JP4237122B2 - Black material - Google Patents
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- JP4237122B2 JP4237122B2 JP2004273348A JP2004273348A JP4237122B2 JP 4237122 B2 JP4237122 B2 JP 4237122B2 JP 2004273348 A JP2004273348 A JP 2004273348A JP 2004273348 A JP2004273348 A JP 2004273348A JP 4237122 B2 JP4237122 B2 JP 4237122B2
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims description 66
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims description 62
- 239000011163 secondary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000011135 tin Substances 0.000 claims description 24
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical compound [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 22
- 229910052718 tin Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 12
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000011164 primary particle Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000011258 core-shell material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 52
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 42
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 42
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 34
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 31
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 description 25
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 24
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 19
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 15
- 229910001128 Sn alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 14
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 13
- 238000000634 powder X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 12
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 12
- 239000010419 fine particle Substances 0.000 description 11
- 239000011521 glass Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000002834 transmittance Methods 0.000 description 11
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 9
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 7
- HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium hydroxide Chemical compound [OH-].[Na+] HEMHJVSKTPXQMS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 6
- FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tartaric acid Natural products [H+].[H+].[O-]C(=O)C(O)C(O)C([O-])=O FEWJPZIEWOKRBE-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010931 gold Substances 0.000 description 6
- BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N platinum Chemical group [Pt] BASFCYQUMIYNBI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000004528 spin coating Methods 0.000 description 6
- 235000002906 tartaric acid Nutrition 0.000 description 6
- 239000011975 tartaric acid Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910052719 titanium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 6
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000005119 centrifugation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910001316 Ag alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron oxide Chemical compound [Fe]=O UQSXHKLRYXJYBZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000006229 carbon black Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052763 palladium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N palladium Substances [Pd] KDLHZDBZIXYQEI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 229910052697 platinum Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N silver(1+) nitrate Chemical compound [Ag+].[O-]N(=O)=O SQGYOTSLMSWVJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titan oxide Chemical compound O=[Ti]=O GWEVSGVZZGPLCZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 229910044991 metal oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 150000004706 metal oxides Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 3
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Chromium Chemical compound [Cr] VYZAMTAEIAYCRO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ethanol Chemical compound CCO LFQSCWFLJHTTHZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycine Chemical compound NCC(O)=O DHMQDGOQFOQNFH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N Iron Chemical compound [Fe] XEEYBQQBJWHFJM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver ion Chemical compound [Ag+] FOIXSVOLVBLSDH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Titanium Chemical compound [Ti] RTAQQCXQSZGOHL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonia Natural products N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229910052804 chromium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000011651 chromium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 2
- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000004973 liquid crystal related substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910001961 silver nitrate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000001308 synthesis method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000003786 synthesis reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N titanium oxide Inorganic materials [Ti]=O OGIDPMRJRNCKJF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001020 Au alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 1
- WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N Glucose Natural products OC[C@H]1OC(O)[C@H](O)[C@@H](O)[C@@H]1O WQZGKKKJIJFFOK-GASJEMHNSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000004471 Glycine Substances 0.000 description 1
- VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N N-[[(5S)-2-oxo-3-(2-oxo-3H-1,3-benzoxazol-6-yl)-1,3-oxazolidin-5-yl]methyl]-2-[[3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl]methylamino]pyrimidine-5-carboxamide Chemical compound O=C1O[C@H](CN1C1=CC2=C(NC(O2)=O)C=C1)CNC(=O)C=1C=NC(=NC=1)NCC1=CC(=CC=C1)OC(F)(F)F VCUFZILGIRCDQQ-KRWDZBQOSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910004298 SiO 2 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910000905 alloy phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000889 atomisation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011230 binding agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000921 elemental analysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004108 freeze drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010574 gas phase reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000008103 glucose Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003353 gold alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001385 heavy metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000001027 hydrothermal synthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052742 iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000012528 membrane Substances 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000510 noble metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxygen(2-);zirconium(4+) Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[Zr+4] RVTZCBVAJQQJTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001267 polyvinylpyrrolidone Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000013855 polyvinylpyrrolidone Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229920000036 polyvinylpyrrolidone Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 239000004576 sand Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052814 silicon oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M silver bromide Chemical compound [Ag]Br ADZWSOLPGZMUMY-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 239000002356 single layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910000033 sodium borohydride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000012279 sodium borohydride Substances 0.000 description 1
- AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L sodium thiosulfate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S AKHNMLFCWUSKQB-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 235000019345 sodium thiosulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 description 1
- RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tetrapotassium;phosphonato phosphate Chemical compound [K+].[K+].[K+].[K+].[O-]P([O-])(=O)OP([O-])([O-])=O RYCLIXPGLDDLTM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J tin(iv) chloride Chemical compound Cl[Sn](Cl)(Cl)Cl HPGGPRDJHPYFRM-UHFFFAOYSA-J 0.000 description 1
- 229910001928 zirconium oxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
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- Liquid Crystal (AREA)
- Pigments, Carbon Blacks, Or Wood Stains (AREA)
- Manufacture Of Metal Powder And Suspensions Thereof (AREA)
- Powder Metallurgy (AREA)
- Optical Elements Other Than Lenses (AREA)
- Optical Filters (AREA)
Description
本発明は、黒色材料に関し、特に、記録材、各種表示装置のブラックマトリックス等に好適に用いられ、黒色度が高く、光の遮蔽性に優れる黒色材料に関するものである。 The present invention relates to a black material, and more particularly to a black material that is suitably used for a recording material, a black matrix of various display devices, and the like, has high blackness, and excellent light shielding properties.
従来、黒色材料としては、カーボンブラック、低次酸化チタン、酸化鉄、クロム、銀微粒子等が知られている(例えば、特許文献1参照)。
これらの黒色材料は、黒色光遮蔽性フイルム、黒色光遮蔽性ガラス、黒色紙、黒色布、黒色インキ、プラズマディスプレイ(PDP)や液晶ディスプレイ(LCD)のブラックマトリックス材料、ブラックシール材、ブラックマスク材等に黒色や光遮蔽性を付与する材料として利用されている。
Conventionally, carbon black, low-order titanium oxide, iron oxide, chromium, silver fine particles, and the like are known as black materials (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
These black materials are black light shielding film, black light shielding glass, black paper, black cloth, black ink, black matrix material for plasma display (PDP) and liquid crystal display (LCD), black seal material, black mask material. For example, it is used as a material that imparts black color or light shielding properties.
一方、金、白金族元素、またはこれらの合金を黒色化する場合、これらの金属または合金の母材の表面に黒色酸化物からなる被膜を形成する方法が採られているが、この方法では、黒色酸化物が母材から剥離し易く、耐久性のある黒色金合金が得られなかった。そこで、金、白金族元素、またはこれらの合金、または前記いずれかの金属または合金に銀を添加した合金に、銅、ニッケル、鉄等の金属を添加し、酸化することにより、表面に密着性の良い黒色酸化物層を形成した黒色合金が提案されている(特許文献2参照)。
さらに、感光材料の分野では、鮮鋭性を向上させ、裏面から露光された光学情報を適切な濃度で記録し、かつ現像処理時の赤外線検出特性が改良された写真用の感光材料として、水性ゼラチン中に黒色コロイド銀を分散した黒色コロイド銀分散物が提案されている(特許文献3参照)。
Furthermore, in the field of photosensitive materials, aqueous gelatin is used as a photographic photosensitive material that improves sharpness, records optical information exposed from the back surface at an appropriate density, and has improved infrared detection characteristics during development processing. A black colloidal silver dispersion in which black colloidal silver is dispersed has been proposed (see Patent Document 3).
ところで、従来のカーボンブラック、低次酸化チタン、酸化鉄等は、黒色ではあるが、光遮蔽性が不十分である。そこで、これらの黒色材料を含む膜を用いて光を遮蔽するためには、黒色材料を含む塗布液を厚く塗布して厚みのある膜を基材に形成する必要がある。
これらの黒色材料を白色基材上に黒色の線を描く記録材として用いた場合、光遮蔽性が弱いために下地の白色基材との境界線部分がぼやけてしまい、シャープな線を描くことができないという問題点があった。
これらの黒色材料を光遮蔽材料として用いた場合、光遮蔽性を高めるためには材料中の黒色材料の体積比を多くする必要があり、相対的にバインダーの含有量が減少することになる。したがって、これらの黒色材料を用いて黒色塗膜を作製した場合、塗膜の強度が低下し、信頼性を維持することができないという問題点があった。
By the way, conventional carbon black, low-order titanium oxide, iron oxide and the like are black but have insufficient light shielding properties. Therefore, in order to shield light using a film containing these black materials, it is necessary to form a thick film on a substrate by thickly applying a coating liquid containing a black material.
When these black materials are used as a recording material that draws a black line on a white substrate, the light shielding property is weak, so the boundary line with the white substrate is blurred and draws a sharp line. There was a problem that could not.
When these black materials are used as the light shielding material, it is necessary to increase the volume ratio of the black material in the material in order to improve the light shielding properties, and the binder content is relatively reduced. Therefore, when a black coating film was produced using these black materials, there was a problem that the strength of the coating film was lowered and the reliability could not be maintained.
また、クロムは、黒色度及び光遮蔽性に優れているものの、重金属である点、環境負荷が大きい点等、様々な理由から、適用可能な製品が制限されるという問題点があった。
また、写真フイルム等に用いられている臭化銀を還元することにより生成される銀粒子は、黒色度及び光遮蔽性に優れているが、銀自体が貴金属で、しかも高価であることから、一部の高額な製品は別として、一般に汎用製品の黒色材料として用いられることはない。
さらに、銀コロイドを用いて黒色塗膜を形成する場合では、遮光性には優れるものの、メタリック色を帯びるために、優れた黒色度を発現することができない。
Although chromium is excellent in blackness and light shielding properties, there is a problem that applicable products are limited for various reasons such as a heavy metal and a large environmental load.
In addition, silver particles produced by reducing silver bromide used in photographic films and the like are excellent in blackness and light shielding properties, but silver itself is a noble metal and is expensive. Apart from some expensive products, they are generally not used as black materials for general purpose products.
Furthermore, when forming a black coating film using silver colloid, although it is excellent in light-shielding property, since it is tinged with metallic color, it cannot express the outstanding blackness.
本発明は、上記の課題を解決するためになされたものであって、黒色度が高く、かつ光遮蔽性に優れ、しかも、環境負荷が小さく、安価な黒色材料を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an inexpensive black material having high blackness, excellent light shielding properties, and low environmental burden. .
本発明者は、黒色度に優れ、かつ光遮蔽性に優れた材料について鋭意検討した結果、粒子径が1nm以上かつ200nm以下の金属からなる1次粒子を集合させて粒子径が5nm以上かつ300nm以下の2次粒子とし、さらに、この2次粒子の最外層を、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)、ニッケル(Ni)から選択された1種または2種以上の元素を50重量%以上含有した構造とすることで、黒色度に優れ、かつ光遮蔽性に優れた黒色材料を得ることができることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 As a result of intensive studies on a material excellent in blackness and light shielding properties, the present inventor aggregated primary particles made of metal having a particle size of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less to obtain a particle size of 5 nm or more and 300 nm. The following secondary particles are used, and the outermost layer of the secondary particles contains 50% by weight or more of one or more elements selected from silver (Ag), tin (Sn), and nickel (Ni). The inventors have found that a black material having excellent blackness and light shielding properties can be obtained by using the above structure, and the present invention has been completed.
すなわち、本発明の黒色材料は、粒子径が1nm以上かつ200nm以下の金属からなる1次粒子が集合した2次粒子からなり、この2次粒子の粒子径は5nm以上かつ300nm以下であり、この2次粒子の最外層は、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)、ニッケル(Ni)から選択された1種または2種以上の元素を50重量%以上含有してなることを特徴とする。 That is, the black material of the present invention is composed of secondary particles in which primary particles made of metal having a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less are aggregated, and the particle diameter of the secondary particles is 5 nm or more and 300 nm or less. The outermost layer of the secondary particles is characterized by containing 50% by weight or more of one or more elements selected from silver (Ag), tin (Sn), and nickel (Ni) .
前記2次粒子は、内部に空間部が形成されていることが好ましい。
前記2次粒子は、前記最外層または前記最外層を含む複数層からなる外殻層の内側に空間部が形成されていることが好ましい。
前記2次粒子は、核となる物質の外表面を前記最外層または前記最外層を含む複数層からなる外殻層により被覆してなるコアシェル状であることが好ましい。
前記外殻層は、緻密であることが好ましい。
The secondary particles preferably have a space formed therein.
The secondary particles preferably have a space formed inside the outermost layer or an outer shell layer including a plurality of layers including the outermost layer.
The secondary particles preferably have a core-shell shape in which the outer surface of a substance serving as a nucleus is covered with the outermost layer or an outer shell layer including a plurality of layers including the outermost layer.
The outer shell layer is preferably dense.
本発明の黒色材料によれば、粒子径が1nm以上かつ200nm以下の金属からなる1次粒子が集合した2次粒子からなり、この2次粒子の粒子径は5nm以上かつ300nm以下であり、この2次粒子の最外層を銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)、ニッケル(Ni)から選択された1種または2種以上の元素を50重量%以上含有してなることとしたので、黒色材料自体の黒色度を高めることができ、光遮蔽性も向上させることができる。 According to the black material of the present invention, the secondary particles are composed of secondary particles in which primary particles made of a metal having a particle size of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, and the particle size of the secondary particles is 5 nm or more and 300 nm or less. Since the outermost layer of the secondary particles contains 50% by weight or more of one or more elements selected from silver (Ag), tin (Sn), and nickel (Ni) , the black material itself The blackness can be increased, and the light shielding property can also be improved.
また、この黒色材料を用いて黒色塗膜を作製した場合においても、塗膜の強度が低下する虞が無く、塗膜を長期間に亘って維持することができる。
さらに、2次粒子の最外層を、Ag、Sn、Niから選択された1種または2種以上の元素を50重量%以上含有した構成としたので、環境負荷が小さく、安価である。
以上により、黒色度が高く、かつ光遮蔽性に優れ、しかも環境負荷が小さく、安価な黒色材料を提供することができる。
Moreover, even when a black coating film is produced using this black material, there is no possibility that the strength of the coating film is reduced, and the coating film can be maintained for a long period of time.
Furthermore, since the outermost layer of the secondary particles is configured to contain 50% by weight or more of one or more elements selected from Ag, Sn, and Ni , the environmental load is small and inexpensive.
As described above, it is possible to provide an inexpensive black material having high blackness, excellent light shielding properties, and low environmental load.
本発明の黒色材料の最良の形態について説明する。
なお、この形態は、発明の趣旨をより良く理解させるために具体的に説明するものであり、特に指定のない限り、本発明を限定するものではない。
The best mode of the black material of the present invention will be described.
This embodiment is specifically described for better understanding of the gist of the invention, and does not limit the present invention unless otherwise specified.
本実施形態の黒色材料は、粒子径が1nm以上かつ200nm以下の金属および/または金属酸化物からなる1次粒子が集合した2次粒子からなり、この2次粒子の粒子径は5nm以上かつ300nm以下であり、この2次粒子の最外層がAu、Pt、Pd、Ag、Ru、Cu、Si、Ti、Sn、Niから選択された1種または2種以上の元素またはこれらの酸化物を50重量%以上含有してなる黒色材料である。 The black material of the present embodiment is composed of secondary particles in which primary particles made of metal and / or metal oxide having a particle size of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less are aggregated, and the particle size of the secondary particles is 5 nm or more and 300 nm. The outermost layer of the secondary particles is composed of one or more elements selected from Au, Pt, Pd, Ag, Ru, Cu, Si, Ti, Sn, and Ni, or an oxide thereof. It is a black material containing at least wt%.
この2次粒子は、その最外層がAu、Pt、Pd、Ag、Ru、Cu、Si、Ti、Sn、Niから選択された1種または2種以上の元素またはこれらの酸化物を50重量%以上含有したものであればよく、この最外層を除く部分の材料組成については、限定されない。 This secondary particle has an outermost layer of 50% by weight of one or more elements selected from Au, Pt, Pd, Ag, Ru, Cu, Si, Ti, Sn, and Ni or oxides thereof. Any material may be used as long as it is contained, and the material composition of the portion excluding the outermost layer is not limited.
この2次粒子は、内部に空間部が形成されている形態が最も好ましく、次いで、複数層からなる外殻層の内側に空間部が形成されている形態、もしくは、核となる物質の外表面を前記最外層または前記最外層を含む複数層からなる外殻層により被覆してなるコアシェル状である形態が好ましい。 The secondary particles are most preferably in the form in which a space portion is formed inside, and then in the form in which a space portion is formed inside the outer shell layer composed of a plurality of layers, or the outer surface of a substance that serves as a nucleus. It is preferable that the core is in the form of a core shell formed by coating the outermost layer or a plurality of outer shell layers including the outermost layer.
次に、この黒色材料の断面形状について説明する。
この黒色材料は、次の様な様々な構造を採ることができる。
(1)密構造
図1は、本実施形態の黒色材料の断面構造を模式的に示す断面図であり、図において、1は黒色材料であり、粒子径が1nm以上かつ200nm以下の金属および/または金属酸化物からなる1次粒子2が集合して、粒子径が5nm以上かつ300nm以下の2次粒子3とされ、この2次粒子3の最外層はAu、Pt、Pd、Ag、Ru、Cu、Si、Ti、Sn、Niから選択された1種または2種以上の元素またはこれらの酸化物を50重量%以上含有した1次粒子である微粒子4により構成されている。この黒色材料1は、1次粒子2が密に集合したことにより、内部に空間部の無い密構造になっている。
Next, the cross-sectional shape of this black material will be described.
This black material can take various structures as follows.
(1) Dense structure FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing a cross-sectional structure of a black material of the present embodiment. In the figure, 1 is a black material, and a metal having a particle diameter of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less and / or Alternatively,
(2)中空構造(その1)
図2は、本実施形態の黒色材料の断面構造の他の例を模式的に示す断面図であり、この黒色材料11が図1の黒色材料1と異なる点は、2次粒子3の内部に空間部12を形成した点である。
(2) Hollow structure (1)
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the cross-sectional structure of the black material of the present embodiment. The
(3)中空構造(その2)
図3は、本実施形態の黒色材料の断面構造の他の例を模式的に示す断面図であり、この黒色材料21が図2の黒色材料11と異なる点は、微粒子4のみにより緻密な外殻層22を構成し、この外殻層22の内側を空間部23とした点である。
この外殻層22は、ここでは、微粒子4のみの1層としたが、2層以上の複数層からなる構成としてもよい。
(3) Hollow structure (2)
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the cross-sectional structure of the black material of the present embodiment. The
Here, the
(4)コアシェル構造
図4は、本実施形態の黒色材料の断面構造の他の例を模式的に示す断面図であり、この黒色材料31が図1の黒色材料1と異なる点は、粒子状の核32の外表面を微粒子4のみからなる緻密な外殻層22により被覆した構成である。
核32を構成する物質としては、特に限定されないが、外殻層22を構成する微粒子4と密着性に優れている物質が好ましく、例えば、酸化ケイ素(SiO2)、酸化チタン(TiO2)、酸化ジルコニウム(ZrO2)等が好適に用いられる。
(4) Core-shell structure FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view schematically showing another example of the cross-sectional structure of the black material of the present embodiment. The
The substance constituting the
これらの黒色材料1〜31は、通常の微粒子合成法を用いて作製することができる。微粒子合成法としては、気相反応法、噴霧熱分解法、アトマイズ法、液相反応法、凍結乾燥法、水熱合成法等、いずれの方法を用いても良い。 These black materials 1 to 31 can be produced using a normal fine particle synthesis method. As the fine particle synthesis method, any method such as a gas phase reaction method, a spray pyrolysis method, an atomization method, a liquid phase reaction method, a freeze-drying method, or a hydrothermal synthesis method may be used.
本実施形態の黒色材料によれば、粒子径が1nm以上かつ200nm以下の金属および/または金属酸化物からなる1次粒子が集合した2次粒子からなり、この2次粒子の粒子径は5nm以上かつ300nm以下であり、この2次粒子の最外層をAu、Pt、Pd、Ag、Ru、Cu、Si、Ti、Sn、Niから選択された1種または2種以上の元素またはこれらの酸化物を50重量%以上含有してなることで、黒色度を高めることができ、光遮蔽性も向上させることができる。 According to the black material of the present embodiment, the secondary particles are composed of secondary particles in which primary particles composed of metals and / or metal oxides having a particle size of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less, and the particle size of the secondary particles is 5 nm or more. And the outermost layer of the secondary particles is one or more elements selected from Au, Pt, Pd, Ag, Ru, Cu, Si, Ti, Sn, Ni, or oxides thereof. By containing 50% by weight or more, the blackness can be increased and the light shielding property can be improved.
以下、実施例1〜6及び比較例1〜3により本発明を具体的に説明するが、本発明はこれらの実施例によって限定されるものではない。 EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated concretely by Examples 1-6 and Comparative Examples 1-3, this invention is not limited by these Examples.
(実施例1)
錫コロイド(平均粒子径:90nm、固形分:30重量%、住友大阪セメント社製)を10g分取し、これに純水を加え、全容量が300mlのA液を得た。また、硝酸銀1.5gおよびチオ硫酸ナトリウム33gを秤量・混合し、これに純水を加えて水溶液とし、この水溶液に濃アンモニア水(NH3:28%)を5ml加え、さらに純水を加え、全容量が100mlのB液を得た。
次いで、これらA液とB液をマグネチックスターラを用いて10分間混合し、次いで、遠心分離により洗浄を行い、固形分が15%のC液を得た。
Example 1
10 g of a tin colloid (average particle size: 90 nm, solid content: 30% by weight, manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd.) was collected, and pure water was added thereto to obtain a liquid A having a total volume of 300 ml. Further, 1.5 g of silver nitrate and 33 g of sodium thiosulfate were weighed and mixed, and pure water was added thereto to form an aqueous solution. To this aqueous solution, 5 ml of concentrated aqueous ammonia (NH 3 : 28%) was added, and further pure water was added. B liquid with a total volume of 100 ml was obtained.
Next, these liquid A and liquid B were mixed for 10 minutes using a magnetic stirrer, and then washed by centrifugation to obtain liquid C having a solid content of 15%.
このC液中の粒子の形状を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により観察したところ、粒子径が50〜90nmの粒子の表面を、粒子径が10〜30nmの粒子が覆う形状であった。
また、このC液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、実施例1の粉末試料を作製し、この粉末試料中の生成相をX線回折装置を用いて同定した。
図5は、実施例1の粉末試料の粉末X線回折図形を示す図であり、図中、○印は錫(Sn)の回折線、△印はAg4Sn合金相またはAg3Sn合金相の回折線である。
この粉末X線回折図形と上記の合成手順により、C液中の粒子は、核となるSn粒子の表面をAg・Sn合金微粒子で覆ったコアシェル構造であることが分かった。
When the shape of the particles in the liquid C was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the particles having a particle diameter of 50 to 90 nm were covered with particles having a particle diameter of 10 to 30 nm.
Further, the particles were separated from this C liquid by a filtration method and then dried to produce a powder sample of Example 1, and the product phase in this powder sample was identified using an X-ray diffractometer.
FIG. 5 is a diagram showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder sample of Example 1. In the figure, ◯ indicates a tin (Sn) diffraction line, and Δ indicates an Ag 4 Sn alloy phase or an Ag 3 Sn alloy phase. Diffraction lines.
From this powder X-ray diffraction pattern and the above synthesis procedure, it was found that the particles in the liquid C had a core-shell structure in which the surface of Sn particles serving as nuclei was covered with Ag / Sn alloy fine particles.
次いで、このC液に、C液中の固形分:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、超音波分散機(ソニファイヤー450:BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚み1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色の塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。
Next, a PVA aqueous solution was added to this liquid C so as to have a volume ratio of solid content in liquid C: PVA = 50: 50, and dispersed with an ultrasonic disperser (Sonifer 450: manufactured by BRANSON ULTRASONICS). Then, it was left still for 1 hour to make a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution.
次いで、この黒色膜を室温(25℃)にて乾燥後、膜厚測定機テンコール(テンコール社)により膜厚を測定し、分光スペクトルメーターにより550nmの波長の光に対する黒色膜自体の光透過率を測定した。
また、この黒色膜の黒色度を評価するために、この黒色膜のCIE明度L*を、CIE(国際照明委員会)により規格化されたL*a*b*表色系に基づいて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
Next, after drying the black film at room temperature (25 ° C.), the film thickness is measured with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (Tencor), and the light transmittance of the black film itself with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is measured with a spectrospectrometer. It was measured.
In order to evaluate the blackness of the black film, the CIE brightness L * of the black film was measured based on the L * a * b * color system standardized by the CIE (International Commission on Illumination). . These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例2)
実施例1で得たC液に純水を加えて10倍に希釈し、この希釈液に酒石酸水溶液(酒石酸:5%)を100g加えて10分間攪拌し、次いで、遠心分離により洗浄を行い、固形分が15%のD液を得た。
このD液中の粒子の形状を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により観察したところ、粒子径が50〜90nmで内部に空間部が形成された中空状の粒子が多数存在していることが分かった。この中空粒子は、粒子径が10〜30nmの粒子が集合した形状であった。
(Example 2)
Pure water was added to the liquid C obtained in Example 1 to dilute it 10 times, and 100 g of an aqueous tartaric acid solution (tartaric acid: 5%) was added to this diluted liquid and stirred for 10 minutes, and then washed by centrifugation. A liquid D having a solid content of 15% was obtained.
When the shape of the particles in the liquid D was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), it was found that there were a large number of hollow particles having a particle diameter of 50 to 90 nm and spaces inside. . The hollow particles had a shape in which particles having a particle diameter of 10 to 30 nm were aggregated.
また、このD液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、実施例2の粉末試料を作製し、この粉末試料中の生成相をX線回折装置を用いて同定した。
図6は、実施例2の粉末試料の粉末X線回折図形を示す図であり、図中、○印はSnの回折線、△印はAg4Sn合金相またはAg3Sn合金相の回折線である。
以上により、D液中の粒子は、Ag・Sn合金で構成された中空粒子であることが分かった。
Further, the particles were separated from the liquid D by a filtration method and then dried to produce a powder sample of Example 2, and the product phase in the powder sample was identified using an X-ray diffractometer.
FIG. 6 is a diagram showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder sample of Example 2. In the figure, ◯ indicates the Sn diffraction line, and Δ indicates the Ag 4 Sn alloy phase or Ag 3 Sn alloy phase diffraction line. It is.
From the above, it was found that the particles in the liquid D were hollow particles composed of an Ag / Sn alloy.
次いで、このD液に、D液中の固形分:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、超音波分散機(ソニファイヤー450:BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚み1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色の塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。
Next, a PVA aqueous solution was added to the D liquid so that the volume ratio of the solid content in the D liquid: PVA = 50: 50, and the dispersion was processed with an ultrasonic disperser (Sonifer 450: manufactured by BRANSON ULTRASONICS). Then, it was left still for 1 hour to make a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution.
次いで、この黒色膜を室温(25℃)にて乾燥した後、膜厚測定機テンコール(テンコール社)により膜厚を測定し、分光スペクトルメーターにより550nmの波長の光に対する黒色膜自体の光透過率を測定した。
また、この黒色膜のCIE明度L*を、CIEにより規格化されたL*a*b*表色系に基づいて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
Next, after drying the black film at room temperature (25 ° C.), the film thickness is measured with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (Tencor), and the light transmittance of the black film itself with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is measured with a spectrospectrometer. Was measured.
Further, the CIE lightness L * of this black film was measured based on the L * a * b * color system standardized by CIE. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例3)
実施例2で得たD液に純水を加えて10倍に希釈し、この希釈液をサンドミルを用いて5分間分散処理し、固形分が15%のE液を得た。
このE液中の粒子の形状を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により観察したところ、粒子径が10〜30nmの粒子が集合して粒子径が50〜150nmの粒子を形成していることが分かった。
(Example 3)
Pure water was added to the liquid D obtained in Example 2 to dilute it 10 times, and this diluted liquid was subjected to a dispersion treatment for 5 minutes using a sand mill to obtain liquid E having a solid content of 15%.
When the shape of the particles in the liquid E was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), it was found that particles having a particle size of 10 to 30 nm gathered to form particles having a particle size of 50 to 150 nm. .
また、このE液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、実施例3の粉末試料を作製し、この粉末試料中の生成相をX線回折装置を用いて同定した。
図7は、実施例3の粉末試料の粉末X線回折図形を示す図であり、図中、△印はAg4Sn合金相またはAg3Sn合金相の回折線である。
以上により、E液中の粒子は、Ag・Sn合金微粒子が集合した粒子であることが分かった。
Further, the particles were separated from the E solution by a filtration method and then dried to produce a powder sample of Example 3, and the product phase in the powder sample was identified using an X-ray diffractometer.
FIG. 7 is a diagram showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder sample of Example 3. In the drawing, Δ marks are diffraction lines of the Ag 4 Sn alloy phase or the Ag 3 Sn alloy phase.
From the above, it was found that the particles in the E liquid are particles in which Ag · Sn alloy fine particles are aggregated.
次いで、このE液に、E液中の固形分:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、超音波分散機(ソニファイヤー450:BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚み1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色の塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。
Subsequently, PVA aqueous solution was added to this E liquid so that it might become the volume ratio of solid content in P liquid: PVA = 50: 50, and the dispersion process was carried out with the ultrasonic disperser (Sonifer 450: made by BRANSON ULTRASONICS). Then, it was left still for 1 hour to make a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution.
次いで、この黒色膜を室温(25℃)にて乾燥した後、膜厚測定機テンコール(テンコール社)により膜厚を測定し、分光スペクトルメーターにより550nmの波長の光に対する黒色膜自体の光透過率を測定した。
また、この黒色膜のCIE明度L*を、CIEにより規格化されたL*a*b*表色系に基づいて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
Next, after drying the black film at room temperature (25 ° C.), the film thickness is measured with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (Tencor), and the light transmittance of the black film itself with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is measured with a spectrospectrometer. Was measured.
Further, the CIE lightness L * of this black film was measured based on the L * a * b * color system standardized by CIE. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(参考例1)
ぶどう糖2.3gと酒石酸0.2gとエタノール4gに水を加え,全重量が50gのF液を得た。また、硝酸銀1.5gに濃アンモニア水(NH3:28%)を5ml加え、さらに純水を加え、全重量が50gのG液を得た。
次いで、これらF液とG液を混合し、この混合液を実施例1で用いたA液に加え、この溶液を攪拌しながら、この溶液に0.05Nの水酸化ナトリウム水溶液10gをゆっくり滴下した。次いで、この溶液をマグネチックスターラを用いて10分間攪拌し、その後、遠心分離により洗浄を行い、固形分が15%のH液を得た。
( Reference Example 1 )
Water was added to 2.3 g of glucose, 0.2 g of tartaric acid and 4 g of ethanol to obtain a liquid F having a total weight of 50 g. Further, 5 ml of concentrated aqueous ammonia (NH 3 : 28%) was added to 1.5 g of silver nitrate, and pure water was further added to obtain a liquid G having a total weight of 50 g.
Subsequently, these F liquid and G liquid were mixed, this mixed liquid was added to the A liquid used in Example 1, and 10 g of 0.05N sodium hydroxide aqueous solution was slowly dripped at this solution, stirring this solution. . Next, this solution was stirred for 10 minutes using a magnetic stirrer and then washed by centrifugation to obtain a liquid H having a solid content of 15%.
このH液中の粒子の形状を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により観察したところ、粒子径が80〜100nmの表面が滑らかな粒子であった。
また、このH液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、実施例4の粉末試料を作製し、この粉末試料中の生成相をX線回折装置を用いて同定した。
図8は、参考例1の粉末試料の粉末X線回折図形を示す図であり、図中、○印はSnの回折線、×印は銀(Ag)の回折線、△印はAg4Sn合金相またはAg3Sn合金相の回折線である。
以上により、H液中の粒子は、表面がAgとAg・Sn合金の緻密な層で構成されていることが分かった。
When the shape of the particles in the liquid H was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the particles having a particle diameter of 80 to 100 nm were smooth particles.
Further, the particles were separated from this H liquid by a filtration method and then dried to produce a powder sample of Example 4, and the product phase in this powder sample was identified using an X-ray diffractometer.
FIG. 8 is a diagram showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder sample of Reference Example 1. In the figure, ◯ represents a Sn diffraction line, X represents a silver (Ag) diffraction line, and Δ represents Ag 4 Sn. a diffraction line of the alloy phase or Ag 3 Sn alloy phase.
From the above, it was found that the surface of the particles in the liquid H was composed of a dense layer of Ag and Ag / Sn alloy.
次いで、このH液に、H液中の固形分:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、超音波分散機(ソニファイヤー450:BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚み1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色の塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。
Next, a PVA aqueous solution was added to the H liquid so that the volume ratio of the solid content in the H liquid: PVA = 50: 50, and the dispersion was processed with an ultrasonic disperser (Sonifer 450: manufactured by BRANSON ULTRASONICS). Then, it was left still for 1 hour to make a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution.
次いで、この黒色膜を室温(25℃)にて乾燥した後、膜厚測定機テンコール(テンコール社)により膜厚を測定し、分光スペクトルメーターにより550nmの波長の光に対する黒色膜自体の光透過率を測定した。
また、この黒色膜のCIE明度L*を、CIEにより規格化されたL*a*b*表色系に基づいて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
Next, after drying the black film at room temperature (25 ° C.), the film thickness is measured with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (Tencor), and the light transmittance of the black film itself with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is measured with a spectrospectrometer. Was measured.
Further, the CIE lightness L * of this black film was measured based on the L * a * b * color system standardized by CIE. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(参考例2)
参考例1で得たH液に純水を加えて10倍に希釈し、この希釈液に酒石酸水溶液(酒石酸:5%)を100g加えて10分間攪拌し、次いで、遠心分離により洗浄を行い、固形分が15%のI液を得た。
このI液中の粒子の形状を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により観察したところ、粒子径が80〜100nmの中空状の粒子が多数存在し、この中空状の粒子は緻密な外殻層で形成されていることが分かった。
( Reference Example 2 )
Pure water was added to the liquid H obtained in Reference Example 1 to dilute it 10 times, and 100 g of an aqueous tartaric acid solution (tartaric acid: 5%) was added to the diluted liquid, stirred for 10 minutes, and then washed by centrifugation. A liquid I having a solid content of 15% was obtained.
When the shape of the particles in the liquid I was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), a large number of hollow particles having a particle diameter of 80 to 100 nm existed, and these hollow particles were formed by a dense outer shell layer. I found out that
また、このI液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、参考例2の粉末試料を作製し、この粉末試料中の生成相をX線回折装置を用いて同定した。
図9は、参考例2の粉末試料の粉末X線回折図形を示す図であり、図中、○印はSnの回折線、△印はAg4Sn合金相またはAg3Sn合金相の回折線である。
以上により、I液中の緻密な外殻層で形成されている中空状の粒子は、Ag・Sn合金で構成されていることが分かった。
Further, the particles were separated from this liquid I by a filtration method, and then dried to produce a powder sample of Reference Example 2 , and the product phase in this powder sample was identified using an X-ray diffractometer.
FIG. 9 is a diagram showing a powder X-ray diffraction pattern of the powder sample of Reference Example 2. In the figure, ◯ indicates a diffraction line of Sn, and Δ indicates a diffraction line of an Ag 4 Sn alloy phase or an Ag 3 Sn alloy phase. It is.
From the above, it was found that the hollow particles formed of the dense outer shell layer in the liquid I were composed of an Ag / Sn alloy.
次いで、このI液に、I液中の固形分:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、超音波分散機(ソニファイヤー450:BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚み1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色の塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。
Next, a PVA aqueous solution was added to the liquid I so that the volume ratio of solid content in the liquid I: PVA = 50: 50, and the mixture was dispersed using an ultrasonic disperser (Sonifer 450: manufactured by BRANSON ULTRASONICS). Then, it was left still for 1 hour to make a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution.
次いで、この黒色膜を室温(25℃)にて乾燥した後、膜厚測定機テンコール(テンコール社)により膜厚を測定し、分光スペクトルメーターにより550nmの波長の光に対する黒色膜自体の光透過率を測定した。
また、この黒色膜のCIE明度L*を、CIEにより規格化されたL*a*b*表色系に基づいて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
Next, after drying the black film at room temperature (25 ° C.), the film thickness is measured with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (Tencor), and the light transmittance of the black film itself with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is measured with a spectrospectrometer. Was measured.
Further, the CIE lightness L * of this black film was measured based on the L * a * b * color system standardized by CIE. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(実施例4)
純水100に、塩化ニッケル粉末(NiCl2・6H2O)1.19gと、塩化錫(SnCl2・2H2O)100gを純水に溶解して全量を1リットル(L)とした塩化錫水溶液33.8mlを溶解し、この溶液に、さらに、ピロリン酸カリウム粉末9.9g、酒石酸7.5g、グリシン0.82gを加え、10分間攪拌した。
( Example 4 )
In pure water 100, 1.19 g of nickel chloride powder (NiCl 2 · 6H 2 O) and 100 g of tin chloride (SnCl 2 · 2H 2 O) were dissolved in pure water to make a total volume of 1 liter (L) 33.8 ml of an aqueous solution was dissolved, and 9.9 g of potassium pyrophosphate powder, 7.5 g of tartaric acid and 0.82 g of glycine were further added to this solution, and the mixture was stirred for 10 minutes.
その後、この溶液に1%ポリビニルピロリドン水溶液を5.0g加え、さらに、5NのNaOH水溶液を滴下し、この溶液のpHを8.5に調整した。
次いで、この溶液を55℃に保持した状態で、水素化ホウ素ナトリウム1.1gを純水50gに溶解して得られた溶液を一気に投入し、1時間攪拌した。その後、遠心分離により洗浄を行い、固形分が10%のJ液を得た。
Thereafter, 5.0 g of 1% polyvinylpyrrolidone aqueous solution was added to this solution, and 5N NaOH aqueous solution was further added dropwise to adjust the pH of this solution to 8.5.
Next, with this solution maintained at 55 ° C., a solution obtained by dissolving 1.1 g of sodium borohydride in 50 g of pure water was added all at once and stirred for 1 hour. Then, it wash | cleaned by centrifugation and obtained J liquid whose solid content is 10%.
このJ液中の粒子の形状を透過型電子顕微鏡(TEM)により観察したところ、粒子径が1〜10nmの粒子が、粒子径が20〜30nmの粒子の表面を覆うように付着しており、粒子径が30〜50nmの2次粒子を形成していることが分かった。 When the shape of the particles in the liquid J was observed with a transmission electron microscope (TEM), the particles having a particle diameter of 1 to 10 nm were attached so as to cover the surfaces of the particles having a particle diameter of 20 to 30 nm. It was found that secondary particles having a particle diameter of 30 to 50 nm were formed.
また、このJ液から濾過法により粒子を分離し、その後乾燥させて、実施例4の粉末試料を作製し、この粉末試料の元素分析を電子プローブマイクロアナライザ(EPMA)を用いて行ったところ、Ni、Snおよび微量のBが検出された。
この粉末試料中の生成相をX線回折装置を用いて同定したところ、NiとSnの回折線が検出された。
この粉末X線回折図形と上記の合成手順により、J液中の粒子は、核となるNi粒子の表面をSn微粒子で覆ったコアシェル構造であることが分かった。
In addition, the particles were separated from the J liquid by a filtration method, and then dried to produce a powder sample of Example 4 , and elemental analysis of the powder sample was performed using an electronic probe microanalyzer (EPMA). Ni, Sn, and a trace amount of B were detected.
When the product phase in the powder sample was identified using an X-ray diffractometer, Ni and Sn diffraction lines were detected.
From the powder X-ray diffraction pattern and the synthesis procedure described above, it was found that the particles in the liquid J had a core-shell structure in which the surfaces of Ni particles serving as nuclei were covered with Sn fine particles.
次いで、このJ液に、J液中の固形分:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、超音波分散機(ソニファイヤー450:BRANSON ULTRASONICS社製)にて分散処理した後、1時間静置し、塗布液とした。
次いで、この塗布液をスピンコート法により厚み1.1mmのガラス基板上に塗布し、黒色の塗膜とした。ここでは、塗布液中の水分量を調整することにより、塗膜の厚みを0.5μmとした。
Next, a PVA aqueous solution was added to the liquid J so that the volume ratio of the solid content in the liquid J: PVA = 50: 50, and the dispersion was processed with an ultrasonic disperser (Sonifer 450: manufactured by BRANSON ULTRASONICS). Then, it was left still for 1 hour to make a coating solution.
Next, this coating solution was applied on a glass substrate having a thickness of 1.1 mm by a spin coating method to form a black coating film. Here, the thickness of the coating film was set to 0.5 μm by adjusting the amount of water in the coating solution.
次いで、この黒色膜を室温(25℃)にて乾燥後、膜厚測定機テンコール(テンコール社)により膜厚を測定し、分光スペクトルメーターにより550nmの波長の光に対する黒色膜自体の光透過率を測定した。
また、この黒色膜の黒色度を評価するために、この黒色膜のCIE明度L*を、CIE(国際照明委員会)により規格化されたL*a*b*表色系に基づいて測定した。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
Next, after drying the black film at room temperature (25 ° C.), the film thickness is measured with a film thickness measuring instrument Tencor (Tencor), and the light transmittance of the black film itself with respect to light having a wavelength of 550 nm is measured with a spectrospectrometer. It was measured.
In order to evaluate the blackness of the black film, the CIE brightness L * of the black film was measured based on the L * a * b * color system standardized by the CIE (International Commission on Illumination). . These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(比較例1)
カーボンブラック(HA3、東海カーボン社製)に、実施例1と同様にカーボンブラック:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、実施例1と同様に分散処理、塗布液中の水分量の調整、ガラス基板上への塗布を行い、厚みが0.5μmの黒色の塗膜を作製した。
次いで、実施例1と同様にして、この黒色膜の乾燥、膜厚の測定、光透過率の測定、CIE明度L*の測定を行った。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
(Comparative Example 1)
Carbon black (HA3, manufactured by Tokai Carbon Co., Ltd.) was added with an aqueous PVA solution so as to have a volume ratio of carbon black: PVA = 50: 50 in the same manner as in Example 1. The water content was adjusted and applied onto a glass substrate to prepare a black coating film having a thickness of 0.5 μm.
Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the black film was dried, the film thickness was measured, the light transmittance was measured, and the CIE brightness L * was measured. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(比較例2)
チタンブラック(13M、ジェムコ社製)に、実施例1と同様にチタンブラック:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、実施例1と同様に分散処理、塗布液中の水分量の調整、ガラス基板上への塗布を行い、厚みが0.5μmの黒色の塗膜を作製した。
次いで、実施例1と同様にして、この黒色膜の乾燥、膜厚の測定、光透過率の測定、CIE明度L*の測定を行った。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
(Comparative Example 2)
To titanium black (13M, manufactured by Gemco), a PVA aqueous solution was added so that the volume ratio of titanium black: PVA = 50: 50 was the same as in Example 1, and the dispersion treatment and coating solution were in the same manner as in Example 1. Adjustment of the amount of water and application on a glass substrate were performed to produce a black coating film having a thickness of 0.5 μm.
Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the black film was dried, the film thickness was measured, the light transmittance was measured, and the CIE brightness L * was measured. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
(比較例3)
銀ナノ粒子(住友大阪セメント社製)に、実施例1と同様に銀ナノ粒子:PVA=50:50の体積比となるようにPVA水溶液を加え、実施例1と同様に分散処理、塗布液中の水分量の調整、ガラス基板上への塗布を行い、厚みが0.5μmの黒色の塗膜を作製した。
次いで、実施例1と同様にして、この黒色膜の乾燥、膜厚の測定、光透過率の測定、CIE明度L*の測定を行った。これらの測定結果を表1に示す。
(Comparative Example 3)
PVA aqueous solution was added to the silver nanoparticles (manufactured by Sumitomo Osaka Cement Co., Ltd.) so that the volume ratio of silver nanoparticles: PVA = 50: 50 was the same as in Example 1. Adjustment of the moisture content therein and application onto a glass substrate were carried out to produce a black coating film having a thickness of 0.5 μm.
Next, in the same manner as in Example 1, the black film was dried, the film thickness was measured, the light transmittance was measured, and the CIE brightness L * was measured. These measurement results are shown in Table 1.
この表によれば、実施例1〜4の黒色膜は、比較例1〜3に対して光透過率が低く、CIE明度L*も優れており、遮光性及び黒色度に優れていることが確認された。
一方、比較例1、2の黒色膜は光透過率が高く、実施例1〜4の黒色膜に対して遮光性が劣っていることが分かった。
また、比較例3の黒色膜は、実施例1〜4とほぼ同様の遮光性が得られるものの、膜の色は灰色であり、色調の点で問題があった。
According to this table, the black films of Examples 1 to 4 have lower light transmittance than Comparative Examples 1 to 3, excellent CIE lightness L *, and excellent light shielding properties and blackness. confirmed.
On the other hand, it was found that the black films of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 had high light transmittance and were inferior in light shielding properties to the black films of Examples 1 to 4 .
Moreover, although the black film of the comparative example 3 obtained the light shielding property substantially the same as Examples 1-4 , the color of the film | membrane was gray and there existed a problem in the point of the color tone.
本発明の黒色材料は、黒色度、遮光性に優れ、しかも安価であるから、黒色度または遮光性、あるいは黒色度および遮光性が求められるあらゆる物に適用可能である。例えば、黒色光遮蔽性フイルム、黒色光遮蔽性ガラス、黒色紙、黒色布、黒色インキ、プラズマディスプレイ(PDP)や液晶ディスプレイ(LCD)等の表示装置向けのブラックマトリックス材料、ブラックシール材、ブラックマスク材等としても利用できる。 Since the black material of the present invention is excellent in blackness and light shielding properties and inexpensive, it can be applied to any material that requires blackness or light shielding properties, or blackness and light shielding properties. For example, black light shielding film, black light shielding glass, black paper, black cloth, black ink, black matrix material for display devices such as plasma display (PDP) and liquid crystal display (LCD), black seal material, black mask It can also be used as a material.
1、11、21、31 黒色材料
2 1次粒子
3 2次粒子
4 微粒子
12、23 空間部
22 緻密な外殻層
32 粒子状の核
DESCRIPTION OF
Claims (5)
この2次粒子の粒子径は5nm以上かつ300nm以下であり、
この2次粒子の最外層は、銀(Ag)、錫(Sn)、ニッケル(Ni)から選択された1種または2種以上の元素を50重量%以上含有してなることを特徴とする黒色材料。 It consists of secondary particles in which primary particles made of metal having a particle size of 1 nm or more and 200 nm or less are assembled,
The particle diameter of the secondary particles is 5 nm or more and 300 nm or less,
The outermost layer of the secondary particles contains at least 50% by weight of one or more elements selected from silver (Ag), tin (Sn), and nickel (Ni). material.
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| JP2004273348A JP4237122B2 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2004-09-21 | Black material |
| CN2012101536375A CN102702802A (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black material, black particle dispersion liquid, black light-blocking film using same, and base with black light-blocking film |
| KR1020077003791A KR101008747B1 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black material, black fine particle dispersion, and black light shielding film and base material with black light shielding film using this |
| PCT/JP2005/017178 WO2006033305A1 (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black material, black particle dispersion liquid, black light-blocking film using same, and base with black light-blocking film |
| TW101136174A TW201302930A (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black particle, black particle dispersion liquid, black shading film and substrate with black shading film |
| TW094131972A TWI395795B (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black material, black particle dispersion liquid, black shading film and substrate with black shading film |
| CN200580031598XA CN101031621B (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black materials, black particle dispersions, black light-shielding films using them, and substrates with black light-shielding films |
| CN2010102670300A CN101914316B (en) | 2004-09-21 | 2005-09-16 | Black material, black particle dispersion liquid, black light-blocking film using same, and base with black light-blocking film |
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| WO2007015573A1 (en) * | 2005-08-02 | 2007-02-08 | Fujifilm Corporation | Black ink composition, inkjet-recording method, recorded material, and black dispersion |
| JP2007304207A (en) * | 2006-05-09 | 2007-11-22 | Fujifilm Corp | Color filter, manufacturing method thereof, and liquid crystal display device |
| JP4948914B2 (en) * | 2006-06-20 | 2012-06-06 | 富士フイルム株式会社 | Black dispersion containing fine metal particles, coloring composition, photosensitive transfer material, substrate with light-shielding image, color filter, and liquid crystal display device |
| JP5092637B2 (en) * | 2007-09-12 | 2012-12-05 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Method for producing core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, core-shell type silver-tin composite particles, black material, black light shielding film, and black particle dispersion |
| WO2012026577A1 (en) * | 2010-08-26 | 2012-03-01 | 住友大阪セメント株式会社 | Black film, substrate provided with black film, image display device, black resin composition, and black material dispersion liquid |
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| JP3687745B2 (en) * | 2002-03-18 | 2005-08-24 | 信越化学工業株式会社 | Highly dispersible metal powder, method for producing the same, and conductive paste containing the metal powder |
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