JP4253170B2 - How to fatten Japanese cows - Google Patents

Description

【００２４】
図２は、黒毛和種牛の卵巣摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。図２から明らかなように、和種牛が純粋種の場合には、摘出は、生後約９〜約１１ケ月齢の間に行うことが好ましいことがわかる。
【００２５】
（肥育例２）
Ａグループ
純粋種の黒毛和種牛とホルスタイン種牛とを交配させて産まれた純粋種の黒毛和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％である交雑種の未経産雌牛（３３頭）であって、表２に示すように、６、９、１２ケ月齢で、左右の卵巣を、前述した図１に示す卵巣摘出器具を用いて摘出した後、交雑種の雌牛の肥育で用いる通常の飼料を給与して生後２５ケ月齢まで肥育を行って出荷した（出荷時の雌牛の平均体重６７８．７ｋｇ）。
出荷した上記交雑種の未経産雌牛について、その枝肉の重量を測定しところ、下記の表２に示すとおりの結果であった。
【００２６】
【表２】

【００２７】
Ｂグループ
純粋種の黒毛和種牛とホルスタイン種牛とを交配させて産まれた純粋種の黒毛和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％である交雑種の未経産雌牛（６頭）であって、表３に示すように、６、７ケ月齢で、左右の卵巣を、前述した図１に示す卵巣摘出具を用いて摘出した後、交雑種の雌牛の肥育で用いる通常の飼料を給与して生後２５ケ月齢まで肥育を行って出荷した（出荷時の雌牛の平均体重７８２．５ｋｇ）。
出荷した上記交雑種の未経産雌牛について、その枝肉の重量を測定しところ、下記の表３に示すとおりの結果であった。
【００２８】
【表３】

【００２９】
図３は、交雑種の和種牛（Ａ，Ｂグループ）の摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。
図３から明らかなように、和種牛が純粋種の和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％以上である交雑種の場合には、摘出は、生後約６〜約８ケ月齢の間に行うことが好ましいことがわかる。
【００３０】
【発明の効果】
以上説明したように、本発明によれば、和種牛が純粋種の場合には、卵巣の摘出を生後約９〜１１ケ月齢の間に行い、和種牛が純粋種の和種牛の遺伝子比率が５０％以上である交雑種の場合には、卵巣の摘出を生後約６〜８ケ月齢の間に行うようにしたので、卵巣摘出による肥育効果を充分に発揮させることができる。
【図面の簡単な説明】
【図１】本発明による肥育方法に適した卵巣摘出器具の一例を示す図である。
【図２】黒毛和種牛の卵巣摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。
【図３】交雑種の和種牛（Ａ，Ｂグループ）の卵巣摘出月齢と枝肉重量平均の関係を示した図である。
【符号の説明】
１ 卵巣摘出器具[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention relates to a method for fattening Japanese cows such as pure Japanese cows and crossbred Japanese cows having a gene ratio of 50% or more of pure Japanese cows.
[0002]
[Prior art]
Conventionally, as a method of fattening this kind of Japanese cow, for example, the ovary of either a pure Japanese cow or a crossbred Japanese cow with a gene ratio of 50% or more of a pure Japanese cow is extracted. It is known to fatten (eg, Patent Document 1).
[0003]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-8-168326 [0004]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
However, the above-described conventional technique has a problem that the expected carcass weight cannot be obtained depending on the type of cow despite the removal of the ovaries.
The subject of this invention is providing the fattening method of the Japanese cow which can fully exhibit the fattening effect by ovariectomy irrespective of the kind of cow.
[0005]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the invention of claim 1 is a method of fattening a Japanese cow that extracts and fattenes an ovary of a cow of a Japanese cow, wherein the type of the Japanese cow is pure or pure A determination step for determining whether the gene ratio of a Japanese cattle is 50% or more, and an extraction step for extracting the ovaries when the Japanese cow is a predetermined age, the extraction step including the determination If it is determined in the step that the type of the Japanese cattle is pure, the ovaries are removed between 9 and 11 months of age, and the type of the Japanese cattle is a crossbred in the determination step. If it is determined, the method for fattening Japanese cows , wherein the ovaries are removed between the ages of 6 and 8 months .
[0007]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
The fattening method of the present invention is performed on either a pure-type Japanese cow or a cross-bred Japanese cow having a gene ratio of 50% or more.
As used herein, the term “Japanese cattle” simply includes both pure Japanese cattle and crossbred Japanese cattle with a gene ratio of 50% or more of pure Japanese cattle. The term “Japanese cow” simply includes both cows of pure Japanese cows and Japanese cows having a gene ratio of 50% or more of pure Japanese cows.
[0008]
And as a pure-type Japanese cattle referred to in the present invention, it means any one of Japanese black cattle, Japanese brown cattle, Japanese short-horned cattle and non-horny Japanese cattle, and the gene ratio of pure-type Japanese cattle is 50 As a crossbred Japanese cattle having a percentage of at least 50%, it means a crossbred Japanese cattle having a gene ratio of 50% or more derived from one or more of the pure breed Japanese cows described above.
[0009]
Although not limited, as a representative example of a crossbred Japanese cow that has a gene ratio of 50% or more of a pure Japanese cow used in the fattening method of the present invention, (1) pure A crossbred Japanese cow (mix 1st generation; F1) cow with a gene ratio of 50% pure Japanese cows obtained from Japanese cows and other cows;
(2) Cross-breed Japanese cattle with a gene ratio of 75% of pure-breed Japanese cattle obtained from the pure-breed Japanese cattle and the cross-breed Japanese cattle (1); (A hybrid second generation; F2) cow;
In the above (2), in obtaining a crossbred Japanese cattle (hybrid second generation; F2) in which the gene ratio of pure Japanese cattle is 75%, the breed of pure Japanese cattle used as a parent cattle is Even if it is the same as the breed of Japanese cattle used to obtain the first breed (F1) cross-breed Japanese cattle (the cross-breed Japanese cattle of (1) above) (so-called “backcross”) ) Or different varieties.
In obtaining the Japanese cow of the crossbred (1) and (2) described above, normal mating, artificial insemination, or artificial insemination (so-called in vitro fertilization) on an egg taken out from the ovary of the cow ) Or the like.
[0010]
Among the above-mentioned Japanese cows, the fattening method of the present invention is applied to cows of pure black Japanese cows or crossbred Japanese cows having a gene ratio of 50% or more of pure black Japanese cows. It is particularly effective for these Japanese black cows with improved meat quality, and can obtain high productivity by collective fattening etc. while achieving large weight gain while keeping the difference between individuals low. it can.
[0011]
In the present invention, the Japanese cow that performs ovary extraction may be a heifer before having born a calf or a heifer that has born a calf.
[0012]
Ovariectomy can be done before fattening or during the fattening period, but to prevent the growth of Japanese cows from being obstructed by removal of the ovaries and to fully demonstrate the fattening effect of ovariectomy When the Japanese cattle is pure, it is preferable to perform the extraction between about 9 and 11 months after birth, and when the Japanese cattle is a crossbred whose gene ratio of the pure cattle is 50% or more Is preferably performed between about 6 and about 8 months of age.
[0013]
The method for extracting the ovaries from Japanese cows is not particularly limited as long as it does not cause significant damage to the cow body (maternal body) or hinder its growth. In particular, when removing the ovaries, as an ovariectomy tool, cut the ovarian tissue part while temporarily tightening the blood vessels that connect the ovary and the uterus, such as the blood vessels that connect the ovaries and the ovaries. It is particularly preferred to use an ovariectomy tool that can remove the ovaries and, in some cases, can administer a drug solution into the abdominal cavity after ovariectomy, and therefore the present invention uses such an ovariectomy tool. The method of extracting and fattening the ovary of a breeding cow is included as the preferable aspect.
[0014]
As the ovariectomy tool having the above-described function, an ovariectomy tool disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 8-80310 filed previously by the present applicant is preferably used.
The ovariectomy tool described in JP-A-8-80310 has an outer tube having an opening at the tip and an opening at the side, a turning tool at the tip, and an opening having the same shape as the outer tube at the side. An inner tube that is slidably inserted into the outer tube, and the inner tube that is slid inside the inner tube when the communication hole is closed by sliding of the inner tube and cuts the tissue outside the ovary An ovariectomy tool is slidably inserted into the tube.
[0015]
More specifically, as shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned ovariectomy tool has an outer tube 10 having an opening 11 at the tip and an ovary sampling port 12 and a support handle 13 at the side, and a vagina wall perforation at the tip. The tool 21 is fixed, the vaginal wall punching tool 21 has an ovary accommodating portion 22 at the rear, an ovary sampling port 23 and a blood vessel crushing handle 24 on the side, and more than the support handle 13 of the outer tube 10. The inner tube 20 with the vagina wall drilling handle 25 fixed to the rear, and the ovary with the ovariectomy blade 31 fixed to the tip and the ovariectomy pressing plate 32 attached to the rear end protruding rearward from the inner tube 20 It has a resection tube 30 and preferably has means (medical solution inlet 34 and chemical solution outlet 35) that can administer medicinal solution into the abdominal cavity after ovariectomy, and the support handle 13 and For drilling the vaginal wall The structural feature is that the distance between the handle 25 and the support handle 13 and the blood vessel crushing work handle 24 is set to be a distance that can be grasped between the thumb of one hand of the operator and the other fingers, respectively. have.
[0016]
When the ovaries are extracted using the above-described ovary extractor, the support handle 13 and the vagina wall drilling handle 25 are held close to each other with the fingers of one hand, so that the vagina at the distal end of the inner tube 20 is removed. A wall punch 21 protrudes from the distal end opening 11 of the outer tube 10 to pierce the vagina wall, and the ovariectomy device protrudes into the abdominal cavity from the hole, and the ovary sampling ports 12 and 23 of the outer tube 10 and the inner tube 20 are opened. The inner tube 20 slides in the outer tube 10 and the ovary is collected from the outer tube 10 by placing it in the abdominal cavity and making the distance between the support handle 13 and the blood vessel crushing handle 24 close by grasping with one finger. The mouth 12 and the ovary collection port 23 of the inner tube 20 move relative to each other, and the communication holes of both the ovary collection ports 12 and 23 are gradually closed and connected to the ovary housed in the inner tube 20. The extra-ovarian tissues such as blood vessels running in both nest collection ports 12, 23 The ovariectomy tube 30 is advanced in the inner tube 20 by pressing the ovariectomy pressing plate 32 against the abdomen of the surgeon and the like in this state, and the ovariectomy tube 30 is advanced in the inner tube 20. While holding the blood vessel, the ovariectomy blade 31 is advanced to cut the ovarian tissue and remove the ovary.
The more detailed structure and operation method are described in JP-A-8-80310.
[0017]
In practicing the present invention, when the ovary of a Japanese cow is extracted using an ovary extractor as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-80310 filed by the applicant, the cutting device (cutting blade) is rotated. The living tissue is cut in the vicinity of the ovary to remove the ovary, and the conventional method used in the method described in “Livestock Medical Care” No. 323, pages 34-37 (May 1990) is used. Compared to the case of using the ovariectomy tool (KIMBERLING-RUPPSPAY DEVICE) and the conventional ovariectomy tool described in JP-A-3-247331,
(I) The removal of the ovaries takes a short time, and there is little damage to the living tissue during the removal of the ovaries, and there is less bleeding and pain, so no stress is applied to the cow, and the meat quality and weight gain are Even better,
(Ii) In addition, by being able to remove the ovaries easily and reliably, it is possible to remove the ovaries completely without any failure during the removal of the ovaries. With the incomplete removal of the ovaries (failure of removal), A part of the ovary remains in the living body, there is no risk of regeneration, and the meat quality and weight gain become better,
An extremely excellent effect is achieved.
[0018]
In the present invention, fattening of Japanese cows before and after ovary extraction may be performed separately (single-fed rearing), but in order to sufficiently achieve the object of the present invention It is preferable that only a few to several dozen Japanese cows after the ovaries have been removed are enclosed in a fence and fattened in groups (group feeding).
And when carrying out group feeding, even if only pure Japanese cows are fattened together, fattening only cows of crossbred Japanese cows whose gene ratio of pure cows is 50% or more is fattened together. Or you may fatten together the cow of the crossbred Japanese cow whose gene ratio of a pure Japanese cow and a pure Japanese cow is 50% or more together.
In particular, in the case of the present invention, there is no need to worry about riding on other cows due to estrus even if group feeding is performed. Improves.
[0019]
As the fattening method for Japanese cows after the ovaries have been extracted and the feed used for fattening, any of the known fattening methods and feeds conventionally used for Japanese cows can be used. The Japanese cows fattened by the method of the present invention can be shipped in the same manner as the Japanese cows fattened by the conventional method. Since it can be fattened to the same weight as before, it may be shipped as a beef earlier than before.
[0020]
【Example】
EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples and the like, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
[0021]
(Featuring example 1)
A heifer of a Japanese black cattle of pure breed, as shown in Table 1, at 9 to 15 months of age, after the left and right ovaries were removed using the ovariectomy device shown in FIG. The normal feed used for fattening Japanese black cows was fed and fattened to 30 months of age and shipped (average weight of cows at the time of shipment: 625.8 kg).
In order to remove the ovaries with the above-mentioned ovariectomy device, it is necessary to insert a hand from the anus. However, pure Japanese black cattle cannot be removed at 6-8 months of age because of their small size.
Regarding the heifers of the Japanese black cattle that were shipped, the weight of the carcass was measured as follows, and the results were as shown in Table 1 below.
[0022]
[Weight of carcass]
The weight of the carcass obtained by dismantling the slaughtered cows (peeling, cutting the head, cutting off the internal organs, cutting the forelimbs, cutting the hind limbs, cutting the tail, cutting the carcass) is measured as it is.
As the evaluation method, it is possible to evaluate the meat quality and the weight, but since the former has factors that depend on the type of food, the breeding environment, etc., the present invention employs the weight-related evaluation method. .
[0023]
[Table 1]

[0024]
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the relationship between the age of ovariectomy and carcass weight average of Japanese black cattle. As can be seen from FIG. 2, when the Japanese cattle is pure, it is understood that the extraction is preferably performed between about 9 and about 11 months of age.
[0025]
(Featuring example 2)
Group A is a cross-bred heifer (33 heads) with a gene ratio of 50% pure Japanese Black cattle bred by crossing pure Japanese Black cattle and Holstein cattle. As shown in Table 2, after removing the left and right ovaries at the age of 6, 9, 12 months using the ovariectomy device shown in FIG. 1, the normal feed used for fattening crossbred cows is used. They were fed and fattened to 25 months of age and shipped (average weight of cow at the time of shipment: 678.7 kg).
The weight of the carcass was measured for the heifers of the above hybrids that were shipped, and the results were as shown in Table 2 below.
[0026]
[Table 2]

[0027]
Group B: Cross-bred heifers (six) with a gene ratio of 50% pure black Japanese cattle bred by crossing pure Japanese black cattle with Holstein cattle As shown in Table 3, after removing the left and right ovaries at the age of 6 to 7 months using the ovariectomy tool shown in FIG. 1, the normal feed used for fattening crossbred cows was fed. They were fattened up to 25 months of age and shipped (average cow cow weight 782.5 kg at the time of shipment).
The carcasses of the above-mentioned crossbred heifers were weighed and the results were as shown in Table 3 below.
[0028]
[Table 3]

[0029]
FIG. 3 is a diagram showing the relationship between the age of excision and carcass weight average of crossbred Japanese cattle (Groups A and B).
As is clear from FIG. 3, when the Japanese beef is a crossbred with a gene ratio of a pure beef cattle of 50% or more, the extraction is preferably performed between about 6 to about 8 months of age. I understand that.
[0030]
【The invention's effect】
As described above, according to the present invention, when the Japanese beef is pure, the ovary is removed between about 9 and 11 months of age, and the gene ratio of the Japanese beef is pure. In the case of a hybrid of 50% or more, since the ovaries are removed between about 6 to 8 months after birth, the fattening effect by ovariectomy can be sufficiently exerted.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of an ovariectomy device suitable for a fattening method according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the age of ovariectomy and carcass weight average of Japanese black cattle.
FIG. 3 is a graph showing the relationship between the age of ovariectomy and the average carcass weight of crossbred Japanese cattle (Groups A and B).
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Ovariectomy instrument

Claims (1)

In the method of fattening Japanese cows that extract and fatten the ovaries of Japanese cows,
A determination step of determining whether the type of the Japanese cow is a pure breed or a crossbred with a gene ratio of the pure breed Japanese cow of 50% or more,
An extraction step of extracting the ovaries when the Japanese cow is a predetermined age,
The extraction step includes
Wherein when the type of the Cattle in the determination step is determined to be pure species, performs removal of the ovaries during the postnatal 9-11 months of age,
A method for fattening a Japanese cow, characterized in that, when it is determined in the determination step that the type of the Japanese cattle is a crossbred, the ovaries are removed between 6 and 8 months of age.

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