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JP4247938B2 - Purification and separation method of polymer components from rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin polymerization liquid - Google Patents
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JP4247938B2 - Purification and separation method of polymer components from rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin polymerization liquid - Google Patents

Purification and separation method of polymer components from rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin polymerization liquid Download PDF

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JP4247938B2
JP4247938B2 JP13002199A JP13002199A JP4247938B2 JP 4247938 B2 JP4247938 B2 JP 4247938B2 JP 13002199 A JP13002199 A JP 13002199A JP 13002199 A JP13002199 A JP 13002199A JP 4247938 B2 JP4247938 B2 JP 4247938B2
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polymer
rubber
polymerization
butanone
styrene
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JP2000319316A (en
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紀弘 清水
淳 渡邊
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Denka Co Ltd
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Denki Kagaku Kogyo KK
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G01MEASURING; TESTING
    • G01NINVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
    • G01N33/00Investigating or analysing materials by specific methods not covered by groups G01N1/00 - G01N31/00
    • G01N33/44Resins; Plastics; Rubber; Leather
    • G01N33/445Rubber

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Description

【0001】
【発明の属する技術分野】
本発明はゴム変性芳香族ビニル系樹脂重合液からの重合体成分の精製分離方法に関するものである。さらに詳しくは、ゴム状重合体の存在下で芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体を重合して得られる重合液から、芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を分離して、ゴム状重合体およびゴム状重合体を幹とし芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体を濃縮した状態で混合物として精製分離する方法に関するものである。
【0002】
【従来の技術】
ゴム変性芳香族ビニル系樹脂は成形性、寸法安定性、耐衝撃性にすぐれていることから、OA機器、家電製品等、様々な用途に使用されている。この樹脂はゴム状重合体を芳香族ビニル単量体に溶解する等、ゴム状重合体の存在下に、芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体を重合することにより製造される。
その中でもゴム状重合体にスチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体を用いて芳香族ビニル単量体の重合を行うと、単一オクルージョン構造を有する0.5μm以下のゴム粒子がマトリクス中に分散された状態のゴム変性芳香族ビニル系樹脂が得られることが知られている。この樹脂は成形品の光沢が優れる利点がある。
【0003】
一般に、ゴム状重合体の存在下に芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体を重合した場合、重合系には重合の進行とともにゴム状重合体、芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体の他に、芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体、およびゴム状重合体を幹とし芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体が生成していく。
またこれと同時に、重合前はゴム状重合体と芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体からなる溶液は透明、均一な状態であるが、重合が進むにつれて、芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体が芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体に溶解した液相が、ゴム状重合体が芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体に溶解した液相にオイルインオイルエマルジョンとして分散して相分離現象を起こし、重合液が白濁を呈すようになる。更に重合が進むと相転移現象が生じて、芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体が溶解した液相が連続相となり、一方ゴム状重合体が溶解した液相が、芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体が溶解した液相を小粒子状態で内包したゴム粒子として分散した形態をとるようになる。
【0004】
従来は、ゴム状重合体としてスチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体の存在下に芳香族ビニル単量体の重合を行った場合、重合系からゴム状重合体を幹とし芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体およびゴム状重合体を混合物として、芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体と分離する方法がなく、そのため各重合体成分の構造解析を行うことができず、スチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体を用いたゴム変性芳香族ビニル系樹脂の重合挙動を詳細に把握することが出来なかった。
例えば、Macromolecules,Vol.29,2498−2509,1996にはポリブタジエンの存在下におけるスチレンモノマーの重合において、ポリスチレン、ポリブタジエン、ポリブタジエンを幹としポリスチレンを枝とするグラフトコポリマーの3つの重合体成分を、2−ブタノン/アセトン(3:2(体積比))および石油ベンジンによる溶媒抽出により分離し重合挙動の解析を行っているが、ポリブタジエンを用いた重合系における重合挙動の解析であり、スチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体を用いた重合系についての重合挙動の解析については一切記載がない。
【0005】
【発明が解決しようとする課題】
本発明の目的とするところは、ゴム状重合体としてスチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体を用いたゴム変性芳香族ビニル系樹脂の重合挙動の詳細な解析を可能とするために、重合系から芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体(以下、芳香族ビニル系重合体と記す)を分離し、ゴム状重合体を幹とし芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体(以下、単にグラフト共重合体と記す)およびゴム状重合体を混合物として分離精製する方法を提供することにある。
【0006】
【課題を解決するための手段】
本発明者らは、ゴム状重合体としてスチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体を用いた重合系から芳香族ビニル系重合体を分離し、グラフト共重合体およびゴム状重合体を混合物として分離精製する方法を確立すべく鋭意研究を重ねた結果、驚くべきことに、ある種の有機溶媒で重合液を処理することにより、重合系からにおいても前記重合体成分を分離精製できることを見い出し、本発明に到達した。
即ち本発明は、ゴム状重合体の存在下で芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体を0%を超えて90%以下の重合転化率の範囲で重合して得られる重合液から取り出した固形分から、芳香族ビニル系重合体と、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体の混合物とを精製分離する方法であって、(a)ゴム状重合体がジエン系単量体と芳香族ビニル単量体とのブロック共重合体であり、(b)該重合液から取り出した固形分を、2−ブタノンとメタノールの混合溶媒(2−ブタノンとメタノールの比が2−ブタノン/メタノール=100/0〜86/14(重量比))又は2−ブタノンとアセトンの混合溶媒(2−ブタノンとアセトンの比が2−ブタノン/アセトン=100/0〜48/52(重量比))に分散させた後、遠心分離操作により芳香族ビニル系重合体が溶解した上澄液(b−1)と、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体の混合物を含有する不溶分(b−2)に分離する重合体成分の精製分離方法である。
【0007】
以下、本発明を詳細に説明する。
本発明で用いられるゴム状重合体は、ジエン系単量体と芳香族ビニル単量体とのブロック共重合体である。ここでジエン系単量体としてはブタジエン、イソプレン、クロロプレン、1,3−ペンタジエン等が挙げられ、好ましくはブタジエンが挙げられる。
ブロック共重合体に用いられる芳香族ビニル単量体としては、スチレン、ビニルトルエン、2,4−ジメチルスチレン、エチルスチレン、t−ブチルスチレン等の核アルキル置換スチレンや、α−メチルスチレン、α−メチル−p−メチルスチレン等のα−アルキル置換スチレン等が挙げられ、好ましくはスチレンが挙げられる。ジエン系単量体と芳香族ビニル単量体とのブロック共重合体はアニオン重合等の公知の方法で製造される。ジエン系単量体と芳香族ビニル単量体とのブロック共重合体の具体例としては、スチレン−ブタジエンジブロック共重合体、スチレン−ブタジエントリブロック共重合体等のスチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体、スチレン−イソプレンジブロック共重合体、スチレン−イソプレントリブロック共重合体等のスチレン−イソプレンブロック共重合体、あるいはこれらのスター・ブロック共重合体および水添物等が挙げられる。好ましく用いられるゴム状重合体としては、スチレン−ブタジエンジブロック共重合体等が挙げられる。またゴム状重合体は、その1種のみ用いてもよいし、2種以上を組み合わせて用いてもよい。
【0008】
本発明の芳香族ビニル単量体としては、スチレン、ビニルトルエン、2,4−ジメチルスチレン、エチルスチレン、t−ブチルスチレン等の核アルキル置換スチレンや、α−メチルスチレン、α−メチル−p−メチルスチレン等のα−アルキル置換スチレン等が挙げられ、好ましくはスチレンが挙げられる。これらの芳香族ビニル単量体は、その1種のみ用いてもよく、また、2種以上を併用して用いてもよい。また芳香族ビニル単量体以外の芳香族ビニル単量体と共重合可能な単量体を併用して共重合させることもでき、この共重合可能な単量体としては、具体例としては、アクリロニトリル、メタクリロニトリル等のシアン化ビニル化合物、アクリル酸メチル、アクリル酸エチル、アクリル酸ブチル、メタクリル酸メチル、メタクリル酸エチル、メタクリル酸ブチル等の(メタ)アクリル酸エステルや、マレイミド、N−メチルマレイミド、N−エチルマレイミド、N−プロピルマレイミド、N−ヘキシルマレイミド、N−シクロヘキシルマレイミド、N−フェニルマレイミド、N−(4−ヒドロキシフェニル)マレイミド、N−(アルキル置換フェニル)マレイミド等のマレイミド系化合物、更に無水マレイン酸等の不飽和ジカルボン酸無水物系化合物等が挙げられる。この場合においても、このような共重合可能な単量体はいずれも単独または2種以上併用して用いることができる。
【0009】
本発明で用いられる重合液は、ゴム状重合体の存在下で芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体を0%を超えて90%以下の重合転化率の範囲で重合して得られる重合液である。重合転化率が90%より大きいと、ゴム状重合体の架橋反応が生じてゲル成分が発生する場合があるため、本発明の精製分離方法を用いることができない。
また本発明で用いる重合液は、ゴム状重合体の存在下で芳香族ビニル単量体を含む単量体を重合して得られるが、この場合所望により溶媒を含有させることができる。溶媒としては、具体的にはベンゼン、トルエン、エチルベンゼン、キシレン、ジエチルベンゼン等を挙げることができ、好ましくはエチルベンゼン等が挙げられる。
さらに重合開始剤や連鎖移動剤を用いて重合させることもできるし、これらを用いず熱により重合を進めることも可能である。
重合開始剤としては有機過酸化物やアゾ系化合物等が挙げられるが、好ましくは有機過酸化物が挙げられる。
また本発明で用いられる重合液には、一般的な酸化防止剤、ミネラルオイル、シリコンオイル等を適宜添加することができる。
【0010】
本発明の精製分離方法では、該重合液から取り出した固形分を試料に用いることが必要である。重合液そのものを試料に用いて処理(b)に従って溶媒で処理すると、遠心分離操作で不溶分が沈降せず、好ましくない。該重合液から取り出した固形分とは、該重合液中から得た芳香族ビニル系重合体、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体の3成分を含有する固体をいう。該重合液中に存在する固形分は重合液を、例えば▲1▼60℃で16時間以上真空乾燥することにより未反応単量体等の揮発成分を蒸発させる、あるいは▲2▼重合液をトルエンに均一溶解した液を大過剰のメタノールに注ぎ未反応単量体等を除くことにより取り出すことができる。
【0011】
本発明の精製分離方法とは、上記の重合液から取り出した固形分から、芳香族ビニル系重合体と、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体の混合物とを、濃縮した状態で精製分離する方法であって、次の処理(b)を施すことを特徴とする。(b)該重合液から取り出した固形分を、2−ブタノンとメタノールの混合溶媒(2−ブタノンとメタノールの比が2−ブタノン/メタノール=100/0〜86/14(重量比))又は2−ブタノンとアセトンの混合溶媒(2−ブタノンとアセトンの比が2−ブタノン/アセトン=100/0〜48/52(重量比))に分散させた後、遠心分離操作により芳香族ビニル系重合体が溶解した上澄液(b−1)と、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体の混合物を含有する不溶分(b−2)に分離する。
【0012】
(b)において用いる溶媒は、2−ブタノンとメタノールの混合溶媒で、2−ブタノンとメタノールの比が2−ブタノン/メタノール=100/0〜86/14(重量比)、好ましくは2−ブタノン/メタノール=95/5〜86/14(重量比)、更に好ましくは2−ブタノン/メタノール=90/10〜86/14(重量比)、又は2−ブタノンとアセトンの混合溶媒で2−ブタノンとアセトンの比が2−ブタノン/アセトン=100/0〜48/52(重量比)、好ましくは2−ブタノン/アセトン=60/40〜50/50(重量比)である。
溶媒の組成が上記以外の場合は、芳香族ビニル系重合体が溶媒に溶解せず、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体と分離することができない。
【0013】
また該重合液から取り出した固形分と、2−ブタノンとメタノールの混合溶媒又は2−ブタノンとアセトンの混合溶媒の比率は1/5〜1/1000(重量比)が好ましく、1/10〜1/100(重量比)が更に好ましい。固形分の比率が1/5より大きいと分散液の粘度が高くなり不溶分(b−2)の分離が困難になる場合があり、比率が1/1000より小さいと不溶分(b−2)の量が少なく充分に解析できない場合がある。
【0014】
処理(b)において、該重合液中から取り出した固形分を混合溶媒に分散させた後、遠心分離操作によって不溶分を沈降させて、芳香族ビニル系重合体が溶解した上澄液(b−1)と、ゴム状重合体およびグラフト共重合体を含有する不溶分(b−2)に分離する。遠心分離操作は不溶分(b−2)が沈降すればいかなる条件でもよいが、好ましくは35000G以上の遠心加速度で1時間以上遠心分離操作するのがよい。
【0015】
処理(b)において分離した上澄液(b−1)から芳香族ビニル系重合体を得るにはいかなる方法であってもよいが、例えば▲1▼上澄液を60℃で16時間以上真空乾燥することにより揮発成分を蒸発させて生じる固形分、或いは▲2▼上澄液を大過剰のメタノールに注いで生じる固形分として得ることができる。また、不溶分(b−2)はゲル化が起こらない条件であればいかなる条件で乾燥してもよいが、好ましくは60℃以下の温度で16時間以上真空乾燥、更に好ましくは30℃で16時間以上真空乾燥する。さらに処理(b)は1回のみ行ってもよいし、2回以上繰り返して行ってもよい。好ましくは2回繰り返すのがよい。2回以上繰り返す場合は、前の回で得られた不溶分を1回目と同量の混合溶媒で分散させればよい。また前の回で得られた不溶分を乾燥させずに、1回目と同量の混合溶媒で分散させてもよい。
【0016】
処理(b)で用いられる溶媒には、ゴム状重合体及びグラフト共重合体を安定化させるために酸化防止剤を含有させて使用してもよい。酸化防止剤としてはフェノール系酸化防止剤が好ましく、具体的には2,6−ジ−ターシャリーブチル−4−メチルフェノール、n−オクタデシル−3−(3,5−ジ−ターシャリーブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート、2,2’−メチレンビス(4−メチル−6−ターシャリーブチルフェノール)、2−ターシャリーブチル−6−(3−ターシャリーブチル−2−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルベンジル)−4−メチルフェニルアクリレート)、4,4’−ブチリデンビス(3−メチル−6−ターシャリーブチルフェノール)、4,4’−チオビス(3−メチル−6−ターシャリーブチルフェノール)、2,2’−チオビス(4−メチル−6−ターシャリーブチルフェノール)、テトラキス(メチレン−3−(3,5−ジ−ターシャリーブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート)メタン、3,9−ビス(2−(3−(3−ターシャリーブチル−4−ヒドロキシ−5−メチルフェニル)−プロピオニロキシ)−1,1−ジメチルエチル)−2,4,8,10−テトラオキサスピロ[5,5]ウンデカン、トリエチレングリコール−ビス[3−(3−t−ブチル−5−メチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、1,6−ヘキサンジオール−ビス[3−(3,5−ジ−ターシャリーブチル−4−ヒドロキシフェニル)プロピオネート]、2,4−ビス−(n−オクチルチオ)−6−(4−ヒドロキシ−3,5−ジ−ターシャリーブチルアニリノ)−1,3,5−トリアジン等が挙げられる。
【0017】
【実施例】
本発明をさらに説明するために以下に実施例を挙げるが、これらの実施例はいかなる意味においても本発明を制限するものではない。
重合例1
スチレン−ブタジエン(SB)ブロック共重合体(旭化成製アサプレン670A、スチレン単位含有率40重量%)10重量部、スチレンモノマー89重量部、エチルベンゼン1重量部の原料溶液を10リットルの攪拌装置の付いたオートクレーブに供給し、温度130℃で攪拌下重合を行った。昇温開始後150分に重合液を適量採取した。この時重合液は白濁を呈していた。更に昇温開始後340分で重合液を適量採取した後、残りの重合液をガラス製容器に入れて引き続き140℃に加熱して無攪拌下で重合を進め、140℃加熱開始後4時間で重合液を採取し、残りを更に140℃加熱開始後10時間まで重合させた。攪拌下の重合での昇温開始後340分までの重合液の屈折率の測定を行い、スチレンモノマーの転化率を求めた。また無攪拌下重合で得た重合液については、ガスクロマトグラフィーにより残留しているスチレンモノマー量を測定し、その値からスチレンモノマーの転化率を求めた。その結果、攪拌重合での昇温開始後150分、340分でのスチレンモノマーの転化率はそれぞれ5%、37%であった。無攪拌重合での140℃加熱開始後4時間、10時間でのスチレンモノマーの転化率はそれぞれ87%、95%であった。なお、屈折率はASTM D−542に従い、アッベ式屈折率計により測定した。
【0018】
実施例1
重合例1で得られた攪拌重合の昇温開始後340分の重合液(スチレン転化率37%)30gを、60℃で20時間真空乾燥して揮発分を取り除き、固形分を得た。この固形分1gに2−ブタノン45gを加えてマグネティックスターラーを用いてよく攪拌した。続いてメタノール5gを加えて白濁の分散液を得た。これを遠心分離(回転数30000rpm、遠心加速度39000G〜69000G、1時間)し、上澄液と沈降した不溶分に分離した。不溶分は2−ブタノン45gに再び分散させた後メタノール5gを加えて分散液とし、これを遠心分離して上澄液と不溶分に分離した。
上澄液はホモポリスチレンが溶解した液であり、不溶分はSBブロック共重合体およびポリスチレンを枝としSBブロック共重合体を幹としたグラフト共重合体を含有する。
上澄液は1回目のものと2回目のものを混合した後、大過剰のメタノールに注ぎ吸引濾過により固形分を得、これを60℃で20時間真空乾燥した。
不溶分は30℃で20時間真空乾燥した。
得られた上澄液の固形分および不溶分については、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPC(ゲルパーミエーションクロマトグラフィー、溶媒:テトラヒドロフラン、検出器:示差屈折率検出器(RI))により行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表1に示す。なお、遠心分離は日立工機製超遠心機55P−7を使用した。
【0019】
また1H−NMRによるスチレン含有率、薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認方法は以下の通りである。
(1)1H−NMRによるスチレン含有率
溶媒に重テトラヒドロフランを用い重合体成分を溶解して1H−NMRの測定を行った。4.8〜5.7ppmのポリブタジエンの2重結合のプロトンのピークと6.3〜7.5ppmのスチレンのベンゼン環のプロトンのピークの面積値の比から、スチレン含有量(重量%)を求めた。
(2)薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認
重合体成分のテトラヒドロフラン溶液(濃度:2重量%)2μlをTLCプレート(MERCK製シリカゲル60F254(層厚み0.2mm)、Art.5554)に滴下し、2−ブタノンで展開した。展開後、紫外光をプレートに照射して移動した成分を確認した。ホモポリスチレンのRfは0.96、SBブロック共重合体およびポリスチレンを枝としSBブロック共重合体を幹とするグラフト共重合体のRfは0であることから、Rfが0.96の成分の有無、及びRfが0の成分の有無を調べることにより、各重合体成分に他の重合体成分が混入していないか判定した。
【0020】
実施例2
重合液の固形分から上澄液と不溶分を分離する2度の操作において、2−ブタノン45gとメタノール5gを使用する代わりに、2−ブタノン50gのみを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に操作して上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分、および不溶分については、実施例1と同様、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
【0021】
実施例3
重合液の固形分から上澄液と不溶分を分離する2度の操作において、2−ブタノン45gとメタノール5gを使用する代わりに、2−ブタノン30gとアセトン20gを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に操作して上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分、および不溶分については、実施例1と同様、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
【0022】
実施例4
重合液の固形分から上澄液と不溶分を分離する2度の操作において、2−ブタノン45gとメタノール5gを使用する代わりに、2−ブタノン25gとアセトン25gを使用した以外は、実施例1と同様に操作して上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分、および不溶分については、実施例1と同様、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
【0023】
実施例5
重合液の固形分から2−ブタノン45gとメタノール5gを使用して上澄液と不溶分を分離した後、再度溶媒を用いて分離する操作をしない以外は実施例1と同様に操作して上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分、および不溶分については、実施例1と同様、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表1に示す。
【0024】
実施例6
重合液の固形分から2−ブタノン45gとメタノール5gを使用して上澄液と不溶分を分離した後、再度溶媒を用いて分離する操作を2度行った以外は実施例1と同様に操作して上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
なお、上澄液は1回目のもの、2回目のもの及び3回目のものを混合した後、大過剰のメタノールに注ぎ吸引濾過により固形分を得、これを60℃で20時間真空乾燥した。不溶分は30℃で20時間真空乾燥した。
得られた上澄液の固形分および不溶分については、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
【0025】
比較例1
重合例1で得られた攪拌重合の昇温開始後340分の重合液(スチレン転化率37%)30gを、60℃で20時間真空乾燥して揮発分を取り除き、固形分を得た。この固形分1gを、溶媒に2−ブタノン/メタノール(90/10(重量比))50gを用いて24時間還流させてソックスレー抽出した。その後、溶媒を大過剰のメタノールに注ぎ吸引濾過により固形分を得、これを60℃で20時間真空乾燥した。濾紙中の残渣は30℃で20時間真空乾燥した。得られた溶媒中の固形分の1H−NMRの測定を行ったところ、スチレン由来のピークの他に、4.8〜5.7ppmにポリブタジエンの2重結合のプロトンのピークが認められ、ホモポリスチレンの他にSBブロック共重合体成分が混入していることが分かった。
【0026】
比較例2
重合例1で得られた攪拌重合の昇温開始後340分の重合液(スチレン転化率37%)1gに2−ブタノン45gを加えてマグネティックスターラーを用いてよく攪拌した。続いてメタノール5gを加えて白濁の分散液を得た。これを遠心分離(回転数30000rpm、遠心加速度39000G〜69000G、1時間)し、上澄液と沈降した不溶分に分離した。不溶分は2−ブタノン45gに再び分散させた後メタノール5gを加えて分散液とし、これを遠心分離して上澄液と不溶分に分離した。上澄液はホモポリスチレンが溶解した液であり、不溶分はSBブロック共重合体およびポリスチレンを枝としSBブロック共重合体を幹としたグラフト共重合体を含有する。上澄液は1回目のものと2回目のものを混合した後、大過剰のメタノールに注ぎ吸引濾過により固形分を得、これを60℃で20時間真空乾燥した。不溶分は30℃で20時間真空乾燥した。得られた上澄液の固形分および不溶分については、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
【0027】
実施例7
重合例1で得られた攪拌重合の昇温開始後150分の重合液(スチレン転化率5%)30gを用いた以外は、実施例1と同様の操作を行ない上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分および不溶分については、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
【0028】
実施例8
重合例1で得られた無攪拌重合の140℃加熱開始後4時間の重合液(スチレン転化率87%)30gを用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行ない上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分および不溶分については、分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表2に示す。
【0029】
比較例3
重合例1で得られた無攪拌重合の140℃加熱開始後10時間の重合液(スチレン転化率95%)30gを用いた以外は実施例1と同様の操作を行ない上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分については分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。
不溶分については、テトラヒドロフラン及び重テトラヒドロフランには溶解せずゲルが発生したため、GPCによる分子量および分子量分布の測定、1H−NMRの測定、薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施することができなかった。結果を表2に示す。
【0030】
実施例9
重合例1で得られた攪拌重合の昇温開始後340分の重合液(スチレン転化率37%)30gをトルエン180gに均一に溶解した。この溶液を3Lのメタノールに注ぎ、固形分を吸引濾過した後、30℃で20時間真空乾燥した。この固形分を用いて実施例1と同様の操作を行ない上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた上澄液の固形分および不溶分については、実施例1と同様に分子量および分子量分布の測定をGPCにより行い、また1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めた。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施した。結果を表3に示す。
【0031】
比較例4
重合液の固形分から上澄液と不溶分を分離する2度の操作において、2−ブタノン45gとメタノール5gを使用する代わりに、2−ブタノン30g、メタノール10gを使用した以外は、実施例9と同様に操作して上澄液の固形分、および不溶分を得た。
得られた不溶分について、1H−NMRの測定からスチレン含有率を求めたところ、68重量%であった。さらに薄層クロマトグラフィーによる純度の確認を実施したところ、Rfが0.96の成分とRfが0の成分(SBブロック共重合体及びグラフト共重合体)の両方が認められ、分離したSBブロック共重合体とグラフト共重合体の混合物にホモポリスチレンが混入しており、分離状態が不良であった。
【0032】
【表1】

Figure 0004247938
【0033】
【表2】
Figure 0004247938
【0034】
【表3】
Figure 0004247938
【0035】
表中、MEKは2−ブタノン、MeOHはメタノール、Mwは重量平均分子量、Mnは数平均分子量、Mw/Mnは分子量分布を表す。
また、純度の確認において、上澄液の固形分の○印は、薄層クロマトグラフィーでRfが0の成分が見られずRfが0.96の成分(ポリスチレン)のみが認められ、精製分離したホモポリスチレンの純度が高く分離が良好であることを示す。
不溶分の○印は、薄層クロマトグラフィーでRfが0.96の成分が見られずRfが0の成分(SBブロック共重合体及びグラフト共重合体)のみが認められ、精製分離したSBブロック共重合体とグラフト共重合体の混合物の純度が高く分離が良好であることを示す。
不溶分の×印は、薄層クロマトグラフィーでRfが0.96の成分とRfが0の成分(SBブロック共重合体及びグラフト共重合体)の両方が認められ、分離したSBブロック共重合体とグラフト共重合体の混合物の純度が低く、分離状態が不良であることを示す。
【0036】
【発明の効果】
以上の通り本発明によれば、特定の有機溶媒で処理することにより、重合系から芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体(芳香族ビニル系重合体)を分離し、ゴム状重合体を幹とし芳香族ビニル単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体(グラフト共重合体)およびゴム状重合体を混合物として分離精製する方法が提供され、ゴム状重合体としてスチレン−ブタジエンブロック共重合体を用いたゴム変性芳香族ビニル系樹脂の重合挙動の詳細な解析が可能となる。[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for purifying and separating a polymer component from a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin polymerization solution. More specifically, a polymer comprising a monomer unit containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit from a polymer solution obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a rubbery polymer. To separate the rubber-like polymer and the graft copolymer with the rubber-like polymer as the trunk and the polymer comprising the monomer units containing the aromatic vinyl monomer unit as a branch and purifying as a mixture It relates to a method of separation.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resins are excellent in moldability, dimensional stability, and impact resistance, and are therefore used in various applications such as office automation equipment and home appliances. This resin is produced by polymerizing a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of the rubber-like polymer, such as dissolving a rubber-like polymer in an aromatic vinyl monomer.
Among them, when an aromatic vinyl monomer is polymerized using a styrene-butadiene block copolymer in a rubbery polymer, rubber particles having a single occlusion structure of 0.5 μm or less are dispersed in the matrix. It is known that a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin can be obtained. This resin has the advantage that the gloss of the molded product is excellent.
[0003]
In general, when a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer is polymerized in the presence of a rubbery polymer, the polymerization system has a rubbery polymer and a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer as the polymerization proceeds. In addition, a polymer comprising a monomer unit containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit, and a polymer comprising a monomer unit containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit based on a rubber-like polymer as a branch Graft copolymer to form.
At the same time, the solution consisting of the rubber-like polymer and the monomer containing the aromatic vinyl monomer is transparent and uniform before the polymerization, but as the polymerization proceeds, the aromatic vinyl monomer unit is changed. The liquid phase in which the polymer composed of the monomer unit is dissolved in the monomer containing the aromatic vinyl monomer is changed to the liquid phase in which the rubbery polymer is dissolved in the monomer containing the aromatic vinyl monomer. It disperses as an oil-in-oil emulsion, causing a phase separation phenomenon, and the polymerization solution becomes cloudy. As the polymerization proceeds further, a phase transition phenomenon occurs, and a liquid phase in which a polymer composed of monomer units including an aromatic vinyl monomer unit is dissolved becomes a continuous phase, while a liquid phase in which a rubbery polymer is dissolved The liquid phase in which a polymer composed of monomer units containing aromatic vinyl monomer units is dissolved is dispersed as rubber particles encapsulated in a small particle state.
[0004]
Conventionally, when an aromatic vinyl monomer is polymerized in the presence of a styrene-butadiene block copolymer as a rubbery polymer, the aromatic vinyl monomer unit is converted from the polymerization system to the rubbery polymer as a trunk. There is no method for separating a graft copolymer and a rubber-like polymer having a polymer comprising a monomer unit comprising a mixture as a mixture from a polymer comprising a monomer unit containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit, Therefore, the structural analysis of each polymer component could not be performed, and the polymerization behavior of the rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin using the styrene-butadiene block copolymer could not be grasped in detail.
For example, Macromolecules, Vol. No. 29,2498-2509, 1996, in the polymerization of styrene monomer in the presence of polybutadiene, three polymer components of polystyrene, polybutadiene, and graft copolymer having polybutadiene as a backbone and polystyrene as a branch are represented by 2-butanone / acetone (3 : 2 (volume ratio)) and separation by solvent extraction with petroleum benzine to analyze the polymerization behavior, but it is an analysis of the polymerization behavior in a polymerization system using polybutadiene, using a styrene-butadiene block copolymer There is no description of the analysis of the polymerization behavior for the polymerization system.
[0005]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
The object of the present invention is to make the analysis from a polymerization system aromatic so as to enable a detailed analysis of the polymerization behavior of a rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resin using a styrene-butadiene block copolymer as a rubbery polymer. A monomer comprising a monomer unit containing a vinyl monomer unit (hereinafter referred to as an aromatic vinyl polymer) is separated, and a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit based on a rubber-like polymer An object of the present invention is to provide a method for separating and purifying a graft copolymer (hereinafter simply referred to as a graft copolymer) having a polymer of units as a branch and a rubbery polymer as a mixture.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present inventors have separated the aromatic vinyl polymer from a polymerization system using a styrene-butadiene block copolymer as a rubbery polymer, and separated and purified the graft copolymer and the rubbery polymer as a mixture. As a result of intensive research to establish the above, surprisingly, it was found that the polymer component can be separated and purified from the polymerization system by treating the polymerization solution with a certain organic solvent, and the present invention has been achieved. did.
That is, the present invention is taken out from a polymerization solution obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a rubber-like polymer in the range of a polymerization conversion rate of more than 0% and not more than 90%. A method for purifying and separating an aromatic vinyl polymer and a mixture of a rubber-like polymer and a graft copolymer from a solid, wherein (a) the rubber-like polymer is a diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer. (B) a solid solvent taken out from the polymerization solution, and a mixed solvent of 2-butanone and methanol (ratio of 2-butanone and methanol is 2-butanone / methanol = 100/0). -86/14 (weight ratio)) or a mixed solvent of 2-butanone and acetone (the ratio of 2-butanone and acetone is 2-butanone / acetone = 100/0 to 48/52 (weight ratio)) Aromatic vinyl by centrifugation This is a method for purifying and separating a polymer component that is separated into a supernatant (b-1) in which a polymer is dissolved and an insoluble matter (b-2) containing a mixture of a rubbery polymer and a graft copolymer. .
[0007]
Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.
The rubbery polymer used in the present invention is a block copolymer of a diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer. Examples of the diene monomer include butadiene, isoprene, chloroprene, 1,3-pentadiene, and preferably butadiene.
Examples of the aromatic vinyl monomer used in the block copolymer include styrene, vinyl toluene, 2,4-dimethyl styrene, ethyl styrene, t-butyl styrene and other nuclear alkyl-substituted styrene, α-methyl styrene, α- Examples include α-alkyl-substituted styrene such as methyl-p-methylstyrene, and preferably styrene. A block copolymer of a diene monomer and an aromatic vinyl monomer is produced by a known method such as anionic polymerization. Specific examples of block copolymers of diene monomers and aromatic vinyl monomers include styrene-butadiene block copolymers such as styrene-butadiene diblock copolymers and styrene-butadiene triblock copolymers. Styrene-isoprene block copolymers, styrene-isoprene block copolymers such as styrene-isoprene triblock copolymers, and star block copolymers and hydrogenated products thereof. Examples of the rubbery polymer preferably used include a styrene-butadiene diblock copolymer. Moreover, only 1 type may be used for a rubber-like polymer and it may use it in combination of 2 or more type.
[0008]
Examples of the aromatic vinyl monomer of the present invention include nuclear alkyl-substituted styrene such as styrene, vinyl toluene, 2,4-dimethylstyrene, ethylstyrene, t-butylstyrene, α-methylstyrene, α-methyl-p- Examples include α-alkyl-substituted styrene such as methylstyrene, and preferably styrene. These aromatic vinyl monomers may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Moreover, it can also be copolymerized by using a monomer copolymerizable with an aromatic vinyl monomer other than the aromatic vinyl monomer, and as a specific example of this copolymerizable monomer, Vinyl cyanide compounds such as acrylonitrile and methacrylonitrile, (meth) acrylic esters such as methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, ethyl methacrylate, butyl methacrylate, maleimide, N-methyl Maleimide compounds such as maleimide, N-ethylmaleimide, N-propylmaleimide, N-hexylmaleimide, N-cyclohexylmaleimide, N-phenylmaleimide, N- (4-hydroxyphenyl) maleimide, N- (alkyl-substituted phenyl) maleimide Furthermore, unsaturated dicarboxylic anhydrides such as maleic anhydride Compounds, and the like. Also in this case, any of these copolymerizable monomers can be used alone or in combination of two or more.
[0009]
The polymerization liquid used in the present invention is a polymerization obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a rubber-like polymer in a polymerization conversion rate range of more than 0% and 90% or less. It is a liquid. If the polymerization conversion rate is larger than 90%, a crosslinking reaction of the rubbery polymer may occur and a gel component may be generated, so that the purification and separation method of the present invention cannot be used.
The polymerization liquid used in the present invention is obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing an aromatic vinyl monomer in the presence of a rubber-like polymer. In this case, a solvent can be contained as desired. Specific examples of the solvent include benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, diethylbenzene and the like, preferably ethylbenzene and the like.
Furthermore, the polymerization can be carried out using a polymerization initiator or a chain transfer agent, or the polymerization can be advanced by heat without using them.
Examples of the polymerization initiator include organic peroxides and azo compounds, but organic peroxides are preferable.
Moreover, general antioxidant, mineral oil, silicon oil, etc. can be suitably added to the polymerization liquid used by this invention.
[0010]
In the purification and separation method of the present invention, it is necessary to use a solid content taken out from the polymerization solution as a sample. If the polymerization solution itself is used as a sample and treated with a solvent according to the treatment (b), the insoluble matter does not settle out by centrifugation, which is not preferable. The solid content taken out from the polymerization solution refers to a solid containing three components of an aromatic vinyl polymer, a rubbery polymer and a graft copolymer obtained from the polymerization solution. The solid content present in the polymerization liquid is, for example, (1) evaporating volatile components such as unreacted monomers by vacuum drying at 60 ° C. for 16 hours or more, or (2) converting the polymerization liquid to toluene. It is possible to take out the solution uniformly dissolved in the solution by pouring it into a large excess of methanol to remove unreacted monomers.
[0011]
The purification and separation method of the present invention is a method in which an aromatic vinyl polymer and a mixture of a rubbery polymer and a graft copolymer are purified and separated in a concentrated state from the solid content taken out from the polymerization solution. Then, the following process (b) is performed. (B) The solid content taken out from the polymerization solution is mixed with a mixed solvent of 2-butanone and methanol (the ratio of 2-butanone and methanol is 2-butanone / methanol = 100/0 to 86/14 (weight ratio)) or 2 -After being dispersed in a mixed solvent of butanone and acetone (ratio of 2-butanone and acetone is 2-butanone / acetone = 100/0 to 48/52 (weight ratio)), an aromatic vinyl polymer is obtained by centrifugation. Is dissolved into the insoluble matter (b-2) containing a mixture of the rubber-like polymer and the graft copolymer.
[0012]
The solvent used in (b) is a mixed solvent of 2-butanone and methanol, and the ratio of 2-butanone to methanol is 2-butanone / methanol = 100/0 to 86/14 (weight ratio), preferably 2-butanone / methanol. Methanol = 95/5 to 86/14 (weight ratio), more preferably 2-butanone / methanol = 90/10 to 86/14 (weight ratio), or 2-butanone and acetone in a mixed solvent of 2-butanone and acetone Is 2-butanone / acetone = 100/0 to 48/52 (weight ratio), preferably 2-butanone / acetone = 60/40 to 50/50 (weight ratio).
When the composition of the solvent is other than the above, the aromatic vinyl polymer is not dissolved in the solvent and cannot be separated from the rubber-like polymer and the graft copolymer.
[0013]
The ratio of the solid content taken out from the polymerization solution and the mixed solvent of 2-butanone and methanol or the mixed solvent of 2-butanone and acetone is preferably 1/5 to 1/1000 (weight ratio), and 1/10 to 1 / 100 (weight ratio) is more preferable. If the ratio of the solid content is larger than 1/5, the viscosity of the dispersion liquid may be increased and separation of the insoluble content (b-2) may be difficult. If the ratio is smaller than 1/1000, the insoluble content (b-2) will be lost. There is a case where the amount of the amount is too small to be analyzed sufficiently.
[0014]
In the treatment (b), after the solid content taken out from the polymerization solution is dispersed in a mixed solvent, the insoluble matter is precipitated by a centrifugal separation operation, and the supernatant (b- 1) and an insoluble matter (b-2) containing a rubber-like polymer and a graft copolymer. Centrifugation may be carried out under any conditions as long as the insoluble matter (b-2) is settled, but it is preferable to perform the centrifugation at a centrifugal acceleration of 35000 G or more for 1 hour or more.
[0015]
Any method may be used to obtain the aromatic vinyl polymer from the supernatant (b-1) separated in the treatment (b). For example, (1) the supernatant is vacuumed at 60 ° C. for 16 hours or more. It can be obtained as a solid content produced by evaporating volatile components by drying, or as a solid content produced by pouring the supernatant into a large excess of methanol. The insoluble matter (b-2) may be dried under any conditions as long as gelation does not occur, but is preferably vacuum dried at a temperature of 60 ° C. or lower for 16 hours or more, more preferably 16 at 30 ° C. Vacuum dry for more than an hour. Furthermore, the process (b) may be performed only once or may be repeated twice or more. Preferably it is good to repeat twice. When repeating two or more times, the insoluble matter obtained in the previous round may be dispersed with the same amount of mixed solvent as in the first round. Further, the insoluble matter obtained in the previous round may be dispersed with the same amount of the mixed solvent as in the first round without drying.
[0016]
The solvent used in the treatment (b) may contain an antioxidant in order to stabilize the rubber-like polymer and the graft copolymer. As the antioxidant, a phenolic antioxidant is preferable. Specifically, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-4-methylphenol, n-octadecyl-3- (3,5-di-tertiary butyl-4 -Hydroxyphenyl) propionate, 2,2'-methylenebis (4-methyl-6-tertiarybutylphenol), 2-tertiarybutyl-6- (3-tertiarybutyl-2-hydroxy-5-methylbenzyl) -4 -Methylphenyl acrylate), 4,4'-butylidenebis (3-methyl-6-tertiarybutylphenol), 4,4'-thiobis (3-methyl-6-tertiarybutylphenol), 2,2'-thiobis (4 -Methyl-6-tertiary butylphenol), tetrakis (methylene-3- (3,5-di-tertiary) Butyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate) methane, 3,9-bis (2- (3- (3-tertiarybutyl-4-hydroxy-5-methylphenyl) -propionyloxy) -1,1-dimethylethyl ) -2,4,8,10-tetraoxaspiro [5,5] undecane, triethylene glycol-bis [3- (3-tert-butyl-5-methyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 1,6 -Hexanediol-bis [3- (3,5-di-tertiarybutyl-4-hydroxyphenyl) propionate], 2,4-bis- (n-octylthio) -6- (4-hydroxy-3,5- And di-tertiary butylanilino) -1,3,5-triazine.
[0017]
【Example】
The following examples are provided to further illustrate the present invention but are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Polymerization example 1
A styrene-butadiene (SB) block copolymer (ASAPLEN 670A manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd., styrene unit content 40% by weight) 10 parts by weight, a styrene monomer 89 parts by weight, and ethylbenzene 1 part by weight were equipped with a 10 liter stirring device. The mixture was supplied to an autoclave and polymerization was carried out at 130 ° C. with stirring. An appropriate amount of the polymerization solution was collected 150 minutes after the start of temperature increase. At this time, the polymerization solution was cloudy. Further, after collecting an appropriate amount of the polymerization solution in 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase, the remaining polymerization solution was put in a glass container and subsequently heated to 140 ° C. to proceed polymerization without stirring, and in 4 hours after the start of heating at 140 ° C. The polymerization solution was collected, and the remainder was further polymerized for up to 10 hours after the start of heating at 140 ° C. The refractive index of the polymerization solution was measured up to 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase in the polymerization under stirring, and the conversion rate of the styrene monomer was determined. Moreover, about the polymerization liquid obtained by superposition | polymerization without stirring, the amount of styrene monomers which remain | survived was measured by the gas chromatography, and the conversion ratio of the styrene monomer was calculated | required from the value. As a result, the conversion rates of the styrene monomer at 150 minutes and 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase in the stirring polymerization were 5% and 37%, respectively. The conversion rates of the styrene monomer were 87% and 95% in 4 hours and 10 hours after the start of heating at 140 ° C. in the non-stirring polymerization, respectively. The refractive index was measured with an Abbe refractometer according to ASTM D-542.
[0018]
Example 1
30 g of a polymerization liquid (styrene conversion 37%) 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase of stirring polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1 was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 20 hours to remove volatile matter, thereby obtaining a solid content. To 1 g of this solid content, 45 g of 2-butanone was added and stirred well using a magnetic stirrer. Subsequently, 5 g of methanol was added to obtain a cloudy dispersion. This was centrifuged (rotation speed 30000 rpm, centrifugal acceleration 39000G-69000G, 1 hour), and separated into supernatant and sedimented insoluble matter. The insoluble matter was dispersed again in 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol was added to obtain a dispersion, which was centrifuged to separate the supernatant and insoluble matter.
The supernatant is a solution in which homopolystyrene is dissolved, and the insoluble matter contains an SB block copolymer and a graft copolymer having polystyrene as a branch and SB block copolymer as a trunk.
The supernatant was mixed with the first one and the second one, then poured into a large excess of methanol to obtain a solid content by suction filtration, and this was vacuum dried at 60 ° C. for 20 hours.
The insoluble matter was vacuum dried at 30 ° C. for 20 hours.
Regarding the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by GPC (gel permeation chromatography, solvent: tetrahydrofuran, detector: differential refractive index detector (RI)), and 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1. In addition, the ultracentrifuge 55P-7 made from Hitachi Koki was used for centrifugation.
[0019]
Also 1 The method for confirming the styrene content by H-NMR and the purity by thin layer chromatography is as follows.
(1) 1 Styrene content by H-NMR
Dissolve the polymer components using deuterated tetrahydrofuran in the solvent 1 H-NMR measurement was performed. The styrene content (% by weight) is obtained from the ratio of the area value of the double bond proton peak of 4.8 to 5.7 ppm of polybutadiene and the proton peak of the benzene ring of 6.3 to 7.5 ppm of styrene. It was.
(2) Confirmation of purity by thin layer chromatography
2 μl of a tetrahydrofuran solution (concentration: 2% by weight) of a polymer component was placed on a TLC plate (MERCK silica gel 60F). 254 (Layer thickness 0.2 mm), Art. 5554) and developed with 2-butanone. After development, the plate was irradiated with ultraviolet light to confirm the moved component. The Rf of homopolystyrene is 0.96, and the Rf of the SB block copolymer and the graft copolymer based on polystyrene and using the SB block copolymer as a trunk is 0. By examining the presence or absence of a component having Rf of 0, it was determined whether or not other polymer components were mixed in each polymer component.
[0020]
Example 2
In the same procedure as in Example 1 except that only 50 g of 2-butanone was used instead of using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol in the two operations for separating the supernatant and insoluble components from the solid content of the polymerization solution. Operation was performed to obtain a solid content and an insoluble content of the supernatant.
About the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by GPC as in Example 1, and 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0021]
Example 3
In the two operations for separating the supernatant and insoluble components from the solid content of the polymerization solution, Example 1 was used except that instead of using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol, 30 g of 2-butanone and 20 g of acetone were used. The same operation was performed to obtain a solid content and an insoluble content of the supernatant.
About the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by GPC as in Example 1, and 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0022]
Example 4
In the two operations for separating the supernatant and insoluble components from the solid content of the polymerization solution, Example 1 was used except that instead of using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol, 25 g of 2-butanone and 25 g of acetone were used. The same operation was performed to obtain a solid content and an insoluble content of the supernatant.
About the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by GPC as in Example 1, and 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0023]
Example 5
After separating the supernatant and insoluble components from the solid content of the polymerization solution using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol, the supernatant was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the operation was not performed again using a solvent. A solid content and an insoluble content of the liquid were obtained.
About the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by GPC as in Example 1, and 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 1.
[0024]
Example 6
The same procedure as in Example 1 was repeated, except that the supernatant and insoluble components were separated from the solid content of the polymerization solution using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol, and then separated again using a solvent. Thus, a solid content and an insoluble content of the supernatant were obtained.
In addition, after mixing the 1st thing, the 2nd thing, and the 3rd thing, the supernatant liquid was poured into large excess methanol, the solid content was obtained by suction filtration, and this was vacuum-dried at 60 degreeC for 20 hours. The insoluble matter was vacuum dried at 30 ° C. for 20 hours.
Regarding the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are measured by GPC. 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0025]
Comparative Example 1
30 g of a polymerization liquid (styrene conversion 37%) 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase of stirring polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1 was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 20 hours to remove volatile matter, thereby obtaining a solid content. 1 g of this solid content was refluxed for 24 hours using 50 g of 2-butanone / methanol (90/10 (weight ratio)) as a solvent, and subjected to Soxhlet extraction. Thereafter, the solvent was poured into a large excess of methanol to obtain a solid content by suction filtration, and this was vacuum-dried at 60 ° C. for 20 hours. The residue in the filter paper was vacuum dried at 30 ° C. for 20 hours. Solid content in the obtained solvent 1 As a result of H-NMR measurement, in addition to the peak derived from styrene, a proton peak of polybutadiene double bond was observed at 4.8 to 5.7 ppm, and in addition to homopolystyrene, the SB block copolymer component It was found that was mixed.
[0026]
Comparative Example 2
45 g of 2-butanone was added to 1 g of a polymerization liquid (styrene conversion 37%) for 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase of the stirring polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1, and the mixture was stirred well using a magnetic stirrer. Subsequently, 5 g of methanol was added to obtain a cloudy dispersion. This was centrifuged (rotation speed 30000 rpm, centrifugal acceleration 39000G-69000G, 1 hour), and separated into supernatant and sedimented insoluble matter. The insoluble matter was dispersed again in 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol was added to obtain a dispersion, which was centrifuged to separate the supernatant and insoluble matter. The supernatant is a solution in which homopolystyrene is dissolved, and the insoluble matter contains an SB block copolymer and a graft copolymer having polystyrene as a branch and SB block copolymer as a trunk. The supernatant was mixed with the first one and the second one, then poured into a large excess of methanol to obtain a solid content by suction filtration, and this was vacuum dried at 60 ° C. for 20 hours. The insoluble matter was vacuum dried at 30 ° C. for 20 hours. Regarding the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are measured by GPC. 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0027]
Example 7
The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that 30 g of a polymerization solution (styrene conversion rate 5%) for 150 minutes after the start of temperature increase of stirring polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1 was performed, and the solid content of the supernatant liquid, and Insoluble matter was obtained.
Regarding the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are measured by GPC. 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0028]
Example 8
The same operation as in Example 1 was carried out except that 30 g of a polymerization solution (styrene conversion 87%) for 4 hours after the start of heating at 140 ° C. in the stirringless polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1 was performed, and the solid content of the supernatant was obtained. And insoluble matter was obtained.
Regarding the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are measured by GPC. 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0029]
Comparative Example 3
The same procedure as in Example 1 was performed except that 30 g of the polymerization solution (styrene conversion 95%) for 10 hours after the start of heating at 140 ° C. in the stirringless polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1 was performed, and the solid content of the supernatant was obtained. And insoluble matter was obtained.
Regarding the solid content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution are measured by GPC. 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography.
About insoluble matter, since gel was generated without dissolving in tetrahydrofuran and heavy tetrahydrofuran, measurement of molecular weight and molecular weight distribution by GPC, 1 H-NMR measurement and purity confirmation by thin layer chromatography could not be carried out. The results are shown in Table 2.
[0030]
Example 9
30 g of a polymerization liquid (styrene conversion 37%) for 340 minutes after the start of temperature increase in stirring polymerization obtained in Polymerization Example 1 was uniformly dissolved in 180 g of toluene. This solution was poured into 3 L of methanol, and the solid content was subjected to suction filtration, followed by vacuum drying at 30 ° C. for 20 hours. Using this solid content, the same operation as in Example 1 was performed to obtain a solid content and an insoluble content in the supernatant.
About the solid content and insoluble content of the obtained supernatant, the molecular weight and molecular weight distribution were measured by GPC in the same manner as in Example 1. 1 The styrene content was determined from H-NMR measurement. Furthermore, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. The results are shown in Table 3.
[0031]
Comparative Example 4
Example 2 with the exception that instead of using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol, 30 g of 2-butanone and 10 g of methanol were used instead of using 45 g of 2-butanone and 5 g of methanol in the two operations for separating the supernatant and insoluble components from the solid content of the polymerization solution. The same operation was performed to obtain a solid content and an insoluble content of the supernatant.
About the obtained insoluble matter, 1 When the styrene content was determined from 1 H-NMR measurement, it was 68% by weight. Further, the purity was confirmed by thin layer chromatography. As a result, both a component having an Rf of 0.96 and a component having an Rf of 0 (SB block copolymer and graft copolymer) were observed. Homopolystyrene was mixed in the mixture of the polymer and the graft copolymer, and the separation state was poor.
[0032]
[Table 1]
Figure 0004247938
[0033]
[Table 2]
Figure 0004247938
[0034]
[Table 3]
Figure 0004247938
[0035]
In the table, MEK represents 2-butanone, MeOH represents methanol, Mw represents a weight average molecular weight, Mn represents a number average molecular weight, and Mw / Mn represents a molecular weight distribution.
In addition, in the confirmation of purity, the ○ mark of the solid content of the supernatant liquid was purified and separated because only the component (polystyrene) having an Rf of 0.96 was observed without the component having an Rf of 0 by thin layer chromatography. It shows that the homopolystyrene has high purity and separation is good.
◯ block of insoluble matter indicates that the component with Rf of 0.96 is not found in thin layer chromatography and only the component with Rf of 0 (SB block copolymer and graft copolymer) is recognized and purified and separated. The purity of the mixture of copolymer and graft copolymer is high, indicating good separation.
The insoluble matter x mark indicates that both a component having an Rf of 0.96 and a component having an Rf of 0 (SB block copolymer and graft copolymer) were observed by thin layer chromatography, and the separated SB block copolymer And the graft copolymer mixture is low in purity, indicating that the separation state is poor.
[0036]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, a polymer (aromatic vinyl polymer) comprising a monomer unit containing an aromatic vinyl monomer unit is separated from the polymerization system by treatment with a specific organic solvent. , Graft copolymer (graft copolymer) having rubber polymer as a trunk and a polymer comprising monomer units containing aromatic vinyl monomer units as a branch and rubber polymer are separated and purified as a mixture A method is provided to enable detailed analysis of the polymerization behavior of rubber-modified aromatic vinyl resins using styrene-butadiene block copolymers as rubbery polymers.

Claims (5)

ゴム状重合体の存在下でスチレン単量体を含む単量体を5〜87%の重合転化率の範囲で重合して得られる重合液から取り出した固形分から、スチレン単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体と、ゴム状重合体およびゴム状重合体を幹としスチレン単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体の混合物とを精製分離する方法であって、(a)ゴム状重合体がジエン系単量体とスチレン単量体とのブロック共重合体であり、(b)該重合液から取り出した固形分を、最初に2−ブタノンに入れ攪拌し、次に2−ブタノンとメタノールの比が2−ブタノン/メタノール=100/0〜90/10(重量比)になるまでメタノールを加えるか、又はメタノールに代えて、アセトン2−ブタノンとアセトンの比が2−ブタノン/アセトン=100/0〜50/50(重量比))になるまで加えて、分散させた後、遠心分離操作によりゴム重合体が混入していないスチレン単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体が溶解した上澄液(b−1)と、ゴム状重合体およびゴム状重合体を幹としスチレン単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体を枝とするグラフト共重合体の混合物を含有し、かつ、スチレン単量体単位を含む単量体単位からなる重合体が混入していない不溶分(b−2)に分離することを特徴とする重合体成分の精製分離方法。A single component containing a styrene monomer unit is obtained from a solid content taken out from a polymerization solution obtained by polymerizing a monomer containing a styrene monomer in the presence of a rubber-like polymer in the range of a polymerization conversion of 5 to 87 %. Purification and separation of a polymer comprising a monomer unit and a mixture of a rubber-like polymer and a graft copolymer comprising a rubber-like polymer as a trunk and a polymer comprising a monomer unit containing a styrene monomer unit (A) the rubbery polymer is a block copolymer of a diene monomer and a styrene monomer, and (b) a solid content taken out from the polymerization solution is first converted into 2- Stir in butanone , then add methanol until the ratio of 2-butanone to methanol is 2-butanone / methanol = 100/0 to 90/10 (weight ratio) or replace with methanol with 2 acetone . -The ratio of butanone to acetone is - butanone / acetone = 100/0 in addition to a 50/50 (weight ratio)), was dispersed monomer comprising styrene monomer units rubber polymer is not contaminated by centrifugation Supernatant (b-1) in which a polymer comprising units is dissolved, and a graft comprising a rubber-like polymer and a polymer comprising monomer units containing a styrene monomer unit as a trunk from the rubber-like polymer. A polymer component comprising a copolymer mixture and separated into an insoluble component (b-2) in which a polymer composed of monomer units including a styrene monomer unit is not mixed Purification separation method. 重合液を真空乾燥して揮発成分を蒸発させることにより固形分を取り出すことを特徴とする請求項1記載の重合体成分の精製分離方法。 2. The method for purifying and separating polymer components according to claim 1, wherein the solid content is taken out by vacuum drying the polymerization solution and evaporating the volatile components. 重合液をトルエンに均一溶解した液を大過剰のメタノールに注ぐことにより固形分を取り出すことを特徴とする請求項1記載の重合体成分の精製分離方法。 2. The method for purifying and separating polymer components according to claim 1, wherein a solid content is taken out by pouring a solution obtained by uniformly dissolving the polymerization solution in toluene into a large excess of methanol. 請求項1からのいずれか1項記載の重合体成分の精製分離方法により得た試料を分析することによって行うことを特徴とするゴム変性スチレン系樹脂の重合挙動の解析方法。A method for analyzing the polymerization behavior of a rubber-modified styrenic resin, comprising analyzing a sample obtained by the method for purifying and separating polymer components according to any one of claims 1 to 3 . 請求項記載の解析結果を基に重合条件の調整を行うことを特徴とするゴム変性スチレン系樹脂の製造方法。A method for producing a rubber-modified styrenic resin, wherein the polymerization conditions are adjusted based on the analysis result according to claim 4 .
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