JP4244765B2 - Work machine and its assembly / disassembly method - Google Patents

Description

The present invention relates to a work machine such as a dismantling machine configured by attaching a work attachment to a base machine, and an assembling / disassembling method thereof .

  A demolition machine with an ultra-long attachment used for demolition of a high-rise building will be described as an example.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the dismantling machine is provided at the front portion of a base machine A comprising a crawler type lower traveling body 1 and an upper revolving body 2 mounted on the lower traveling body 1 so as to be rotatable about a vertical axis. A work attachment B having a long boom 3 is mounted.

  The boom 3 of this work attachment B has first, second, third, and fourth booms 4, 5, 6, and 7 in order from the bottom as unit booms, and these are adjacent to each other. The base end portion (boom foot) of the first stage boom 4 is attached to the upper swing body 2.

  A first boom cylinder 8 for raising and lowering the entire boom 3 is provided between the upper swing body 2 and the first stage boom 4, and the second, third, and fourth stages are provided between adjacent stage booms. Each boom cylinder 9, 10, 11 is provided.

  The boom cylinders 8 to 11 are provided on the lower surface side of the boom, and the boom 3 as a whole is raised and lowered by the boom cylinders 8 to 11, and the connecting portions of the booms are connected as shown by a chain line or a broken line in FIG. 6. Bends and stretches as a joint.

  An opening / closing type crushing device 12 is provided at the tip of the boom 3 (tip of the fourth-stage boom 7). The crushing device 12 crushes the concrete lump and the like to dismantle the building (see Patent Document 1). ).

  In FIG. 6, reference numeral 13 denotes a crusher cylinder that rotates the crusher 12 up and down around a horizontal axis.

  In addition, as shown by the broken line in FIG. 6, each stage boom 4, 6, and 7 other than the short second stage boom 5 which becomes a turning point when the boom 3 is folded is the length and weight of the trailer during transportation. To exceed the limit, it is configured to be disassembled into multiple sections.

  As shown in enlarged views in FIGS. 7 and 8, the upper swing body 2 of the base machine A has an attachment mounting member (also referred to as an A frame or the like) 14 formed as a substantially triangular frame in a side view. The boom foot is attached to the attachment attachment member 14, and the first boom cylinder 8 is attached between the first stage boom 4 and the attachment attachment member 14.

  More specifically, a boom foot mounting portion 15 is provided at the upper end portion of the attachment mounting member 14, and the boom foot, that is, the most proximal section of the first stage boom 4 (hereinafter referred to as the first stage boom proximal end section). The base end portion of 4a is attached to the boom foot attaching portion 15 by a boom foot pin 16.

  Further, a cylinder mounting portion 17 is provided at a lower portion of the front end of the attachment mounting member 14, and a lower end (cylinder tube end) of the first boom cylinder 8 is mounted on the cylinder mounting portion 17 by a cylinder foot pin 18. The upper end (rod end) of the cylinder 8 is attached to a bracket 19 provided in the proximal end section 4a by a cylinder attachment pin 20.

6 and 7, 1a is a crawler of the lower traveling body 1, 2a is a cabin of the upper revolving body 2, and 2b is the engine exhaust pipe.
JP 7-310442 A

  In such a dismantling machine with an ultra-long attachment, a large force is required to undulate the attachment B. In particular, in this type of dismantling machine, as shown in FIG. 6, after assembling the attachment B with the boom 3 tilted to the ground, the entire attachment is made self-supporting by the first boom cylinder 8 and then tilted to the ground at the time of disassembly. , At this time, great force is required for the ups and downs.

  Here, as an element for determining the boom lifting force, the height indicated by the triangle shown in bold in FIG. 7, that is, the triangle formed by connecting the centers of the boom foot pin 16, the cylinder foot pin 18 and the cylinder mounting pin 20 ( If the height h can be increased, the cylinder thrust, that is, the cylinder diameter can be reduced to reduce the weight of the cylinder, which is advantageous for assembling / disassembling work.

  However, the position of the boom foot mounting portion 15 in the attachment mounting member 14 is determined under the condition that the overall height does not exceed the transport limit when transporting the trailer of the base machine A, and the height position is limited (base Therefore, the triangle height h cannot be set larger than the current level.

  Further, at the time of underground dismantling or the like, the boom 3 is inclined forward as shown in FIG. 8, but at this time, the triangle height dimension h becomes small, and a large undulating thrust cannot be obtained.

  As a result, a boom cylinder 8 having a large diameter and a heavy weight has to be used, so that the efficiency of assembly / disassembly work is poor and the transportation is disadvantageous.

  On the other hand, the rod end of the first boom cylinder 8 is removed from the base machine A (attachment attachment member 14) when the machine is disassembled, and the first boom cylinder 8 is transported by trailer together with the first stage boom base end section 4a in a state where the rod end is free. The

  For this reason, at the time of disassembly / assembly, it is necessary to detach the first boom cylinder 8 from the base machine A. Further, as described above, the cylinder 8 is thick and heavy, and this cylinder detaching operation is very troublesome. Since a means for fixing the free rod end during transportation is required, it was further disadvantageous in terms of assembly, disassembly and transportation of the dismantling machine.

  Therefore, the present invention can set the position of the boom foot to a position suitable for obtaining a large boom hoisting force without expanding the overall height of the base machine during transportation, and also allows the boom cylinder to be attached and detached during disassembly and assembly. It is an object of the present invention to provide a work machine that can be made unnecessary and a method for assembling and disassembling the work machine.

  The invention (work machine) according to claim 1 is the work machine in which the attachment attachment member is provided in the base machine, and the work attachment including the boom and the boom cylinder for raising and lowering the boom is attached to the attachment attachment member. An adapter that is detachably attached to the member, and the adapter has a portion protruding upward from the attachment mounting member in a state of being attached to the attachment mounting member, and the base end portion of the boom is provided on the protruding portion. A boom foot mounting portion to which the base end of the boom cylinder is mounted at a position lower than the boom foot mounting portion, and the boom foot mounting portion of the adapter is provided. Install the adapter on the attachment mounting member Those whose position set to be high than the highest point at the time of transportation of the base machine state.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a work machine in which an attachment mounting member is provided in a base machine, and a work attachment including a boom and a boom cylinder for raising and lowering the boom is mounted on the attachment mounting member. The adapter includes a detachable adapter, and the adapter has a portion that protrudes upward and forward from the attachment mounting member in a state of being attached to the attachment mounting member, and the base end portion of the boom is attached to the protruding portion. The boom foot mounting portion is provided, and a cylinder foot mounting portion to which the base end portion of the boom cylinder is mounted is provided at a position lower than the boom foot mounting portion. The boom foot mounting portion of the adapter is attached to the attachment. With the adapter attached to the member Than the highest point at the time of transportation of Sumashin those whose position is set to be high.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the configuration of the first or second aspect, as a means for detachably attaching the adapter to the attachment mounting member, a hydraulic detachable pin connecting means for operating a connecting pin by a stroke in a connecting / separating direction by hydraulic pressure those were et provided.

The invention according to claim 4 (method for assembling / disassembling the work machine) is the method for assembling / disassembling the work machine according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the base end of the boom is attached to the adapter during assembly. The boom cylinder is attached to the cylinder foot attachment portion of the adapter in the boom foot attachment portion, and the adapter is detached from the attachment attachment member and disassembled in this attachment state .

According to the first to third aspects of the present invention, the adapter is attached to and detached from the attachment mounting member of the base machine, and the base protrudes upward from the attachment mounting member in the adapter mounting state (also protrudes forward in claim 2). Since the boom foot mounting part is provided at a position higher than the highest point when the machine is transported, the boom foot can be set to a higher position than before, and when disassembling the base machine, The total height can be within the transport limits.

  That is, the height of the boom can be increased by increasing the triangular height during operation without expanding the overall height during transportation of the base machine.

In this case, according to the invention of claim 2, since the boom foot mounting portion can be set at the front position, a large boom hoisting force can be obtained even when the boom is tilted forward as in underground dismantling .

What slave, according to the invention of claims 1 to 3, since it is possible to use a small diameter to reduce the required thrust of the boom cylinder in the cylinder, the assembly, disassembly and transport to reduce the cylinder weight Is advantageous.

Further, according to the invention of claim 3 , since the adapter is connected to the mounting member main body by a hydraulic detachable pin, the adapter can be attached and detached easily and quickly only by hydraulic operation without manual operation of a thick and heavy pin. Can be done. For this reason, the efficiency of assembly / disassembly work can be further improved.

  By the way, depending on the type of work (e.g. dismantling of the high part and dismantling of the foundation part), there are cases in which multiple types of work attachments with different boom lengths and shapes are used properly. The position where the undulation force can be obtained is different.

In this regard, according to the first to third aspects of the invention, the boom foot can be set to the optimum position by properly using a plurality of types of adapters having different positions of the boom foot mounting portion in accordance with the work attachment.

In addition, according to the first to fourth aspects of the invention, the boom cylinder can be disassembled, transported, and reassembled with the boom cylinder attached between the adapter and the boom (the first-stage boom base end section in the above example). This eliminates the need for attaching / detaching the boom cylinder, which is advantageous for assembly, disassembly, and transportation.

  An embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS.

  In this embodiment, the dismantling machine with a super long attachment mentioned as the prior art is taken as an example of application.

  In the embodiment, the same parts as those shown in FIGS. 7 and 8 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description thereof is omitted.

  The basic structure of this dismantling machine is the same as that of the conventional dismantling machine shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, and an operation in which a long boom 3 is provided at the front part of the base machine A composed of the lower traveling body 1 and the upper turning body 2. Attachment B is attached.

  The upper swing body 2 of the base machine A is provided with an attachment mounting member 21 having a substantially triangular shape in a side view, and an adapter 22 is detachably mounted on the attachment mounting member 21.

  As shown in an enlarged view in FIG. 3, the attachment mounting member 21 is provided with an upper adapter mounting portion 23 with a pin hole at the apex portion and a lower adapter mounting portion 24 with a pin hole at the lower front end.

  The adapter 22 has a portion 25 that protrudes upward and forward from the member 21 in a state of being attached to the attachment attachment member 21, and a boom foot attachment portion 26 with a pin hole is provided at the protruding end portion thereof. A cylinder foot mounting portion 27 with a pin hole is provided at a lower front side than the boom foot mounting portion 26.

  Further, connecting portions 28 and 29 with pin holes are provided on both the upper and lower sides of the back side of the adapter 22, and the both side connecting portions 28 and 29 are the upper portions of the attachment mounting member 21 as shown by the solid line in FIG. And the lower adapter mounting portions 23 and 24 are detachably connected by connecting pins 30 and 30.

  As a result, the adapter 22 is attached to the attachment mounting member 21, the boom foot mounting portion 26 of the adapter 22 is connected to the boom foot, the cylinder foot mounting portion 27 is connected to the base end of the first boom cylinder 8, the boom foot pin 31, and the cylinder. It is attached by a foot pin 32.

  Further, when the attachment is disassembled and transported, the adapter 22 is removed from the attachment mounting member 21 as shown by a two-dot chain line in FIG.

  In this case, the first-stage boom base end section 4a and the first boom cylinder 8 are separated from the base machine A as a unit with the adapter 22 while being attached to the adapter 22, and are transported by trailer as a single unit. .

  On the other hand, the base machine A is transported by trailer alone as shown in FIG.

  Since the transport height is limited, the crawler 1a of the lower traveling body 1 is normally removed from the working state shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 as shown in FIG. In this embodiment, the upper part of the engine exhaust pipe 2b protruding upward from the upper swing body 2 is removed, and the upper end of the exhaust pipe in this state is the highest point of the base machine A.

  Here, the attachment mounting member 21 is positioned so as to be lower than the highest point during transportation of the base machine A.

  In FIG. 4, X indicates the overall height of the entire vehicle including the trailer in the trailer transportation state, and Y indicates the overall height of the base machine A. Note that the cabin 2a of the upper swing body 2 is in a state of being rotated 90 ° as illustrated in order to reduce the overall width dimension during transportation.

  The boom foot mounting portion 26 of the adapter 22 is higher than the highest point (upper end of the engine exhaust pipe with the upper portion removed in the embodiment) in the transportation state of the base machine A in the adapter mounted state, that is, It is set to a position that exceeds the transport limit height.

  According to this setting, as apparent from a comparison between FIG. 1 and FIG. 7, the triangle height dimension h at the time of work can be made larger than that in the case of the conventional machine. For this reason, the force which raises / lowers the boom 3 becomes large, and the required thrust of the 1st boom cylinder 8 can be small by that much.

  Further, since the boom foot is located in front of the conventional machine, as can be seen by comparing FIG. 2 and FIG. 8, the height of the triangle when the boom 3 is tilted forward for dismantling of the underground portion or the like. The length h can be increased. Also in this respect, the required thrust of the first boom cylinder 8 can be reduced.

  Accordingly, the cylinder 8 having a smaller diameter than that of the conventional machine can be used, and the weight of the cylinder can be reduced accordingly, which is advantageous in assembling / disassembling the work attachment B and transporting.

  In addition, since the adapter 22 is removed during transportation as described above, the transportation restriction height dimension X can be observed.

  In addition, as described above, the first boom cylinder 8 can be disassembled, transported, and reassembled as a single unit while the first boom cylinder 8 is attached between the adapter 22 and the first-stage boom base end section 4a. Therefore, since it is not necessary to remove the thick and heavy first boom cylinder 8, it is possible to improve the efficiency of disassembling and assembling the attachment B.

  By the way, there are cases where a plurality of types of work attachments B having different lengths and shapes of the boom 3 are used depending on the types of work such as dismantling work at a high place and dismantling work at a basic part, and the optimum boom foot is selected depending on the type of attachment. The position is different.

  Therefore, a plurality of types of adapters 22 with different positions of the boom foot mounting portion 26 in the vertical and front-rear directions are prepared in accordance with the work attachment B, and the boom foot can be set to the optimum position by using these differently. You may comprise.

  Alternatively, the boom foot attachment portions 26 may be provided at a plurality of positions of the adapter 22 and the boom foot may be set at different positions according to the work attachment B.

  In this embodiment, the following hydraulic detachable pin connection structure is adopted in order to facilitate the attachment / detachment of the adapter 22 with respect to the attachment mounting member 21.

  As shown in FIG. 5, the upper and lower side adapter mounting portions 23 and 24 of the attachment mounting member 21 and the upper and lower side connecting portions 28 and 29 of the adapter 22 are provided as a pair of left and right (up and down in FIG. 5). In the portion, hydraulic cylinders 30 and 30 as connecting pins are provided on the adapter 22 side.

  The hydraulic cylinders 30, 30 are provided side by side on the same axis with their rod ends fixed to the adapter 22 side, and the cylinder tubes 30 a, 30 a are stroked in opposite directions.

  The cylinder tubes 30a and 30a are inserted across the pin holes of the adapter mounting portions 23 and 24 and the main body mounting portions 28 and 29 by the expansion and contraction operation of both cylinders 30 and 30, and both are connected and extracted. Both are separated.

  By adopting this hydraulic detachable pin connection structure, the attachment / detachment operation of the attachment mounting member 21 and the adapter 22 can be performed easily and quickly in a short time by only operating the hydraulic cylinders 30 and 30. For this reason, the work attachment B can be disassembled and assembled more efficiently.

Other embodiments
(1) In the above embodiment, the hydraulic cylinders 30 as connecting pins are provided on the left and right sides in the upper and lower connecting portions. However, the cylinders 30 are provided only on the left and right sides, and the left and right sides are connected simultaneously by this one hydraulic cylinder 30. A configuration may be taken.

  Alternatively, the attachment mounting member 21 and the adapter 22 may be connected by a single hydraulic cylinder 30 only at the intermediate portion in the left-right direction at the upper and lower connecting portions.

  (2) In order to leave room for the boom foot to be set at a low position or a rear position depending on the type of work, the attachment mounting member 21 is provided with a base machine side boom foot mounting portion and a cylinder foot mounting portion, and the adapter 22 is removed. You may comprise so that a boom foot and a cylinder foot can be directly attached to the attachment attachment member 21 in a state.

  Further, in this case, in order to simplify the structure of the attachment mounting member 21, the upper adapter mounting portion 23 of the attachment mounting member 21 is also used as the base machine side boom foot mounting portion and the lower adapter mounting portion 24 is also used as the same cylinder foot mounting portion. You may set the position of both adapter attachment parts 23 and 24 so that it can do.

  (3) The present invention is not limited to the dismantling machine, and can be implemented in the same manner as in the above-described embodiment on other attachment-equipped work machines (for example, deep excavation machines) that perform work in high places or low places.

It is a partial side view of the demolition machine concerning the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a view corresponding to FIG. 1 in a state where the work attachment of the dismantling machine is tilted forward. It is a figure which expands and shows a part of FIG. It is a side view which shows the transport state of the base machine of the same dismantling machine. It is an expanded sectional view which follows the VV line of FIG. It is a whole side view of the conventional demolition machine. It is the same part enlarged view. FIG. 8 is a view corresponding to FIG. 7 in a state where the work attachment of the dismantling machine is tilted forward.

Explanation of symbols

A base machine 1 lower traveling body 2 upper turning body B work attachment 3 boom 8 boom cylinder 21 attachment mounting member 22 adapter 23, 24 adapter mounting portion of attachment mounting member 25 adapter protruding portion 26 adapter boom foot mounting portion 27 adapter mounting Cylinder foot mounting part 30, 30 Connecting pin (hydraulic cylinder)
Y Height of base machine when transported

Claims (4)

  In a work machine in which a base machine is provided with an attachment mounting member, and a work attachment including a boom and a boom cylinder for raising and lowering the boom is mounted on the attachment mounting member, an adapter that is detachably mounted on the attachment mounting member is provided. The adapter has a portion protruding upward from the attachment mounting member in a state of being attached to the attachment mounting member, and a boom foot mounting portion to which the base end portion of the boom is mounted is provided on the protruding portion. A cylinder foot mounting portion to which the base end portion of the boom cylinder is mounted is provided at a position lower than the boom foot mounting portion, and the boom foot mounting portion of the adapter is mounted on the base machine in the adapter mounting state to the attachment mounting member. Highest point when transporting Working machine, characterized in that it is positioned such a remote high. In a work machine in which a base machine is provided with an attachment mounting member, and a work attachment including a boom and a boom cylinder for raising and lowering the boom is mounted on the attachment mounting member, an adapter that is detachably mounted on the attachment mounting member is provided. The adapter has a portion that protrudes upward and forward from the attachment mounting member in a state of being attached to the attachment mounting member, and a boom foot mounting portion to which the base end portion of the boom is mounted is provided on the protruding portion. In addition, a cylinder foot mounting portion to which the base end portion of the boom cylinder is mounted is provided at a position lower than the boom foot mounting portion, and the boom foot mounting portion of the adapter is in an adapter mounting state to the attachment mounting member. When transporting the base machine Working machine, characterized in that the position set to be high than the highest point. As a means for attaching the adapter detachable from the attachment mounting member, according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the hydraulic removable pin connection means for the stroke actuation of the connecting pin to the connecting and separating directions by hydraulic pressure provided et the Working machine. The work machine assembling / disassembling method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a base end portion of the boom is used as a boom foot mounting portion of the adapter and a boom cylinder is used as a cylinder foot mounting portion of the adapter during assembly. A method for assembling and disassembling a work machine , characterized in that each is mounted and the adapter is detached from the attachment mounting member and disassembled in this mounted state .

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