG. 7 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of an example of a conventional automatic reversing switching device for an actuator, and FIG. 8 is a transverse sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 7 (top view excluding the upper cover 30). No. 118350). The switching device main body 21 has a substantially cylindrical shape, has an inlet 28 for driving oil to be sent to the actuator 22, has a swing shaft 27 at the center, and a ball bearing (not shown) on the main body 21 and the lower lid 31. Supported.
[0003]
The actuator 22 is formed so that one or a plurality of vane 33 is radially attached to the swing shaft 27 to form sections, and when the hydraulic pressure is applied to each section, the actuator 22 is kept sufficiently airtight. . Each compartment is provided with a drive oil inlet / outlet, and the blades rotate and oscillate by alternately making the drive oil enter / exit, and the oscillation is repeated through the oscillating shaft 27 to the switching device main body 21.
[0004]
The switching device body 21 is provided with a valve body 23 for guiding drive oil to the actuator 22 and a switching lever (hereinafter referred to as “fork fitting”) 24 for switching the valve body 23, an X-shaped fitting 25, and a link 26. The arms 34 and 35 of the fork-shaped bracket 24 have a chelate shape, and are connected to the swing shaft 27 of the actuator 22 and interlock with the actuator. On the other hand, the X-shaped metal fitting 25 is loosely fitted to the rotation shaft 27 at the center and has two symmetrical pinching portions (bifurcated portions).
[0005]
The valve body 23 connects the centers of two identical valves (main valves) spaced apart in a cylinder with a rod, and both ends of the rod protrude from the valve body 23, and this is connected to one of the X-shaped metal fittings 25. Hold between the parts. The other pinching portion of the X-shaped metal fitting 25 can be interlocked with the forked metal fitting 24 by holding a short arm at one end of the link 26, and is held in accordance with the swing of the forked metal fitting 24 through the movement of the link 26. The rod of the valve body is linearly reciprocated, and the drive oil is distributed in and out of the actuator 22 by the drive oil distribution plate 36 while alternately distributing the drive oil.
[0006]
When oil is passed through this switching device,
(1) First, the actuator 22 rotates to the left or right.
(2) At this time, the fork fitting 24 connected to the swing shaft 27 of the actuator also rotates in the same direction at the same time.
(3) As a result, the link 26 connected to the arms 34 and 35 of the fork fitting 24 moves to compress the spring 32.
(4) While the link 26 is moving, the spring 32 is compressed, the link 26 becomes linear with respect to the swing shaft 27, and then the link 26 moves to the opposite side.
[0007]
(5) At this time, the link 26 moves the X-shaped metal fitting 25 to move the rod of the valve body (main valve) 23 held on the opposite side of the X-shaped metal fitting 25.
(6) The valve body (main valve) 23 moves together with the rod, and the direction of the drive oil flowing to the actuator 22 is switched.
(7) The actuator rotates in the reverse direction according to the change in the direction of the flow of the drive oil.
By repeating (1) to (7), the actuator 22 swings.
[0008]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
As described above, conventionally, the main valve is mechanically switched by parts such as metal fittings, springs, and links. However, due to its mechanical structure, it has been impossible to avoid a switching failure due to conditions such as switching loss and excessive sliding friction. Therefore, the present inventors have abolished the conventional mechanical switching method using parts such as a spring and a link, and as a result of earnestly researching a method for switching the main valve only by hydraulic pressure, arrived at the present invention.
[0009]
That is, the present invention differs from the conventional mechanical switching method using parts such as metal fittings, springs, links and the like, and the automatic reversing switching method and the automatic reversing switching device of the actuator by so-called physical operation that switches the main valve only by hydraulic pressure. The purpose is to provide.
[0010]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to achieve the above object, according to the present invention , one section and the other section are formed across a blade attached to a swing shaft, and one oil guide pipe is connected to the one section and the other section is formed. The other oil guide pipe is connected to the first oil guide pipe, and the drive oil is alternately put in and out of the one compartment and the other compartment through the one oil guide pipe and the other oil guide pipe, thereby rotating the blade. An automatic reversing switching device for an actuator that swings the swing shaft, and connects the driving oil inlet and the driving oil outlet to the switching device main body and connects the one oil guide pipe and the other oil guide pipe, By switching the position of the main valve in the switching device main body, the driving oil flowing from the driving oil inlet is configured to flow alternately to the one oil guiding tube and the other oil guiding tube, Pilot fixed to the rocking shaft A driving oil passage branched into three paths and a driving oil discharge passage branched into three paths are formed in the pilot valve, and one port and the other port are provided between both ends of the main valve and the pilot valve. And the drive oil flowing from the drive oil inlet through the first flow hole of the drive oil passage through the second flow hole of the drive oil passage in the open state to the one port, The drive oil in the other port is caused to flow out from the second flow hole of the drive oil discharge passage in the open state to the drive oil outlet through the first flow hole of the drive oil discharge passage, The position is switched from the one port side to the other port side, and the pivot shaft is reversed and rotated by switching the position of the main valve, so that the first of the drive oil passage from the drive oil inlet Drive oil flowing in through the circulation hole The drive oil is allowed to flow from the third flow hole of the drive oil passage in the released state to the other port, and the drive oil in the one port is discharged from the third flow hole of the drive oil discharge passage in the open state. It is made to flow out to the drive oil outlet through the first flow hole of the discharge passage, and the position of the main valve is switched from the other port side to the one port side.
[0011]
Further, in the automatic reverse switching device of the present invention, the main valve is constituted by a piston that reciprocates linearly in close contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical housing, and is provided with three concave grooves on the outer periphery of the piston. The piston is provided with a communicating hole that communicates the recessed grooves at both ends of the three recessed grooves.
[0012]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The configuration and operating principle of an example of an automatic reverse switching device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 and 2 are plan views for explaining the operation of the automatic reverse switching device according to the present invention. 1 and 2, reference numeral 1 denotes a switching device main body according to the present invention, and 2 a pilot valve, which is fixed to the upper end of the swing shaft 27, and is moved left and right together with an actuator 22 connected to the lower portion of the swing shaft 27. Swing. Of course, the entire automatic reversing switching device is manufactured together with the actuator to be connected so as to maintain sufficient airtightness against the applied hydraulic pressure.
[0013]
In FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, the pipe line is shown in a plane for the purpose of explaining the operation principle, but the actual configuration is three-dimensionally arranged as shown in FIG. 4 and FIG. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the pilot valve 2 is provided with a driving oil passage and a driving oil discharge passage each having three circulation holes, and the driving oil passage has three circulation holes 10, 11. , 12 are perforated. The flow hole 10 is always open to the drive oil pipe 8 even if the pilot valve swings, and the drive oil enters the valve from here, and the drive oil flows from the flow hole 12 to the port C or from the flow hole 11 to the port D. Circulate. At this time, one of the flow holes 11 or 12 is in contact with the wall and is closed so that the driving oil flows only to one port.
[0014]
Similarly, the other drive oil discharge passage is formed by three flow holes 13, 14, 15 so that the discharge drive oil is passed from the port D or port C to the drive oil discharge pipe 9. Even if the pilot valve swings, the flow hole 13 is always open to the drive oil discharge pipe 9, and the flow holes 14 and 15 are closed by contacting one of the walls, so that the drive oil is discharged only from the other. It is formed to be.
[0015]
The main valve 3 is provided with three concave grooves 4, 5 and 6 in a piston that is slidably in contact with the inner surface of a cylindrical casing, and two concave grooves 4 and 6 are formed in a communication hole 7 formed in the piston. It communicates with. The main valve 3 reciprocates linearly in the housing by the driving oil flowing into the port C or the port D when the pilot valve 2 swings. Thus, the method of the present invention is characterized in that the position of the main valve is switched only by hydraulic pressure in cooperation with the pilot valve. The oil guide pipes A and B swing the actuator by causing it to enter and exit the hydraulic actuator while alternately distributing the driving oil by the linear reciprocation of the main valve 3.
[0016]
Further, the size of the three concave grooves 4, 5, 6 of the communication hole 7 and the piston in the main valve is the positional relationship between the oil guide pipes A, B, the drive oil inlet 16, the drive oil outlet 17, and the drive oil pipe 8. In consideration of precision, the main valve 3 was produced by adjusting the interval by devising so that the drive oil flow is alternately switched between the oil guide pipes A and B and the drive oil inlets 16 and 17 by the linear reciprocation of the main valve 3. Therefore, it is the center of the switching device according to the present invention together with the precise structure of the pilot valve flow holes 10-15. The configuration of the automatic reverse switching device according to the present invention is as described above, and the operation principle will be described below with reference to FIGS.
[0017]
(1) When oil is passed through the device 1, first, the actuator 22 rotates to the left or right. At this time, the pilot valve 2 fixed to the shaft of the actuator also rotates together. For example, in the state shown in FIG. 1 (a), when the pilot valve 2 connected to the swing shaft 27 of the actuator has finished rotating to the right, the driving oil at this time is driven oil pipe 8 → 10 → 12 → port. Flows in the direction of the arrow shown in FIG. C, and the discharged drive oil flows from port D to 15 → 13 → drive oil discharge pipe 9 in the direction of the arrow. Accordingly, the main valve 3 moves from the port C side to the port D side = left to right in FIG. At this time, since the communication hole 7 in the main valve also moves together with the main valve 3, the driving oil is switched from the oil guide pipe A to B, and the discharged driving oil is switched from B to A. By this operation, the actuator rotates in the reverse direction.
[0018]
{Circle around (2)} The pilot valve 2 connected to the swing shaft 27 also rotates to the left along with the reverse rotation of the actuator. FIG. 1B shows a state just before the main valve 3 moves to the right side = port D side and the actuator = pilot valve 2 rotates to the left side. At this time, the oil guide pipes A and B show a state in which the driving oil is switched from A to B and the discharged driving oil is switched from B to A as described in (1).
[0019]
(3) When the main valve is switched, the flow (hydraulic pressure) of the driving oil to the actuator is switched, the actuator is reversed, and the swing shaft 27 = the pilot valve 2 is rotated to the left. FIG. 2 (a) shows a state where the swing shaft 27 = the pilot valve 2 has finished turning to the left. At this time, the drive oil flows in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure from the drive oil pipe 8 → 10 → 11 → port D. The discharged drive oil flows from port C to 14 → 13 → drive oil discharge pipe 9 in the direction of the arrow shown in the figure, so that the main valve 3 moves from the right side = port D side to the left side = port C side (immediate state).
[0020]
(4) The actuator rotates to the right. FIG. 2B shows a state in which the main valve 3 is moved to the left side = port C side, and the swing shaft 27 = the pilot valve 2 is in a state just before the start of rotation to the right, and returns to the state of FIG. By repeating (1)-(2)-(3)-(4), the actuator repeats automatic reversal.
[0021]
【Example】
Hereinafter, a three-dimensional configuration of an example of an automatic inversion switching device according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Since the description of each part was described in detail in the section of the operation, a three-dimensional configuration is illustrated here. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view, FIG. 4 is a partially longitudinal cross-sectional view, FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line AA in FIG. 4 (a plan view of the automatic reversing switching device), and FIG. It is sectional drawing (plan view of an actuator). 3 to 6, the reference numerals of the respective parts are the same as those in FIGS. 1 and 2. As described in the above description of the operation, the entire switching device has a structure that is sufficiently airtight with respect to the applied hydraulic pressure.
[0022]
In FIG. 3, although the oil guide pipes A and B described in FIGS. 1 and 2 are not shown, this is because they are connected to the lower actuator 22 as shown in FIG. In FIG. 4, the reference numerals with parentheses indicate that they are arranged in parallel with the reference numerals in parallel or the above reference numerals, and it is desirable to contrast with the perspective view of FIG. 3 and the cross-sectional view of FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 4, the actuator 22 has the same configuration as that of the conventional one shown in FIG. 7, and one or a plurality of vanes 33 are radially attached to the swing shaft 27 to form a section. It is designed to maintain sufficient airtightness when hydraulic pressure is applied to each compartment.
[0023]
FIG. 6 exemplifies the case where there is one blade 33. The oil guide pipes A and B (drive oil inlet / outlet) are provided on both sides of the blade 33 and are connected to the automatic reverse switching device. That is, when the driving oil flows into A and is discharged from B, the actuator rotates to the right, and when the driving oil is reversed, the actuator rotates to the left. If there are two or more wings 33, sections are formed according to the number of the wings 33, the oil guide pipes A and B are branched, and the wings are sandwiched between the sections, for example, A1, B1, A2, B2,. As shown in the figure, it is only necessary to connect a plurality of blades so that oil pressure is applied in the same direction at the same time.
[0024]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, since the automatic reversing switching device according to the present invention has the above-described configuration, it has the following effects.
1. Since the mechanical switching means of the main valve (link → spring → lever) is not used, and the physical switching means by hydraulic pressure is used, the main valve and pilot valve are independent and can be avoided with the conventional device. Unnecessary centering is no longer necessary, and the labor of manufacturing the device is saved.
2. Since the main valve is switched hydraulically, there are no switching errors.
[Brief description of the drawings]
1A and 1B are operation explanatory views of an automatic reverse switching device according to the present invention.
FIGS. 2A and 2B are operation explanatory views of the automatic reverse switching device according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view of the automatic reversing switching device according to the present invention. FIG. 4 is a partial longitudinal sectional view of an example of the automatic reversing switching device according to the present invention. [Fig. 6] BB cross-sectional view of Fig. 4 [Fig. 7] Partial vertical cross-sectional view of a conventional automatic reversing switching device [Fig. 8] AA cross-sectional view of Fig. 7 [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Switching apparatus main body 2 Pilot valve 3 Main valve 4, 5, 6 Ring-shaped recessed groove 7 Main valve communication hole 8 Drive oil pipe 9 Drive oil discharge pipes 10-15 Flow hole 16 Drive oil inlet 17 Drive oil outlet A, B Oil pipe C, D Port 21 Switching device body 22 Actuator 23 Valve body 24 Fork bracket 25 X-shaped bracket 26 Link 27 Oscillating shaft 28 Drive oil inlet 29 Drained oil outlet 30 Upper lid 31 Lower lid 32 Spring 33 Wings 34, 35 Fork Metal arm

Claims (2)

One section and the other section are formed across a blade attached to the swing shaft, and one oil guide pipe is connected to the one section, and the other oil guide pipe is connected to the other section. Automatic operation of an actuator that pivots the wings to swing the swinging shaft by alternately driving driving oil in and out of the one section and the other section through the oil guide pipe and the other oil guide pipe. A reverse switching device,
Connecting the drive oil inlet and the drive oil outlet to the switching device main body and connecting the one oil guide pipe and the other oil guide pipe;
By switching the position of the main valve in the switching device main body, the drive oil flowing from the drive oil inlet is configured to flow alternately to the one oil guide pipe and the other oil guide pipe,
A pilot valve fixed to the swing shaft in the switching device body, and a driving oil passage branched into three paths and a driving oil discharge passage branched into three paths are formed in the pilot valve;
One port and the other port are provided between both ends of the main valve and the pilot valve,
Drive oil flowing in from the drive oil inlet through the first flow hole of the drive oil passage is caused to flow into the one port from the second flow hole of the drive oil passage in the open state, and the other port In the open state of the drive oil discharge passage from the second flow hole of the drive oil discharge passage to the drive oil outlet through the first flow hole of the drive oil discharge passage. Switch from the other port side to the other port side,
The drive oil flowing from the drive oil inlet through the first flow hole of the drive oil passage is released from the drive oil in the open state by rotating the pivot shaft in reverse by switching the position of the main valve. The third flow hole in the passage is caused to flow into the other port, and the drive oil in the one port is opened from the third flow hole in the drive oil discharge passage in the open state. An automatic reversing switching device characterized in that it flows out to the driving oil outlet through a flow hole and switches the position of the main valve from the other port side to the one port side. The main valve is composed of a piston that is slidably in close contact with the inner surface of the cylindrical housing, and is provided with three concave grooves on the outer periphery of the piston, and the concave grooves at both ends of the three concave grooves. 2. The automatic reversing switching device according to claim 1 , wherein a communication hole communicating with said is formed in said piston .

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