JP4250435B2 - Transporter - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a transport vehicle having an auxiliary electric function.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Among the distribution vehicles used in hospitals and the like, those having a so-called auxiliary electric function are particularly known for large vehicles that are large and heavy.
As shown in FIG. 13, such a distribution vehicle is equipped with a drive wheel 2 driven by a motor in the distribution vehicle main body 1, while a handle 3 for manual operation is rotatable on the front surface of the main body 1. When the handle 3 is pulled from the upright neutral position while rotating in the direction of arrow a in the figure, the motor rotates forward and the driving wheel 2 is driven forward, while the handle is moved to the arrow b. When the pushing operation is performed while rotating in the direction, the motor is reversed and the driving wheel 2 is reversely driven, thereby assisting the manual driving operation. In addition, when the operator tries to increase or decrease the traveling speed, it is preferable to increase or decrease the speed of the driving wheel 2 correspondingly, which is preferable for stable operation of the arrangement vehicle. The driving wheel 2 is accelerated as the amount of movement increases (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
On the other hand, when the hand holding the handle 3 is released or the force is released, means for automatically returning to the neutral position is taken. For example, as shown in FIG. 14, a pair of pins 5 provided so as to be able to rotate integrally with the handle 3 on both upper and lower sides sandwiching the rotation shaft 4 of the handle 3 are formed on the upper and lower sides formed on the operation plate 6. By fitting into the corresponding long hole 7, the operation plate 6 is urged to rotate clockwise by the return spring 8, and one end of each of the long holes 7 is locked to the corresponding pin 5, The handle 3 is held in a neutral position.
[0004]
[Patent Document 1]
JP 2002-308105 A
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, in the holding structure as described above, for example, when the return spring 8 is detached or cut, the handle 3 rotates forward or backward while rotating the operation plate 6 by its own weight, and the driving wheel 2 is driven and is not activated. There is a risk of traveling in preparation.
Further, when the handle 3 is returned to the neutral position by hand, the handle 3 may not be accurately stopped at the neutral position and may be rotated beyond that to the opposite side. If it does so, the advancing direction of the allocation vehicle will be changed abruptly, and not only an excessive load will be applied to a motor, but there also existed a possibility of causing the situation where the food accommodated by the impact at that time spilled out.
The present invention has been completed based on the above-described circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to temporarily hold the neutral position of the handle in a clear manner.
[0006]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
As means for achieving the above object, the invention of claim 1 is operated by pulling or pushing a handle supported rotatably on the vehicle body forward or backward, and turning the handle. In a transport vehicle in which a wheel is driven by a motor in accordance with a moving operation to assist a traveling operation, the handle and the vehicle body are engaged with each other when the handle is in a neutral position. And a locking mechanism for holding the handle in a neutral position. The locking mechanism is provided on one of the handle and the vehicle body and is perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation shaft of the handle. a resiliently displaceable and has been fitting member, the other said provided fitting portion of the handle and the vehicle body is constituted by a fits the fitting portion, relative to the handle Serial has become from the neutral position and the releasable semi-locking structure locking state when a predetermined or more rotational force to rotate forward or backward applied, the fitting member, the handle forward of the neutral position or In a state where it is rotated rearward, it is detached from the fitting portion and is in sliding contact with the other of the handle and the vehicle body, and in a state where the handle is rotated further forward or rearward. The steering wheel and the vehicle main body are separated from each other .
[0007]
[Action and effect of the invention]
<Invention of Claim 1>
When the handle is returned to the neutral position, the locking mechanism is locked and the handle is held in the neutral position. When the handle is turned, if the turning force of a predetermined level or more is applied, the handle can be turned forward or backward while the locking is released.
Since the handle can be temporarily held in the neutral position by the locking mechanism, the handle can be prevented from rotating carelessly even when the return spring stops functioning, for example. Also, because the handle can be temporarily held in the neutral position, the neutral position is made clear, so when the handle is returned to the hand, it is prevented from rotating beyond the neutral position to the opposite side. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a situation in which the traveling direction is suddenly changed.
[0008]
Further, when the handle is returned to the neutral position, the fitting body is elastically fitted to the fitting portion, and the handle is held at the neutral position. In the case of turning the handle, when a turning force of a predetermined level or more is applied, the fitting body is displaced against the elastic force and disengages from the fitting portion, and the handle can be turned forward or backward.
[0009]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Hereinafter, an embodiment in which the present invention is applied to a hot and cold distribution vehicle will be described with reference to FIGS.
As shown in FIG. 1, the warm / cold distribution vehicle includes a distribution vehicle main body 10 formed of a rectangular heat insulating box that is open on both front and back surfaces. In the following description, the left side of FIG. The inside of the main body 10 is partitioned into three rooms in the front-rear direction by a heat insulating wall (not shown), and each room is further divided into two front and rear parts by a heat insulating partition wall to form a total of six rooms, which are sequentially formed from the front. In addition, the refrigerator compartment 12A, the two refrigerator compartments 11A and 11B, the two refrigerator compartments 12B and 12C, and the heater compartment 11C are provided. These are a pair of a warm room 11 and a cold room 12 adjacent to each other, and each is equipped with a double door 13.
[0010]
A machine room 14 is provided on the upper surface of the main body 10 and is equipped with a heating device for heating the warming chamber 11, a refrigeration unit for cooling the refrigerating chamber 12, and the like.
Although not shown, shelves are formed in a plurality of stages in the paired warm storage room 11 and cold storage room 12, and trays placed by separating hot food and cold food are placed on the shelves while penetrating the partition walls. By being placed, the hot food placed on one tray is accommodated in the warming chamber 11 and the cold food is accommodated in the refrigerating chamber 12 so as to be warmed or refrigerated.
As shown in FIG. 2, a pair of left and right wheels 16 and 17 are mounted on the bottom surface of the main body 10, with the front end side being a free wheel 16 and the rear end side being a drive wheel 17. Yes. In the vicinity of the drive wheel 17, a reversible motor 18 capable of driving the drive wheel 17 in both forward and reverse directions is provided.
[0011]
A control box 20 is provided on the front surface of the main body 10 and accommodates a control mechanism for controlling the drive of the motor 18. As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the handle 21 is supported by the control box 20 so as to be pivotable about the shaft 22, and the balance of the urging force of the return spring 24 formed of a tension coil spring and the gas damper 25 is The neutral position is always upright.
Specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, an operation plate 27 in which two upper and lower long holes 28 are formed on a mounting plate 26 that is vertically mounted on the front surface of the main body 10 can swing around a shaft 29. And is urged to oscillate in the clockwise direction in FIG. On the other hand, on the rotating plate 31 fixed to the rotating shaft 22 of the handle 21, pins 32 are set up at two positions above and below the rotating shaft 22, and are respectively fitted in the corresponding long holes 28. The handle 21 is stopped in a state in which the left end portions of the upper and lower elongated holes 28 are in contact with the upper and lower pins 32, respectively.
[0012]
When the handle 21 is pulled forward from the neutral position as shown by an arrow A in FIG. 1, the upper pin 32 pushes the contact end of the long hole 28 as shown in FIG. As a result, the return spring 24 is expanded and the operation plate 27 is swung in the counterclockwise direction in FIG.
On the other hand, when the handle 21 is pushed backward as shown by the arrow B in FIG. 1, the lower pin 32 pushes the contact end of the long hole 28 as shown in FIG. Similarly, the return spring 24 is expanded and the operation plate 27 is swung in the counterclockwise direction in FIG.
When the handle 21 that has been rotated is released or the force is released, the return spring 24 returns to the neutral position by the restoring elastic force, but the gas damper 25 receives the urging force and returns at a slow speed. It is like that.
[0013]
As a mechanism for controlling the motor 18, as shown in FIG. 6, a cam plate 36 is provided with a cam shaft 35 on a bracket 34 (FIG. 3) standing on the front surface of the main body 10 on the back side of the rotation shaft 22 of the handle 21. Is supported rotatably. The cam plate 36 is a circumferential cam in which the large-diameter portion 36A and the small-diameter portion 36B are provided approximately in half, and the slot 37 is directed from the center in the circumferential direction of the large-diameter portion 36A toward the center. It is cut. On the other hand, a pin 39 is provided on a support plate 38 projecting from the inner surface of the rotation shaft 22 of the handle 21 and is fitted in a slot 37 of the cam plate 36 so that the handle 21 rotates forward or backward. Then, the cam plate 36 is rotated in the opposite direction through the pin 39-slot 37 connection.
[0014]
A pair of microswitches 40A and 40B are arranged symmetrically on the upper and lower sides of the cam plate 36, and when the handle 21 is in the neutral position, as shown in FIG. When the handle 21 is turned off from the neutral position as shown in FIG. 5B, the tip of the cam plate 36 falls into the upper and lower step portions 36C of the cam plate 36 and takes an off state. 36 rotates in the clockwise direction in the figure, and the actuator 41 of the upper micro switch 40A rides on the large diameter portion 36A, so that the micro switch 40A is turned on. On the other hand, as shown in FIG. Is rotated backward from the neutral position, the cam plate 36 is rotated in the counterclockwise direction in the figure, and the actuator 41 of the lower micro switch 40B rides on the large-diameter portion 36A. Microswitch 40B is adapted to turn on by the.
[0015]
3 and 6, the bracket 34 described above is equipped with a variable resistor 43. The variable resistor 43 has a U-shaped resistance element therein, and is provided with a slider that is slidably moved on the resistance element on the cam shaft 35. Both the switches 40A and 40B are incorporated in the control means of the motor 18.
That is, when the handle 21 is rotated forward from the neutral position (FIG. 6B), the slider moves on the resistance element in the direction in which the resistance value increases as the cam shaft 35 rotates. That is, when the output voltage becomes higher than the reference value, it is detected that the handle 21 has been rotated forward, the motor 18 is energized in the positive direction, and the upper micro switch 40A is turned on. As a result, a voltage corresponding to the absolute value of the difference from the reference value is applied, and the rotational speed of the motor 18 is controlled.
On the other hand, when the handle 21 is rotated backward (FIG. 6C), the slider moves on the resistance element in the direction of decreasing the resistance value, that is, the output voltage becomes lower than the reference value. With this, it is detected that the handle 21 is rotated rearward, the motor 18 is energized in the reverse direction, and the difference from the reference value is provided on the condition that the lower micro switch 40B is turned on. A voltage corresponding to the absolute value is applied to control the rotational speed of the motor 18.
[0016]
In the present embodiment, a mechanism for temporarily holding the handle 21 in the neutral position is provided separately.
As shown in FIG. 7, an L-shaped support plate 50 is attached to the rotary plate 31 that rotates integrally with the rotary shaft 22 of the handle 21, and the tip of the support plate 50 is attached to the rear side. A ball plunger 51 is attached to. As shown in FIG. 8, the ball plunger 51 is configured such that a ball 54 is housed in a cylindrical main body 52 having an aperture 53 at one end and a compression coil spring 55 is attached to the other end. The forward force toward the one end side is urged against the ball 54 by the elastic force of the compression coil spring 55 and is stopped by the throttle portion 53, and the ball 54 takes a state in which a part thereof protrudes to the outside, while the compression coil spring 55 The ball 54 can be retracted into the cylindrical main body 52 while elastically contracting.
[0017]
When the handle 21 is in the upright neutral position as described above, the ball plunger 51 is in a horizontal posture and corresponds to a right angle with respect to the front surface of the main body 10.
On the other hand, a vertically long rolling plate 57 on which the ball 54 of the ball plunger 51 can roll is mounted on the mounting plate 26 disposed on the front surface of the main body 10. In the middle position, when the handle 21 is in the neutral position, that is, when the ball plunger 51 faces the back side and takes a horizontal posture, the fitting is formed in a horizontally long slot shape to which the ball 54 at the tip can be fitted. A joint hole 58 is formed (see FIG. 8A).
[0018]
Then, the effect | action of this embodiment is demonstrated.
When moving the arrangement car, it is done by pulling or pushing the handle 21 with a hand. Before starting, the handle 21 is in the neutral position, and the ball 54 of the ball plunger 51 is fitted in the fitting hole 58 as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 6A, both microswitches 40A and 40B are in an off state.
When moving forward, as shown by the arrow A in FIG. 1, the pulling operation is performed while rotating the handle 21 forward. The handle 21 is rotated forward while swinging the operation plate 27 against the elasticity of the return spring 24, and as a result, the ball 54 of the ball plunger 51 is compressed as shown by the solid line in FIG. The ball plunger 51 rotates upward while retracting against the elasticity of the coil spring 55 and coming out of the fitting hole 58. As indicated by the solid line in FIG. 5C, when the ball 54 is separated from the rolling plate 57, the ball 54 returns to the original position. In addition, as described above, the magnitude of the forward speed of the motor 18, that is, the drive wheel 17 is controlled in proportion to the amount of forward rotation of the handle 21.
[0019]
On the other hand, when retreating, the handle 21 is pushed while rotating backward as shown by an arrow B in FIG. The handle 21 is also rotated backward while swinging the operation plate 27 against the elasticity of the return spring 24. Accordingly, as shown by the chain line in FIGS. 8B and 8C, the ball plunger 51 The ball plunger 51 rotates downward while the ball 54 is retracted against the elasticity of the compression coil spring 55 and comes out of the fitting hole 58. Then, the magnitude of the reverse speed of the motor 18, that is, the drive wheel 17, is controlled almost in proportion to the amount of the backward rotation of the handle 21.
[0020]
When the pulling force or pushing force of the handle 21 is removed by releasing the hand so as to stop the arrangement vehicle, the handle 21 is gently returned to the neutral position by the urging force of the return spring 24, and the state shown in FIG. As shown, the ball plunger 51 gradually turns to a horizontal posture while the ball 54 rolls on the rolling plate 57, and the ball 54 reaches the position of the fitting hole 58 when the handle 21 returns to the neutral position. As shown in FIG. 8A, the handle 21 is held in the neutral position by being urged forward by the elasticity of the compression coil spring 55 and fitted into the fitting hole 58. During this time, the motor is gradually decelerated, and finally, the motor 18 is de-energized and stopped.
Even when the handle 21 is returned by hand, when the ball 54 of the ball plunger 51 falls into the fitting hole 58, the rotational resistance is momentarily reduced, and this is transmitted to the hand as a touch. By generating a sound, it can be recognized that the handle 21 has reached the neutral position.
[0021]
As described above, according to the present embodiment, the semi-lock structure locking mechanism including the ball plunger 51 and the fitting hole 58 is provided so that the handle 21 can be temporarily held in the neutral position. Even in the case where the handle 24 is disengaged or cut and does not function, the handle 21 does not rotate carelessly due to its own weight or the like, and the distribution vehicle is prevented from traveling unexpectedly.
In addition, when the handle 21 is returned to the hand, the handle 21 is brought into the neutral position due to the feel of the hand when the ball 54 of the ball plunger 51 is elastically fitted into the fitting hole 58 or a sound. You can clearly recognize that you have returned. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the handle 21 from being accidentally turned to the opposite side beyond the neutral position, so that the advancing direction of the arrangement vehicle is not changed suddenly, and an excessive load is applied to the motor 18 or an impact is applied. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of problems such as spilling of meals received and received.
[0022]
<Related technology 1>
9 and 10 show the related art 1. FIG.
As a heating means for the warming chamber 11, as shown in FIG. 9, a heater panel 60 in which a cord heater 61 is wired on the back surface is provided on the side wall of the warming chamber 11, and the angle is attached along the left and right side edges. A predetermined interval is ensured by applying a reinforcing member 62 having a shape to the side wall. The reinforcing member 62 also functions to form a warm air flow path 63 on the outer side of each of the reinforcing members 62, and a warm air inlet 64 is cut out at the lower end portion (see FIG. 10).
Therefore, when the cord heater 61 is energized, the heater panel 60 is heated and the warming chamber 11 is kept warm by the radiant heat from the surface, and the warm air generated on the back side is lowered by driving the fan 65. After that, the flow passages 63 on both sides are raised through the introduction port 64, and a part of the warm air is blown out from the open outlet 63A so that the temperature rise in the warming chamber 11 is promoted. It has become.
[0023]
Here, conventionally, as shown with reference to the chain line in FIG. 10, the introduction portion of the warm air into the flow passage 63 is limited only to the inlet 64 at the lower end. As said that the temperature in the storage room 11 becomes higher at the bottom, there was a risk of uneven temperature.
Therefore, in this related art 1, as shown by the solid line in FIG. 10, the side plate 62A of the reinforcing member 62 is cut into a half width over a predetermined dimension at the upper position of the introduction port 64, and the relief opening 66 is formed. . Therefore, the warm air flowing down the back side of the heater panel 60 is led to the flow passages 63 on both sides in a large amount including the escape openings 66, so that the warm air is prevented from stagnation on the bottom side. Can be prevented as much as possible.
[0024]
<Related technology 2>
11 and 12 show the related technique 2. Here, a door lock mechanism for preventing the door 13 of the heating / cooling distribution vehicle from being unnecessarily opened is shown.
The door lock mechanism is provided for each pair of the warm room 11 and the cold room 12. First, a lock member 70 is arranged by a bracket 71 provided on the ceiling of the main body 10 at a position above the abutting portion of the door 13 of the pair of the refrigerator compartment 11 and the refrigerator compartment 12, and is housed in the upper bumper 72. Yes. The lock member 70 is configured such that the position of the latching piece 75 is changed between the horizontal direction and the downward direction by the operation of the key 74. Therefore, the insertion port 76 of the key 74 is opened on the front surface of the upper bumper 72 (see also the chain line in FIG. 1).
On the other hand, on the upper surfaces of the pair of warming room 11 and cold storage room 12 on the abutting end side of the door 13, hooking plates 77 are projected.
[0025]
Therefore, when the key 74 is inserted into the lock member 70 and rotated in the clockwise direction in FIG. 11, the latching piece 75 takes a downward posture and latches on the surface side of the latching plate 77 of both doors 13. The door 13 cannot be opened.
Since this door lock mechanism is a complete mechanical type, there is no need to worry about the power supply unlike the electric lock mechanism, and it can be easily adapted to attachment after delivery. In addition, since it is provided in the upper bumper 72, there is no possibility of hitting it during movement and causing damage.
[0026]
<Other embodiments>
The present invention is not limited to the embodiments described with reference to the above description and drawings. For example, the following embodiments are also included in the technical scope of the present invention, and further, within the scope not departing from the gist of the invention other than the following. Various modifications can be made.
(1) Contrary to the above embodiment, the ball plunger may be provided on the side of the arrangement vehicle main body, and the fitting hole may be provided on the handle side.
(2) The fitting body of the locking mechanism is not limited to the ball plunger exemplified in the above embodiment, but in short, the fitting portion is rounded such as a spherical shape, and is elastically fitted to the mating fitting portion. Anything is possible.
(3) The present invention can be widely applied to all transport vehicles having an auxiliary electric function as well as a layout vehicle.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a side view of a hot and cold distribution vehicle according to an embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a bottom view thereof. FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway front view showing a structure near a control box. [FIG. 5] Partially cutaway side view with the handle rotated. [FIG.6] Partially cutaway side view showing the operation mode of the micro switch. [Fig. FIG. 8 is a partially cutaway side view for explaining the operation thereof. FIG. 9 is a rear view of the heater panel according to the related art 1. FIG. 10 is a partial perspective view seen from the back. 11] Front view of a partially cut-out view showing a door lock mechanism according to Related Technique 2 [FIG. 12] A sectional side view thereof [FIG. 13] Front view of a conventional allocation car [FIG. 14] Side view of its handle support structure [Explanation of symbols]
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Distribution wheel main body 17 ... Drive wheel 18 ... Motor 21 ... Handle 22 ... Rotating shaft 50 ... Support plate 51 ... Ball plunger (fitting body: locking mechanism) 52 ... Cylindrical main body 53 ... Restriction part 54 ... Ball 55 ... Compression coil spring 57 ... rolling plate 58 ... fitting hole (fitting part: locking mechanism)

Claims (1)

A handle supported rotatably on the vehicle body is pulled or pushed while rotating forward or backward, and a wheel is driven by a motor along with the rotation of the handle to assist the traveling operation. In such a transport vehicle,
A locking mechanism is provided between the handle and the vehicle body to lock each other when the handle is in the neutral position and hold the handle in the neutral position. The locking mechanism includes the handle and the vehicle body. A fitting provided on one of the vehicle main bodies and elastically displaceable in a direction perpendicular to the axial direction of the rotation axis of the handle, and provided on the other of the handle and the vehicle main body And a fitting portion into which the fitting body is fitted, and the locked state can be released when a predetermined rotational force is applied to the handle to rotate forward or backward from the neutral position. It has a semi-lock structure ,
The fitting body is separated from the fitting portion and is in sliding contact with the other one of the handle and the vehicle body when the handle is rotated forward or backward from the neutral position. When the vehicle is further rotated forward or rearward, the vehicle is separated from the other of the handle and the vehicle body .

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